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This volume draws together a selection of papers from YAC2018, the first meeting in the annual Year Abroad Conference series, which took place at Newcastle University in September 2018. The contributions collected here examine some of the opportunities, gains, and challenges the Year Abroad brings for both students and staff. They are presented around the five broad themes around which YAC2018 was organised: mental health, year abroad preparation, student perception of the year abroad, year abroad assessment, and employability. This volume will be of interest to academics and professional services staff involved in the preparation, administration, and management of the year abroad. [Newcastle University and the School of Modern Languages in particular provided organisational and financial support in the preparation of the event.]

This edited volume presents innovative current research in the field of Science Education. The chapter's deal with a wide variety of topics and research approaches, conducted in a range of contexts and settings. Together they make a strong contribution to knowledge on science teaching and learning. The book consists of selected presentations from the 12th European Science Education Research Association (ESERA) Conference, held in Dublin, Ireland from 21st to 25th August, 2017. The ESERA community is made up of professionals with diverse disciplinary backgrounds from natural sciences to social sciences. This diversity enables a rich understanding of cognitive and affective aspects of science teaching and learning. The studies in this book will stimulate discussion and interest in finding new ways of implementing and researching science education for the future. The twenty-two chapters in this book are presented in four parts highlighting innovative approaches to school science, emerging identities in science education, approaches to developing learning and competence progressions, and ways of enhancing science teacher education. This collection of studies showcases current research orientations in science education and is of interest to science teachers, teacher educators and science education researchers around the world with a commitment to bridging research and practice in science teaching and learning. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

HEPI's last foray into the debate on academic selection suggested grammar schools are successful in helping their poorer pupils reach highly-selective universities. In this response, a diverse set of voices use the latest evidence to challenge the idea that grammar school systems serve pupils better than comprehensive schools. This collection of essays also asks what lessons comprehensive schools might offer for the UK's highly-selective university system. Chapters in the volume include: (1) Introduction (John Furlong and Ingrid Lunt); (2) A Methodological Critique (Matt Dickson and Lindsey Macmillan); (3) Selective Secondary Education and Progression to Higher Education (Vikki Boliver and Queralt Capsada-Munsech); (4) What Do Cohort Studies Reveal about Grammar Schools, Higher Education and Social Mobility? (Alice Sullivan); (5) Rolling Forward Comprehensive Education: The Case for Including Universities (Tim Blackman); and (6) Concluding Comments (John Furlong and Ingrid Lunt).

The six articles in this issue tackle topics that relate to the role and function of numeracy in adult life. "Reading Comprehension in Written Mathematics Problems" (Sue Wareham) examines the levels of reading ability required of numeracy students and offers strategies to help students with limited reading skills. "Can Ordinary People Do Real Maths?" (Joan O'Hagan) tackles the issue of "real" math through a review of historical, philosophical, and cultural perspectives on the nature of mathematics and considers the consequences for tutors and students. "Numeracy: A Core Skill or Not?" (George Barr) reviews the place of numeracy within recently established core skills frameworks. "Sorting Out Statistics: Confessions of a Numeracy Tutor" (Sarah Oliver) considers the place of statistics in life and in the curriculum. "Learning Contracts in Higher Education: Towards Confidence in Developing Numeracy Skills" (Ian Beveridge, Gordon Weller) describes the development of numeracy support for Access (a program which attracts a lot of single parent mothers, housewives with older children, and non-mainstream groups) and higher education students at Luton College, England. "Effective Provision of Literacy and Numeracy Instruction for Long-Term Unemployed Persons" (Joy Cumming), an article that reviews the provision of employment-related courses in Australia, evaluates the features of good practice in both literacy and numeracy, and considers the most effective approaches in developing numeracy skills. (YLB)

This paper explores the value of encouraging adults in the United Kingdom to participate in learning in science through extensive consultations with practitioners in the field of science education. Data were also collected through a literature review and a brief survey to collect views regarding adults' participation in learning opportunities in science. This paper reports that the analysis confirmed the need to promote and develop additional opportunities for adult participation in education in the sciences, engineering, and technology. The following were among the nine broad suggestions for promoting more democratic access to dialogue and debate about science matters and to widen participation in related learning: (1) initiate planning for a more coherent and flexible lifelong learning curriculum responsive to communities and interest groups; (2) celebrate and promote examples of good practice encouraging adults to learn more about science for its own sake; (3) develop wider access to initial and in-service training provision in relation to science teaching; and (4) expand access to short courses in media presentation and communication for scientists and journalists. Thirty-eight specified recommendations directed toward specific agencies were also presented. The following items are appended: lists of core members of the Advisory Group on Adult Learners and Science and survey respondents; selected statistics; and a 53-item bibliography. (MN)

These proceedings contain the papers and posters of the 22nd International Conference on e-Society (ES 2024) and 20th International Conference on Mobile Learning (ML 2024), organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) in Porto, Portugal, during March 9-11, 2024. The e-Society 2024 conference aims to address the main issues of concern within the Information Society. This conference covers both the technical as well as the non-technical aspects of the Information Society. The Mobile Learning 2024 Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrate developments in the field. These events received 185 submissions from more than 25 countries. In addition to the papers' presentations, the conferences also feature two keynote presentations. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

Reflecting the changing ideological and economic perspectives of the government of the day, the expansion of higher education in England has prompted numerous reforms aimed at reshaping and restructuring the sector and its funding. Leading to student riots and sparking some of the sharpest controversies in British higher education the reforms introduced in 2012/13 are by far the most radical and those concerning higher education funding and student finances the most far-reaching. This book seeks to unpack the drivers for the reforms while locating them in a broad historical, ideological, and policy context. Informed by the vast literature and research on higher education this book brings together recognised experts including leading academics and policy analysts. Divided into two parts, the first provides history and context while the second examines particular issues and themes arising including: historical antecedents of the reforms and tuition fee policies; the distinctive characteristics of the reforms; an economic critique of the limits to marketisation and the commodification of higher education; the drivers behind social mobility and widening participation and the subsequent impact of tuition fees; the consequences of fee setting policies among institutions; the impact on part-time students; the entrance of new providers in the higher education sector; the impact on institutional autonomy and freedom; and the policy vacuum on postgraduate education and the future of research. While the reforms have attracted significant media coverage focusing on the short-term consequences of the reforms, this book goes far beyond the media headlines to identify the nature of the reforms and to understand their impact on higher education institutions, students, and society as a whole. Contents include: (1) Introduction (Claire Callender and Peter Scott); (2) Public Expenditure and Tuition Fees: The search for alternative ways to pay for higher education (Michael Shattock); (3) The Coalition Government's reform of higher education: Policy formation and political process (Peter Scott); (4) A bridge too far: An economic critique of marketization of higher education (Gareth Williams); (5) The end of mystery and the perils of explicitness (Ronald Barnett); (6) As easy as AAB: The impact of the quasi-market on institutions, student numbers and the HE sector (Gill Wyness); (7) Widening participation and social mobility (Anna Vignoles); (8) Part-time undergraduate student funding and financial support (Claire Callender); (9) Aspects of UK private Higher Education (Paul Temple); (10) Postgraduate education: Overlooked and forgotten? (Geoff Whitty and Joel Mullan); (11) Leading the British university today: Your fate in whose hands?; and (12) Conclusion (Claire Callender and Peter Scott). An index is included.

This volume contains papers submitted to the 10th Annual Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society, held in Kyustendil, Bulgaria, 12-15 June 2012. The overall goal of the 10th BCES conference is to facilitate discussion of different perspectives on international education providing a forum for scientific debate and constructive interaction in a multi cultural social environment such as Bulgaria. This is a jubilee conference. Ten might not mean too much for large scholarly societies in other countries, especially in the Western world. However, for a small society like BCES, ten means a lot. It means trust, international recognition, constant interest, well-developed academic cooperation, and the most important--it means an established conference tradition. The following papers are included in this volume: (1) Foreword: Remembering the Past--Anticipating the Future: Reflections on the BCES's Jubilee Conference (Karen L. Biraimah); (2) Editorial Preface: An Established Conference Tradition (Nikolay Popov, Charl Wolhuter, Bruno Leutwyler, Gillian Hilton, James Ogunleye, and Patrícia Albergaria Almeida; and (3) Introduction: A Framework for Understanding International Perspectives on Education (Alexander W. Wiseman). Part 1: Comparative Education & History of Education: (4) Also a door to the inside of a new house --yet another use for Comparative Education (Charl Wolhuter); (5) Structures of School Systems Worldwide: A Comparative Study (Nikolay Popov); (6) The Role of Comparative Pedagogy in the Training of Pedagogues in Serbia and Slovenia (Vera Spasenovic, Natasa Vujisic Zivkovic, and Klara Skubic Ermenc); (7) Konstantinos G. Karras & Evanthia Synodi Comparative and International Education and the teaching profession. The case of Marc-Antoine Jullien (Konstantinos G. Karras and Evanthia Synodi); (8) Comparing management models of secondary schools in Tamaulipas, Mexico: An exploration with a Delphi method (Marco Aurelio Navarro-Leal, Concepción Niño García, and Ma. Luisa Caballero Saldivar); (9) Classroom and Socialization: a case study through an action-research in Crete, Greece (Pella Calogiannakis and Theodoros Eleftherakis); (10) E-learning, State and Educational System in Middle East Countries (Hamid Rashidi, Abbas Madandar Arani, and Lida Kakia); (11) Approaches to internal testing and assessment of knowledge in relation to the pupils' achievements in national assessment of knowledge (Amalija Žakelj, Milena Ivanuš Grmek, and Franc Cankar); (12) The Stereotypes in Pupil's Self Esteem (Franc Cankar, Amalija Žakelj, and Milena Ivanuš Grmek); (13) Insecure identities: Unaccompanied minors as refugees in Hamburg (Joachim Schroeder); (14) The origins of religion as an historical conundrum: pedagogical and research methodological implications and challenges (Johannes L. van der Walt and Ferdinand J. Potgieter); (15) A brief overview of the history of education in Poland (Katarzyna Charzynska, Marta Anczewska, and Piotr Switaj); (16) "Everybody is given a chance, my boy … everybody who is willing to work for socialism": An Overview of English Textbooks in the Postwar Period in Hungary (Zsolt Dózsa); and (17) Situated literacy practices amongst artisans in the South West of Nigeria: developmental and pedagogical implications (Gordon O. Ade-Ojo, Mike Adeyeye, and F. Fagbohun). Part 2: Pre-Service and In-Service Teacher Training: (18) Constructivist Foundations of Intercultural Education: Implications for Research and Teacher Training (Bruno Leutwyler, Danijela S. Petrovic, and Carola Mantel; (19) Theory in Teacher Education: Students' views (Leonie G. Higgs); (20) Policy and practice of pre-service and in-service teacher training programmes and facilities in Nigeria (Stephen Adebanjo Oyebade); (21) Student Perceptions of the Distance Education Mode Compared with Face-to-Face Teaching in the University Distance Education Programme (Claudio Rafael Vásquez Martínez, Graciela Girón, and Antonio Ayón Bañuelos); (22) Environmental Education: From the Perspective of Scientific Knowledge for Constructivist Learning (Graciela Girón, Claudio Rafael Vásquez Martínez, Juan Sánchez López, and Antonio Ayón Bañuelos); (23) The Competencies of the Modern Teacher (Olga Nessipbayeva); and (24) Pre-service teacher action research: Concept, international trends and implications for teacher education in Turkey (Irem Kizilaslan and Bruno Leutwyler). Part 3: Education Policy, Reforms and School Leadership: (25) Changing policies changing times: initiatives in teacher education in England (Gillian L. S. Hilton); (26) Dealing with Change in Hong Kong Schools using Strategic Thinking Skills (Nicholas Sun-Keung Pang and John Pisapia); (27) Institutions' Espoused Values Perceived by Chinese Educational Leaders (Nicholas Sun-Keung Pang and Ting Wang); (28) Social Service Community Education as an area of training and participation for social development (Amelia Molina García); (29) English Language Education Policy in Colombia and Mexico (Ruth Roux); (30) Compensatory Programs in Mexico to Reduce the Educational Gap (Emma Leticia Canales Rodríguez and Tiburcio Moreno Olivos); (31) Changing times, Changing roles: FE Colleges' perceptions of their changing leadership role in contemporary UK politico-economic climate (Aaron A. R. Nwabude and Gordon Ade-Ojo); (32) Role perceptions and job stress among special education school principals: Do they differ from principals of regular schools? (Haim H. Gaziel, Yael Cohen-Azaria, and Klara Skubic Ermenc); (33) Multiculturalism: challenge or reality (Olivera Knezevic Floric and Stefan Ninkovic); (34) Privatization of higher education in Nigeria: Critical Issues (Phillips Olayide Okunola and Simeon Adebayo Oladipo); (35) Policies and initiatives: reforming teacher education in Nigeria (Martha Nkechinyere Amadi); and (36) Leadership in Educational Institutions (Esmeralda Sunko). Part 4: Higher Education, Lifelong Learning and Social Inclusion: (37) Validation of skills, knowledge and experience in lifelong learning in Europe (James Ogunleye); (38) Empowering women with domestic violence experience (Marta Anczewska, Joanna Roszczynska-Michta, Justyna Waszkiewicz, Katarzyna Charzynska, and Czeslaw Czabala); (39) Sixty Five Years of University Education in Nigeria: Some Key Cross Cutting Issues (Aloy Ejiogu and Sheidu Sule); (40) Brain Drain in Higher Education: Lost Hope or Opportunity? (George Odhiambo); (41) Searching for the Dividends of Religious Liberty: Who Benefits and Who Pays? (Donald B. Holsinger); (42) More than Mere Law: Freedom of Religion or Belief (Ellen S. Holsinger); (43) Intergenerational Learning in the Family (Sabina Jelenc Krašovec and Sonja Kump); (44) Students' Views on Important Learning Experiences--Challenges Related to Ensuring Quality of Studies (Barbara Šteh and Jana Kalin); (45) Campus life: The impact of external factors on emotional health of students (Dalena Vogel); (46) Education and Lifelong Learning in Romania--Perspectives of the Year 2020 (Veronica Adriana Popescu, Gheorghe N. Popescu, and Cristina Raluca Popescu); (47) Scientific reputation and "the golden standards": quality management system impact and the teaching-research nexus (Luminita Moraru); (48) The implementation of the Validation of Acquired Experience (VAE) in France would be a cultural revolution in higher education training? (Pascal Lafont); (49) Hilary English Transition of students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds to research led Universities (Hilary English); (50) Attitudes of Parents towards Contemporary Female Higher Education (Miss Shamaas Gul Khattak); (51) Structured Peer Mentoring: Enhancing Lifelong Learning in Pakistani Universities (Nosheen Rachel Naseem); (52) The Rise of Private Higher Education in Jamaica: Neo-liberalism at Work? (Chad O. Coates); (53) Educational Developments in the British West Indies: A Historical Overview (Chad O. Coates); (54) Focus Learning Support: Rising to Educational Challenges (Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu, Gertrude Shotte, and Queen Chioma Nworgu); (55) Distance Education in Higher Education in Latvia (Daina Vasilevska); (56) Evidence-based research study of the Russian vocational pedagogy and education motivational potential in the internationalisation projection (Oksana Chigisheva); (57) Healthy lifestyle formation within the extra-curricular activities of students at universities (Saltanat Tazhbayeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; (58) Management based organisation of school's educational process (Tursynbek Baimoldayev) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; (59) Modernization of higher education in the context of the Bologna Process in the Republic of Kazakhstan (Sanim Kozhayeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; and (60) About the problem of self-definition of personality (G. T. Hairullin and G. S. Saudabaeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]. Part 5: Learning and Teaching Styles: (61) Learning Styles and Disciplinary Fields: is there a relationship? (Patrícia Albergaria Almeida); (62) ICT competences for teachers in 21st Century--a design framework for science primary teacher education courses (Cecília Guerra, António Moreira, and Rui Marques Vieira); (63) Teacher Education in the context of international cooperation: the case of East Timor (Patrícia Albergaria Almeida, Mariana Martinho, and Betina Lopes); (64) How would Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Enhance Assessment for Learning Mathematics by the Special Education Needs Students (SENs) in Secondary Education Sector (Aaron A. R. Nwabude); (65) A gender perspective on student questioning upon the transition to Higher Education (Mariana Martinho, Patrícia Albergaria Almeida, and José Teixeira-Dias); (66) Student-Centred Learning: A Dream or Reality (Sandra Ozola); (67) Problems of development of E-Learning content in historical education on the Republic of Kazakhstan (Gabit Kapezovich ?enzhebayev, Saule Hairullovna Baidildina, and Tenlik Toktarbekovna Dalayeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; and (68) The world pedagogical idea in the context of comparison: Confucius--Al Farabi--Ibn Sina--Balasaguni (Aigerim Kosherbayeva, Kulmeskhan Abdreimova, and Asem Anuarbek) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]. A list of contributors in included. (Individual papers contain references.)

Issues in distance education at the tertiary level in Australia are addressed in three papers. The need to provide mature students with information before course attendance is discussed by Edward R. Reid-Smith in "Why Educational Advisory Services for Mature Students?" During 1982-1984, new external students at Riverina College of Advanced Education were sent a pre-course informational package that covered time management, motivation, finance, and the family. A "Returning to Study" correspondence course was also offered. E. David Meacham's paper, "Suggestions Arising from an Investigation of Distance Education in the United Kingdom," explores the relevance of external studies in the United Kingdom to educational practice at the Riverina College of Advanced Education. Information is included on external studies and industry, resource-based learning, staff development, design of learning materials, and computer-assisted learning. In "Motivation of Adults: Implications of Adult Learning Theories for Distance Education," Michael Hough considers the problem of motivating adults, with attention to: adult learning principles; needs and interests of adults; the design of adult programs; and implications for tertiary colleges and staff, particularly those involved in correspondence teaching. (SW)

This volume contains a collection of selected papers submitted to the 19th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES) held in June 2021. The 19th BCES Conference theme is "New Challenges to Education: Lessons from around the World." The book includes 40 papers written by 66 authors from 15 countries. The volume starts with an introductory piece co-authored by Zoltán Rónay and Ewelina K Niemczyk. The other 39 papers are divided into 6 parts representing the thematic sections: (1) Comparative and International Education & History of Education; (2) International Organizations and Education; (3) School Education: Policies, Innovations, Practices & Entrepreneurship; (4) Higher Education & Teacher Education and Training; (5) Law and Education; and (6) Research Education & Research Practice. The papers included in this year's conference volume outline a variety of challenges all actors in the education process (students, teachers, administrators, policy decision makers) at all levels of the education systems have recently faced. Readers can find conceptual and empirical studies, quantitative and qualitative methods, descriptive and analytical approaches, and even pessimistic and optimistic authors' views. This volume presents how novel concepts, ironical definitions, and provoking considerations are born in difficult times, when restricted life meets unrestricted spirit. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

Languages sit firmly in the skill-set of the 21st-century graduate. In an increasingly multicultural and multilingual job market, monolingual graduates are at a disadvantage: as the recent Born Global report (2016) notes, "multilingualism has now become the new normal". The contributions in this collection are imbued with this idea and they demonstrate clearly and practically how languages are an aid to global communication. The aim of this book is to provide a space to bring together expertise and good academic practice for the benefit of educators and academic audiences. The contributions in this collection will continue to inspire practitioners in the education sectors to embed employability skills into their curricula of studies, from as early as secondary school into higher education. Following a foreword (Michael Kelly), and Introduction to Languages and Employability Skills (Erika Corradini, Kate Borthwick, and Angela Gallagher-Brett), this book is divided into three sections. Section I, Languages in the Real World, contains the following papers: (1) Why Languages Make Business Sense (Raquel Fernández-Sánchez); (2) Language in the Workplace: Combining Academic Study with Work Experience (Jane Lugea); (3) Work Placements for Languages Students: A Transformative Experience (Alison Organ); (4) Intercultural Language Learning at Work: A Student-Designed Module (Marion Sadoux); (5) Independent Work Placements as a Gateway to the World of Work (Rosalba Biasini, Anke Bohm, and Marina Rabadán-Gómez); (6) Work Based Learning in Intercultural Settings: A Model in Practice (David Elvis Leeming and Maria Dolores Iglesias Mora); (7) The International Languages and Science Careers Fair: Focussing Minds and Making Connections (Natalie Orr and Matthew Birtchnell); (8) Careers Using Languages: How to Set Up a Conference for Schools (Alison Hayes); and (9) "Professional Contexts for Modern Languages": Work Experience and Academic Reflection in a Multilingual Context (Olga Gomez-Cash). Section II, The Professional Linguist, contains the following papers: (10) Career Adventures from Learning Languages (Paul Kaye); (11) The Professional Linguist: Language Skills for the Real World (Mary Murata); (12) Real Language Meets Real Business (Bill Muirhead and Sarah Schechter); (13) You're the Business--A Custom-Made Business Challenge for Modern Languages Students (Jean-Christophe Penet); (14) Plan Your Future! Career Management Skills for Students of Languages (Laurence Randall); (15) Communicating and Teaching Languages: A Module for Life (René Koglbauer, Elizabeth Andersen, and Sophie Stewart); (16) Get That Job! A Project on the German Job Application Process (Hanna Magedera-Hofhansl); and (17) How To: Preparing to Find a Job as a Spanish Teacher in the UK (Gemma Carmen Belmonte Talero). Section III, Bringing the Workplace into the Classroom, contains the following papers: (18) SOS Employability: A Support Structure for Language Students (Eleanor Quince, James Minney, Charlotte Medland, and Francesca Rock); (19) Is Developing Employability Skills Relevant to Adult Language Students? (Tita Beaven); (20) Up-Skilling through E-Collaboration (Saskia Huc-Hepher and Elsa Huertas Barros); (21) The Employability Advantage: Embedding Skills through a University-Wide Language Programme (Tiziana Cervi-Wilson and Billy Brick); (22) Spanish for Business: A Journey into Employability (Amparo Lallana and Victoria Pastor-González); (23) Learning by Teaching: Developing Transferable Skills (Sascha Stollhans); (24) Opening Doors to Teaching: Understanding the Profession (Jonas Langner and Andrea Zhok); (25) Leadership and Languages: Inspiring Young Linguists (Rachel Hawkes and Sarah Schechter); and (26) The Age of the Monolingual Has Passed: Multilingualism Is the New Normal (Bernardette Holmes). Contains an author index. (Individual papers contain references and links.)

The School of Cultures, Languages and Area Studies at the University of Nottingham hosted the fifth annual conference in the "Innovative Language Teaching at University" series. Under the heading "Enhancing participation and collaboration" the conference, organised by Cecilia Goria, Oranna Speicher and Sascha Stollhans, took place on 19 June 2015, and was attended by over 120 linguists, language teachers and language acquisition researchers from all over the world. This edited volume contains 15 selected short papers based on presentations from the conference, as well as Dr Jan Hardman's keynote address and a foreword by Prof. Zoltán Dörnyei. The following papers are included: (1) "Innovative language teaching and learning at university: enhancing participation and collaboration"--An introduction (Cecilia Goria, Oranna Speicher, and Sascha Stollhans); and (2) Opening-Up classroom discourse to promote and enhance active, collaborative and cognitively-engaging student learning experiences (Jan Hardman). Section 1: Fostering online collaboration: (3) Evaluating the effects of a "student buddy" initiative on student engagement and motivation (Anna Motzo); (4) "Show me where you study!"--An interactive project between German language students in Nottingham and St Andrews (Insa Hartung and Sandra Reisenleutner); (5) TANGO, an international collaborative bilingual e-learning project (Carmen Álvarez-Mayo); and (6) Open and anonymous peer review in a digital online environment compared in academic writing context (Salim Razi). Section 2: Exploring digital tools and online environments: (7) Students as producers and collaborators: exploring the use of padlets and videos in MFL teaching (Anna de Berg); (8) Can Facebook or wikis hook learners instead of the schoolbook? (Fakhreddine Brahmi); (9) "Become a reporter", the Four Skills News Project: applying and practising language skills using digital tools for level C1/C2 students (Hanna Magedera-Hofhansl); (10) Transmedia teaching framework: from group projects to curriculum development (James Reid and Filippo Gilardi); and (11) Overcoming navigational design in a VLE: students as agents of change (Marion Sadoux, Dorota Rzycka, Mizuho Jones, and Joaquin Lopez). Section 3: Beyond the language classroom: (12) From widening horizons to widening participation: transmitting the experience of global citizenship to the school classroom (Cathy Hampton and Ariane Demeure-Ahearne); (13) Intercultural communicative competence: creating awareness and promoting skills in the language classroom (Sandra López-Rocha); (14) Anything can happen out there: a holistic approach to field trips (Alessia Plutino); (15) The dichotomy of language and content in US and UK higher education--Implications for the development of intercultural competence and perspectives towards the target language (Elinor Parks); (16) We're all language teachers now: teaching subject discipline content through the medium of a second language (Neil Hughes); and (17) Challenges faced by Cantonese speakers in a UK university Mandarin course (Lan Lo). An author index is included. (Individual papers contain references.)

The present volume investigates the relevance of language teaching and learning in the contemporary job market, highlighting how language graduates can provide a substantial contribution to the multilingual needs of the UK. It also explores how the sudden spread of COVID-19 impacted on the acceleration of the online pedagogical shift which had already been foreseen by Jisc and developed at a higher speed than predicted. Ultimately, by looking into the forced online pivot, this volume furthers a reflection on how the 'new normal' is contributing to drive pedagogical innovation. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book. Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

This document contains three papers on professional development. "An Inquiry into the Continuing Professional Education of Information Technology Workers" (David D. Branigan) reports on a study in which the model of the critically reflective teacher was used to examine the practice of continuing education for the information technology profession. A set of assumptions about developers, instructors, and learners was formulated and analyzed for their alignment with similar concepts rooted in the literature and through interviews with developers, instructors, and learners. Finally, educational criticism and connoisseurship was used to provide a description of current practice. "The Relationship between Professional Learning and Continuing Professional Development in the UK: The Implications for a Research Design" (Jean Woodall, Stephen Gourlay) provides a critical review of theories of professionals' learning processes and the ways in which they manage their learning when in professional practice. "A Comparative Analysis of Problem-Based Approaches to Professional Development" (Margaret C. Lohman) presents the results of a literature review of the following problem-based approaches to professional development: case study; goal-based scenario; problem-based learning; and action learning. Key differences in the nature of the case problems and training strategies used in the approaches were identified and shown to result in different training outcomes. All three papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

Virtual exchange is gaining popularity in formal and non-formal education, partly as a means to internationalise the curriculum, and also to offer more sustainable and inclusive international and intercultural experiences to young people around the world. This volume brings together 19 case studies (17 in higher education and two in youth work) of virtual exchange projects in Europe and the South Mediterranean region. They span across a range of disciplines, from STEM to business, tourism, and languages, and are presented as real-life pedagogical practices that can be of interest to educators looking for ideas and inspiration. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book. Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

The Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society is now running in its thirteenth year. From its modest beginnings thirteen years ago, to its impressive size today, a tradition has been the production of a conference book, consistently launched on the first day of the conference each year. This year, Volume 13 of BCES Conference Books is published in 2 parts. Number 1 of the volume contains papers submitted to the XIII Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia, Bulgaria, 10-13 June 2015. Number 2 of the volume includes papers submitted to the III International Partner Conference of the International Research Centre (IRC) "Scientific cooperation," Rostov-on-Don, Russia. Such a partner conference has been organized as part of the BCES Conferences for the past three years. The XIII BCES Conference theme is Quality, Social Justice and Accountability in Education Worldwide. The book consists of an introductory chapter by J. P. Rossouw and 58 papers written by 91 authors that are grouped into 6 parts. Part 1: Comparative Education & History of Education contains the following: (1) The Crisis in World Education and Comparative Education (Charl Wolhuter, Konstantinos Karras & Pella Calogiannakis); (2) Torsten Husén--A Co-Founder and Chairman of IEA from 1962 to 1978 (Teodora Genova); (3) Comparing Labor Insertion of Graduates from Two Areas of Knowledge in Three Mexican Localities (Marco Aurelio Navarro Leal & Ruth Roux); (4) A (New) Discursive Framework for Dealing with the Problem of Unsafe Schools (Johannes L. van der Walt) (5) Beyond Tolerance: Educating for Religious Respect and Hospitality in Pedagogic-Multilogical Sanctuaries (Ferdinand J. Potgieter); (6) Pedagogy of Discernment, New Wine in Old Skins? A Response to Potgieter (F. J. Nieuwenhuis); (7) A Study on the Type of School during the Dawn of Modern Education in Bhutan (Takehiro Hirayama); (8) Jerusalem and Istanbul: Juxtaposing and Personifying Ancient Cities for a 21st Century Readership (Regan Treewater-Lipes); (9) The Concepts "Benchmarks and Benchmarking" Used in Education Planning: Teacher Education as Example (H. J. Steyn); (10) Understanding Policy Intentions is Critical for Successful Policy Implementation within the Technical and Vocational Education and Training College's Sector (Ntlantla Sebele); and (11) The Quality of Gymnasium Education in the Banal Croatia in the Era of Neoabsolutism (1854-1860) (Arijana Kolak Bošnjak). Part 2: Pre-Service and In-Service Teacher Training & Learning and Teaching Styles, contains the following: (12) Competence-Based Approach in the Education of Pedagogues--Comparative View (Klara Skubic Ermenc & Nataša Vujisic-Živkovic); (13) Educating Teachers for Intercultural Education (Klara Skubic Ermenc); (14) Becoming a Student: The Liminal Experience (Amanda S. Potgieter); (15) Teachers' Perceptions of and Solutions for Student School Failure (Slavica Maksic); (16) Quality through Holistic Simplicity (Johannes A. Slabbert); (17) Has the Change of Educational Paradigm Reached Every School and Every Class? (Sandra Ozola & Inga Riemere); (18) In-Service Training Programmes for Inclusive Education in Serbia--Offer and Implementation (Nataša Matovic & Vera Spasenovic); (19) Obstacles to Special Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities in Turkey (Bekir Fatih Meral); (20) Coaching Process Based on Transformative Learning Theory for Changing the Instructional Mindset of Elementary School Teachers (Milintra Kawinkamolroj, Charinee Triwaranyu & Sumlee Thongthew); and (21) Development of a Curriculum Management Process by Applying Lean Concept for Waste Elimination to Enhance Curriculum Implementation of Primary School Teacher (Nadrudee Chitrangsan, Wichai Sawekngam & Sumlee Thongthew). Part 3: Education Policy, Reforms & School Leadership contains: (22) School Led Training: An Examination of the School Direct Recent Policy Initiative in England Making Schools Leaders in the Education of Teachers (Gillian L. S. Hilton & Helen Tyler); (23) School Led Training: An Investigation into the New School Direct Initiative for Teacher Education in England, the Experiences of Trainees and Trainers (Gillian L. S. Hilton & Helen Tyler); (24) Current Situation and Reforms Making Way for Future Positive Developments in the National Education System of Bulgaria: An Overview (Teodora Genova); (25) The Quality of Early Childhood Education Curriculum Framework in the Republic of Serbia (Živka Krnjaja); (26) Evaluation of School Education in Serbia (Emina Hebib, Vera Spasenovic & Zorica Šaljic); (27) Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) Quality Standards in the Republic of Ireland and the Republic of Serbia: Two Discourses of Quality (Dragana Pavlovic Breneselovic); (28) Social Justice and Music Education: Toward a Multicultural Concept of Music Education (Snježana Dobrota); (29) Social Justice, Education and School Social Work in Turkey (Ural Nadir & Mehmet Can Aktan); (30) Government Expenditures on Education as the Percentage of GDP in the EU (Fran Galetic); (31) Teaching and Assessment Practices at the National University of Lesotho: Some Critical Comments (Tebello Tlali & Lynette Jacobs); (32) The Flexibility of the Curriculum as a Strategy for Exercising Social Justice in Public Universities (Amelia Molina, José Luis Andrade & Christian Ponce); and (33) Education as an Environmental Tool (Claudio-Rafael Vasquez-Martinez, Clara Gonzalez, Fatima Carrillo, Luis Delgado, Miguel Alvarez, Maria Morfin-Otero). Part 4: Higher Education, Lifelong Learning & Social Inclusion contains: (34) Students' and Teachers' Perceptions of a "Successful" Lifelong Learning Training Intervention--An EMILIA Project Research Report (James Ogunleye, Chris Griffiths & Peter Ryan); (35) Living with Anxiety Disorders--Unemployment as a Barrier to Social Inclusion (Julian Anczewski & Marta Anczewska); (36) Using Contact and Education as a Means of Combating the Stigma of Mental Illness: An Example of a Polish Foundation "EF Kropka" (Anna Chrostek, Janina Sonik, Joanna Krzyzanowska-Zbucka, Piotr Switaj, Izabela Nowak, Marta Anczewska); (37) Recovery-Oriented Services--the Role of Training in Transformation (Izabela Nowak, Piotr Switaj & Marta Anczewska); (38) A Virtual World Case Study --Quality, Social Justice, and Accountability in a Simulation-Based Educational Environment (Susan Stockton & Terry McNeeley); (39) Challenges and Hurdles. Examining VET Transition Systems in Different European Countries--Due to Participation of Vulnerable Groups (Maren Gag & Joachim Schroeder); (40) Social Responsibility and Envy: Multicultural Reflections (Alberto G. Canen & Ana Ivenicki); (41) Education of Students with Special Educational Needs and Their Inclusion in the Community (Gordana Stankovska, Slagana Angelkoska & Svetlana Pandiloska Grncaroska); (42) Children Voices in Research (Tijana Borovac); (43) The Interaction between Higher Education and Labour Market in Changing Economic Environment (Aija Gravite); (44) Neoliberal Values and Disability: Critical Approach to Inclusive Education (Ksenija Romstein); (45) Aging Memory is "Not" a Limiting Factor for Lifelong Learning (Dejan Lalovic & Vasilije Gvozdenovic); (46) Students' Plans for Lifelong Learning and Teaching (Marlena Plavšic & Marina Dikovic); (47) Assessment of the Implementation of the ERASMUS Programme in Turkey through the Experiences of Foreign Students Visiting Turkish HEI's (Sibel Burçer); (48) Teachers' Perceptions of Cultural Differences: Ethnocentric and Ethnorelative Worldview in School Context (Bojana M. Dimitrijevic); and (49) Tutorship and Academic Trajectories in School: Comparative Study in Two Public Universities in Mexico (Emma Leticia Canales Rodríguez & Octaviano García Robelo). Part 5: Law and Education: Legislation and Inclusive Education, Child Protection & Human Rights Education provides the following: (50) What Are the Implications of Tier 4 UK Immigration Rules and Policy for Non-EU Students? The Experiences of Students from Nigeria (Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu, Queen Chioma Nworgu & Helen Ayinde); (51) The Challenges Faced by Eastern European Students within a 16-19 Education Setting in the United Kingdom (Shade Babalola); (52) Doctoral Students' Understanding of Legal and Ethical Obligations in Conducting Education Research (Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu, Queen Chioma Nworgu, Steve Azaiki, Charles Nna Dikeh); and (53) "A Game for All Shapes and Sizes": Safeguarding Children from Sporting Mismatches (Steve Greenfield). Part 6: Research Education: Developing Globally Competent Researchers for International and Interdisciplinary Research provides: (54) Developing Educationists as Globally Competent Education Law Researchers for International Interdisciplinary Research: A South African Perspective (Johan Beckmann & Justus Prinsloo); (55) Understanding the Nature of Structures in Education: Recent Developments (Johannes L. van der Walt); (56) Developing Research Capacity through Professional Training (Lynette Jacobs); (57) Martini Qualitative Research: Shaken, Not Stirred (FJ (Jan) Nieuwenhuis); and (58) Enriching Higher Education Training through Values and Social Engagement (Gustavo Gregorutti). Individual papers contain references. [For "Quality, Social Justice and Accountability in Education Worldwide. BCES Conference Books, Volume 13, Number 2," see ED568600.]

This collection of eight papers looks at how a system of loans for lifelong learning in Great Britain and New Zealand might be positioned. It examines where such loans might work best and where they seem inappropriate. In particular, the collection assembles the available evidence about the role and impact of loans in the world of education and training to draw conclusions from that evidence about how policy might be developed. The following papers are included: "Would Loans Help Lifelong Learning?" (Mick Fletcher); "Learning Loans: The Kent and Medway Pilots" (Nicholas Fox); "Loans for Student Support in Higher Education: The UK Experience and Lessons for Further Education and Training" (Nigel Brown); "Lifelong Learning: Who Pays Learns" (Ronnie Ogler); "Some Thoughts on Career Development Loans" (Chris Quarrie); "Loans for Further Education Students: Not the Solution to the Problem" (Claire Callender); "Post-19 Adult Learning and Higher Education in England: Funding Principles and Funding Options" (Mark Corney); and "Student Loans in New Zealand" (Sharon Biggar and Darrren Butterworth). Most of the papers contain reference lists. (KC)

This document contains five papers examining the meaning and operation of leadership as a variable affecting student achievement in further education colleges in the United Kingdom. "Introduction" (Chris Horsfall) discusses school effectiveness studies' findings regarding the relationship between leadership and effective schools, distinguishes "management" from "leadership," and introduces the remaining papers. "Leadership in Further Education: A Summary Report from a Review of the Literature" (Stephen J. Sawbridge) focuses on the following topics: what the term "leadership" means; what leaders look like; what leaders do; who leaders are; and how leadership affects student outcomes. "A Shift from Management to Leadership" (Alan Hooper) examines the following topics: the shift from management to leadership; leadership competencies; and the behavior of effective change leaders. "'It All Goes Wrong in the Middle': A Reassessment of the Influence of College Structures on Middle Managers" (Loraine Powell) reports on the implications of a study of middle managers' perceptions of their role and work for extending middle managers' repertoire through management development. "Team Leaders Make a Difference in Raising Achievement!" (Chris Horsfall) describes the development of a short training course for FE managers and reports on other plans to raise student achievement through leadership development. Most papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

Three presentations are provided from Symposium 36, Knowledge Management, of the Academy of Human Resource Development (HRD) 2000 Conference Proceedings. "Corporate Knowledge Management and New Challenges for HRD" (Hunseok Oh) identifies new challenges for HRD: training and developing knowledge workers, developing managers and team leaders as knowledge coordinators, and building a knowledge-sharing culture. "The Impact of the Corporate University--Case Study Analysis of Developments in the UK" (John S. Walton, Michele C. Martin) subjects the concept and practice of corporate university to a critical review through analysis of five organizations. It tests whether the model can support subsequent in-depth primary and comparative analysis and explain similarities and differences between UK and United States approaches. It also evaluates what corporate universities offer that is distinctive from previous in-house training/HRD provision and justifies the appellation "university.""Integrating Knowledge Management into HRD To Improve the Expatriation Process" (Teresa M. Palmer, Iris I. Varner) explores the application of knowledge management to the process of expatriation, using the Palmer & Varner Organizational Decision Making Model for International Staffing, and argues systematic knowledge management may hold the key for improving the success rate. The papers contain reference sections. (YLB)

This document contains 7 papers that evolved from 44 case studies of access to vocational guidance for people at risk of social exclusion in 5 European countries. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Pamela Clayton); "Access to Vocational Guidance in Italy" (Silvana Greco, Marco Maiello); "Access to Vocational Guidance in Ireland" (Mary Ward, Elmer Kelly); "Access to Vocational Guidance in the United Kingdom" (Pamela Clayton, Paul McGill); "Access to Vocational Guidance in Finland" (Eija Makela, Johanna Hulkko); "Access to Vocational Guidance in the Czech Republic" (Robert Troska, Vavrinec Fojcik, D. Machackova, Lenka Sinorova, Miroslav Kostka, Pamela Clayton); and "Conclusions" (Pamela Clayton). The following are among the topics discussed: the problem of social exclusion; the role of lifelong learning and vocational guidance and counseling in preventing social exclusion; barriers to vocational guidance and what can be done to eliminate them; and educational and labor market policies favoring adult groups at risk of social exclusion. Each report also includes case studies and country-specific recommendations. The bibliography contains 305 references. Appended are the following: lists of case study locations and the case studies by target group; interview schedules; and list of 77 useful Web sites. (MN)

This publication contains workshop papers which discuss the link between the labor market and vocational training. Part I provides an overview of the workshop--its objectives, issues, and conclusions. Part II consists of seven country papers. "Labour Market Information (LMI) and Vocational Training Decision-Making in Hungary" (Lazar) outlines types of LMI to help vocational education and training (VET) planning and problems concerning LMI and its use for VET decision-making. "Labour Market Needs in Adult Training Programmes in Hungary" (Fodor) discusses the labor market training system and developing company-specific training programs. "Regional Employment and Training Observatory in France" (Guegnard, Perrier-Cornet) focuses on the observatory in Burgundy, an inter-institutional network. "New Methods for Linking VET with the Labour Market in Poland: The Results of a Pilot Application" (Kabaj) focuses on two methods: monitoring of shortage and surplus occupations and tripartite training agreements. "The Future of Skills and Work: Trends and Forecasts in Germany" (Tessaring) concludes that structural change in industry and society is accompanied by a major increase in the qualification requirements of the workforce. "Challenges of Incorporating Labour Market Requirements in the Vocational Training System: Slovenia" (Kramberger) provides a summary of broader processes that influence reform attempts to improve the VET system. "Linking Labour Market Analysis and Vocational Training in the United Kingdom" (Edgell) covers the sort of analysis undertaken at the national level. Part III has four discussion papers. "The Identification of Relevant LMI for VET" (Meijers) elaborates on the need for LMI in an industrial society and describes a new qualification model. "Labour Market Forecasts on Behalf of the VET System" (de Grip) focuses on the kind of LMI required to improve the transparency of the labor market and reestablish coordination between the labor market and VET system in the former centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe. "Qualitative Information for Curriculum Development" (Dybowski) discusses ways to ensure that curricula remain up-to-date. "Linking Labour Market Analysis to Vocational Training Decision-Making: Dynamics and Mechanisms" (Mozdzenska-Mrozek) presents emerging links between VET and the labor market, institutions collecting and shaping information on the labor market situation in Poland, and VET reform in Poland. Contributor notes are appended. (YLB)

This book presents 13 papers which address human resource management in universities and colleges of further education in the United Kingdom. A list of abbreviations precedes the papers. The papers are: (1) "Setting the Scene" (Elaine Crosthwaite and David Warner); (2) "Managing Change" (David House and David Watson); (3) "Developing a Human Resource Strategy" (Elizabeth Lanchbery); (4) "Managing Diversity" (Rebecca Nestor); (5) "The Learning Organization" (Jennifer Tann); (6) "Effective Communication" (Jo Andrews); (7) "Managing and Rewarding Performance" (David Bright and Bill Williamson); (8) "Executive Recruitment" (Diana Ellis); (9) "Essential Employment Law" (Geoffrey Mead); (10) "Making Educational Institutions Safer and Healthier" (Patricia Leighton); (11) "Developing Managers" (Elizabeth Walker); (12) "Industrial Relations Strategies and Tactics" (Roger Ward); and (13) "Managing Information" (John McManus and Emily Crowley). (A bibliography contains approximately 150 references.) (DB)

These nine papers from a conference of the International Research Network for Training and Development focus on occupational classification, standards, and certification. "Introduction" (Joao Oliveria) presents synopses with highlights from the papers. Part I offers an overview of recent developments in the United States in "Occupational Standards and Certification: Past-Current-Future Trends in the United States" (David Fretwell, Sandra Pritz); Canada in "The Delimitation and Certification of Occupations in Canada" (David N. Wilson); and France, Germany, and the United Kingdom in "Industrial Certification: Lessons from Europe" (W. G. McDerment). The papers highlight issues of delimitation and certification, the role of governments, and the weight of social traditions and institutional forms in shaping new solutions. Part II allows the reader to compare how three countries--the United States, Ireland, and the Netherlands--converge on the essentials while maintaining their own ways of going about the business of occupational delimitation in "An Examination of the Work of Purchasing Managers in the United States Using Job Comparative Techniques" (Eugene W. Muller); "The Development and Implementation of National Vocational Qualifications in Purchasing: Some Issues of Validity and Value" (Andrew Erridge); and "Job Profiles of Purchasing Professionals" (M. Mulder, M. Bellemakers). Part III highlights three emerging issues. "Basic Skills: An Approach to Occupational Classification" (Joao Oliveira) suggests ways in which basic skills may form a conceptual foundation to occupational delimitation, standard setting, and certification. "A Converging System? Explaining Difference in the Academic and Vocational Tracks in England and Wales" (Tim Oates) characterizes factors that affect convergence and divergence in the academic and vocational pathways in the education and training system. "Occupational Standards and Business Ethics" (Judith Marquand) introduces an empirical and conceptual framework for addressing ethical considerations related to occupational standards and certification. (YLB)

"Education Policy and Equal Education Opportunities," published by the Open Society Education Support Program, examines the role of public education in addressing a wide variety of unequal educational opportunities found across the world. The publication brings together analyses from countries in Europe and Asia (Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Ireland, Mongolia, Montenegro, Nepal, Turkey, and United Kingdom) that examine the fundamental question of how public education policies are either mediating or reinforcing unequal education opportunities. "Education Policy and Equal Education Opportunities" focuses on key areas that are shaping the debates and issues of contemporary inclusive education policy: educational equity; education politics, policy, and governance; financing educational services; and creating educational opportunities for marginalized groups such as the Roma. By presenting this set of papers, the publication aims to provide fresh insights about educational inclusion and how it can enhance equal education opportunity.

This annotated bibliography documents the wealth of scholarship on gender and higher education in the Commonwealth, particularly in low-income countries. It contains the texts that do not reach the public domain, including conference papers, seminar papers and MA and doctoral theses. The aim is to present as full a picture as possible of issues, debates and concerns that have arisen over the past ten years. The bibliography originated in the Gender Equity in Commonwealth Higher Education Research Project. While there is literature on girls and education in low-income countries, there is little material published about women's experiences of higher education, despite the research on gender equity in higher education across the Commonwealth. "Researching Women" addresses this lack by describing the location and reviewing the content of writing from Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Australasia and the UK. As such, it should be a valuable resource for gender scholars who are interested in international patterns and interventions for gender equity in higher education.

This book contains 16 papers on learner support in distance education in an international context. The following papers are included: "Constructivism or Confucianism? We Have the Technology, Now What Shall We Do With It?" (Louise Aylward); "Exploring Informal Study Groups in a South African Teacher Education Programme" (Carol Bertram); "Supporting the Masses? Learner Perceptions of a South African ODL (open and distance learning) Programme" (Norma Corry, Tony Lelliot); "Addressing the Learning Skills Needs of Students at a Distance: A Dual Medium Approach" (Margaret Johnson, Clive Barrett); "Supporting the Student in New Teaching and Learning Environments" (Brian Kenworthy); "The Importance of the Tutor in Open and Distance Learning" (Helen Lentell); "Remembering Our Common Work: Institutional Support for Open Learning" (Alan Mandell, Lee Herman); "On-line Learning and Supporting Students: New Possibilities" (Robin Mason); "The Centrality of Learner Support in Open and Distance Learning: A Paradigm Shift in Thinking" (Roger Mills); "Distance Higher Education and Library Services in Japan" (Chieko Mizoue); "Changing Entrenched Learner Support Systems: Vision and Reality" (Evelyn Pulane Nonyongo); "Lost and Found: Open Learning Outside the Doors of Academe" (Jennifer O'Rourke); "Challenges in Adjusting to New Technology in Supporting Learners in Developing Countries" (Jason Pennells); "Delivering Learner Support On-line: Does the Medium Affect the Message?" (Marion Phillips); "Rethinking Learner Support in the Open University UK; A Case Study" (Alan Tait); and"Collaborative On-line Learning: Transforming Learner Support and Course Design" (Mary Thorpe). All papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This document consists of 32 papers presenting Hong Kong practitioners' perspectives on lifelong learning. The following papers are included: "Lifelong Learning" (Albert Tuijnman); "Growth and Development of Lifelong Learning in Hong Kong " (John Cribbin); "Competition and Collaboration" (John Cribbin); "A Profile of Hong Kong Adult Learners" (Shir-ming Shen, Wai-choi Lee, Fung-ting Chan); "Learning Cultures and Learning Styles" (Peter Kennedy); "Learners in Hong Kong, Malaysia, and the UK" (Katharine Venter); "Continuing Education in Hong Kong" (Peter Kennedy); "HKU SPACE (The University of Hong Kong School of Professional and Continuing Education)" (Enoch Young); "Quality Assurance in Lifelong Learning" (John Cribbin); "Gender Learning" (Jesucita Sodusta); "Recreation and Sports Management" (Elizabeth Dendle); "Continuing Professional Development for Teachers of English" (Peter Kennedy); "Continuing Education in Translation" (Tommy Koon-ki Ho); "Librarianship" (Fung-ting Chan); "Professionalism and Programme Partnerships in Housing Management" (Tsz-man Kwong); "Continuing Legal Education in Hong Kong" (Michael Fisher); "Reading Literature in Hong Kong" (Peter Kennedy); "Changing Modes of Professionalism in Performing Arts Education in Hong Kong" (Peter Kennedy); "Valuing Art Education" (Renee Pik-lin Chan); "Music Education in Hong Kong" (Sam Chung-fai Kan); "Lifelong Learning in Biomedical and Life Sciences" (Wilson Wai-shing Ng); "Nursing Professionals" (Moses Yui-kwong Tse, Gemma Kam-chu Wong); "Chinese Professional Education" (Benjamin Tak-yuen Chan, Sarah Siu-chun Hui); "Lifelong Learning and Business Education in Hong Kong" (Jennifer Glok-hong Ng, Flora Kit-ching Chan); "Access Opportunities in Accountancy" (David Lam, John Cribbin); "Higher Education and the Learning Society" (Peter Jarvis); "Towards the Convergence of Higher and Continuing Education (for Lifelong Learning) in Hong Kong" (Peter Kennedy); "The Hong Kong Vocational Training System at the Crossroads" (David Ashton); "Lifelong Learning in the Context of Organizational Competitiveness" (Arwen Raddon, Johnny Sung); "Net Gains?" (Peter Kennedy); "Intellectual Property Rights and the Legal Challenges of e-Learning" (Gabriela Kennedy); and "Crossing Borders" (John Cribbin). Many papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains 19 papers on 20th century thinkers in adult and continuing education. The book is arranged in four parts as follows: early 20th century English thinkers; early 20th century American thinkers; theorists of adult and continuing education; and theorists of adult education and social change. The following papers are included: "Introduction: Adult Education--An Ideal for Modernity?" (Peter Jarvis); "Albert Mansbridge" (David Alfred); "Basil Yeaxlee and the Origins of Lifelong Education" (Angela Cross-Durrant); "R. H. Tawney--Patron Saint of Adult Education" (Barry Elsey); "John Dewey and Lifelong Education" (Angela Cross-Durrant); "E. L. Thorndike" (W. A. Smith); "Eduard Lindeman" (Stephen Brookfield); "Robert Peers" (Stella Parker); "Cyril O. Houle" (William S. Griffith [updated by Peter Jarvis]); "Malcolm S. Knowles" (Peter Jarvis); "Roby Kidd--Intellectual Voyager" (Alan M. Thomas); "K. Patricia Cross" (Carol E. Kasworm); "Chris Argyris--The Reluctant Adult Educator" (Karen E. Watkins and Jacqueline A. Wilson); "Donald Schon" (Ron Cervero); "Moses Coady and Antigonish" (John M. Crane); "Horton of Highlander" (John M. Peters and Brenda Bell); "Paulo Freire" (Peter Jarvis); "Ettore Gelpi" (Colin Griffin); "Women in Adult Education--Second Rate or Second Class?" (Mal Leicester); and "Conclusion: Adult Education at the End of the Twentieth-Century" (Peter Jarvis). (All papers include substantial bibliographies.) (MN)

This book contains 19 papers examining innovation in open and distance learning through development of online and World Wide Web-based learning. The following papers are included: "Innovation in Distributed Learning: Creating the Environment" (Fred Lockwood); "Innovation in Open and Distance Learning: Some Lessons from Experience and Research" (Bernadette Robinson); "The Influence of Teacher Beliefs on Flexible Learning Innovation in Traditional University Settings" (Edward Peter Errington); "Promoting Innovation and Change in a 'Traditional' University Setting" (Claire McLachlan-Smith, Cathy Gunn); "Making a Virtue of Necessity--Low-Cost, Comprehensive Online Teaching and Learning Environment" (Bruce King); "Experimenting in Lotus LearningSpace" (Sheila Tyler, Mike Green, Claire Simpson); "Generic Structures for Online Teaching and Learning" (Lindsay Hewson, Chris Hughes); "Selecting an Integrated Electronic Learning Environment" (Alistair Inglis); "Flexible Toolboxes: A Solution for Developing Online Resources?" (Ron Oliver, Stephen Towers, Peter Skippington, Yvonne Brunetto, Rod Farr-Wharton, Ann Gooley); "Lifelong Learning: Generating New Learning Opportunities" (Anne Gooley, Peter Skippington, Stephen Towers); "Campus Re-engineering" (Stephen Brown); "Student Recruitment and Retention in a Self-Financing University" (Danny S.N. Wong, Todd C.Y. Ng); "Using Networking Tools to Support Online Learning" (Ron Oliver, Catherine McLoughlin); "Mentoring in Open and Distance Learning" (Chris Morgan, Andre Smit); "Changing the Pattern: Towards Flexible Learning, Learner Support and Mentoring" (Santosh Panda, Tapan Jena); "Innovations in Online Assessment" (Chris Morgan, Meg O'Reilly); "VESOL [Video Auto-Editing System for Open Learning]: Cost-Effective Video Production to Support Distance Learners" (Patrick McGhee, Christopher O'Hagan); "Supporting Effective Reading of Pictorial Materials in Visually Oriented Learning Environments" (Ric Lowe); and "Professional Development in Distance Education--A Successful Experiment and Future Directions" (Ulrich Bernath, Eugene Rubin). Some papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains eight papers on adult learning and literacy. "The Year 1998 in Review" (Fran Tracy-Mumford) examines educational legislation and policy and developments in adult education program development, program accountability, strategic alliances and partnerships, and instructional methodologies and technologies. "Lessons from 'Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children for Adult Learning and Literacy'" (Catherine E. Snow, John Strucker) examines recent findings of research on reading development. The pros and cons of admitting high school dropouts to adult literacy programs are weighed in "Youth in Adult Literacy Education Programs" (Elisabeth Hayes). "Adult Literacy and Postsecondary Education Students: Overlapping Populations and Learning Trajectories" (Stephen Reder) examines provision of literacy education in light of increasing economic demands for postsecondary credentials. The literacy levels required to read medical literature and informed consent documents are discussed in "Health and Literacy: A Review of Medical and Public Health Literature" (Rima E. Rudd, Barbara A. Moeykens, Tayla C. Colton). Assessment of outcomes and learner outcomes in English for speakers of other languages (ESOL) programs is explored in "Perspectives on Assessment in Adult ESOL Instruction" (Carol H. Van Duzer, Robert Berdan). "Adult Learning and Literacy in the United Kingdom" (Mary Hamilton, Juliet Merrifield) describes the United Kingdom's adult literacy system. The growing use of computers in literacy education is the subject of "Using Electronic Technology in Adult Literacy Education" (David J. Rosen). "Resources on the Use of Electronic Technology in Adult Literacy Education" (Jeff Carter, Lou Wollrab) is an annotated bibliography of 26 publications and Web sites devoted to adult literacy. Thirty tables/figures/exhibits are included. All papers contain substantial bibliographies. (MN) [Full text of individual chapters are available in ERIC, ED508703-ED508711, under auspices of the copublisher, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.]

This book, which is designed primarily for undergraduate and graduate students of education, contains 12 papers devoted the New Labour's policies for schools in the United Kingdom. "Introduction" (Jim Docking) presents an overview of the book's contents and lists questions to help evaluate the effectiveness of New Labour's educational policies. "What Is the Problem?" (Jim Docking) examines the background to the standards debate and the government's rationale for increasing investment in education and intervention to raise standards. "What Is the Solution? An Overview of National Policies for Schools, 1979-99" (Jim Docking) recaps successive governments' policies to raise standards. "Target Setting, Inspection and Assessment" (Derek Shaw) explains how standards are monitored and considers problems of benchmarking. "Curriculum Initiatives" (Jim Docking) reviews national programs to raise standards in literacy, numeracy, and information and communication technology. "The Revised National Curriculum" (Jim Docking) traces the curriculum's development. "Early Years Education" (Peter Jackson) explores issues and developments in early years education. "Special Educational Needs and Inclusion" (Ron Letch) discusses the drive to place more special needs children in mainstream schools. "14-19 and Lifelong Learning" (Roger Marples) examines the complexities of provision for learners aged 14-19 and the policy to improve provisions for of lifelong learning. "The Teaching Profession" (Graham Welch, Pat Mahony) looks at policies for reforming the teaching profession. "The Role of Local Education Authorities" (Ron Letch) focuses on the changing role of local education authorities. "Choice, Diversity and Partnerships" (Peter Jackson) outlines New Labour's policies regarding choice, diversity, and development of partnerships. "Disengagement, Truancy and Exclusion" (Jane Lovey) is devoted to New Labour's policies to arrest pupil disengagement and reduce the incidence of truancy and exclusion. All papers contain substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains 22 papers that are designed to situate research and practice in adults learning mathematics within the wider field of lifelong learning and lifelong education. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Diana Coben, Gail E. FitzSimons, John O'Donoghue); "Review of Research on Adults Learning Mathematics" (Diana Coben); "Section I: Perspectives on Research on Adults Learning Mathematics" (Gail E. FitzSimmons, Gail L. Godden); "Mathematics or Common Sense? Researching 'Invisible' Mathematics through Adults' Mathematics Life Histories" (Diana Coben); "Researching Adults' Knowledge through Piagetian Clinical Exploration--The Case of Domestic Work" (Juan Carlos Llorente); "Understanding Their Thinking: The Tension Between the Cognitive and the Affective" (Janet Duffin, Adrian Simpson); "Section II: Adults, Mathematics, Culture, and Society" (John O'Donoghue); "Mathematics: Certainty in an Uncertain World?" (Roseanne Benn); "Ethnomathematics and Political Struggles" (Gelsa Knijnik); "Statistical Literacy: Conceptual and Instructional Issues" (Iddo Gal); "The Roles of Feelings and Logic and Their Interaction in the Solution of Everyday Problems" (Dhamma Colwell); "Section III: Adults, Mathematics and Work" (Gail E. FitzSimons); "Women, Mathematics and Work" (Mary Harris); "Technology, Competences, and Mathematics" (Tine Wedege); "Mathematics and the Vocational Education and Training System" (Gail E. FitzSimons); "Section IV: Perspectives in Teaching Adults Mathematics" (John O'Donoghue); "Algebra for Adult Students: The Student Voices" (Katherine Safford); "Exploration and Modelling in a University Mathematics Course: Perceptions of Adult Students" (Barbara J. Miller-Reilly); "Assessing Numeracy" (John O'Donoghue); "Adult Mathematics and Everyday Life: Building Bridges and Facilitating Learning 'Transfer'" (Jeff Evans); "Teaching 'Not Less Than Maths, but More': An Overview of Recent Developments in Adult Numeracy Teacher Development in England--With a Sidelong Glance at Australia" (Diana Coben, Noyona Chanda); and "Postscript: Some Thoughts on Paulo Freire's Legacy for Adults Learning Mathematics" (Diana Coben). Most papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains 16 papers in four parts. After an introduction, "Educational Reforms and Equal Educational Opportunities Programmes" (Sheila Riddell and Jane Salisbury), Part 1, "Gender and Educational Reforms: The U.K. and European Context," includes: (1) "Gender Equality and Schooling, Education Policy-Making and Feminist Research in England and Wales in the 1990s" (Miriam David, Gaby Weiner, and Madeline Arnot); (2) "Equal Opportunities and Educational Reform in Scotland: The Limits of Liberalism" (Sheila Riddell); (3) "Beyond One Border: Educational Reforms and Gender Equality in Welsh Schools" (Jane Salisbury); (4) "Gender, Educational Reform and Equality in Northern Ireland" (Anthony M. Gallagher, Robert J. Cormack, and Robert D. Osborne); and (5) "Mainstreaming European'Equal Opportunities': Marginalising U.K. Training for Women" (Jacky Brine). Part 2, "Structures and Processes in Schools and Classrooms," includes: (6) "Gender and National Curricula" (Linda Croxford); (7) "Equity, Assessment and Gender" (Patricia Murphy); (8) "Gender in the Classrooms of More and Less 'Effective' Schools" (Jill Duffield); and (9) "All Change, No Change: Gendered Regimes in the Post-Sixteen Setting" (Sheila MacRae and Meg Maguire). Part 3, "Delegation and the New Managerialism," includes: (10) "Gendered Governance: Education Reform and Lay Involvement in the Local Management of Schools" (Rosemary Deem); (11) "Women Head Teachers in Northern Ireland" (Teresa Rees, Philip Heaton, and Lyn McBriar); and (12) "Teacher Education Policy and Gender" (Pat Mahony). Part 4, "Groups at the Margin," includes: (13) "Gender Equality, the 'Learning Society' Policies and Community Education" (Lyn Tett); (14) "Gender and Exclusion from School" (Gwynedd Lloyd); (15) "Caring, Consuming and Choosing: Parental Choice Policy for Mothers of Children with Special Educational Needs" (Heather Wilkinson); and (16) "Class, Race and Collective Action" (Carol Vincent and Simon Warren). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This document contains 11 papers about the potential for progressive educational practice in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. "Editorial" (Mae Shaw, Jane Thompson, Liam Bane) discusses the tradition of common purpose in education and the need to tackle social exclusion, educate for active citizenship, and promote lifelong learning and adult and community education. "Returning to the Northern City" (Jane Thompson) discusses current social, economic, and political conditions in the working class neighborhood where she grew up in Northern England. "Contesting Citizenship" (Ian Martin) explores competing traditions of citizenship, learning democracy, linking the local and the global, and stretching the policy discourse. "Making Connections" (Ursula Coleman) considers the nature and purpose of adult education in the Irish context during the first decade of the 21st century. "Learning for Active Citizenship" (Jane Pillinger) explains how growing concerns about the demise of democratic participation in political and civil life has led to new adult education initiatives across Europe. "The Emancipation of Hope" (Paul Nolan) focuses on adult learning and peace building in Northern Ireland and considers the issues of learning and unlearning, community, workplace, and women's groups. "Scotland's Parliament, Civil Society, and Popular Education" (Eurig Scandrett) examines community educators' response to recent constitutional changes in Scotland, with special attention to land reform, gay rights, and the ambiguity of civil society. "The POWER Story" (Margaret Martin) reports on a partnership of two women's organizations and two educational institutions in Ireland. "Inclusive Rhetoric, Exclusive Reality" (Usha Brown) considers the impact of British government policies to reduce poverty. "Reclaiming a Progressive Tradition: A View from South Africa" (Jonathan Grossman) explores changes, continuities, and challenges facing the progressive tradition in South Africa. "Popular Education and the Landless People's Movement in Brazil" (Liam Kane) traces the development of Brazil's Landless People's Movement and discusses its lessons for the United Kingdom. The Scandrett paper contains a substantial bibliography. (MN)

This document contains 13 papers on the policies, politics, and future of lifelong learning in the United Kingdom (UK) and Europe. The following papers are included: "An International and Historical Context for Recent Policy Approaches to Lifelong Learning in the UK" (Ann Hodgson); "The Vocational Training Policy of the European Commission and Its Discourse on Lifelong Learning" (Marc Ant); "Lifelong Learning and the Learning Society: Different European Models of Organization" (Andy Green); "The Challenge of Widening Participation in Lifelong Learning" (Ann Hodgson); "Paying for Lifelong Learning: Problems and Possibilities" (Gareth Williams); "Quality and Equality in Lifelong Learning: Intersections and Collisions" (Louise Morley); "Bringing Knowledge Back In: Towards a Curriculum for Lifelong Learning" (Michael Young); "Developing a National Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning: England's Unfinished Business" (Ken Spours); "The Case for a Regional Dimension to Lifelong Learning in the UK" (Simon James); "Hopes, Contradictions and Challenges: Lifelong Learning and the Further Education Sector" (Norman Lucas); "Developing Capability: Part-time Higher Education and Lifelong Learning" (Allison Fuller); "Lifelong Learning: Challenging Learning and Teaching in Higher Education" (Greg Light); and "Building a Lifelong Learning System for the Future" (Ann Hodgson, Ken Spours). All papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains 13 papers on developments in vocational education and training in Great Britain and the future of work. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Geoff Esland, Mike Flude, Sandy Sieminski); "The Roles of the State and the Social Partners in Vocational Education and Training Systems" (Andy Green); "Education Training and Economic Performance in Comparative Perspective" (David Finegold); "Vocationalism and Educational Change" (Rob Moore, Mike Hickox); "Industrial Training or New Vocationalism? Structures and Discourses" (Stephen Ball); "Contextualizing Public Policy in Vocational Education and Training: The Origins of Competence-Based Vocational Qualifications Policy in the UK" (Steve Williams, Peter Raggatt); "The Competence and Outcomes Movement: The Landscape of Research" (Inge Bates); "Reality Testing in the Workplace: Are NVQs [National Employment Qualifications]'Employment-Led'?" (John Field); "A Critique of NVQs and GNVQs [General National Vocational Qualifications]" (Alan Smithers); "Ideology and Curriculum Policy: GNVQ and Mass Postcompulsory Education in England and Wales" (Denis Gleeson, Phil Hodkinson); "The Implementation of GNVQs in Further Education: A Case Study" (Margaret Bird, Geoff Esland, Jane Greenberg, Sandy Sieminski, Karen Yarrow); "The Politics of Training in Britain: Contradictions in the TEC [Training and Enterprise Council] Initiative" (Jamie Peck); "Markets, Outcomes and the Quality of Vocational Education and Training: Some Lessons from a Youth Credits Pilot Scheme" (Phil Hodkinson, Heather Hodkinson); and"Policy and Accountability" (Lee Harvey, Peter Knight). All papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains 12 papers that trace the connections and tensions between the original aims and forms of cultural studies in Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the current settings, goals, and methodologies of cultural studies. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Nannette Aldred and Martin Ryle); "Marginal Occupations: Adult Education, Cultural Studies, and Social Renewal" (Tom Steele); "'Politics by Other Means'? Or, Teaching Cultural Studies in the Academy Is a Political Practice" (Richard Johnson); "'Relevant Provision': The Usefulness of Cultural Studies" (Martin Ryle); "The Marginalisation of Literature in the Teaching of Culture" (Angeliki Spiropoulou); "Relativism and Utopianism: Critical Theory and Cultural Studies" (Kate Soper); "Whither Cultural Studies?" (Jim McGuigan); "Teaching Queerly: Politics, Pedagogy, and Identity in Lesbian and Gay Studies" (Andy Medhurst); "Teaching Women's Studies: Whose Experience?" (Jane Elliott); "Cultural Studies and Cultural Practice: An Interview with Eddie Chambers" (Nannette Aldred); "A Postcolonial Pedagogy: Questions of Difference and the 'Ethical Horizon'" (Christina Lupton and Heiko Henkel); "The Value of Theory in Defining Culture in Northern Ireland" (David Butler); and "Education for What? The Politics of Pedagogy in Cultural Studies" (Alan O'Shea). (Many papers contain substantial references.) (MN)

These nine papers address issues in information management and information technology in higher education from a European perspective. Papers focus on information management in the context of institutional management and administration. The chapters are: (1) "General Introduction" (Edgar Frackman); (2) "From Computing Strategy to Information Strategy" (Edgar Frackmann); (3) "Financing, Budgeting, and Charging Problems Related to Information Technology in Higher Education" (Edgar Frackmann); (4) "Student-Owned Computing" (Gordon Bull); (5) "Executive Information Systems for Institutional Management in Higher Education" (Edgar Frackmann); (6) "The Changing Role of Institutional Computing Centers" (Edgar Frackmann); (7) "Implementing an Information Strategy. The Case of the Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration" (Barbara Sporn and George Miksch); (8) "The Management of a Campus Network. The Case of the University of Hong Kong" (John Dockerill); and (9) "Information Strategies: A UK Perspective" (Peter Ford). (Individual chapters contain references.) (JLS)

This book contains 15 papers written by contributors from all areas of Great Britain in further and higher education. The following papers are included: "Learning to Be Flexible" (Diana Thomas); "Managing Change: Towards a New Paradigm?" (Mac Stephenson, Timothy Lehmann); "Open Learning: Educational Opportunity or Convenient Solution to Practical Problems in Higher Education?" (Elisabeth Clark); "Staff Development for Open and Flexible Learning" (David Baume); "Moving into the Open" (Bruce Gillham); "The Development of Open Workshops: How to Make It Happen" (Jacki Proctor, Ruth Wright); "Working in Partnership" (Geoff Layer); "Open Learning for Health Service Managers" (Alison Baker, Euan Henderson); "'Motion: A Visual Database'--Learning with Interactive Video" (Gil Graham, Rod Macdonald); "Using Audio and Community Radio" (Virtue Jones); "Interactive Transmission by Satellite" (Ray Winders); "Action Learning as a Means of Helping Professionals into a New Management Role" (John Bothams); "Learning Contracts in Management Development Programmes" (George Boak); "Mixed-Mode Delivery: The Best of Both Worlds?" (Andrena Telford); and "Supporting, Assessing and Accrediting Workplace Learning" (Pauline Thorne). (MN)

This book contains the following papers on distance vocational education programs: "Vocational Education at a Distance" (Oliveira, Rumble); "An Introduction to Case Studies" (Oliveira, Rumble); "'Working on Work': Orientation on Work and the Labour Market in the Netherlands" (Bender, Bronkhorst); "Expanding Distance Learning through Technology Transfer to Employers in Colombia" (Ruiz); "The British Open College: A Flexible Response" (Innes); "Vocational Training at a Distance in Chile: Struggling to Survive" (Irigoin); "Distance-Taught Computer Education for Managers and Professional at the University of Victoria" (Muzio); "The Technician Training Scheme at the National Extension College, United Kingdom" (Morpeth, Rumble); "Banking Education in Indonesia" (Budimulia, Suparman, Romiszowski); "The Wye College External Programme and Third World Agriculture" (Bryson, Hakimian); "The National Technological University (NTU)" (Fwu et al.); "Use of Interactive Multimedia for In-company Training" (Dondi, Ricuperati); "Distance Training for Telecommunications Managers: The Telecom/Telematique International Course on Project Management" (Nettleton); "The Technical Open Polytechnic, New Zealand" (Rajasingham, Nicoll, Romiszowski); and "The Future of Vocational Education at Distance" (Oliveira, Rumble). Several papers contain substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book contains nine papers on the development of education for older adults in the United Kingdom and Canada against the background of an aging population and the challenge of lengthening life expectancy. "Foreword" (David James) presents an overview of the book's contents and underscores the importance of motivation to learning in later life. "The Education for Older Adults 'Movement': An Overview" traces developments in self-help education for older adults, including university-of-the-third-age and continuing education programs. The following are among the topics discussed in "Some Critical Implications": lifelong learning; critical theory; the functionalist paradigm; the context of old age; liberation and empowerment; hegemony; andragogy; and critical educational gerontology. "Critical and Educational Gerontology: Relationships and Future Developments" (Chris Phillipson) considers critical gerontology in relation to the crisis of old age, the issue of identity, the self in old age, and emancipation. "Changing Attitudes to Ageing" examines age-related stereotypes and strategies for changing attitudes toward aging. "Education for Older People: The Moral Dimension" (Robert Elmore) argues that access to educational gerontology should become a public policy priority. "Critical Educational Gerontology and the Imperative to Empower" (Sandra Cusack) operationalizes the concept of empowerment in the areas of leadership training and mental fitness and identifies techniques to empower older learners. "Educational and Social Gerontology: Necessary Relationships" explores the relationship between education gerontology and social gerontology. "The Debate Continues: Integrating Educational Gerontology with Lifelong Learning" (Alexandra Withnall) considers issues in the debate surrounding the philosophical and emerging theoretical approaches to educating people who are beyond working age. "Teaching and Learning in Later Life: Considerations for the Future" makes a case for further development of the theoretical basis of educational provision for older adults. The bibliography contains 207 references. (MN)

This book brings critical analysis from a number of prominent contributors to explore current vocational education provision for the 14-19 age group in the United Kingdom. Section 1, The Evolution of the Work-Related Curriculum, contains three chapters: "The Growth of the Vocational Imperative: Initiatives, Trends, and Language Games" (J. J. Wellington); "Connecting Curriculum to Work: Past Patterns, Current Initiatives, and Future Issues" (an interview with Tony Watts); and "The Importance of the Institution: The Case of the Technical and Vocational Education Initiative" (David Finegold). Section 2, Education for Employment?, consists of two chapters: "Fit for Work? Recruitment Processes and the 'Needs of Industry'" (J. J. Wellington) and "Restoring the Implicit Promise in Schooling? Observations of Compact in Action" (J. J. Wellington). Two chapters comprise Section 3 on New Technology and the Vocational Imperative: "The Technological Bandwagon: New Technology and the Drive for 'Relevance'" and "Responding to the Technological Imperative: Two Examples of the City Technology College Program in Practice" (J. J. Wellington). Section 4, Student Identity and the Work-Related Curriculum: Vocational Initiatives Make Way for a New ERA [Education Reform Act], contains three chapters: "Gender Equality in the Work-Related Curriculum: Policies and Practices in One Region" (Val Millman); "Great Accidents in History: Vocationalist Innovations, the National Curriculum, and Pupil Identity" (Maggie MacLure, Ian Stronach); and "The Rise and Fall of the Work-Related Curriculum" (Ian Jamieson). Two papers are found in Section 5, The Education-Work Relationship for the Future: "Education and the World of Work: Clarifying the Contemporary Debate" (Wilfred Carr) and "The Changing Nature of Work: Responses from Education" (William Richardson). The book ends with "Concluding Remarks: The Vocational Imperative: Which Way Now?" (J. J. Wellington). Appendixes include a glossary, education for employment chronology, and index. (YLB)

This book addresses the issue of quality in vocational education in the United Kingdom. Part 1 explores the concept of quality in relation to vocational education and discusses the managerial and industrial perspectives on quality. Included in Part 2, which examines quality in the context of students as clients, are the following articles: "Delivering Quality in Student Learning" (Barnett); "Delivering Core Skills 16-19: Implications for Quality" (Muir); and "Quality in Higher Education: The Independent Study Experience" (Hinds). Part 3 presents the perspective of employer as client in the following articles: "Promoting Quality and Economic Development: the Role of Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs)" (Bax); "Delivering Medical Laboratory Sciences: A Case Study in Consultancy" (Barry); and "Go Ahead Northern: A Case Study in Enterprise" (Hind). Presented in Part 4 are the following papers on the product control and institutional perspectives on quality: "The Theory and Practice of Course Evaluation: An Analysis of the System Introduced at Suffolk College" (Norris); "Quality Control in Distance Learning" (Guri); "The Contribution of Further Education Colleges to Delivering National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs)" (Stanton); "NVQs: Delivering Quality with a Flexible Modular Approach" (Aitken, Lilley, Wardman-Browne); and "Quality Control and the Management of Institutions" (Yorke). Part 5 discusses ways of delivering quality in vocational education. Several articles include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This book presents a blueprint for using a quality assurance-based approach to planning and developing open and distance learning (ODL) courses in the United Kingdom. The following are among the specific topics discussed: (1) typical aims of ODL (opening access to education; responding to student needs; designing self-study materials; student support; cost-effectiveness; the quality of materials and systems); (2) characteristics of ODL (enrolling in courses; broad characteristics of courses; parameters requiring refinement); (3) designing self-study materials (frameworks for study sessions and courses; making use of existing materials); (4) using media in ODL (scenarios illustrating media usage; traditional media; high-technology media; media selection); (5) student support systems (scenarios illustrating different types of student support; student support systems; selection of student support systems); (6) translating visions of what students need into reality; ensuring the quality of ultimate products; supporting creative thinking and meaningful exchange of views; (7) developing a course framework; materials, systems, and assessment strategies to be developed; (8) developing and using course outlines, core content for unit study guides, and self-study materials; (9) collecting data for quality assurance and quality control; and (10) the required level of institutional support. A wide range of tried-and-tested examples and case studies are presented throughout the book. Fifty-four figures are included. The bibliography lists 68 references. (MN)