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Traumatic injuries to the genitourinary tract are seen in 2.2%-10.3% of patients admitted to emergency units (Brandes et al. 1995; Marekovic et al. 1997; Salvatierra et al. 1969; Tucak et al. 1995; Archbold et al. 1981). Of these injuries, between one-third and two-thirds are associated with injuries to the external genitalia (Brandes et al. 1995). Due to anatomy and prevalence of accidents, men have a higher incidence of genital trauma than women, since men have an increased exposure to violence, performance of aggressive sports and motor vehicle accidents. In addition, a worldwide increase in domestic violence has led to rising numbers of gunshot and stab wounds over the last few years (Tiguert et al. 2000; Cline et al. 1998; Jolly et al. 1994; Bertini and Corriere 1988), with as many as 35%of all gunshot wounds affecting also the external genitalia (Monga and Hellstrom 1996). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Adipogenous tissue derived stem cells (ADSC) are available in abundance in the human body and can differentiate in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors in myogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of osteogenic induced ADSC΄s (O-ADSC) on revascularization and cellular repopulization of avital cortical bone employing a vascularised bovine scaffold. Methods: An inguinal arterio-venous bundle was dissected in the groin of female white New Zealand rabbits (n = 6) and placed centrally inside an O-ADSC seeded scaffolds via a central drill hole. In the same surgical session avital cortical matrix from a donor rabbit was finally placed over this construct. Unseeded scaffolds, that were implanted and treated in the same fashion served as a controls (n = 6). To prevent external revascularization, all constructs were wrapped in silicon foil and finally implanted in the rabbits groin. Three months later, the constructs were explanted and checked for revascularization of a) the scaffold b) the surrounding cortical matrix. Histological stainings to obtain data on cell growth, cellular repopulization of the scaffold and the cortical bone, inflammation parameter were carried out. Results: O-ADSC seeded scaffolds showed a significant increase in new vessel formation in the scaffold as well as in the cortical matrix compared to unseeded scaffolds. Furthermore, new vital osteocytes as a sign of cellular repopularization inside the cortical matrix were found only in the treatment group. Conclusion: The presences of O-ADSC significantly induce neovascularisation and osteocytic repopulization of avital cortical bone matrix as opposed to unseeded scaffolds in a rabbit modell. Hence, this model might be of great value for future bone tissue engineering research and for reconstruction of large bone defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]