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Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the EUROCALL society succeeded in holding the 28th EUROCALL conference, EUROCALL2020, on 20-21 August as an online, two-day gathering. The transition process required to make this happen was demanding and insightful for everyone involved, and, in many ways, a logical consequence of the core content and purpose of EUROCALL. Who would be better suited to transform an onsite conference into an online event than EUROCALL? CALL for widening participation was this year's theme. We welcomed contributions from both theoretical and practical perspectives in relation to the many forms and contexts of CALL. We particularly welcomed longitudinal studies or studies that revisited earlier studies. The academic committee accepted 300 abstracts for paper presentations, symposia, workshops, and posters under this theme; 57 short papers are published in this volume. We hope you will enjoy reading this volume, the first one to reflect a one hundred percent online EUROCALL conference/Online Gathering. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book. Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

This edited volume presents innovative current research in the field of Science Education. The chapter's deal with a wide variety of topics and research approaches, conducted in a range of contexts and settings. Together they make a strong contribution to knowledge on science teaching and learning. The book consists of selected presentations from the 12th European Science Education Research Association (ESERA) Conference, held in Dublin, Ireland from 21st to 25th August, 2017. The ESERA community is made up of professionals with diverse disciplinary backgrounds from natural sciences to social sciences. This diversity enables a rich understanding of cognitive and affective aspects of science teaching and learning. The studies in this book will stimulate discussion and interest in finding new ways of implementing and researching science education for the future. The twenty-two chapters in this book are presented in four parts highlighting innovative approaches to school science, emerging identities in science education, approaches to developing learning and competence progressions, and ways of enhancing science teacher education. This collection of studies showcases current research orientations in science education and is of interest to science teachers, teacher educators and science education researchers around the world with a commitment to bridging research and practice in science teaching and learning. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

This monograph offers papers presented at the 1998 annual meeting of the British Association for Applied Linguistics. After an introduction entitled "The Pluralisation of Literacy" (Teresa O'Brien), the papers are: (1) "National Literacy Strategies: A Debate" (Jill Bourne, Gunther Kress, Brian Street, and Alison Sealey); (2) "Literacy and Oracy Assessment in an Early Years Intervention Project" (Sheena Gardner and Pauline Rea-Dickins); (3) "The Role of Social Class and Home Literacy Practices in Literacy Proficiency in a Group of Chilean Adolescents" (John Gibbons, Elizabeth Lascar, and Maria Isabel Mizon Morales); (4) "'How Many Bumps Does a Dromedary Have?': Literacies in the EFL Classroom" (Paula Kalaja and Ann Pitkanen-Huhta); (5) "Critical Literacy as Classroom Interaction" (Catherine Wallace); (6) "Authoring in Student Academic Writing: Regulation and Desire" (Theresa Lissis); (7) "Contrastive Rhetoric: New Research Avenues" (Ulla Connor); (8) "The 1998 Reform of German Orthography" (Sally Johnson); (9) "Women's Literacy in a Rural Pakistani Community" (Shirini Zubair); (10) "Issues for a Working Agenda in Literacy" (Gunther Kress); and (11) "Label Literacy: Factors Affecting the Understanding and Assessment of Baby Food Labels" (Guy Cook and Kieran O'Halloran). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This volume presents a collection of 14 selected papers on the theme of how to use media technology to enhance language learning and teaching. Papers explore innovative ways to use existing technologies in broadband networks, the telemedia, and multimedia, while others focus on the use of the Internet. It is hoped that exploring the use of these emerging technologies will allow for the development of more flexible learning and add multidimensionality and authenticity to foreign language teaching. In order to be effective, the teacher and student must be able to successfully integrate old and new media or "omnimedia." In the first section, "The Overall Picture," the chapters are: "Effective Language Learning and the Media: A Study of Current Theories for the Exploration of Media Technology (Marie-Madeleine Kenning); "Computers as Cognitive Tools in the Language Classroom" (Dieter Wolff); "Will the Real Ed Tech Please Stand Up?" (Udo O.H. Jung). In the second section, "At the Creating End," the chapters are: "TELOS Language Learning: User Needs and Telemedia Answers" (Kurt Kohn and Angelika Rieder); "Learner Interaction and Broadband Network" (Edith Esch and R.-Liisa Cleary); "The Engima of Kaspar Hauser: A Multimedia Approach" (Gabriele Wittig-Davis and Robert Davis); "Language Comprehension and Staged Increase of Audio-Visual Support" (Joseph Boyle); and "Integrating the Internet: A Report of Work Always in Progress" (Norman Davies). In the third section, "At the User End," the chapters are: "Specialist Foreign Language Learning with Multimedia: New Learning and Teaching Dynamics" (Gabrielle Hogan-Brun and Ruth Whittle); "The WWW and Its Contribution to Foreign Language Learning" (Alison Piper and Vicky Wright); "Authority and the ESP Teacher in a Technological Age" (Peter Roe); and "Who Is in the Learning Zone: Evaluating the Impact of Italia 2000" (Robert Vanderplank and Peter Dyson). In the fourth section, "Food for Thought," the chapters are: "New Technologies: The Quest for Appropriateness" (Evelyne Namenwirth); and "Language Lab--Multimedia Lab--Future Lab" (Jurgen Froehlich). The fifth section contains as an appendix, "An International Bibliography of Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Fourth Installment" (Udo O.H. Jung). (KFT)

This book explores a set of fundamental problems in curriculum theory. It is a work from within the traditions of Bildungstheorie, human-science education theory, and Didaktik. Chapters include: (1) "Research in Education and Didactics in Germany"; (2) "Bildung: A Core Concept of German Didaktik"; (3) "General Didactics: A Theoretical Framework"; (4) "Can We (and What Can We) Learn from the History of Education?"; (5) "Content: Still in Question?"; (6) "Didactics As Construction of Content"; (7) "Throwing Dice: The Content of a Math Lesson"; (8) "The Formation of Conscience: A Lost Topic of Didaktik"; and (9) "Bild, Bildung, Weltbild." (Contains 85 references.) (ASK)

"Proceedings of International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences (ICSES) which took place on October 20-23, 2023, in Antalya, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICSES invites submissions which address the theory, research, or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The ICSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education and social sciences. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC. The month of the conference on the cover page (November) is incorrect. The correct month is October.]

This research report presents 10 papers offering views of Finnish, Swedish, British, Danish, and United States educators on teaching and teacher education. The essays are as follows: (1) "The Missing Content in Teaching: Focus on What Teachers Reflect Upon While They Are Teaching" (Mikael Alexandersson); (2) "What Is Reflection? On Reflection in the Teaching Profession and Teacher Education" (Jan Bengtsson); (3) "Curiosity, Interest, and Intrinsic Motivation: A Conceptual Analysis" (Reijo Byman); (4) "The Development of Initial Teacher Education: Insights from Research on Learning to Teach" (James Calderhead); (5) "The Role of School Practice in Teacher Education" (Juhani Hytonen); (6) "Educational Knowledge and Reality" (Jujani Jussila); (7) "The 'Deutsche Didaktik' and the American Research on Teaching" (Pertti Kansanen); (8) "Concepts of Freedom in Danish School Legislation" (Sven Erik Nordenbo); (9) "The Denial of Change in the Process of Change: Systems of Ideas and the Construction of National Evaluations" (Thomas S. Popkewitz); and (10) "Evaluation of a Prototype Teacher Enhancement Program on Science Performance Assessment" (Maria Araceli Ruiz-Primo, Richard J. Shavelson, and Gail P. Baxter). (ND)

Close to 1,100 people attended the 55th Annual Meeting of the National Reading Conference at the Intercontinental Hotel in Miami, Florida from November 30-December 3, 2005. A record number of proposals were submitted this year (548), with 392 papers, symposia, and round tables accepted. This year's conference theme was inclusiveness and synthesis of epistemologies, research design, and methods. Plenary speakers represented research paradigms such as literacy as social practice, literacy as brain functioning, and literacy as critical reflection and action. Invited symposiums consisted of representatives from across paradigms as they addressed crucial issues facing educators today. Following a preface and awards presented to Albert J. Kingston and Oscar S. Causey, the papers in this yearbook include: (1) Presidential Address: New Literacies, Reading Research, and the Challenges of Change: A Deictic Perspective (Donald J. Leu); (2) Invited Address: New Literacies, New Times: How do We Describe and Teach the Forms of Literacy Knowledge, Skills, and Values People Need for New Times? (Brian V. Street); (3) Award Address: What Does Culture Have to Do With It? (Victoria Purcell-Gates); (4) NRC Annual Review of Research: Critical Participatory Action Research and Literacy Achievement of Ethnic Minority Groups (Ernest Morrell); (5) Student Award: So That You'll Be Good Readers: ESL Teachers' Classroom Discourses about Reading (Megan Madigan Peercy); (6) Children Transact with Biography: Reader Response Styles of Elementary School Students (Mary Starrs Armstrong); (7) High-Stakes Assessment and Writing Instruction (Diane Barone); (8) Students' Experience of Dialogic Tensions in Responding to Multicultural Literature (Richard Beach, Amanda Haertling Thein, and Daryl Parks); (9) Mentoring in the Political and Cultural World of Academia: An Exploration of the Experiences of Literacy Educators (Mark Cobb, Dana L. Fox, Joyce E. Many, Mona W. Matthews, Ewylor, Gertrude Tinker Sach Yan Wang, and Faith H. Wallace); (10) Problematizing Adolescent Literacies: Four Instances, Multiple Perspectives (Mark Dressman, David O'Brien, Theresa Rogers, Gay Ivey, Phillip Wilder, Donna Alvermann, Elizabeth Moje, and Kevin Leander); (11) Working with Teachers to Change the Literacy Instruction of Latino Students in Urban Schools (Georgia Earnest Garcia, Teresa Mendez Bray, Raul A. Mora, Mariana A. Ricklefs, Joan Primeaux, Laura C. Engel, and Kimberly Garley-Erb); (12) E-literature and the Digital Engagement of Consciousness (Rebecca Luce-Kapler, Teresa Dobson, Dennis Sumara, Tammy Iftody, and Brent Davis); (13) Critical Performative Literacies: Intersections Among Identities, Social Imaginations and Discourses (Carmen L. Medina); (14) Connections Across Literacy and Science Instruction in Early Childhood Education: Interweaving Disciplines in Pre-Service Teacher Education (Karla J. Moller and Barbara Hug); (15) Tutoring: A Personal and Professional Space for Preservice Teachers to Learn about Literacy Instruction (Denise N. Morgan, Beverly Timmons, and Maria Shaheen); (16) Power in Cultural Modeling: Building on the Bilingual Language Practices of Immigrant Youth in Germany and the United States (Marjorie Faulstich Orellana and H. Julia Eksner); (17) From Pre-service to In-service: The Evolution of Literacy Teaching Practices and Beliefs in Novice Teachers (Michelle Pierce and Francesca Pomerantz); (18) Understanding the Paradoxical Relationship between Domain Specificity of In-service Literacy Teachers' Epistemological Beliefs and Their Instructional Practices (Gaoyin Qian and Liqing Tao); (19) Constructs Underlying Word Selection and Assessments Tasks in the Archival Research on Vocabulary Instruction (Judith A. Scott, Shira Lubliner, and Elfrieda H. Hiebert); (20) Teacher Scaffolding of First-Graders' Literary Understanding During Read Alouds of Fairytale Variants (Lawrence R. Sipe and Anne E. Brightman); (21) Scientific Literacy and Commercial Reading Programs: An Analysis of Text and Instructional Guidance (Martha L. Smith, Linda M. Phillips, Stephen P. Norris, Sandra L. Guilbert, and Donita M. Stange); (22) "I Want to Meet My Students Where They Are!": Preservice Teachers' Visions of Culturally Responsive Literacy Instruction (Jennifer D. Turner); (23) Redesigning Literacy Preservice Education at Four Institutions: A Three-Year Collaborative Project (Mark D. Vagle, Deborah R. Dillon, Judith Davison-Jenkins, Bonita LaDuca, and Vicki Olson); and (24) Facilitating or Limiting? The Role of Politeness in How Students Participate in an Online Classroom Discussion (Ming-Lung Yang, Yu-Jung Chen, Minseong Kim, Yi-Fan Chang, An-Chih Cheng, Yangjoo Park, Treavor Bogard, and Michelle Jordan). This publication also contains an Introduction to the 55th NRC Annual Meeting (Victoria Purcell-Gates). (Individual papers contain references.)

The nine papers included in this book are: "The Why, What and How of Educational Reform in Japan" (Roger Goodman); "Why Reform Japanese Education?" (William K. Cummings); "Destruction and Reconstruction: A Comparative Analysis of the Education Reform in Japan and Germany under the U.S. Military Occupation After World War Two" (Masako Shibata); "The Third Great Reform of the Japanese Education System: Success in the 1980s Onwards" (Christopher P. Hood); "Japanese Educational Reform: Developments and Prospects at Primary and Secondary Level" (Peter Cave); "Japanese Nationalism and the Reform of English Language Teaching" (Robert W. Aspinall); "Globalisation and the Recent Reforms in Japanese Higher Education" (Yoko Tsuruta); "Changes in Mathematics Teaching in Japan: Are They Real or Rational?" (Julia Whitburn); and "Postscript. Reflections on British Interest in Education in Japan" (David Phillips). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

These 15 papers include: (1) "Current Models and New Developments in Teacher Education in Austria" (Michael Schratz and Paul Josef Resinger); (2) "Teacher Education in Canada: Renewing Scholarly, Pedagogical, and Organizational Practices" (Therese LaFerriere, Nancy Sheehan, and Tom Russell); (3) "Current Models and New Developments in Croatian Teacher Education" (Vlasat Vizek-Vidovic and Vesna Vlahovic-Stetic); (4) "Teacher Education in England: Current Models and New Developments" (Bob Moon); (5) "Teacher Education in Finland: Current Models and New Developments" (Pertti Kansanen); (6) "Teacher Education in France: Evolution or Revolution?" (Michele Deane); (7) "Teacher Education in Germany: Current State and New Perspectives" (Ewald Terhart); (8) "Changing Approaches to Teacher Training in Hungary" (Peter Debreczeni); (9) "Teacher Education in Ireland" (Ciaran Sugrue); (10) "Teacher Education in Italy: New Trends" (Marco Enrico Todeschini); (11) "Teacher Education in the Netherlands: Changing Gears" (Marco Snoek and Douwe Wielenga); (12) "Teacher Education in Poland" (Ireneusz Bialecki); (13) "Teacher Education Reform in Romania: A Stage of Transition" (Dan Potolea and Lucian Ciolan); (14) "Institutional Approaches within Higher Education to Reform Teacher Education in Yugoslavia" (Gordana Zindovic-Vukadinovic); and (15) "A Retrospective View of the National Case Studies on Institutional Approaches to Teacher Education" (Bob Moon). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This collection of papers examines how the contexts in which language teaching occurs impact the aims and methods of language teaching. Ten papers focus on the following: "Introduction: Context and Culture in Language Teaching and Learning" (Mike Byram and Peter Grundy); "From Practice to Theory and Back Again" (Claire Kramsch); "Carrying a Baby in the Back: Teaching with an Awareness of the Cultural Construction of Language" (Randal Holme); "Autobiographical Contexts of Mono-Cultural and Bi-Cultural Students and their Significance in Foreign Language Literature Courses" (Christiane Facke); "Learning Culture by Communicating: Native-Non-Native Speaker Telephone Interactions" (Gisele Holtzer); "Exporting Methodologies: The Reflective Approach in Teacher Training" (Ana Halbach);"'We Would Have to Invent the Language We Are Supposed to Teach': The Issue of English as Lingua Franca in Language Education in Germany" (Helene Decke-Cornill); "Teaching India in the EFL-Classroom: A Cultural or Intercultural Approach?" (Reinhold Wandel); "European Communicative Integration: The Function of Foreign Language Teaching for the Development of a European Public Sphere" (Stephan Breidbach); and "Context, Culture and Construction: Research Implications of Theory Formation in Foreign Language Methodology" (Michael Wendt). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This collection of papers includes the following: "Language Issues and Language Planning in Europe" (Anthony J. Liddicoat and Karis Muller); "Language and National Identity" (Peter M. Hill); "Language Planning, Linguistic Diversity and Democracy in Europe" (Anthony J. Liddicoat); "Language Competition in European Community Institutions" (Karis Muller); "French Monopoly of the Linguistic Marketplace: A Regional Perspective" (Nicole George); "Jack Lang and Minority Languages: A Radical Change in French Linguistic Policies or More of the Same?" (Henri Jeanjean); "The Problem of English as the Lingua Franca of Scholarly Writing from a German Perspective" (Winifried Theilmann); "Croatia's Independence and the Language Politics of the 1990s" (Maja Mikula); "Doing it Our Way: Language Politics in the Clash between Istrian Regionalism and Croatian Nationalism" (Dean Vuletic); "Language and Politics in the Republika Srpska" (Andjelija Dragosavljevic). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This collection of papers explores sociocultural influences on motivation and learning across a broad range of settings and content areas. There are 16 papers in five sections. "Introduction" includes: (1) "Modern Education Needs Cross-Cultural Psychology" (Harry Triandis). Part 1, "The Motivation Context," includes: (2) "Beyond Dichotomous Characterizations of Student Learning: New Directions in Achievement Motivation Research" (Janine Bempechat and Beth A. Boulay); (3) "A Comparison of Motivational and Critical Thinking Orientations Across Ethnic Groups" (Tim Urdan and Carol Giancarlo); and (4) "The Contexts of Individual Motivational Change" (Judith MacCallum). Part 2, "The Learning Context," features: (5) "Social Representations of School Failure in Brazilian Public Schools: A Framework for Understanding and Change" (Elizabeth Gama and Denise Meyreles de Jesus); (6) "The Impact of Sociocultural Context on Future Goals and Self-Regulation" (Stephanie Brickman and Raymond Miller); and (7) "Uncovering Sociocultural Influences Leads to a Call for Personalized Learning" (Glenn Fay). Part 3, "The Family Context," includes: (8) "Perceived Parenting Success of Mothers in Japan" (Robert Strom, Shirley Strom, and Paris Strom); (9) "Fathers' Role in the School Success of Adolescents: A Singapore Study" (Ong Ai Choo and Esther Tan); and (10) "Correlates of Achievement in the United Arab Emirates: A Sociocultural Study" (Maher M. Abu-Hilal). Part 4, "The Curriculum Context," features: (11) "Engaged Reading: A Multi-Level Approach to Considering Sociocultural Factors with Diverse Learners" (Robert Rueda, Laurie Macgillivray, Lilia Monzo, and Angela Arzubiaga); (12) "Adolescent Second Language Writers in China: A Sociocultural Analysis" (Kerri-Lee Krause and Dan O'Brien); (13) "Achievement in Mathematics and Language Arts: A Comparative Study of Canadian and German Preservice Teachers' Beliefs" (Erika Kuendiger, David Kellenberger, and Siegbert Schmidt); (14) "Native American Influence on Curriculum and Instruction" (Scott Sparks); (15) "Sociocultural Context and Service Learning Inside and Outside of the University Classroom" (Valerie McKay); and (16) "Play and Learning in School: A Motivational Approach" (Ole Fredrik Lillemyr). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This collection of papers discusses issues related to education in Germany since its unification. The papers include: "The Legacy of Unification" (David Phillips); "Change and Continuity in Education After the 'Wende'" (E. J. Neather); "A Study of Teachers' Perceptions in Brandenburg 'Gesamtschulen'" (Stephanie Wilde); "Memory and Judgement: How East German Schools and Teachers Have Been Regarded in the Post-Unification Decade" (Bernhard Thomas Streitwieser); "Retraining Language Teachers in Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, 1992-96: Experiences of a British Instructor" (Karen Galtress-Horl); "The Transformation of Higher Education and Research in Eastern Germany: A Review 10 Years After the 'Wende'" (Nina Arnhold); "The 'Wissenschaftsrat' and the Investigation of Teacher Education in the Former German Democratic Republic, 1991: A Personal Account" (David Phillips); "Vocational Education and Training in Eastern Germany: Some Reasons and Explanations for Current Problems" (Hubert Ertl); and "Christian Schools and Religious Education in the New 'Bundeslander'" (Rosiland M.O. Pritchard). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This document contains papers discussing the status of aspects of mathematics education. A brief description of the establishment and operation of the Institute for the Teaching of Mathematics (IDM) is presented first. The lengthier second paper discusses the reconciliation of main aspects of mathematics teaching. The remaining five papers concern: the problem of interdisciplinary instruction, speculations about applied mathematics, a review of Bruner's theories on cognition and curriculum theory, a report on the operation of the French educational research institute (IREM) in advanced teacher training, and comments on a publication from the Soviet author Zankov. (MS)

"Experiences in Acculturation: What Is Being Learned?" is the first of two papers in this volume. It reports on a study of social representations and their development during cultural contacts conducted with beginning teachers who were studied over time and through comparison with cross-culturally competent experts with the aim of putting multiethnic education into the position of preventing and managing crosscultural conflict. Six people with at least 6 years residence in a foreign culture were recruited as experts in acculturation. Twenty monocultural German beginning teachers were chosen as novices in acculturation. Novices took an assimilationist point of view toward cultural differences, but experts appeared to have different cognitive acculturation models for minorities. After a year of teaching multicultural classes, the teachers had different views and less faith in the resolution of cultural conflicts if students were not ready to assimilate to the main culture. The second paper, "Zum Problem der psychologischen Operationalisierung des Begriffs 'Kultur': Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung der psychometrischen Eigenschaften eines Fragebogens zum Thema: 'Individualismus-Kollektiuismus'" ("On the Problem of the Psychological Operationalization of the Concept of 'Culture': Results of an Investigation into the Psychometric Characteristics of a Questionnaire on the Topic:'Individualism-Collectivism'"), explores the idea of a taxonomy of psychologically-based cultural differences being indispensable to intercultural psychological research if it is to be not merely descriptive, but also explanatory. More than 700 individuals were questioned in an attempt to operationalize the cultural dimension 'Individualism-Collectivism,' and the psychometric particularities of this dimension are examined. Because of the incompatible answers from persons with dissimilar cultural backgrounds, the usefulness of the method to understand culture, in the sense of a linear construct, is questionable. These differences are represented with an analysis of intercultural communication. (Contains 15 figures and 29 references.) (SLD)

This volume provides an overview of some of the outstanding features of the work of the Norwegian sociologist and comparative educationist, Jon Lauglo. After an introduction, "'It Ain't Necessarily So!': Theories and Observations in Jon Lauglo's World of Education and Training" (Se-Yung Lim and Klaus Schaack), essays and studies are presented in five sections. Section 1, "Teachers and Social Contexts," includes "Teachers' Social Origins, Career Commitment during University, and Occupational Attitudes"; "Upper-Secondary Teaches in Norway: Organizational Participation and its Correlates"; and "Rural Primary School Teachers as Potential Community Leaders? Contrasting Historical Cases in Western Countries." Section 2, "Technical and Vocational Education and Training," includes"Concepts of 'General Education' and 'Vocational Education' Curricula for Post-Compulsory Schooling in Western Industrialised Countries: When Shall the Twain Meet?"; "Diversified Secondary Education in Kenya: The Status of Practical Subjects and Their Uses after School" (Jon Lauglo and Anders Narman); "Technical Secondary Students in Kenya: Origins, Achievement and Destinations"; and "Vocational Training: Analysis of Policy and Modes--Case Studies of Sweden, Germany and Japan." Section 3, "Control of Education," includes "Soviet Education Policy 1917-1935: From Ideology to Bureaucratic Control"; "Populism and Education in Norway"; and "Forms of Decentralization and Their Implications for Education." Section 4, "The 'Agency' for Education and Social Capital among Immigrant Youth," includes"Working Harder to Make the Grade: Immigrant Youth in Norwegian Schools" and "Social Capital Trumping Class and Cultural Capital? Engagement with School among Immigrant Youth." Section 5, "A Case for Adult Basic Education in Developing Countries," includes "A Case for Renewed Engagement with Adult Basic Education in Africa." (Papers contain references.) (SM)

This publication contains the proceedings of the 26th annual meeting of the Far Western Philosophy of Education Society in December, 1977. Eleven papers discussing the philosophy of education are presented. In the first paper "Philosophical Analysis: Whither or Thither?" the author discusses the drive towards systems analysis and logical planning and expresses the hope that this drive will not overwhelm the striving for human justice and the development of worthy social values. The second paper "Educational- - What For?" argues that those who claim that educational philosophy is of no use are wrong. The political function of educational philosophy and an integral view are discussed in the third and fourth papers respectively. The fifth paper discusses an approach to counteract the apathy felt by all age groups toward the learning of philosophy. In the sixth paper, the author demonstrates the usefulness of educational philosophy with regards to cultural pluralism. In the seventh and eighth papers Maurice Friedman and John Dewey are discussed. The ninth paper presents Lester Frank Ward's views on eugenics and racial struggle. Accountability is the topic of the tenth paper. The publication concludes with a description of the German system of secondary education and raises questions of particular interest to American educators. (Author/RM)

This collection of papers presents essays by German scholars and practitioners writing from within the German Didaktik tradition and interpretive essays by U.S. scholars. After an introduction, "Starting a Dialogue: A Beginning Conversation between Didaktik and the Curriculum Traditions" (Stefan Hopmann and Kurt Riquarts), there are 18 chapters in 4 parts. Part 1, "Didaktik as a Reflective Practice," includes: (1) "Teaching as a Reflective Practice: What Might Didaktik Teach Curriculum?" (Ian Westbury); and (2) "German Didaktik: Models of Re-Presentation, of Intercourse, and of Experience" (Rudolf Kunzli). Part 2, "Bildung: Didaktik's Central Idea," includes: (3) "Theory of Bildung" (Wilhelm von Humboldt); (4) "On Wilhelm von Humboldt's Theory of Bildung" (Christopher Luth); and (5) "The Significance of Classical Theories of Bildung for a Contemporary Concept of Allgemeinbildung" (Wolfgang Klafki). Part 3, "Sources from the Didaktik Tradition," includes: (6) "Didaktik as a Theory of Education" (Erich Weniger); (7) "The Art of Lesson Preparation" (Heinrich Roth); (8) "Didaktik Analysis as the Core of Preparation of Instruction" (Wolfgang Klafki); (9) "Teaching to Understand: On the Concept of the Exemplary in Teaching" (Martin Wagenschein); and (10) "Content: Still in Question" (Peter Menck). Part 4, "Didaktik as Praxis," includes: (11) "Klafki's Model of Didaktik Analysis and Lesson Planning in Teacher Education" (Stefan Hopmann); (12) "Levels of Classroom Preparation" (Gotthilf Gerhard Hiller); (13) "Oral and Written Communication for Promoting Mathematical Understanding: Teaching Examples from Grade 3" (Christiane Senn-Fennell); (14) "Reflecting as a Didaktik Construction: Speaking about Mathematics in the Mathematics Classroom" (Michael Neubrand); (15) "Aspects of Simplification in Mathematics Teaching" (Arnold Kirsch); (16) "The Law of Free Fall as an 'Exemplary Theme' for the Mathematicizability of Certain Natural Processes" (Martin Wagenschein); (17) "Open Experimenting: A Framework for Structuring Science Teaching and Learning" (Peter Reinhold); and (18) "Klafki's Didaktik Analysis as a Conceptual Framework for Research on Teaching" (Sigrun Gudmundsdottir, Anne Reinertsen, and Nils P. Nordtomme). (SM)

A collection of papers discusses preservice teacher education in Belgium, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, Greece, Italy, Ireland, Netherlands, Finland, and the United States, focusing on teacher professionalization and noting the politics of education in each country. (SM)

The Federal Republic of Germany has identified the conservation and the protection of the environment as a major challenge of the 1990s. Environmental education is further identified as an important part of anticipatory environmental policy. The document is separated into two parts. The first part presents the aims, content, and organizational forms of environmental education in the Federal Republic of Germany as described in the nine documents. The documents cover topics involving: the white paper on environmental education; the statement by the Ministers of Education of the Lander in the Federal Republic of Germany on the role of schools in environmental education; the incorporation of environmental matters into the educational system; the recommendation of the Central Committee of the Federal Institute of Vocational Training for Environmental Protection in Vocational Training; a resolution of the European Community Council on Environmental Education; a report by the Federal Republic of Germany on the implementation of the resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Education Meeting within the Council of the European Communities on Environmental Education; the reply by State Secretary Dr. Fritz Schaumann to the question put by Torsten Worfgramm; extracts from the final report submitted by the Study Commission on 'Future Education Policy-Education 2000'; and the statement by Federal Minister of Education and Science, Jurgen W. Mollemann on Environmental Education. The second part contains a summary of pilot schemes and research and development projects on environmental education supported with Federal government money. The projects are presented in six sections involving environmental education as it relates to young people, vocational training, academic training, further education and guidance, the new German Lander, and international organizations. Appendices contain a chronology of environmental education in Germany, and publications on environmental education supported with Federal money. (MDH)

The place education has been assigned in the national development programs of 10 nations is discussed, the problems that these countries have encountered in managing education are examined, and the measures adopted to solve educational problems are assessed. Included are the following papers: (1) "The Nature of National Development Planning" (R. M. Thomas); (2) "The Soviet Union" (R. L. Raby); (3) "The German Democratic Republic" (S. M. Shafer); (4) "Pakistan" (N. Jalil and N. F. McGinn); (5) "Egypt" (A. A. Elmallah and K. Gezi); (6) "The People's Republic of China" (J. Chuang and R. M. Thomas); (7) "South Korea" (H. W. Soh); (8) "Indonesia" (R. M. Thomas); (9) "Papua New Guinea" (M. Bray); (10) "Tanzania" (R. M. Thomas); (11) "Zaire" (B. A. Yates); and (12) "Lessons Learned" (R. M. Thomas). There are 286 references. (SLD)

This British collection of essays on intensive second language instruction is divided into four groups. A section on intensive courses outside Britain includes: "Intensive Courses in a German Youth Hostel"; "Intensive German from an Austrian Perspective: An LEA Initiative"; and "Integrating Intensive Sessions into the Sixth Form Curriculum." Papers on bilingual and immersion education include: "Goff's School, Hertfordshire"; "Mill Hill School, London"; "Heathside School, Surrey: Birth of a Section Bilingue'"; "An Experiment: Cookery in French"; "'Immersion' in Canada and Wales: A Background Note"; and "A Case History from Wales." A group on intensive courses at local centers includes: "Intensive Foreign Language Courses in Hertfordshire;""'Immersion' in the European Resources Centre in Leicestershire"; "An Intensive French Course for Underachievers"; "Intensive Courses at Burwell House, Cambridgeshire"; "Peers School, Oxford: Three Possible Patterns"; "Lancashire College, Chorley"; "Intensive Teaching in Kingston-upon-Thames"; and "Building Intensive Days into the Curriculum." Essays on cooperative programs linking teacher training and schools include: "Building Bridges: Intensive Language Teaching in Partnership"; "Intensive Days for Schools: Using Student Teachers at Goldsmiths'"; and "Training Teachers for Intensive Teaching: The Sheffield Experience." A concluding essay looks at future directions. A list of resources and a bibliography are appended. (MSE)

The book examines the role of education in social and economic development. Seven chapters comprise the document. Chapter I examines the relation of education to socioeconomic development. Topics include rural-urban imbalance in education, relevance in curriculum, and ways in which the educational system legitimates equality or inequality. In Chapter II, the author identifies the social, economic, and political forces which operate in different national contexts. Topics include models of development, constraints on development, social stratification, advanced capitalist societies, dependent societies, and developed and underdeveloped socialist societies. Chapters III through VI present case studies of education in different nations. These chapters examine the capitalist societies of Great Britain and the Federal Republic of Germany; the state socialist societies of the Soviet Union and the German Democratic Republic; the dependent societies of Ghana and Tanzania; and the underdeveloped socialist societies of Cuba and China. Chapter VII presents conclusions and recommendations for further study. Some conclusions are that the form, content, and distribution of education reflect the distribution of power in society; education always reflects the compromises of politics; and educational change always follows from change in the distribution of power. Educational planning must acknowledge the nature of constraints which might prevent goals from being realized. Finally, planning requires a sophisticated understanding of how social structures mold education. (Author/KC)