25 results on '"Chhabra, P."'
Search Results
2. The Voice of Evidence in Reading Research
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McCardle, Peggy, Chhabra, Vinita, McCardle, Peggy, and Chhabra, Vinita
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As education professionals work to incorporate scientific, evidence-based practices into reading instruction, one thing is clear: sound decisions depend on a solid understanding of what the research says. This book brings together all the information readers need in a single volume. A masterful synthesis of information from leading experts in the field, this accessible resource helps school administrators, educators, and specialists answer complex questions about scientifically based reading research and make informed choices about teaching practices. Readers will: learn how to read research literature, judge its value, apply it to practice, and recognize common myths about scientific research; review the essential findings of the National Reading Panel report on Teaching Children to Read and examine up-to-the-minute research information about phonics and phonemic awareness, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension; find research-based explorations of practical classroom issues, such as preparing teachers to implement research findings, keeping students motivated, and helping students with reading disabilities; learn about current brain research and neuroimaging and its influence on reading; and discover how reading research informs educational policy and get reliable information on current legislation. Required reading for all professionals whose work deals with reading instruction, this book gives readers the clear, detailed information they need about one of today's most critical topics in early education. This book contains the following sections: (1) Overview; (2) Reading Research that Provides Evidence: The Methods; (3) Evidence-Based Practices that Teachers Are Asked to Implement; (4) Reading Research Evidence in the Classroom; (5) Neuroimaging and Brain Research; and (6) Policy and Research: Where Are We Today and Where Are We Going? An index is included.
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- 2004
3. Dispersion of heavy spheroidal particles in 3D turbulent-like flows
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Domínguez, A., primary, Chhabra, P., additional, and Clercx, H.J.H., additional
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4. The Agile Delivery of Service Chain Management Solutions
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Chhabra, P., primary and Karamongikar, S., additional
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5. Actin and Its Binding Proteins in Heart Failure.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, Chhabra, Deepak, Stefani, Maurizio, Tsubakihara, Masako, Hambly, Brett D., Liew, Choon C., Allen, Paul D., Macdonald, Peter S., and dos Remedios, Cristobal G.
- Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of combined morbidity and mortality among developed nations. It is the final clinical presentation of a variety of cardiovascular diseases and disorders, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, myocarditis, diabetes, alcohol abuse, and familial cardiomyopathies (Narula et al. 1996). This pathophysiological state is characterized by progressive deterioration of ventricular function, usually in the left ventricle (LV). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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6. The Role of PIP2 in Actin, Actin-Binding Proteins and Disease.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, dos Remedios, C. G., and Nosworthy, Neil J.
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Phosphatidylinositol(4,5) bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2 or more simply, PIP2 is only a minor component of the cell membrane lipids but it is the most abundant of the bisphorylated phosphoinositides. PIP2 is a key ligand in regulating the activity of a number of actin-binding proteins that regulate the assembly of actin microfilaments (Logan and Mandato 2006; Yin and Janmey 2003). Because of its central role, abnormal accumulation of PIP2 in the cell might be expected to produce defects in the assembly of cytoplasmic actin microfilaments. Similarly, a substantial reduction in cellular PIP2 is also not likely to be tolerated. Thus, mutations in enzymes that control cellular PIP2 content may be responsible, either directly or indirectly, for a number of human diseases/disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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7. Intracellular Pathogens and the Actin Cytoskeleton.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, and Bearer, E. L.
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Intracellular pathogens co-opt cellular machinery in many ways. It has long been recognized that the life cycle of most viruses depends on host cell DNA replication enzymes. More recently, intracellular bacteria as well as viruses have been discovered to disrupt and redirect the host cell cytoskeleton to assist their survival and growth. Understanding pathogen-cytoskeleton interactions will provide fresh insights into targets for drug therapies or for design of immunogens for preventive vaccine development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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8. Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins in Cancer Progression and Metastasis.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Van Troys, Marleen, Vandekerckhove, Joël, and Ampe, Christophe
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With over 10 million cases and over 5.7 million deaths a year (GLOBOCAN data 2002; Ferlay et al. 2004), cancer presents a major health problem worldwide. Dealing with cancer, both from a clinical and from a fundamental scientific view, is complicated by the extensive diversity within this disease. Based on their origin, more than 100 different human cancer types have been described and, within one organ, distinct subtypes can occur. In addition, tumors may progress to a malignant state that manifests itself mainly when tumor cells spread out from the primary lesion (or neoplasm) and metastasize, i.e., colonize distant sites of the patient's body. Metastatic cancer, accounts for 90% of cancer-related lethality (Sporn 1996) and hence forms the primary determining factor in patient outcome. Therefore a detailed molecular understanding of tumor cell spread is required to render treatment of cancer more specific and efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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9. Diseases with Abnormal Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins in Leukocyte and Nonmuscle Cells.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, and Nunoi, Hiroyuki
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Actin and actin-binding proteins (ABPs) in nonmuscle cells play important functional roles in defense against microbial infection, in phagocytes, and in the alignment of epithelial cells. Phagocytes migrate to sites of infection to ingest and destroy pathogens by generating reactive oxygen species and releasing the contents of their granules into phagosomes and the extracellular medium. Epithelial cells maintain their shape and use villi to remove pathogens and waste materials. The underlying mechanisms for these activities are closely associated with reorganization of the cytoskeleton. This reorganization is a cyclic process that includes polymerization of G-actin to filaments, crosslinking of filaments to form supramolecular assemblies anchored to membranes, and depolymerization of F-actin to G-actin (Moraczewska et al. 1996) (Fig. 1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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10. The Roles of Thymosin β4 in Cell Migration and Cell-to-Cell Signaling in Disease.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Au, Joshua K., Krendel, Mira, Safer, Daniel, and De La Cruz, Enrique M.
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The β-thymosins are a highly conserved family of strongly polar ~5 kDa polypeptides that are widely distributed in metazoan cells (Fig. 1). Thymosin βin4, the most abundant and best-characterized β-thymosin, binds monomeric actin in a stable 1:1 complex and acts as an actin "buffer," preventing spontaneous polymerization but supplying high concentrations of free actin monomers for rapid filament elongation when cells are stimulated by extracellular cues. Several biological regulatory effects are attributed to Tβin4 and oxidized Tβin4. Among these are the induction of angiogenesis, tumor metastasis and the inhibition of inflammation. Correspondingly, several therapeutic applications for Tβ4 have been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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11. Gelsolin and Disease.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Burtnick, Leslie D., and Robinson, Robert C.
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Gelsolin is a multifunctional regulator of actin filament formation and disassembly (reviewed in Sun et al. 1999; Kwiatkowski 1999; McGough et al. 2003; Silacci et al. 2004). It can bind to the side of an F-actin filament, sever that filament in a nonhydrolytic manner, and cap the fast growing end of one of the resultant fragments. Uncapping can be induced through the binding of specific phospholipids (see chapter by dos Remedios), for example, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), to expose the fast growing end of a prenucleated filament. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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12. Profilin.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, and Moens, Pierre D. J.
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Profilin, a small ubiquitous nonmuscle protein of 12-14 kDa, is found in eukaryotic cells (Carlsson et al. 1977; Reichstein and Korn 1979) including plants (Valenta et al. 1992), and viruses (Machesky et al. 1994) (see chapter by Bearer). It is expressed in all eukaryotic organisms studied to date. Profilin is essential for the normal development and cytokinesis of Dictyostelium Amoeba (Haugwitz et al. 1994). These authors showed that in profilin-null mutants cell motility was significantly reduced and development was blocked prior to fruiting body formation. Furthermore, these cells could not be grown in shaking culture under normal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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13. Overview: Actin-Binding Protein Function and Its Relation to Disease Pathology.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Krendel, Mira, and De La Cruz, Enrique M.
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The actin cytoskeleton generates force and movement responsible for many critical and fundamental cellular processes (see Chap. 1). Force generation and motility are produced by two distinct mechanisms (1) the self-assembly of actin monomers into filaments, which can exert forces against boundaries and particles such as cell membranes, vesicles, organelles, or pathogenic bacteria, and generate movement of these boundaries and (2) through the activity of contractile motor proteins of the myosin family, which generate force and motility along actin filaments. Both mechanisms utilize chemical energy in the form of ATP although hydrolysis of ATP by actin does not contribute to the force generated by actomyosin. Each monomer incorporated into a filament and each myosin mechanical "step" consumes one ATP molecule, generating ADP and Pi as the hydrolysis products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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14. ADF/Cofilin, Actin Dynamics, and Disease.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Maloney, Michael T., Kinley, Andrew W., Pak, Chi W., and Bamburg, James R.
- Abstract
The actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family of actin assembly regulatory proteins is essential for the survival of all eukaryotes including protists, plants, and animals (reviewed in Bamburg 1999). In multicellular organisms, ADF/cofilin (AC) proteins are highly regulated by complex signaling pathways. Multiple strategies of biochemical regulation are utilized including phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, membrane phosphoinositolphosphate binding, pH regulation, accessory proteins that can enhance the effects of AC on actin dynamics, and proteins that compete for actin binding, such as tropomyosins (TMs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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15. Autoantigenicity of Actin.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Mackay, Ian R., Martinez-Neira, Roberto, Whittingham, Senga, Nicolau, Dan, and Toh, Ban-Hock
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Actin is one of the most abundant of the constituents of the proteome. In its polymeric filamentous form, actin is a critical component of the cytoskeleton, so influencing cell shape and motility. It is viewed by the research community from several different perspectives. For example, cell biologists view actin as the major element in a complex suite of molecules that maintain cell form and mediate cellular motility responses to various stimuli, e.g., chemotaxis, covered in detail in other chapters of this book. Analytical biochemists take advantage of the cellular abundance and high conservation of structure of actin to use it as a "housekeeping" protein control for particular functional studies on other elements of the proteome. Immunopathologists and diagnostic serologists are interested in the propensity of actin to behave as an autoantigenic molecule, which it does in virtually just one disease, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). This chapter is written from this third perspective. The chapter is introduced by a brief survey of immunity and autoimmunity, and the nature of the disease AIH in which F-actin functions as an autoantigen. The chapter examines anti-F-actin in terms of its origins and significance, and possible role in immune-mediated destruction of hepatocytes. Functional effects in vitro of anti-F-actin (delivered as Fabs of IgG) on actin motility are demonstrable using an actin-myosin system in a motility chamber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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16. Actin-Binding Drugs: An Elegant Tool to Dissect Subcellular Processes in Endothelial and Cancer Cells.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Braet, Filip, Soon, Lilian, Vekemans, Katrien, Thordarson, Pall, and Spector, Ilan
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Until a decade or so ago there were only a few agents available that interfered with cellular activities by binding to actin. In fact, most of our initial knowledge concerning the involvement of actin in basic cellular processes was based on the extensive use of the mold metabolites cytochalasins. However, the actin-binding activities and cellular effects of cytochalasins are complex and difficult to interpret (Cooper 1987; Sampath and Pollard 1991), so that the functions and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton in various organisms remained elusive. Another widely used class of actin-binding drugs, the mushroom-derived phallotoxins, stabilizes actin filaments and promotes actin polymerization (Cooper 1987; Sampath and Pollard 1991), but they do not enter most cell types and are predominantly used as fluorescent derivatives to visualize actin filaments in fixed cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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17. Actin: An Overview of Its Structure and Function.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, Chhabra, Deepak, and dos Remedios, Cristobal G.
- Abstract
Actin forms the principal components of cytoskeletal microfilaments. The assembly of globular actin monomers (G-actin) to form filaments (F-actin) is essential in allowing the cytoskeleton to carry out its various functions including, but not limited to, cell division and locomotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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18. Actin Genetic Diseases.
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Atassi, M. Zouhair, dos Remedios, Cristobal G., Chhabra, Deepak, Sparrow, John C., and Laing, Nigel G.
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The human genome, as for other mammals, contains six actin genes, ACTA1, ACTA2, ACTB, ACTC, ACTG1, and ACTG2. Four of these genes are differentially expressed in cardiac (ACTC), smooth (ACTA2), enteric (ACTG2), and skeletal muscles (ACTA1); two are described as cytoplasmic actin genes (ACTB and ACTG1) and are expressed in all cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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19. The Agile Delivery of Service Chain Management Solutions.
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Voudouris, Christos, Lesaint, David, Owusu, Gilbert, Dorne, Raphael, Chhabra, P., and Karamongikar, S.
- Abstract
For IT leaders, the increasing speed of innovation supported by a strong and flexible enterprise-wide software infrastructure, as well as delivering functionally rich and technically robust services is of primary concern. Increasing responsiveness to business changes and growing requirements ultimately require flexible software systems that can embrace such changes. To realise this, business stakeholders and IT executives are focusing on enhancing their older software delivery models. The goal here is to ensure that the enterprises remain competitive and leading. Agile practices in delivery promises to fulfil such a goal. It addresses the need of building business functionality quickly in circumstances of evolving requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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20. Multiple Impacts of Land-Use/Cover Change.
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Chhabra, Abha, Geist, Helmut, Houghton, Richard A., Haberl, Helmut, Braimoh, Ademola K., Vlek, Paul L. G., Patz, Jonathan, Xu, Jianchu, Ramankutty, Navin, Coomes, Oliver, and Lambin, Eric F.
- Abstract
Local changes in land-use/cover are so pervasive that, when aggregated globally, they may significantly affect central aspects of the Earth System functioning and thus life support functions and human livelihoods. Estimates of the areal extent, spatial expression or likewise quantitative estimate of the impact of land change more or less converge, while estimates driven by notions of "imprint", "impress", "footprint" or "carrying capacity" are larger, thus appearing more dramatic - see Box 4.1 (and Chap. 2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2006
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21. Global Land-Cover Change: Recent Progress, Remaining Challenges.
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Ramankutty, Navin, Graumlich, Lisa, Achard, Frédéric, Alves, Diogenes, Chhabra, Abha, DeFries, Ruth S., Foley, Jonathan A., Geist, Helmut, Houghton, Richard A., Goldewijk, Kees Klein, Lambin, Eric F., Millington, Andrew, Rasmussen, Kjeld, Reid, Robin S., and Turner, Billie L.
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Since time immemorial, humankind has changed landscapes in attempts to improve the amount, quality, and security of natural resources critical to its well being, such as food, freshwater, fiber, and medicinal products. Through the increased use of innovation, human populations have, slowly at first, and at increasingly rapid pace later on, increased its ability to derive resources from the environment, and expand its territory. Several authors have identified three different phases - the control of fire, domestication of biota, and fossil-fuel use - as being pivotal in enabling increased appropriation of natural resources (Goudsblom and De Vries 2004; Turner II and McCandless 2004). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2006
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22. PISA: Automatic Extraction of Traffic Signatures.
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Boutaba, Raouf, Almeroth, Kevin, Puigjaner, Ramon, Shen, Sherman, Black, James P., Chhabra, Parminder, John, Ajita, and Saran, Huzur
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Analysis of security attacks shows that an attack leaves its imprint or signature in the attack packets. Traffic from Distributed Denial of Service attacks and rapid worm spreads has the potential to yield signatures. While all signatures may not be indicative of attacks, it is useful to extract non-transient signatures that are carried by a sufficient number of flows/packets/bytes. The number of packets/bytes in the flows carrying the signature may be used for rate-limiting the flows, providing for timely and automated response to both known and unknown attacks. This paper proposes an efficient algorithm, PISA, which clusters flows based on similarity in packet information and extracts signatures from high-bandwidth clusters. Extensive experiments on two weeks of real attack data of 100 million packets yield about 1744 signatures. Additionally, PISA extracted the signature for the Blaster worm connection attempts in a mix of traffic from a trans-Pacific backbone link. Keywords. Signatures, Traffic Clusters, Security, DDoS, Worms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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23. Frugal Event Dissemination in a Mobile Environment.
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Alonso, Gustavo, Baehni, Sébastien, Chhabra, Chirdeep Singh, and Guerraoui, Rachid
- Abstract
This paper describes an event dissemination algorithm that implements a topic-based publish/subscribe interaction abstraction in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). Our algorithm is frugal in two senses. First, it reduces the total number of duplicates and parasite events received by the subscribers. Second, both the mobility of the publishers and the subscribers, as well as the validity periods of the events, are exploited to achieve a high level of dissemination reliability with a thrifty usage of the memory and bandwidth. Besides, our algorithm is inherently portable and does not assume any underlying routing protocol. We give simulation results of our algorithms in the two most popular mobility models: city section and random waypoint. We highlight interesting empirical lower bounds on the minimal validity period of any given event to ensure its reliable dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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24. Heavy Industry Applications of Sensornets.
- Author
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Prasanna, Viktor K., Iyengar, Sitharama, Spirakis, Paul G., Welsh, Matt, Buonadonna, Philip, Chhabra, Jasmeet, Krishnamurthy, Lakshman, and Kushalnagar, Nandakishore
- Abstract
Sensors are a cornerstone of heavy industrial operations. Manufacturing plants and general engineering facilities, such as power plants or shipboard engine rooms, require a high degree of sensing to ensure product quality and/or efficient and safe operation. Wireless sensor networks are a natural fit to meeting the demands of scale, data access and cost. However, the nature and environment of industrial applications presents unique requirements for sensornets. To better understand these challenges, we conducted deployments in two settings: a semiconductor fabrication plant and an oil tanker. The context for the deployments was a condition based maintenance application which monitors machinery vibration to detect/preempt failures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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25. Dispersion of heavy spheroidal particles in 3D turbulent-like flows.
- Author
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Palma, J. M. L. M., Lopes, A. Silva, Domínguez, A., Chhabra, P., and Clercx, H. J. H.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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