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This article discusses the representation of the idea of mutual bad faith in the play "Huis Clos" written by 20th century French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. The article looks at the play's characters showed the idea. It also relates the idea to the work of German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel.

This article gives an overview of a study of the late Romantic poet Charles Baudelaire published by 20th century French philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre. According to the article, the study offer some of the best and most convincing examples of Sartre's notion of bad faith. It also notes that existential psychoanalysis illustrates how fully Sartre differs from Sigmund Freud.

The article focuses on German philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche and his views on the idea of the ruler as servant. Nietzsche maintains that those commanding or leading justify their authority over their subjects by asserting that they represent a higher authority. This higher authority may be ancestors, the law, justice or even God. Nietzsche believes there is serious deception or bad faith in this as the subjects are in reality commanded and not served by their leaders.