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Southwestern Ontario has some of Canada's warmest summers and mildest, shortest winters. The winters become colder and longer as one moves north. Average temperatures are warmer in the south and cooler in the north, but bodies of water have an effect too. Lakes never heat or cool as much as the land nearby. Winds blowing off lakes cool the nearby land in summer and warm it in winter.

Manitoba experiences very cold winters, since cold air flows down from the Arctic into the province. Snowfall stays on the ground all winter. The Red River Valley is the place where spring arrives first. Summers are warm except in the north, where they remain cool. There is light rainfall mainly in the growing season.