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This paper discusses recent histories of labor shortages in Singapore, Japan, and several western European countries. Emphasis is upon the economic effects of severe shortages of labor. Fearing that these shortages would seriously handicap further economic progress, many people in these countries have advocated large-scale immigration or increased population growth or both. It is the author's conclusion that the existence of a labor shortage is not a valid ground for encouraging either population growth or immigration. The series of which this publication is a part is intended to increase understanding of the interrelationships between population growth and socioeconomic and cultural patterns throughout the world, and to communicate this understanding to scholars and policy makers. (Author/RM)

Chapter XVII of the book "The Illustrious Prince," by Phillips Oppenheim is presented. The story continues with the arrival of Mr. James B. Coulson at the Grand Hotel in Paris, France straight from Savoy Hotel in London, England to cater some business. The chapter also introduces the character of Mr. Gaynsforth, a businessman who offered Mr. Coulson a thousand of rewards as a payment for any information regarding the death of Mr. Hamilton Fynes and Mr. Richard Vanderpole.

Chapter 11 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter focuses on the investigation regarding the death of the Count de Chalusse with suspects ranging from servants to noble persons. It highlights the interrogation by M. de Fondege of a certain character named Mademoiselle Marguerite, who found peace at M. de Chalusse's study.

Book 2, Chapter 11 of the book "Conscience" is presented. It explores the life story of doctor Saniel, an intelligent individual who did everything to raise himself in the field of medicine and in the uncaring society in France. It also describes his experience in dealing with the problems in life such as love and money. This chapter further narrates an incident in which he got the butcher knife that was used to kill Caffie and left beside the corpse.

Book 1, Chapter 5 of the book "Conscience" is presented. It explores the life of doctor Saniel, an intelligent individual who did everything to raise himself in the field of medicine and in the uncaring society in France. It also describes the experience of Saniel in dealing with his problems such as love and money. This chapter also narrates about the letter addressed to him from his creditor as well as his charming visitor in his house.

Chapter I of part III of the book "The Deputy of Arcis," by Honore de Balzac is presented. It explores the event that follows the election in which Maxime de Trailles has played a part so humiliating to his vanity on his return to Paris, France from a mission trip. It examines the role of Colonel Franchessini, who becomes one of the most brilliant colonels of the restoration after serving the empire for a very short time.

Chapter XIV, Book I of the book "The Empress Josephine" is presented. It mentions the conversion of France from being a monarchy to a democratic republic and cites the condition of the prisoners particularly the nobilities, Alexandre de Beauharnais and his wife, Josephine. It also highlights the conversation between Therese de Fontenay and Josephine regarding her plan to free herself, Alexandre, and Josephine from imprisonment by ruining Robespierre.

Chapter XVII, Book I of the book "The Empress Josephine" is presented. It mentions the bloody condition of France, particularly in Paris, where its citizens trembled under the ruthless rule of the National Convention and cites how the provinces of the country agitated with such murderous event. It also highlights how Napoleon Bonaparte, along with his troop who fought against the Convention.

Chapter XII of the book "Bardelys the Magnificent," by Rafael Sabatini is presented. It highlights the trial of the tribunal in Toulouse, France. Bardelys was accused of treason and was sentenced to death because he used the name of Lesperon. Roxalanne visited Bardelys at the prison where she confessed that it was all her fault and she knew that Bardelys is not Lesperon. However, Bardelys still refused to tell Roxalanne of his true identity until the sentence was rendered.

Chapter 51 of the book "The Defenders of Democracy" edited by the Gift Book Committee of the Militia of Mercy is presented. It highlights the several beautiful places and culture of France despite the war which troubles the country. It also discusses the effort of some French armies who gave up their lives to gain freedom in return.

This volume focuses on a single theme of central importance in contemporary European education: compensatory education. The document begins with an introduction by Barry J. Hake. There follows a deliberately polemical analysis of the relationships between social and educational ideologies by Gras. Zimmer takes up the conceptual distinction between strategies of compensation and emancipation in his discussion of curriculum development. Five papers follow which examine some policy implications of the development of recurrent education. Special attention is paid to the provision of "second chance" opportunities for adults and the reform of post-compulsory education. The focus of attention changes in the last two articles. The problems of evaluating innovative programmes are examined by Punch. He points out the resistance of some innovators to scientific evaluation of their activities. Finally, Finlayson reports on an empirical study of teachers' goal conceptions and the relationship of their schools to the outside social environment. This paper suggests some interesting problems of the relationship between post-compulsory education and work. Articles 2 and 7 are in French. Summaries of each article are provided in English. (Author/JM)

Chapter XIX of part II of the book "The Deputy of Arcis," by Honore de Balzac is presented. It explores the riot and the insurrection that are instigated by the government to affect the elections in France. The bloody riot that has taken place in Paris shows that such action is always found to serve the interests of the government. It argues that true resistance would always be regarded as legal resistance pursued by legal means, by the press, and by the tribune.

Chapter IV of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It explores the life of friends Bouvard and Pécuchet as archælogists in France. It also highlights the different collections they have acquired during their journey in the country, which include articles of virtù, Gothic church window, and tin pot.

Chapter VI of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It highlights the participation of friends Bouvard and Pécuchet in a ceremony conducted by the municipality of Chavignolles in response to the rise of Revolution in France on February 25, 1848. It also focuses on the strategy carried out by the two friends to address the impact of the Revolution.

Chapter VIII of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It highlights the experience of friends Bouvard and Pécuchet in engaging into gymnastics at Chavignolles in France. It also focuses on their experience of attending the midnight mass which relieved their souls from all worries.

Chapter V of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It highlights the interest of friends Bouvard and Pécuchet in reading books of romances and drama during their stay at a farm-house at Chavignolles, France. It also mentioned the books they have read which were written by different authors, including "The Cabman," "Athalie," and "Les Deux Dianes."

Chapter II of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It highlights the experience of friends Bouvard and Pécuchet in engaging into agricultural activities, such as gardening and feeding the animals, during their stay at a farm-house at Chavignolles in France. It also focuses their encounter with other farmers in the place.

Chapter III of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It highlights the decision of friends Bouvard and Pécuchet to study organic chemistry during their stay at a farm-house on Chavignolles in France. It also focuses their experience of engaging into the field of medical science, where they took cases on longevity, obesity, and childbirth.

Chapter I of the book "Bouvard and Pécuchet: A Tragi-comic Novel of Bourgeois Life," Volume IX, by Gustave Flaubert is presented. It highlights the encounter of Bouvard whose baptismal name is Fran çois-Denys-Bartholemée and Juste-Romain-Cyrille commonly known as Pécuchet at Boulevard Bourdon in Paris, France. It also focuses on their arrival at a farm-house in Chavignolles.

Chapter XII of the book "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814," by François Auguste Marie Mignet is presented. The chapter explores and describes the political events and condition in France during the French revolution period, particularly from October 1795 to August 1797. It highlights on the total demise of the democratic party, the conquest of Italy by Napoleon Bonaparte, the installation of directors, and the political challenge of the counter-revolutionary party.

Chapter X of the book "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814," by François Auguste Marie Mignet is presented. The chapter describes the significant political events and condition in France, focusing on the establishment of the 9th Thermidor and demise of the democratic party. It highlights on the condition of the national convention after Maximilien Robespierre's death, the legitimacy of the 1793 constitution, and the impeachment of Billaud-Varennes.

Chapter VIII of the book "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814," by François Auguste Marie Mignet is presented. The chapter explores on the significant political and military events resulting to the French revolution within the intervening period between June 2, 1793 and April 1794. These events detailed in the chapter include the insurrections, the declaration of the constitution of 1793 by the Montagnards and the progress of the revolutionary government.

Chapter VI of the book "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814," by François Auguste Marie Mignet is presented. The chapter explores on the political conditions and political events in France within the period September 20 1792 and January 1793. It highlights on the accusation of the Girondists to Maximilien Robespierre in aspiring to dictatorship, the demand for the trial of King Louis XVI and the condemnation.

Chapter I of the book "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814," by François Auguste Marie Mignet is presented. The chapter explores on the chain of events from the May of 1789 to Augsut 4 of 1789 describing the political scenario of France. It highlights on the opening of the states-general, the solicitation of the opinion of the court, the ministry, and the kingdom respecting the states-general.

Chapter III of the book "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814," by François Auguste Marie Mignet is presented. The chapter explores on the significant political events in France from October 6 1789 until the demise of Mirabeau, the chief of the constituent assembly in April 1791. It highlights on the reorganization of major political jurisdiction into subdivision, the installation of the system of popular sovereignty and election, and organization of the army.

Chapter XXVI of the book "Frederick Chopin As a Man and Musician," Volume II, by Frederick Niecks is presented. It examines the circumstances and business experiences with publishers of Chopin, French composer. Accounts of the way of living of Chopin and his wife, George Sand in Nohant, France from 1843 to 1847, provided by his pupils including Lindsay Sloper and Alexander Chodzko are explored.

Chapter XIII of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It explores the country of France ,which owns a variety of surface from the elevated mountains to the changing sand-dunes, from the loamy plain to the hasty rocks and the rare heat and cold climate of the country. Moreover, it also provides a detailed description about the abundance of grapes and the oranges and olive in its southeastern corner.

A subject index for the book "The Eve of the French Revolution" is presented.

Chapter XX of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It explores the great time and rapid change in the reign of Louis XVI where all parts of the society plans to regenerate the kind of government they've had. Moreover, it also highlights the changes in men's minds including the attempted reforms, the abolition of the corvee, the establishment of provincial assemblies, civil rights and the publishing of several pamphlets in France.

Chapter XVI of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It explores a large volume of reference works of the Philosophers known as the "Encyclopedia," which contains information on various topics dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty. Moreover, it provides a detailed description on the two immediate claims of progenitors of the great French "Encyclopedia."

Chapter XI of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It explores the capital city of France known as Paris, which became a prominent city during the time of Louis XVI. It mentions the city not only as the capital and metropolis but the heart and center of life in the country. Moreover, it provides a detailed description of the growing size of the city, development of new houses, construction of several buildings and the beautiful landmarks of the city.

Chapter X of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It presents a man named Charles Louis de Secondant, Baron of Montesquieu, who stands out among the French nobility of the robe in the eighteenth century influencing human thought beyond the walls of the court-room. Moreover, it offers a detailed description on how Montesquieu satirized the vices of the society and how his ideas influenced the leading men of the second half of the century.

Chapter VIII of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It explores a highly respectable component of the French nobility aside from soldiers is worn by the judicial gown or the Courts of Law. In eighteenth century, the Parliaments are the most outstanding in French affairs and a division of the old feudal courts of the kings of France. Moreover, the Parliament of Paris on the solemn occasions sat those few members of the highest nobility in France.

Chapter VII of the book "The Eve of the French Revolution," by Edward J. Lowell is presented. It explores the military class as the most basic nobility of France. Its privileges were affirmed on the number of services rendered in the field. The soldier's life in France was regarded as the proper vocation of nobleman. Moreover, it highlights the material condition of the French soldier in the latter years of the old monarchy with that of the other European soldiers.

Chapter I of the book "The Chouans" by Honore de Balzac is presented. It explores the travel of peasants and a large number of citizens from Fougeres to Mayenne. It also highlights that before leaving Fougeres, the chief secretly issued to his own men ample supplies of ammunition and sufficient rations of bread for the whole detachment so as to conceal from the conscripts the length of the march before them.

A letter is presented to a lady on the traveling experience in several places including Dijon,Geneva and Montpelier in France.

Chapter 13 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter discusses the great number of estates owned by the dead Count de Chalusse and few people had the idea that if no heir would claim the estates it would be reverted to the government. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles.

Chapter 18 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter describes the events where M. Fortunat visited the place of the Vantrassons while the Marquis de Valorsay reached the Place de la Bourse right after M. Fortunat left. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles.

Chapter 16 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter describes the events where M. Fortunat visited the place of the Vantrassons while the Marquis de Valorsay reached the Place de la Bourse right after M. Fortunat left. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles.

Chapter 14 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter describes the character name M. Casimir, the deceased Count de Chalusse's valet, who was no doubt an honest servant. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles.

Chapter 7 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles. This chapter describes the events where M. Fortunat visited the place of the Vantrassons while the Marquis de Valorsay reached the Place de la Bourse right after M. Fortunat left.

Chapter 6 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter describes the events where M. Fortunat visited the place of the Vantrassons while the Marquis de Valorsay reached the Place de la Bourse right after M. Fortunat left. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles.

Chapter 5 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter describes the events where M. Fortunat visited the place of the Vantrassons while the Marquis de Valorsay reached the Place de la Bourse right after M. Fortunat left. It highlights the death of the Count de Chalusse and the investigation with suspects ranging from servants to nobles.

Chapter 2 of the book "The Count's Millions" is presented. This chapter describes the character M.Isidore Fortunat who resided in the third floor of the Hotel de Chalusse, one of the most magnificent mansions in the Rue de Courcelles in Paris, France. M. Fortunat who lived for five years in the establishment, is known for his early payments of rents and all his obligations without demur. It highlights the event where the Count de Chalusse was stricken with apoplexy.

Book 2, Chapter 17 of the book "Conscience" is presented. It explores the life of doctor Saniel, an intelligent individual and a son of peasants who did everything to raise himself in the inconsiderate society in France. It also describes the experience of Saniel in dealing with his problems such as love and money. This chapter further narrates the fears of his girlfriend Mademoiselle Phillis Cormier regarding the murder case of business agent Caffie.

Book 2, Chapter 13 of the book "Conscience" is presented. It explores the life story of doctor Saniel, an intelligent individual who did everything to raise himself in the field of medicine and in the uncaring society in France. This chapter further narrates the events occurred after he had murdered Caffie using a knife. It also mentions that the murder case of Caffie had already been reported to the police.

Book 2, Chapter 16 of the book "Conscience" is presented. It explores the life story of doctor Saniel, an intelligent individual who did everything to raise himself in the field of medicine and in the uncaring society in France. This chapter also describes the events occurred when he went to Monaco after he murdered his business agent Caffie.

Book 2, Chapter 14 of the book "Conscience" is presented. It explores the life of doctor Saniel Florentin, an intelligent individual and a son of peasants who did everything to raise himself in the medical field and in the inconsiderate society in France. This chapter also narrates the events occurred when the police officers had started to investigate the murder case of business agent Caffie.