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This paper contains the grant proposal and final report for a project conducted by the California State University at Northridge library to demonstrate online database searching and introduce the use of bibliographic management software to faculty and graduate students. Day-long, discipline-oriented seminars were planned to increase the participants' knowledge of the contents and structure of the databases important to their research and to enable them to make informed decisions on which reprint software programs best suit their needs. The six programs presented were askSam, Notebook II, Nutshell/Reference Gateway, Pro-Cite, and Biblio-Links. A bibliography of software reviews and a handout providing overviews of the selected software, contact information, and purchase price are appended. (Contains 16 references.) (KRN)

Newly updated and revised, this popular text provides a solid introduction to the foundations of research methods, with the goal of enabling students and professionals in the field of applied linguistics to become not just casual consumers of research who passively read bits and pieces of a research article, but "discerning" consumers able to effectively use published research for practical purposes in educational settings. All issues important for understanding and using published research for these purposes are covered. Key principles are illustrated with research studies published in refereed journals across a wide spectrum of applied linguistics. Exercises throughout the text encourage readers to engage interactively with what they are reading at the point when the information is fresh in their minds. Changes in the second edition: (1) new examples in chapter two reflecting formatting changes made by ERIC; (2) major reordering in chapter four to better represent the sample types; (3) reorganization of chapters six and seven to enhance cohesion of the themes being discussed; and (4) updated references and recommended reading lists in all chapters. [For the first edition, "Research in Applied Linguistics: Becoming a Discerning Consumer", see ED529692.]

The new "International Handbook of Universities" is now 2-volumes and includes single-user access to World Higher Education Database Online. This "Twenty-second Edition" is the most comprehensive guide to university-level education worldwide, providing detailed information on higher education institutions that offer at least a post-graduate degree or a four-year professional diploma. New for this edition is information on Educational Systems for each country. Contents of this book include: (1) Preface; (2) Guide to the Entries; (3) The International Association of Universities; (4) Officers of the International Association of Universities; (5) List of Publications; (6) List of Regional/International Higher Education Organizations; (7) Universities Listed Alphabetically by Country; (8) Index of Institutions; (9) Index of Fields of Study; and (10) Includes single-user access to World Higher Education Database Online: www.whed-online.com

This text provides a solid introduction to the foundations of research methods, with the goal of enabling students and professionals in the field of applied linguistics to become not just "casual" consumers of research who passively read bits and pieces of a research article, but "discerning" consumers able to effectively use published research for practical purposes in educational settings. All issues important for understanding and using published research for these purposes are covered. Key principles are illustrated with research studies published in refereed journals across a wide spectrum of applied linguistics. Exercises distributed throughout the text encourage readers to engage interactively with what they are reading at the point when the information is fresh in their minds. Part I introduces the foundations necessary for becoming a discerning consumer. Research terminology is defined and illustrated. The thinking and process that researchers go through is explained and illustrated. The reader is shown how to find research articles through both traditional and electronic means. Part II is structured around the standard format in which components of a typical research report appear in most research journals. Issues such as research design, data collection methods, and data handling procedures, are discussed at a level that is understandable and useful to the novice consumer. "Research in Applied Linguistics: Becoming a Discerning Consumer" is designed so that it can be used as a text for courses in MATESOL/TEFL and applied linguistics programs. Course instructors will find that this book provides a strong framework in which to promote student interaction and discussion on important issues in research methodology. This book has been field tested during development and has proven to be an effective instrument for bringing people up to the level of 'discerning consumer' over a relatively short period of time.

Compares the following World Wide Web-based periodical databases, focusing on their usefulness in K-12 school libraries: EBSCO, Electric Library, Facts on File, SIRS, Wilson, and UMI. Search interfaces, display options, help screens, printing, home access, copyright restrictions, database administration, and making a decision are discussed. A chart summarizes database features. (MES)

Detailed reviews of two legal information databases--"Laborlaw I" and "Legal Resource Index"--are presented in this paper. Each database review begins with a bibliographic entry listing the title; producer; vendor; cost per hour contact time; offline print cost per citation; time period covered; frequency of updates; and size of file. A detailed discussion and assessment of each of the databases is also provided. "Laborlaw I," a comprehensive index and abstracting service for all U.S. federal and state court and administrative agency decisions pertaining to labor relations, is characterized as being a specialist's database. It is argued that the pervasive use of legal phraseology, extensive abbreviations, technical nature of the material indexed, and the complex file structure of this database make it most suitable for use in legal or academic libraries. "Legal Resource Index," a database that provides cover-to-cover indexing of 750 law reviews and bar association journals, law newspapers, and selective law-related articles appearing in standard magazine indexes, is assessed as being appropriate for the end-user as well as the information specialist. However, it is suggested that an "intended audience" field would be a useful addition, allowing the layperson or practitioner to refine search results at a desired level. (SD)

This book includes basic information to locate and compare available options for library automation based on various criteria such as hardware requirements, operating systems, components and applications, and price, and provides the necessary contact information to allow further investigation. The major part of the directory lists 211 software products for library automation; all software listed is targeted to the library marketplace, currently marketed and with installations in North America, and commercially available. Each entry includes: the name of software package, name of company distributing software, system requirements, programming language, components and applications (e.g., acquisitions, catalog, circulation), features, MARC formats and interfaces, types of libraries recommended for (e.g., corporate, public, school), barcode formats, information on current installations, published reviews and articles, price, and suppliers comments. Other sections of the publications provide information on retrospective conversion services and products, library automation consultants, database hosts, CD-ROM and portable database distributors, and 1998-99 conferences and meetings. A selected bibliography of library automation periodicals (25 titles) and publications (130 titles) and a list of Internet resources on library automation are also included. Brief information is provided about software for which it was not appropriate or possible to provide detailed information. (DLS)

This handbook is designed to assist experienced catalogers and library school students in the application of the most commonly used rules for bibliographic description, choice of access points, and form of headings in accordance with the revised Anglo-American Cataloging Rules (AACR2R). The book is intended as a supplement to the text of the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. This revised edition of the handbook has converted the cataloging examples to machine-readable (MARC) format. A general overview of MARC bibliographic format is provided in the introduction. The handbook includes the following chapters: (1) General Information; (2) Books, Pamphlets, and Printed Sheets; (3) Cartographic Materials; (4) Manuscripts (Including Manuscript Collections); (5) Music; (6) Sound Recordings; (7) Motion Pictures and Videorecordings; (8) Graphic Materials; (9) Computer Files; (10) Three-Dimensional Artifacts and Realia; (11) Microforms; (12) Serials; (13) Analysis; (14) Choice of Access Points; (15) Headings for Persons; (16) Geographic Names; (17) Headings for Corporate Bodies; and (18) Uniform Titles. An index is provided. (SWC)

This manual is written for any library planning to introduce a new or replacement automated system. It focuses on planning for an integrated system that computerizes a multiplicity of library functions using one common database. This second edition contains a new section on the preparation of a technology strategic plan, a section on developing system specifications that focuses on the "networked" quality of today's systems, an expanded section on training for staff and the public, and an augmented section on standards that covers transaction formats, nonprint formats, telecommunications, and the transfer of information, as well as bibliographic and item records. The Introduction offers an analysis of how changes in technology are impacting today's library and users' expectations. Part 1, "Creating a Basic Technology Plan," describes how to develop a library profile in preparation for automation, explains how to assess and identify institutional needs and priorities, and shows how to go about writing a technology plan. A technology assessment worksheet is provided. Part 2, "Selecting and Implementing Systems," begins with a System Implementation Checklist. Chapters in this part discuss automation options, developing system specifications, and the process of selecting a system--from preparing the request for proposal through evaluating vendor proposals to making the final decision. Postselection matters--negotiating a contract with the vendor of choice, maintaining the system, and training are also covered. Special attention is paid to meeting system requirements and specifications. Part 3, "Planning System Databases," examines the steps involved in creating and maintaining the "heart" of any system: the library's machine-readable databases. Chapters cover retrospective conversion, maintaining the bibliographic database, weeding, bar coding, and MARC. The final chapter in this part discusses standards in general and identifies specific ones that are crucial to the automation endeavor. The Conclusion offers comments on the life cycle of automated systems and on the benefits of good planning for improved library services. The Appendix considers the consultant relationship--finding, selecting, and working with one. (Author/AEF)

The ever-increasing availability of electronic information resources online and on CD-ROM presents library media specialists, teachers, and students with a new set of challenges for accessing information. Electronic information resources enable access to nonlinear information, which allows searchers to explore relationships and make connections which they might not discover in traditional linear information sources. Library media specialists must be able to provide new users of electronic resources with basic search strategies that they can use easily as they move from one resource to another. This book describes four such basic search: browse searching, hypertext searching, hierarchical searching, and analytical searching. With its emphasis on resource-based teaching and student-centered learning, the book also serves as a tool to enable students to become independent users of electronic resources. Chapters include: (1) "Using Information Skills to Search Electronic Resources" (including the "Information Skills Model"); (2) "Working With Systems"; (3) "General Electronic Resources"; (4) "Electronic Catalogs"; (5) ""Electronic Periodical Databases"; and (6) "Specific Electronic Resources." Chapters three through six discuss unique features of that class of resources and also contain reproducible search strategy forms. A listing of CD-ROM publishers and a subject index are also included. (Contains 16 references.) (SWC)

This book is a baseline guide for professionals and library school students on issues that concern the selection and bibliographic control of electronic resources, from both conceptual and pragmatic standpoints. The book includes the following articles: (1) "Foreward" (Lois Mai Chan); (2) "Introduction" (Ling-yuh W. (Miko) Pattie and Bonnie Jean Cox); (3) "Selecting Electronic Resources: Developing a Local Decision-Making Matrix" (Peggy Johnson); (4) "Intellectual Access to Digital Documents: Joining Proven Principles with New Technologies" (Carol A. Mandel and Robert Wolven); (5) "Metadata for Internet Resources: The Dublin Core Metadata Elements Set and Its Mapping to USMARC" (Priscilla Caplan and Rebecca Guenther); (6) "Cataloging for Digital Libraries" (Judith M. Brugger); (7) "Selection, Access, and Control in a Library of Electronic Texts" (David M. Seaman); (8) "Control of Electronic Resources in Australia" (Giles Martin); (9) "Parallel Universes" or Meaningful Relationships: Envisioning a Future for the OPAC and the Net" (Diane I. Hillmann); (10) "Electronic Theses and Dissertations: Merging Perspectives" (Gail McMillan); (11) "CATRIONA: A Distributed, Locally-Oriented, Z39.50 OPAC-Based Approach To Cataloguing the Internet" (Dennis Nicholson and Mary Steele); (12) "Possible Solutions for Incorporating Digital Information Mediums into Traditional Library Cataloging Services" (Eric Lease Morgan); (13) "Cataloging at the Library of Congress in the Digital Age" (Beth Davis-Brown and David Williamson); and (14) "Cataloging Internet Resources: The Convergence of Libraries and Internet Resources" (Martin Dillon and Erik Jul). Includes a subject index. (Author/SWC)

Introducing cataloging students, beginning catalogers, copy catalogers, and department administrators to the principles of cataloging, classification, and indexing, this revised text provides a simple, solid foundation for standard practices of cataloging and bibliographic control in the United States and Canada. The book reviews major considerations for making decisions about cataloging, classification, shelving, and public catalogs, and examines pertinent issues regarding bibliographic services, including computerized bibliographic systems (large networks and local systems). This edition incorporates recent cataloging rule changes, MARC format integration changes, and other newly approved material. A chapter on managing the catalog department has been added, and the bibliography, chapter reading lists, and glossary have been updated and expanded. The book includes the following sections: (1) Introduction; (2) Decisions; (3) The "Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules"; (4) Description; (5) Access; (6) Subject Authorities; (7) "Sears List of Subject Headings"; (8) "Library of Congress Subject Headings"; (9) Classification Systems; (10) The Dewey Decimal Classification; (11) Library of Congress Classification; (12) Bibliographic Utilities: Large Computer-Based Networks; (13) Local Systems; (14) The MARC Formats; (15) Cataloging and Classification Policies; and (16) Managing the Cataloging Department. Appendices include a selected bibliography, glossary, additional cataloging examples, and answers to examples. Topical, name, and figure and example indices are also provided. (Author/SWC)

Describes TEPACIS, a computer-aided instruction package to train users of the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)-developed CDS/ISIS software, which is used to support the development of computerized textual databases. Discussion covers the structure of TEPACIS; development plans; hardware requirements; and software availability. (19 references) (KRN)

This flyer and kit present results of a survey conducted by the Systems and Procedures Exchange Center (SPEC) of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) about providing public services to remote users, as well as a variety of documents pertaining to services to remote users. In February 1993, a SPEC survey of 108 ARL members was answered by 75 libraries. Responses indicated increased use of remote services, including circulation services and interlibrary loan, with further increases forecasted. Documents attached to the survey results include: (1) policy statements from two libraries; (2) user guides from 14 libraries; (3) remote access patron registration documents from 3 libraries; (4) searching guides to the online book catalog from 2 libraries; (5) bibliographic database searching guides from 5 libraries; (6) circulation policies and services statements from 5 libraries; (7) interlibrary loan documents from 4 libraries; (8) library delivery systems descriptions from 6 libraries; (9) document delivery services descriptions from 2 libraries; (10) photocopy services descriptions from 2 libraries; (11) electronic reference services descriptions from 4 libraries; and (12) technical help materials from 3 libraries. A list of nine selected readings is included. (SLD)

This book is designed to assist the beginning searcher of those online systems that primarily provide information in the form of bibliographic citations. These systems also contain files in other formats that are designed to provide answers to reference-type questions. It is intended not only to provide basic "how-to" information on the use of such systems but also to raise topics on which there is not an accepted paradigm and to provide discussion of alternative points of view in a framework of previous research. Topics covered include: overview of online searching; search protocols; use of a command language; search design; controlled vocabulary searching; free-text searching; search interview; sophisticated search features and capabilities of online systems; multiple file searching; overview of citation indexes, full-text files, and reference databases; evaluation of searches; management issues; direct user access on online databases; and the Internet. (JLB)

Libraries exist for the benefit of the mind, but they have practical problems coping with the acquisition, storage, and handling of the documents and records with which they deal. Any change in technology that would have a significant effect on the methods available for these procedures could have important consequences for library service. The purpose of this book is to suggest some general bases for planning or to provide a general framework for thinking about future library services in light of changing technologies. Nine chapters address the following: (1) an introduction to the purpose of libraries, foundations of library service, types of libraries, and library users; (2) characteristics of the paper library, its strengths, its weaknesses, and attempts to remedy or compensate for the limitations of the technology of paper; (3) the automated library; (4) implications of the automation of bibliographies and of libraries' technical operations; (5) the rise of electronic documents and the nature of the electronic library; (6) consequences of the rise of the electronic library for collection development; (7) the needs and changing environment of library users; (8) management considerations; and (9) summary and conclusions related to technological change. A list of sources is appended, including electronic sources, bibliographies, reviews, specialized journals, and background material. (JLB)

The 25 articles in this book were written by librarians as a guide for reference services personnel working in two-year college libraries. Part I, The Community College Reference Mission, includes "Community College Services," by Derrie B. Roark; "Community College Librarianship: A Changing Frontier," by Marilyn Searson Lary; "Typical Is Atypical: The Community College Student," by Susan Anderson and Susanne E. Fischer; and "Availability: Information Where It Is Wanted and It Is Needed," by Al Carlson. Part II, Reference Services, includes "Reference Services and Information Literacy," by Mary Adams Loomba; "Genius Tools and Quellenforschung," by Mark Y. Herring; "Lean and Mean: Reference Service in the Small Community College," by Richard N. Shaw; "Developing the Reference Collection," by Dale Luchsinger; "Fee-Based Information Services: Serving Business/Strengthening the LRC," by Diane Grund; and "South Carolina Technical Community Colleges and Technology Transfer," by L. Gene Elliot. Part III, Computerized Reference Services, includes "A Trip Down CD-ROM Lane," by Douglas K. Lehman; "The Electronic Library's Impact on Reference Service," by V. Sue Hatfield; "Harnessing CD-ROMs and Collection Policies," by Jennie S. Boyarski; "On-line Search Services," by Wanda K. Johnston; and "On-line Computerized Bibliographic Searching," by Patricia Twilde. Part IV, Personnel, includes "Part-time Faculty: Implications for Reference Services," by Pamela A. Price; "Paraprofessionals at the Reference Desk," by Kate Donnelly Hickey; and "Reference Work and the Clerical Staff," by Stanley N. Ruckman. Part V, Bibliographic Instruction, includes "Bibliographic Instruction and Information Technologies," by Wanda K. Johnston and Joan S. Clarke; "Teaching 'Skills' and 'Content' in the Library," by Donald Ray; and "Library Instruction in an Automated Library," by Tisa M. Houck. Finally, Part VI, Collection Development, includes "Evaluation: 'Where's the Beef' in Collections?" by Camila A. Alire; "Collection Development: Look before You Leap for Those Who Hesitate Are Lost," by Karen Fischer; "The Public Services Librarian and Collection Development," by Gloria Terwilliger and others; and "Evaluating the Periodicals Collection," by W. Jeanne Gardner. (PAA)

This book addresses the problem of when a library has limited catalog access, and explores various technological methods to expand the catalog beyond its traditional boundaries. Fourteen chapters describe catalog projects in individual libraries: (1) "Enhancing Access to Information: Building Catalogs for the Future" (David A. Tyckoson); (2) "The Twenty-First Century Limited: Designing Catalogs for the Next Century" (David A. Tyckoson); (3) "Bibliographic Records Enhancement: From the Drawing Board to the Catalog Screen" (Jim Dwyer); (4) "Enhancing Access to the Library's Collections: A View from an Academic Health Center Library" (Richard O. Syracuse and Robert K. Poyer); (5) "Of Eggs and Baskets: Getting More Access Out of LC Subject Headings in an Online Environment" (William E. Studwell); (6) "Getting More Out of Call Numbers: Displaying Holdings, Locations and Circulation Status" (Irving E. Stephens); (7) "The Next Generation of Online Public Access Catalogs: A New Look at Subject Access Using Hypermedia" (Mary Micco); (8) "Remote Access: Design Implications for the Online Catalog" (Bernard G. Sloan); (9) "User Instruction for Access to Catalogs and Databases on the Internet" (Genevieve Engel); (10) "Linking Library Records to Bibliographic Databases: An Analysis of Common Data Elements in BIOSIS, Agricola, and the OPAC" (Susan Barnes and Janet McCue); (11) "Adding a Nonlibrary Campus Collection to the Library Database" (Richard Harwood); (12) "Bulk Loading of Records for Microform Sets into the Online Catalogue" (Kathy Carter, Hope Olson, and Sam Aquila); (13) "The Georgia Institute of Technology Electronic Library: Issues To Consider" (Amy Dykeman and Julia Zimmerman); and (14) "Opening Up Information Access through the Electronic Catalog" (Pat Molholt and Kathy Forsythe). (SWC)

Discusses access to Internet resources in school libraries, including the importance of evaluating content and appropriate use. The following online services that provide current factual information from legitimate resources are described: SIRS (Social Issues Resource Series), InfoTrac, EBSCO Host, SearchBank, and the Electric Library. (MES)

When DIALOG introduced DIALMAIL, its electronic mail service, online searchers were encouraged to use it as an alternative delivery method for offline prints. The new method of retrieval was considered to be fast and described in documentation and reviews as being much less expensive than online types. Performed in June 1987, this study compares the cost of retrieving online types in three DIALOG files to the cost of retrieving the same records offline using DIALMAIL. Using an IBM-PC with random access memory and an on-board Hayes Smartmodem 1200B, Smartcom II, and a Legend 1380 dot matrix printer, sample searches were conducted on ONTAP ERIC, ONTAP PsycINFO, and ONTAP MEDLINE, which are commonly searched online and which represent a range of price schedules. The PsycINFO retrieval via DIALMAIL indicated a 52% savings over DIALOG; however, retrieving ERIC and MEDLINE data via DIALMAIL costs slightly more than the online source. Overall, it is concluded that prints are not consistently less expensive than online types, and searchers are cautioned to do similar cost comparisons for the databases they use most often. (SD)

It is popular nowadays to bring techniques from bibliometrics and scientometrics into the world of digital libraries to explore mechanisms which underlie community development. In this paper we use the DBLP data to investigate the author΄s scientific career, and analyze some of the computer science communities. We compare them in terms of productivity and population stability, and use these features to compare the sets of top-ranked conferences with their lower ranked counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of major indexing and abstracting services and other available tools for bibliographic access. They include Academic Search Premier from EBSCO, Abstracts in Social Gerontology: Current Literature on Aging, AgeLine Database, Business Source Corporate, CareData, and Behavioral Medicine Abstracts.

Offers a guide to counselors in accessing and using counseling-related CD-ROM databases. Advantages of various online professional databases to counselors; Description of some counseling-related CD-ROM database programs; Guidelines for accessing online professional databases.

The article informs that anybody of literary works or studies of literature requires some form of bibliographical record if it is to be used effectively. Theodore Besterman has shown that bibliographies of manuscripts were compiled long before the invention of printing. However, there is no doubt that the vast increase in the number of books produced and the ability to disseminate them in large numbers of copies, which was the result of the introduction of printing from moveable type, greatly stimulated the production of bibliographies. The first serious attempt at a retrospective bibliography of English-language books was Andrew Maunsell's "Catalogue of English Printed Books." The Stationers' Company, whose registers have been published, recorded new books from 1554. The successive revolutions in printing techniques and paper production, which took place from 1800, were matched by ever-greater attempts by bibliographers in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to produce comprehensive records. The lure of a single comprehensive national retrospective bibliography continued to attract men like Robert Watt, who's Bibliotheca Britannica was published in 1824. In the twentieth century, however, the problems of general retrospective bibliography have been more realistically tackled by period.

This article presents information on general databases of bibliographic material. There are virtually thousands of databases of bibliographic material available for perusal. Many are available in print but increasingly they appear online. Almost every major institution of higher learning makes such a list available through both on- and off-campus access. In fact, these sources of information are often available to the public at large. It is not necessary to have faculty, staff or student status. A sample of such databases and their description includes UnCover, INFOTRAC, Congressional Universe, CommSearch, Social Sciences Citation Index, Anthropological Literature and Statistical Universe.

A list of indexing and abstracting services is presented. They include CNPIEC Reference Guide: Chinese National Directory of Foreign Periodicals, HTI Database, Injury Prevention Web, Leisure, Recreation & Tourism Abstracts, Management & Marketing Abstracts, and the New Zealand Bibliographic Database.