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Trinity College Dublin was proud to host, in April 2016, the Second International Conference on Telecollaboration in Higher Education, with the theme "New Directions in Telecollaborative Research and Practice." Over two and a half days, 150 participants offered 95 research presentations, posters, and "problem shared" sessions. Following a preface (Breffni O'Rourke) and introduction (Sake Jager, Malgorzata Kurek, and Breffni O'Rourke), selected papers from this conference presented herein include: (1) Telecollaboration and student mobility for language learning (Celeste Kinginger); (2) A task is a task is a task is a task… or is it? Researching telecollaborative teacher competence development--the need for more qualitative research (Andreas Müller-Hartmann); (3) Learner autonomy and telecollaborative language learning (David Little); (4) Developing intercultural communicative competence across the Americas (Diane Ceo-DiFrancesco, Oscar Mora, and Andrea Serna Collazos); (5) CHILCAN: a Chilean-Canadian intercultural telecollaborative language exchange (Constanza Rojas-Primus); (6) Multifaceted dimensions of telecollaboration through English as a Lingua Franca (ELF): Paris-Valladolid intercultural telecollaboration project (Paloma Castro and Martine Derivry-Plard); (7) Student perspectives on intercultural learning from an online teacher education partnership (Shannon Sauro); (8) Blogging as a tool for intercultural learning in a telecollaborative study (Se Jeong Yang); (9) Intergenerational telecollaboration: what risks for what rewards? (Erica Johnson); (10) Telecollaboration, challenges and oppportunities (Emmanuel Abruquah, Ildiko Dosa, and Grazyna Duda); (11) Exploring telecollaboration through the lens of university students: a Spanish-Cypriot telecollaborative exchange (Anna Nicolaou and Ana Sevilla-Pavón); (12) A comparison of telecollaborative classes between Japan and Asian-Pacific countries -- Asian-Pacific Exchange Collaboration (APEC) project (Yoshihiko Shimizu, Dwayne Pack, Mikio Kano, Hiroyuki Okazaki, and Hiroto Yamamura); (13) Incorporating cross-cultural videoconferencing to enhance Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) at the tertiary level (Barbara Loranc-Paszylk); (14) Multimodal strategies allowing corrective feedback to be softened during webconferencing-supported interactions (Ciara R. Wigham and Julie Vidal); (15) Problem-solving interaction in GFL videoconferencing (Makiko Hoshii and Nicole Schumacher); (16) Interactional dimension of online asynchronous exchange in an asymmetric telecollaboration (Dora Loizidou and François Mangenot); (17) Telecollaboration in secondary EFL: a blended teacher education course (Shona Whyte and Linda Gijsen); (18) It takes two to tango: online teacher tandems for teaching in English (Jennifer Valcke and Elena Romero Alfaro); (19) Getting their feet wet: trainee EFL teachers in Germany and Israel collaborate online to promote their telecollaboration competence through experiential learning (Tina Waldman, Efrat Harel, and Götz Schwab); (20) Teacher competences for telecollaboration: the role of coaching (Sabela Melchor-Couto and Kristi Jauregi); (21) Preparing student mobility through telecollaboration (Marta Giralt and Catherine Jeanneau); (22) What are the perceived effects of telecollaboration compared to other communication-scenarios with peers? (Elke Nissen); (23) The "Bologna-München" Tandem -- experiencing interculturality (Sandro De Martino); (24) Comparing the development of transversal skills between virtual and physical exchanges (Bart van der Velden, Sophie Millner, and Casper van der Heijden); (25) Making virtual exchange/telecollaboration mainstream -- large scale exchanges (Eric Hagley); (26) Searching for telecollaboration in secondary geography education in Germany (Jelena Deutscher); (27) Communication strategies in a telecollaboration project with a focus on Latin American history (Susana S. Fernández); (28) Students' perspective on Web 2.0-enhanced telecollaboration as added value in translator education (Mariusz Marczak); (29) Intercultural communication for professional development: creative approaches in higher education (Linda Joy Mesh); (30) Illustrating challenges and practicing competencies for global technology-assisted collaboration: lessons from a real-time north-south teaching collaboration (Stephen Capobianco, Nadia Rubaii, and Sebastian Líppez-De Castro); (31) Telecollaboration as a tool for building intercultural and interreligious understanding: the Sousse-Villanova programme (Jonathan Mason); (32) Vicious cycles of turn negotiation in video-mediated telecollaboration: interactional sociolinguistics perspective (Yuka Akiyama); (33) A corpus-based study of the use of pronouns in the asynchronous discussion forums in the online intercultural exchange MexCo (Marina Orsini-Jones, Zoe Gazeley-Eke, and Hannah Leinster); (34) Cooperative autonomy in online lingua franca exchanges: A case study on foreign language education in secondary schools (Petra Hoffstaedter and Kurt Kohn); (35) Emerging affordances in telecollaborative multimodal interactions (Aparajita Dey-Plissonneau and Françoise Blin); (36) Telecollaboration in online communities for L2 learning (Maria Luisa Malerba and Christine Appel); (37) Fostering students' engagement with topical issues through different modes of online exchange (Marie-Thérèse Batardière and Francesca Helm); (38) A conversation analysis approach to researching eTandems--the challenges of data collection (Julia Renner); and (39) DOTI: Databank of Oral Teletandem Interactions (Solange Aranha and Paola Leone). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references.

Citizenship is about more than the passport an individual holds; it goes far beyond nationality. The terms of citizenship determine in part who has access to goods, services, and resources and how they are distributed within a community. Rules of citizenship determine who can participate, who can decide about matters of diversity, distribution, inclusion, and exclusion. While citizenship is a useful concept, sometimes it is also a confusing one. The paper provides a brief overview of the concept of governance. It turns to a consideration of the appropriateness of this social initiative by the International Development and Research Centre (IDRC). It examines some of the reasons why Canada's historic and current experience of citizenship might advance IDRC's thinking about a citizenship entry point for its research agenda, and its attempt to answer the key question: "To what extent does the Canadian experience past and present have anything to say about options for Africans?" It provides a brief overview of the four commissioned papers and what they have revealed the links among citizenship, governance, and service delivery in Canada. The paper concludes with an overview of lessons drawn from the Canadian experience. (BT)

This document contains 21 papers and an introduction on work force preparation in a global context. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Johanna Lasonen); "Access of Girls and Women to Vocational Education: Implications for the Workplace in Swaziland" (Comfort B. S. Mndebele); "Intersectoral Approaches to Literacy and Vocational Education and Training: The Case of the Sudan" (Sidiga A. Rahim Washi); "Women's Education in the Sudan" (Sidiga A. Rahim Washi); "Research Development and Challenges of the 21st Century for Vocational Education and Training: Canadian Experience" (Marcelle Hardy); "The Business Incubation Concept: Global Possibilities for Vocational-Technical Education" (Victor M. Hernandez-Gantes); "Implementing Education and Training Policies in the United States: A Case Study" (Curtis R. Finch); "A Study on the Development of Further Extensions in Vocational Education and Training in Taiwan, ROC (Republic of China)" (Ming-chung Chiang, Dar-chin Rau); "Networking between Business and Educational Institutes in Taiwan, ROC" (Dar-chin Rau, T. T. Hwang); "Knowledge-Based Cooperation in Vocational Education, University and Industry in Australia" (Matt Ngui); "Strategies for Promoting Parity of Esteem between Vocational and Academic Education" (Johanna Lasonen); "Qualifications with a Dual Orientation towards Employment and Higher Education--Innovative Schemes in Seven European Countries" (Sabine Manning); "'Bildung' through Vocational Education" (Matti Vesa Volanen); "Shaping the Work Life--A Future Oriented Way of Lifelong Learning" (Gerald Heidegger); "Towards Understanding the Development of an Entrepreneurial Leadership-Identity among Finnish Female Entrepreneurs" (Leena Avotie, Eija Pehu); "Enterprises as Environments for Workplace Learning and Training" (Johanna Lasonen); "Review and Preview of Higher Vocational Education: Changes in Hong Kong and International Trends" (Bradford W. Imrie); "A Comparison of Occupational Programs in Comprehensive High Schools in the USA, Japan, and Taiwan" (Lung-Sheng Lee); "Challenges of the 21st Century for Technical-Vocational Education and Training from Global, Regional, and National Perspectives" (C. K. Basu); "Human Resource Development and Labour Market Policy Issues in the Asia Pacific: Opportunities for Collaborative Research with Europe" (Matt Ngui); "Vocational Education and Training Projects in Developing Countries: Issues of Quality and Sustainability" (Dennis R. Herschbach); and "New Roles for Vocational Education and Training" (Armoogum Parsuramen). Each paper contains references. (MN)

This document contains six papers describing program-based research from rural literacy program in Ontario, Canada. Some of the reports describe action research from pilot projects. The papers raise questions about responding to the special challenges of rural needs, such as whether there is an additional expense to providing service of equal quality in rural areas. "The Lambton Learning Lab Project" (Carol Miller, Kevin Churchill) investigates how well a mobile learning lab work can in a rural program. "On Track: Using Tables to Organize and Schedule Data" (Val Hudson) shows how to use tables to improve the planning process. "Rural Literacy and Health Concerns" (Wendy Woodhouse) explains how to identify ways in which literacy needs relate to health concerns. How a literacy program can support job searches for the unemployed is explained in "A Living Library" (Margaret Maynard). "Flying by the Seat of My Pants: A Novice Researcher's Reflections" (Dan Woods) describes what the process of field research feels like the first time. "Recognition for Learning---Life Cycle of a Project" (Andrea Leis) discusses how to develop a system to recognize adult basic learners. The document also contains reviews of two papers: "Initial Assessment Survey Results" (by Bruce Henbest, reviewed by Donna Miniely); and "Learning to Learn: Impacts of the Adult Basic Education Experience on the Lives of Participants" (by Patty Bossort, Bruce Cottingham, and Leslie Gardner, reviewed by Linda Shohet). (KC)

This document is a collection of three parts: two extended papers and one shorter commentary on the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS). These originally appeared in "Literacy Across the Curriculum" in response to an invitation for comment to several prominent international researchers. The first of these entitled "The Persisting Power and Costs of the Literacy Myth" by Harvey J. Graff appeared in Volume 12, No. 2, Summer 1996. The second "Literacy, Economy and Society--A Review" by Brian V. Street was published in Volume 12, No. 3, Fall 1996. The third, "Ending the Myth of the 'Literacy Myth" by Stan Jones was published in Volume 12, No.4, Winter 1997. These articles have been collected because they reflect a continuing debate on literacy between two schools of thought which have been variously called the autonomous and the socio-cultural. (The second paper, "Literacy, Economy and Society--A Review" by Brian V. Street, contains references.)

This collection of over 30 papers presents the view that all persons should be equally valued, provided equal opportunities, viewed as unique individuals, and be exposed to and learn from and about people with diverse characteristics. The papers offer insight into the process of moving forward to achieve both equity and excellence for all Canadian people, labeled "disabled" or not, in educational and other community settings. The articles call for advocacy, attitude change, and expanded availability of appropriate supports and services within schools and communities to allow everyone to participate and contribute in a meaningful way. Titles of sample papers include: "Two Roads: Inclusion or Exclusion"; "The 'Butwhatabout' Kids"; "Annie's Gift"; "Common Sense Tools: MAPS and CIRCLES"; "MAPS: Action Planning"; "Dreaming, Speaking and Creating"; "Kick 'em Out or Keep 'em In"; "Vive la Difference"; and "Natural Support Systems." (JDD)

These papers present the major issues and directions in five areas: (1) the socioeconomic and demographic environment (demography, the economies and labor forces of Canada and of Ontario, and the international and social environments); (2) education (K-12, postsecondary, adult, and the educational media resource market); (3) the broadcast environment (federal policy, Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission, economic dimensions of the broadcasting system, the Canadian production and cable industries, audiences, educational broadcasting in Canada, public and commercial broadcasting in the United States, and the international environment); (4) the government environment (Canada, the Meech Lake Accord, and Ontario); and (5) the technological environment (cable, satellites, high definition television, stereo, VCRs, digital, videotex, and interactive television). The papers are a compilation of the opinions and understandings of those who work in, plan for, and study in each of the various fields. Sources are footnoted in each paper. The discussion in some of the papers exhibits the contradiction and lack of consensus evident in compiling the materials. The papers, therefore, do not provide answers but reflect the uncertainty of the environments in which TVOntario operates. Designed to stimulate discussion relevant to the future of TVOntario, each paper begins with a summary of the developments judged to have the most significance for the next few years. The remainder of the paper then provides details on these and other issues. (GL)

This monograph contains five papers concerning political education in Canada. Chapter 1, "Political Education and the Teaching of Politics," considers the historical and philosophical connections between education and politics. Chapter 2, "Civics, Citizenship and Politics: Political Education in the Schools," explores definitions of political education and various approaches to achieving it. The socio-political impact of schools is discussed in chapter 3 in "Political Education or Political Socialization: The Role of the 'Hidden Curriculum'," while chapter 4 focuses on "Morals and Values in the Schools: Citizenship and Moral Education." Chapter 5, "Teaching Strategies and Political Education," outlines recent approaches to teaching about politics that lead to increased participation and competency. They include utilizing: (1) conceptual models; (2) issues or concepts; (3) case studies; (4) discovery and inquiry strategies; (5) a broadly defined concept of politics; (6) conflict studies; (7) experiential learning methods; (8) political action and participation; (9) politically relevant attitudes and values; and (1) life-long learning strategies. (JHP)

The nature and status of collective bargaining by faculty in colleges and universities in both the United States and Canada are reviewed. The growth patterns for collective negotiation in both countries and the causal factors for faculty unions are contrasted. The use of collective bargaining in higher education raises issues, including the determination of bargaining principles; determination of who should be included in the bargaining unit definition; the effect of the principle of exclusivity of bargaining rights on the agreement; and the resolution of bargaining impasses, grievance procedures and arbitration. Contents of contracts that are specifically related to higher education are discussed including governance, personnel policies, and academic provisions for faculty responsibilities and functions. (JMF)

This report reviews the problems of protecting nature in a heavily industrialized democracy such as the United States. Factors contributing to the establishment of protected areas in the United States are traced from the creation of Yellowstone National Park in 1872 to the present. Arguments in defense of wilderness areas consider nature as: (1) a reservoir of normal ecological processes, (2) a sustainer of biological diversity, (3) a formative influence on the national character, (4) a church, (5) a guardian of mental health, and (6) an educational asset in developing environmental responsibility. Diverse agencies, programs, and efforts exist at all levels. The National Park Service, the United States Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the National Wilderness Preservation System function on the federal level. Coastal zone management and land use laws protect natural areas on the state level, city and county parks serve as protected areas on local levels, and private organizations such as the Sierra Club also contribute to wilderness preservation. Problems arise from the conflict between economic development and nature preservation, and the popularity of nature areas which leads to their destruction. Programs in Japan, Australia, New Zealand, East Africa, Europe, the Soviet Union, and Canada are also described. (KC)

In May 2019, the British Columbia Teachers' Federation (BCTF) hosted a one-day seminar entitled "Questioning the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Education 2030 Program." The seminar provided a space to critically explore the Education 2030 program and the general approach to global standards through international tests. Seminar participants then attended the "OECD Education 2030 9th Informal Working Group meeting and B.C. Education Conference," hosted by the BC Ministry of Education in Vancouver. This publication is a collection of reflections on these two events by teachers, union leaders and academics. Taken together, the papers disrupt efforts to position BC as an exemplar of the type of reform promoted by the OECD. Through presentations and discussions focused on the OECD program, and looking specifically at the BC curriculum, participants questioned efforts to position BC as an exemplar of the type of reform promoted by the OECD. By thinking across these spaces, the papers work to question a "global" agenda and ask about the effects of a policy logic whereby the "local" has no choice but to adapt or be left behind in the global race towards well-being. How can the narrative being told about "who" students and teachers are, "what" they need to know, and how teaching and learning happen be disrupted? How can the assumptions behind this narrative be challenged? How can local knowledges and processes be mobilized and supported? How can solidarity be built amongst teachers nationally and internationally to speak back to emerging spaces of global governance?

This volume contains selected papers submitted to the 17th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES) held in June 2019 in Pomorie, Bulgaria. The 17th BCES Conference theme is "Glocal Education in Practice: Teaching, Researching, and Citizenship." Some selected papers submitted to the pre-conference International Symposium on "30 Years since the Fall of the Berlin Wall" are also included in this volume. The book includes 34 papers written by 69 authors from 20 countries. The volume starts with an introductory piece by the keynote speaker Ewelina Niemczyk. The other 34 papers are divided into 7 parts: (1) Comparative and International Education & History of Education; (2) International Organizations and Education; (3) School Education: Policies, Innovations, Practices & Entrepreneurship; (4) Higher Education & Teacher Education and Training; (5) Law and Education; (6) Research Education & Research Practice; and (7) Thirty Years Since the Fall of the Berlin Wall: Educational Reforms Worldwide. Glocal education is the main term in this volume discussed from theoretical, methodological and empirical points of view. Most papers directly or circuitously refer to glocal education in teaching, learning, researching, and citizenship. Different profound and well defended opinions on glocal education can be seen in the volume. After viewing all papers in this volume, readers will likely consider it a valuable source for interesting studies on various educational problems in the light of globalization, localization, internationalization, and glocalization. [For Volume 16 proceedings, see ED586117.]

This document contains the following papers on diversity and international issues from the SITE (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education) 2001 conference: "Using Technology To Support Teaching for Social Justice in a Preservice Program" (Barbara Beyerbach); "Integrating Technology into a Teacher Education Diversity Course" (Ramona Maile Cutri); "Is Anybody Listening? Inherent but Typically Ignored Problems in Distance Learning" (Paula Furr and Ron McBride); "Integrating Human Impact into a Web-Based Multicultural Course for Teacher Education" (Viola Garcia and Linlin Irene Chen); "Developing Intercultural Understanding via the Internet: Canadian Student Teachers and English Students in China Study World Literature Together" (Jim Greenlaw); "Using Internet Technology To Facilitate Anonymous Communication in World Wide Web Delivered Multiculturalism in Education Courseware" (James G. Izat and others); "Diversity through Co-Operation: Creating and Delivering Content in In-Service Teacher Education" (Monica Johannesen and Leikny Ogrim); "'WorldGate': An Attempt To Close the Digital Divide" (Richard Knecht); "Technology and Social Change: Perceptions of Culturally Diverse University Students" (Shane P. Martin and Edmundo F. Litton); "Identifying School Conditions and Teacher Practices that Have Proven Effective in Increasing Mathematics and Reading Achievement for African American Students and Students in Schools with Substantial Minority Student Populations" (Michael McFraizier and M. Danita Bailey); "Using Technology in Early Childhood Environments To Strengthen Cultural Connections" (Mikki Meadows); "Where is the 'Any Key,' Sir? Experiences of an African Teacher-To-Be" (Guillaume Nel and Liezel Wilkinson); "The Digital Divide in Schools: We Can Make a Difference" (Tamara Pearson and Colleen Swain); "Technology Empowers a Diverse Population of Students: Results from a Technology Professional Development School" (Carrie Thornthwaite); and "Linking up through Solar Energy: The Story of the Gelukwaarts Farm School" (Fred Wilkinson and Annette Wilkinson). Most papers contain references. (MES)

This volume contains the text of six speeches selected from approximately 125 plenary talks that have been given over the past few years at more than 40 Freshman Year Experience Conferences by leading educators concerned about improving the first year undergraduate experience. In the first speech, "The Undergraduate Experience: Critical Issues for the 1990s," Ernest L. Boyer reflects on curriculum, teaching, sense of community, and assessment. In the second selection, "On Impostorship, Cultural Suicide, and Lost Innocence: How Freshman Adults Experience Critical Thinking" Stephen D. Brookfield focuses attention on the first year experience of non-traditional-aged adults entering college. Next, Sheila Tobias, in "Professors as First-Year College Students: What Can They Teach Us?", looks at students' academic self-image and how that may shape their choice of majors. For the fourth paper, "Along the Way" William C. Hartel, a professor of history at Marietta College, traces his evolution as a thinker, scholar, teacher, and activist on behalf of first year students. Stuart L. Smith in "Is Student Success Really a Serious Concern at Today's Universities?" reviews challenges to Canadian higher education. The final paper, "In Search of Hope and Heroes" by Laura I. Rendon, discusses responding to the challenges of increasingly diverse student bodies. Author biographies are included. Some papers offer references. (JB)

This special issue of the Canadian Mathematics Education Study Group/Groupe Canadien d'Étude en Didactique des Mathématiques (CMESG/GCEDM) Proceedings looks at CMESG/GCEDM's collective history, reflects on where the group has been, and who the members have become as an organization. Through a selection of excerpts from past proceedings, the editors have stitched together a partial history of CMESG/GCEDM's time as an organization. This serves not only as a summary of the collective history, but also serves as an introduction to the activities of CMESG/GCEDM through the first 40 years. The pieces selected for inclusion in this special issue stand as signposts along CMESG/GCEDM's history--as exemplifications of what CMESG/GCEDM is as an organization as well as the activities of CMESG/GCEDM at annual meetings. Crafted introductions to each piece articulate the ways in which that piece exemplifies the valued aspects of CMESG/GCEDM. Following an introduction to the special issue (Peter Liljedahl) [Written in English and French], a foreword (Peter Taylor) [Written in English and French], a Preface to the 1977 CMESG Proceedings (Albert Coleman, Bill Higginson, and David Wheeler), and The Origins and Activities of CMESG (David Wheeler), this issue contains the following papers: (1) Mathematics Education Research in Canada: A Prospective View (Tom Kieren); (2) Innovations in Teacher Education Programmes (Claude Gaulin); (3) The Objectives of Mathematics Education (Albert Coleman); (4) Confessions of an Accidental Theorist (Alan Schoenfeld); (5) The Role of Epistemology in the Analysis of Teaching/Learning Relationships In Mathematics Education (Michèle Artigue); (6) Alive Mathematical Reasoning (David Henderson); (7) Toward a Practice-Based Theory of Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (Deborah Loewenberg Ball and Hyman Bass); (8) Mathematics as Medicine (Edward Doolittle); (9) Old and New Mathematical Ideas from Africa: Challenges for Reflection (Paulus Gerdes); (10) The Role of Proof in Post-Secondary Education (William Byers and Harvey Gerber); (11) From Theory To Observational Data (And Back Again) (Carolyn Kieran and Jo Towers); (12) Where Is The Mathematics? (John Mason and Eric Muller); (13) The Arithmetic/Algebra Interface: Implications For Primary And Secondary Mathematics = Articulation Arithmétique/Algèbre: implications pour l'enseignement des mathématiques au primaire et au secondaire (Nadine Bednarz and Lesley) [Written in English and French]; (14) Images Of Undergraduate Mathematics (Miroslav Lovric and David Poole); (15) A Mathematics Curriculum Manifesto (Walter Whiteley and Brent Davis); (16) Learner Generated Examples (Nathalie Sinclair, Anne Watson, and Rina Zazkis); (17) Étude des pratiques d'enseignement (Jamie Pyper, Hassane Squalli, and Laurent Theis) [Written in English and French]; (18) Mathematics of Planet Earth 2013: Education and Communication = Mathématiques de la planète terre 2013: formation et communication (Doug Franks, Kathleen Pineau, and Walter Whiteley); (19) Indigenous Ways of Knowing in Mathematics (Lisa Lunney Borden and Florence Glanfield); (20) The Commonsense of Teaching (David Wheeler); (21) A Historical Perspective on Mathematics Education Research in Canada: The Emergence of a Community (Carolyn Kieran); (22) Lessons from the Past, Questions for the Future: Méditation sur thème impose (Roberta Mura) [Written in French]; (23) Building Thinking Classrooms: Conditions for Problem Solving (Peter Liljedahl); (24) Where Do I Want Students' Attention? And What Can I Do to Affect Their Attention? (David Hewitt); and (25) Measuring the Impact of a Mentor Program (A. J. Dawson). Individual papers contain references.

This volume contains papers submitted to the 12th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia and Nessebar, Bulgaria, in June 2014, and papers submitted to the 2nd International Partner Conference, organized by the International Research Centre 'Scientific Cooperation,' Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The volume also includes papers submitted to the International Symposium on Comparative Sciences, organized by the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society in Sofia, in October 2013. The 12th BCES Conference theme is "Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens." The 2nd Partner Conference theme is "Contemporary Science and Education: New Challenges -- New Decisions." The book consists of 103 papers, written by 167 authors and co-authors, and grouped into 7 parts. Parts 1-4 comprise papers submitted to the 12th BCES Conference, and Parts 5-7 comprise papers submitted to the 2nd Partner Conference. The 103 papers are divided into the following parts: (1) Comparative Education & History of Education; (2) Pre-service and In-service Teacher Training & Learning and Teaching Styles; (3) Education Policy, Reforms and School Leadership; (4) Higher Education, Lifelong Learning and Social Inclusion; (5) Educational Development Strategies in Different Countries and Regions of the World: National, Regional and Global Levels; (6) Key Directions and Characteristics of Research Organization in Contemporary World; and (7) International Scientific and Educational Cooperation for the Solution of Contemporary Global Issues: From Global Competition to World Integration.

The fundamental theme of these papers is what constitutes the common good and the issues and problems related to the understanding of that common good. Several anthropologists and a political scientist explore this theme in various geographic settings and from many theoretical and methodological perspectives. Among the countries and cultures represented in the compendium are Nigeria, Ghana, Japan, Singapore, Latin America, Chinatown USA, the Circumpolar North, and Canada. Papers include "Planning Nigeria's New Capital City: Implementation and the Public Good" (Ronald Cohen and John Paden); "Chieftaincy and Constitutionalism in Ghana: The Case of the Third Republic" (Maxwell Owusu); "The Reduction of Rates of Violent Crime: Japan since World War II" (Robert J. Smith); "Planners, Householders and Fertility Reduction" (Robert S. Merrill); "Conflict in Chinatown: Changing Images and Institutions" (Serena Nanda); "Research, Policy and Ideas in Good Currency: The Squatter Settlement Phenomenon" (Lisa R. Peattie); "Internal Colonialism or Self-Sufficiency? Problems and Prospects in the Circumpolar North" (John Dryzek and Oran R. Young); and "Formulating the Common Interest: The Role of Structures in Cree Development" (Richard F. Salisbury). (RM)

The aim of this book was to present innovative applications of technology in second language teaching and learning, as well as to explore the transformation of the different techniques to different theoretical frameworks. It has also been desired to have a representation of researchers from different parts of the world as contributors. When the reviewing process was finished, there were nine selected chapters from seven different countries: Canada, Finland, France, Ireland, Spain, Sweden, and Singapore. Thus, the chapters of this book consist of the work of eleven young researchers within the field of net-based language learning. These nine chapters all deal with topical areas of Internet-based Computer-assisted language learning (CALL). Following Notes on Contributors, Acknowledgements, and Foreword, the following papers are included in this book: (1) Introduction on Views of Emergent Researchers in L2 Teaching and Learning with Technology (Sylvie Thouësny and Linda Bradley); (2) Personal Learning Environments in Higher Education Language Courses: An Informal and Learner-Centred Approach (Ilona Laakkonen); (3) QuickAssist: Reading and Learning Vocabulary Independently with the Help of CALL and NLP Technologies (Peter Wood); (4) Self-Assessment and Tutor Assessment in Online Language Learning Materials: InGenio FCE Online Course and Tester (Ana Sevilla-Pavón, Antonio Martínez-Sáez, and José Macario de Siqueira); (5) Mobile-Assisted Language Learning: Designing for Your Students (Agnieszka Palalas); (6) A Design for Intercultural Exchange--An Analysis of Engineering Students' Interaction with English Majors in a Poetry Blog (Linda Bradley, Berner Lindström, Hans Rystedt, and Magnus Gustafsson); (7) Developing Sociolinguistic Competence through Intercultural Online Exchange (Mathy Ritchie); (8) Second Language Learning by Exchanging Cultural Contexts through the Mobile Group Blog (Yinjuan Shao); (9) Dynamically Assessing Written Language: To what Extent Do Learners of French Language Accept Mediation? (Sylvie Thouësny); and (10) Computer-Mediated Negotiated Interactions: How is Meaning Negotiated in Discussion Boards, Text Chat and Videoconferencing? (Cédric Sarré). A name index is included. (Individual papers contain references.)

This paper features several articles previously published in the CAEL (Council for Adult and Experiential Learning) Forum and News, an e-newsletter CAEL regularly shares with its members. This publication includes a summary of the data gathered in CAEL's 2006 institutional survey on PLA (Prior Learning Assessment), results of a research on state-wide PLA policies, an article on how PLA is being used with working adults, and articles on how PLA is being promoted and applied in other countries: South Africa, Canada, and the European Union. The following articles are featured in this paper: (1) Prior Learning Assessment: Current Policy and Practice in the U.S. (Rebecca Klein-Collins); (2) Statewide PLA Policy (Kathleen Glancey); (3) PLA and Today's Workplace (Theresa Hoffmann); (4) Strengthening Education for All of South Africa through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) (Aneesha Mayet); (5) Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) in Canada: Thoughts for Today--Hopes for Tomorrow (Bonnie Kennedy); and (6) "Recognising Experiential Learning: Practices in European Universities" edited by Consuelo Corradi, Norman Evans and Aune Valk (Book Review by David O. Justice). (Individual articles contain footnotes.)

When U.S. News & World Report began its ranking of American colleges in 1983, publishers in other countries quickly followed with their own hierarchical measures, providing consumer information (and opportunities for institutional marketing) while attempting to impact the quality of higher education. In the course of the last two decades, higher education ranking systems and "league tables" (as they are referred to in the United Kingdom and elsewhere) have emerged in dozens of countries. These rankings are conducted not only by media in the private sector, but also by professional associations and governments. Over the decades since higher education rankings first appeared, numerous debates have surfaced about their methodologies, objectivity, impact on colleges and universities, and role in the structure of accountability within nations that use them. Although there has been significant research, especially in the United States, about the ways in which rankings might be improved, there has been less research on what other countries have been doing and how their ranking systems differ from U.S. rankings. In addition, there has been very little research on how rankings may impact students' access to postsecondary education, their selection of particular colleges, and their paths to graduate from school and/or find employment. The goal for this monograph is to better understand the ways in which ranking systems function and how lessons learned from other countries that use higher education ranking systems might influence similar practices in the United States. Toward this end, this monograph chronicles recent efforts that have brought together rankers and researchers from around the world to study higher education rankings. The monograph includes three papers that were commissioned to examine various perspectives on rankings around the world and lessons they might provide for rankings in the United States: (1) The "U.S. News" College Rankings: A View from the Inside (Alvin P. Sanoff); (2) A Global Survey of Rankings and League Tables (Alex Usher and Massimo Savino); and (3) The Impact of Higher Education Rankings on Student Access, Choice, and Opportunity (Marguerite Clarke). Includes appendix: The Berlin Principles on Ranking of Higher Education Institutions. (Contains 16 notes and 2 tables. Individual papers contain references.) [Jamie P. Merisotis, Alisa F. Cunningham, Arnold M. Kee, Tia T. Gordon, and Lacey H. Leegwater contributed to the introduction and "Next Steps."]

This paper outlines a symposium that brings together professors and graduate students from the University of Alberta to address the implications of site visitations on a graduate e-learning program within the Faculty of Education. The Master of Education in Educational Studies program is designed for the alternate, flexible delivery of graduate studies at the University of Alberta. The objective of this program is to improve graduate access to a Master of Education program in rural and urban areas of Alberta and to enhance learning via online modalities within the framework of a summer cohort residency, and in conjunction with site visitations to the M.Ed. students' schools and classrooms. The papers within this symposium present the results and implications over a two-year period of this online Master of Education program (2004 to 2006). The findings focus on trust-building in the community-based cohort model, enhancing professional practice and learning via online approaches and empowering University and school collaborations through site visitations as an embodied presence. [The two works included in this document are: (1) Implications for Master of Education Programs Delivered Online Maryanne Doherty and Jim Parsons, University of Alberta (Phil McRae); and (2) Implications of Master of Education Program Site Visitations on the Corpus (Doris Kieser). Each work contains references.]

This book includes a collection of papers on the theories, methodologies, and practice of health promotion initiatives in Europe and the Americas. The 23 chapters are: (1) "A Framework for Health Promotion Evaluation" (Irving Rootman, Michael Goodstadt, Louise Potvin, and Jane Springett); (2) "Beyond Process and Outcome Evaluation: A Comprehensive Approach for Evaluating Health Promotion Programmes" (Louise Potvin, Slim Haddad, and Katherine L. Frohlich); (3) "What Counts as Evidence: Issues and Debates" (David V. McQueen and Laurie M. Anderson); (4) "Participatory Approaches to Evaluation in Health Promotion" (Jane Springett); (5) "Transformative Alliance between Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches in Health Promotion Research" (Sylvie Gendron); (6) "Evaluation of Quality-of-Life Initiatives in Health Promotion" (Dennis Raphael); (7) "Economic Evaluation of Health Promotion" (Christine Godfrey); (8) "Health Promotion: Towards a Quality Assurance Framework" (Richard Parish); (9) "Investigating Policy Networks for Health: Theory and Method in a Larger Organizational Perspective" (Evelyne de Leeuw); (10) "Evaluating Community Health Promotion Programmes" (Louise Potvin and Lucie Richard); (11) "Evaluating Community Initiatives for Health and Development" (Stephen B. Fawcett, Adrienne Paine-Andrews, Vincent T. Francisco, Jerry Schultz, Kimber P. Richter, Jannette Berkley-Patton, Jacqueline L. Fisher, Rhonda K. Lewis, Christine M. Lopez, Stergios Russos, Ella L. Williams, Kari J. Harris, and Paul Evensen); (12) "Evaluating Health Promotion in Schools: Reflections" (Sarah Stewart-Brown); (13) "Evaluating Health Promotion Programmes in the Workplace" (Lindsay Dugdill and Jane Springett); (14) "Evaluation in Urban Settings: The Challenge of Healthy Cities" (Lisa Curtice, Jane Springett, and Aine Kennedy); (15) "Evaluating Healthy Public Policies in Community and Regional Contexts" (Alfred Rutten); (16) "Evaluation of Health Promotion Policies: Tracking a Moving Target" (Nancy Milio); (17) "Evaluation of Countrywide Health Promotion Policies: The Canadian Experience" (Reg Warren, Irving Rootman, and Rick Wilson); (18) "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Health Promotion and Population Health" (C. James Frankish, Lawrence W. Green, Pamela A. Ratner, Treena Chomik, and Craig Larsen); (19) "Social Capital: Evaluation Implications for Community Health Promotion" (Marshall W. Kreuter, Nicole A. Lezin, Laura Young, and Adam N. Koplan); (20) "Case Study: The Canadian Heart Health Initiative" (Sylvie Stachenko); (21) "Issues in Evaluating Mass-Media Health Communication Campaigns" (Vicki Freimuth, Galen Cole, and Susan D. Kirby); (22) "Investment for Health: Developing a Multifaceted Appraisal Approach" (Erio Ziglio, Spencer Hagard, and Lowell S. Levin); and (23) "Evaluation in Health Promotion: Synthesis and Recommendations" (Michael S. Goodstadt, Brian Hyndman, David V. McQueen, Louise Potvin, Irving Rootman, and Jane Springett). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

Papers, all in French, address four issues concerning linguistics and language in Quebec: language quality and linguistic reality; linguistic politics and the future of French in Quebec; the linguist's role in modern society; and dictionaries. Each section includes an untitled, substantive introduction and several papers. Papers include: "Discours sur la qualite de la langue et realite linguistique" ("Discourse on Language Quality and Linguistic Reality") by Gilles Bibeau; "Les rapports a la langue dans l'enseignement du francais" ("Accounts of Language in the Teaching of French") by Jean-Claude Gagnon; "La qualite de la langue: Discours et realite" ("Language Quality: Discourse and Reality") by Conrad Ouellon; "Debat linguistique et responsabilites collectives" (Linguistic Debate and Collective Responsibilities") by Henrietta Jonas-Cedergren; "La question linguistique au Quebec: Reconnaissance et pluralite" ("The Linguistic Question in Quebec: Recognition and Plurality") by J. Yvon Theriault; "Les contraintes juridiques et politiques qui s'imposent aux lois linguistiques du Quebec, province canadienne ou pays souverain" ("Legal and Political Constraints on Linguistic Laws in Quebec, Canadian Province or Sovereign Country") by Jose Woehrling; "Le role du linguiste dans la societe moderne" ("The Linguist's Role in Moderne Society") by Richard Patry; "Du confort et l'indifference a l'effort et la difference" ("From Comfort and Indifference to Effort and Difference" by Julie Laberge); "Le role du linguiste dans la societe: Une question de choix" ("The Linguist's Role in Society: A Question of Choice" by Diane Vincent); "A propos de l'arrimage entre le dictionnaire et la neobienseance" ("The Dictionary and Political Correctness") by Jean-Claude Boulanger; "Un nouveau dictionnaire et un dictionnaire nouveau" ("A 'New' Dictionary and a New Dictionary") by Pierre Martel and Helene Cajolet-Laganiere; "Lexicographie institutionnelle et valorisation du francais au Quebec" ("Institutional Lexicography and Valuation of French in Quebec") by Claude Poirier; "Le dictionnaire bilingue: concretisation de la realite quebecoise" ("The Bilingual Dictionary: Concretization of the Quebec Reality") by Roda Roberts. (MSE)

This book contains 21 papers from the Nordic-Canadian Learning for the Workplace Conference, which was held in Hanasaari, Espoo, Finland in June 1995. The following papers are included: "Introduction to the Nordic-Canadian Learning for the Workplace Conference" (Olli-Pekka Heinonen); "Conference Design and Process" (Diane Abbey-Livingston); "From Training to Workplace Learning: Adult Education and Organizational Learning" (Diane Abbey-Livingston); "Excerpt: Adult Education in Finland" (presented by Jorma Ahola); "Issues of Work Transitions and Training of Older Workers" (Lisa Avedon); "Studying Employability Skills in an Open Learning Environment" (Eija Bergman); "Technology and Learning: Finding the Balance" (Elizabeth J. Burge); "Labour Leadership: The Training Trust Fund Model" (John Cole); "Now that We've Come to School: On the Glorification of Training" (Patrick Flanagan); "Don't Shoot the Messenger: Creativity in Education" (Janice Gillies); "In-Service Training: A New Challenge in Swedish Advanced Further Education" (Margareta Gisselberg); "Industrial Adjustment Services: A Participatory Process for Dealing with Change" (Joakim Hermelin); "Weaving a Masterpiece: New Ways of Living, Learning and Working Together" (Kathleen Howard); "International Recognition of Engineers: The EurEta Register" (Erkki Husu); "An Effective Way to Enhance the Employability of Unemployed and Active Workers: The Joint Employability Program" (Robert Isabelle); "Education-Business Partnerships in Finland" (Tuomo Lahdeniemi); "Information Technology Change Agent" (Bengt J. Lindstrom); "Distance Education at Work" (Betty Rohdin); "Summary: Education, Training and Research in the Information Society: A National Strategy" (presented by Helena Savolainen); "Education for the Sustainable Use of Swedish Forests" (Goran Sjoberg); and "Academic Wisdom and Practical Action" (Pam Whitty). (MN)

This collection of 17 papers addresses current issues related to collective bargaining in higher education and the professions. The papers include: (1) "The American Academic Model Abroad" (Irwin H. Polishook); (2) "The European Perspective" (Gerd Kohler); (3) "Economic Integration in the North American Region: Implications for Higher Education" (Hugo Aboites); (4) "The Revolution Is Being Televised: Distance Education and the University of Maine System" (Samuel J. D'Amico); (5) "Threats to Tenure: Rhetoric and Reality" (Mary Alice Burgan); (6) "Union Activism: The Response to Regression" (Solomon Barkin); (7) "Public Higher Education Funding in the Jaws of Balanced Budget Conservatism" (William E. Scheuerman and Sidney Plotkin); (8) "Funding Higher Education in a Global Economy" (Christine Maitland); (9) "Fiscal Realities in Higher Education" (Gordon K. Davies); (10) "Dealing with Sexual Harassment in the Academic Environment" (Cynthia Adams); (11) "Sexual Harassment and Academic Freedom: A Faculty Union Perspective" (Judith Anderson); (12) "Sexual Harassment and Academic Freedom" (Ralph S. Brown); (13) "Faculty Collective Bargaining at Historically Black Colleges and Universities" (Stephen L. Finner and Marcella A. Copes); (14) "The Changing Nature of Professionalism: The Case of the Police" (Barbara Raffel Price); (15) "Campus Bargaining and the Law: The Management Perspective" (Susan L. Lipsitz); (16) "Campus Bargaining and the Law: The AAUP's Perspective" (Ann H. Franke); and (17) "Employer Militancy in Professional Sports" (Ira Berkow and Eugene Orza). (MDM)

The four articles in this monograph present issues in the application of technology to special education from an international perspective. In the first chapter, "Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems--Computer Applications for Individuals with Disabilities: An International Perspective," Richard Cardinali and George McMurdo provide a comparative review of the developments in technology-based communication systems in the United States and Scotland (United Kingdom). They argue that use of augmentative and alternative communication is currently limited due to a lack of role models, a lack of vision, and insufficient training. The second article is titled "Computer Applications for Special Needs Students: What Canadian Teachers Use and Need," by C. Laine and others. This paper reports the results of a national survey of Canadian special education teachers on special education technology including such issues as access, use, and unmet needs. The third paper is "Technology and Social Skills Training Program for Students with Special Needs in Israel: 'I Found a Solution,'" by Malka Margalit. This paper reports on five studies of students with mild disabilities who used a computer-assisted social skills program called "I Found a Solution." It suggests such programs may have tremendous value in enabling students to experiment and rehearse solutions for social conflicts. The final paper is "The Indonesian System of Caring: Beyond Technology Solutions to Human Problems" by Judy W. Kugleman. It raises questions concerning unanticipated outcomes that may arise from over-reliance on technology and the dangers of assumptions about shared beliefs and values in multicultural societies. (Papers contain references.) (DB)

These nine papers from a conference of the International Research Network for Training and Development focus on occupational classification, standards, and certification. "Introduction" (Joao Oliveria) presents synopses with highlights from the papers. Part I offers an overview of recent developments in the United States in "Occupational Standards and Certification: Past-Current-Future Trends in the United States" (David Fretwell, Sandra Pritz); Canada in "The Delimitation and Certification of Occupations in Canada" (David N. Wilson); and France, Germany, and the United Kingdom in "Industrial Certification: Lessons from Europe" (W. G. McDerment). The papers highlight issues of delimitation and certification, the role of governments, and the weight of social traditions and institutional forms in shaping new solutions. Part II allows the reader to compare how three countries--the United States, Ireland, and the Netherlands--converge on the essentials while maintaining their own ways of going about the business of occupational delimitation in "An Examination of the Work of Purchasing Managers in the United States Using Job Comparative Techniques" (Eugene W. Muller); "The Development and Implementation of National Vocational Qualifications in Purchasing: Some Issues of Validity and Value" (Andrew Erridge); and "Job Profiles of Purchasing Professionals" (M. Mulder, M. Bellemakers). Part III highlights three emerging issues. "Basic Skills: An Approach to Occupational Classification" (Joao Oliveira) suggests ways in which basic skills may form a conceptual foundation to occupational delimitation, standard setting, and certification. "A Converging System? Explaining Difference in the Academic and Vocational Tracks in England and Wales" (Tim Oates) characterizes factors that affect convergence and divergence in the academic and vocational pathways in the education and training system. "Occupational Standards and Business Ethics" (Judith Marquand) introduces an empirical and conceptual framework for addressing ethical considerations related to occupational standards and certification. (YLB)

This book consists of working papers presented at the national child care conference and is intended to rejuvenate interest in the child care agenda for the 1990s. The first paper addresses child care policy and its relationship to child and family poverty, and child care and its connection to economic and labor force strategies. The second paper examines creating a child care system within the framework of a market delivery model, and the roles played by the federal and provincial governments in creating a national child care system. The third paper describes current provincial, territorial and federal child care funding programs and policies, discusses why Canada does not have a publicly funded child care system, and makes recommendations for change. The fourth paper discusses what is needed in a comprehensive child care system and illustrates how services can be delivered and coordinated. The fifth paper explores common characteristics of child care staff, examines current work environments in child care settings, and suggests policy directions. The sixth paper emphasizes the importance of a national child care strategy in relation to the commitment to the equality of women. The seventh paper provides an overview of the experiences of a company involved in child care and other work and family issues. The last paper examines the role of private community based non-profits in a national and public system of child care. Information on membership application and publications for the Ontario Coalition for Better Child Care Network and lists of Briefs to the Ontario government and the Federal government are provided. Most papers contain references. (BAC)

This collection of 25 papers addresses current issues related to collective bargaining in higher education. The papers include: (1) "Higher Education Today" (Keith Geiger); (2) "Political Correctness, Academic Freedom, and Academic Unionism: Introductory Comments" (Matthew Goldstein); (3) "Academic Freedom and Campus Controversies: Separating Repressive Strategies from Unpopular Ideas" (Linda Ray Pratt); (4) "The Impact of Clinton's Health Care Proposal on Higher Education" (VirginiaAnn Shadwick); (5) "Health Care Workers and Health Care Reform" (Dennis Rivera); (6) "The Fiscal and Political Stresses Plaguing Higher Education Today" (Sean Fanelli); (7) "Partnerships in Uncertain Times: The California State University and the California Faculty Association" (VirginiaAnne Shadwick); (8) "The Situation of Higher Education in Quebec: Some Thoughts on the Challenges Facing the Academic Union Movement" (Roch Denis); (9) "Recent Trends in Collective Bargaining in Canada" (Donald Savage); (10) "Patterns of Professional Evaluation and Assigned Duties in Faculty Collective Bargaining Agreements" (Ernst Benjamin); (11) "Faculty Roles and Rewards in the Context of Accountability" (Lawrence Gold); (12) "Collective Bargaining and Technology" (Christine Maitland); (13) "Lesbian and Gay Campus Organizing for Domestic Partner Benefits" (Lee Badgett); (14) "Making It Work: Scholarship, Employment, and Power in the Academy" (Michele Janette and Tamara Joseph); (15) "Workers/Teachers/Students: Graduate Student Employee Collective Bargaining at the University of Michigan" (Jon Curtiss); (16) "The Need for Law Reform" (Julius Getman); (17) "Some Key Differences Between U.S. and Canada Labor Law" (Kevin Banks); (18) "The Best We Can Be" (Daniel Seymour); (19) "Implementing Total Quality Management at a Community College: The Adventure and the Lessons Learned" (Susanna B. Staas); (20) "Public Relations and University Budgets: A Union Perspective" (Arnold Cantor); (21) "Public Relations and University Budgets: A CUNY Case Study" (Jay Hershenshon); (22) "Public Relations and University Budgets: The University of Connecticut Experience" (Edward Marth); (23) "Discussion of Supreme Court Decision in 'Harris v. Forklift Systems'" (Gwendolyn Young Reams); (24) "Campus Bargaining and the Law: The Management Perspective" (Nicholas DiGiovannia, Jr. and Susan Lipsitz); and (25) "Campus Bargaining and the Law: The AAUP's Perspective" (Ann H. Franke). (MDM)

This proceedings includes the following papers presented at the 16th International Essen Symposium: "Electronic Resource Sharing: It May Seem Obvious, But It's Not as Simple as it Looks" (Herbert S. White); "Resource Sharing through OCLC: A Comprehensive Approach" (Janet Mitchell); "The Business Information Network: Improving European Enterprise through Resource Sharing" (Sheila Corrall); "Cooperative Acquisition and New Technologies for Resource Management and Resource Sharing: An American Model" (Suzanne Fedunok and Sharon Bonk); "Information Networking Issues and Initiatives: The North Texas Experience" (Mary M. Huston and Robert Skinner); "Evaluating Electronic Resources: A Study Using Three Concurrent Methods" (Beth Sandore and Kathleen Ryan); "IT and Resource Sharing in Scottish Libraries together with a Note on Image Compression Standards" (Bernard Gallivan); "The Consortium of Academic Libraries in Manchester (CALIM): Strategic and Development Planning of a New Consortium" (John Blunden-Ellis); "Information Networking in the Nordic Countries: A Swedish Perspective" (Goran Skogmar); "The Nordic SR-net Project: Implementation of the SR/Z39.50 Standards in the Nordic Countries" (Jan A Laegreid); "New Developments in Standard Numbering" (Hartmut Walravens); "The Philosophical and Practical Dimensions of Resource Sharing" (David R. McDonald); "Resource Sharing in a Changing Library Environment: Strategies and Policies in a Canadian Research Library" (Frances K. Groen); "The International Library Market for CD-ROM Publications" (Klaus G. Saur); "Group on Electronic Document Interchange (GEDI): International Co-operation for the Electronic Exchange of Documents" (David Buckle); "Retrospective Conversion of Catalogues in European Co-operative Systems" (Michael McLellan); "Fuzzy Logic: Is It a Better Bibliographical Retrieval Method for End-Users?" (Peter Ahrens); "Advances in OPACs in Europe: An Overview" (Gitte Larsen); "Improving Data Quality in an OPAC from the '70s" (Sten Hedberg); "Integrating Images into the OPAC: Issues in Distributed Multimedia Libraries" (Jack Bazuzi and Ruth Wust); "An Image Is not an Object: But It Can Help" (David L. Austin); and "Conference Summary" (Kate T. Noerr). Most of the papers contain references. Abstracts only of the following two papers are contained: "High Performance CD-ROM Network Computing" (Gerold Ritter) and "New Ways for the Delivery of Information: IT, Networks, SGML, Multimedia and So on" (Arnoud de Kemp). The seminar agenda, lists of participants and participating vendors, and an index are also included. (MES)

This volume contains 11 papers on the under-representation of women in higher education management in Bahrain, Finland, France, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria, Peru, the United States and Canada, the South Pacific and the West Indies. All papers were written by women vice-chancellors, presidents and senior managers of universities in those nations. The papers are: "Bahrain: The Role of Women in Higher Education Management in the Arab Region" (Rafica S. Hammoud); "Finland: Women in Higher Education in Finland" (Veronica Stolte-Heiskanen); "France: The Role of Women in the Administration of Higher Education in France" (Michele Gendreau-Massaloux); "India: The Place of Women in the Management of Higher Education in India" (Suma Chitnis); "Indonesia: Indonesian Women in Higher Education Management" (Mariana Setiadarma); "Malaysia: Women Managers in Higher Education in Malaysia" (Asmah Haji Omar); "Nigeria: Women in Higher Education Management--The Nigerian Context" (Grace Alele Williams); "Peru: The Woman's Role in the Administration of Higher Education in Peru" (Gladys Buzzio Zamora RSCJ); "USA/Canada: Women in Higher Education Management in the United States and Canada" (Sandra Featherman); "University of the South Pacific: Women in Higher Education Management in the South Pacific--The Case of the University of the South Pacific" (Konai H. Thaman and Sarojini Pillay); and "University of the West Indies: Staff Development and Gender Equity in the Commonwealth Caribbean Universities--The Experience of the University of the West Indies" (Gwendoline Williams and Claudia Harvey). (Some papers contain references.) (JB)

This monograph presents nine author-contributed papers which look at issues of aging and mental retardation from the perspectives of nine nations: Australia (by Trevor R. Parmenter), Great Britain (by Steve Moss), Canada (by Gerrit Groeneweg), Germany (by Gottfried Adam), Hong Kong (by John W. L. Tse), Indonesia (by D. Lianta), Japan (by Takeo Kanetsuki), the Netherlands (by Meindert J. Haveman and Marian A. Maaskant), and Singapore (by M. K. Wong). A concluding paper by the editor notes three predominating philosophies of service welfare: the Asian model (with its emphasis on family care through the extended family); the Western European model (with institutional care a major component); and the North American/United Kingdom model (characterized by a strong philosophy of normalization and deinstitutionalization). Other conclusions suggest that most countries have adopted a largely voluntary sector organization supported from government finance and that all these countries recognize the urgency of developing policies and services for the increasing numbers of older persons with developmental disabilities. An American perspective on the issues is provided in commentaries by seven American authors. Most papers include references. (DB)

This book contains 22 background papers or research studies, which were commissioned in 1990 by the Royal Commission of Inquiry, Newfoundland (Canada), to assess the delivery of services in primary, elementary, and secondary education. Part 1, "Historical Features," includes: (1) "A Historical Overview of Developments in Newfoundland's Primary-Elementary-Secondary Education System" (Lorne Wheeler); and (2) "The Administration of Newfoundland's School System: Past, Present, and Future" (Tom Pope). Part 2, "The Mandate of Schools," contains: (3) "Mandate of Schools: A Position Paper" (Lloyd Brown); (4) "Components of a Mandate Statement" (Sr. Teresita Dobbin); and (5) "Expanding Expectations-Conflicting Ideologies: Re-thinking the Process of Education in Newfoundland" (Dennis Mulcahy). The third part, "Trends in Education," is comprised of: (6) "School Councils" (Jeannie House); (7) "Community Use of Schools: Evolution or Revolution" (Tom Clift); (8) "Multi-Grading" (Regina Warren); and (9) "Distance Education" (Garfield Fizzard). The chapters in part 4, "Critical Goals for Education," include: (10) "Equalizing Educational Opportunity" (Charlotte Strong with Bryan Hartman, et al.); and (11) "Performance Indicators and System Accountability" (Robert Crocker). The fifth part, "Critical Issues in Education," contains: (12) "The Use of Instructional Time" (Alice Collins); (13) "The Changing Face of Teaching" (Eric Burry and Reginald Bonnell); and (14) "Native Education" (Frank Riggs). Chapters that comprise part 6 include: (15) "Governance and Administrative Issues" (Larry Moss); (16) "A Study of the Provision of Support Services to Schools and Teachers by School District Personnel in Newfoundland and Labrador" (Frank Cramm and Royston Kelleher); (17) "School-based Administration: Changing Roles and Expectations" (George Hickman and Dennis Treslan); (18) "Curriculum" (Clar Doyle and Dennis Mulcahy); and (19) "An Examination of Critical Factors in the Establishment of Effective School Districts" (Dennis Treslan). Part 7 includes: (20) "Costs and Consequences: An Examination of the Potential for Consolidation within the Education System and the Associated Costs" (Harold Press). The final part contains: (21) "Attitudes Toward Denominational Education in Newfoundland" (Mark Graesser); and (22) "Public Attitudes Toward Educational Change in Newfoundland, 1991" (Jeffrey Bulcock). References accompany each chapter. (LMI)

The 15 papers in this collection present a Canadian perspective on providing services to children with disabilities in regular classes and schools. The papers are grouped into three sections: Philosophical, Legal and Historical Overview; Parent and Self-Advocacy; and Innovations and Practical Applications. Chapters have the following titles and authors: "Changing Special Education Practice: Law, Advocacy and Innovation" (Gordon L. Porter and Diane Richler); "Inclusive Education as Social Policy" (Diane Richler); "Education: A System of Social Disempowerment" (Marcia H. Rioux); "Access to Equality in Education: The Power of Parents" (S. Dulcie McCallum); "Principles of Change: A Parent's Perspective on the Education System" (David Jory); "The Road to Inclusion: One Family's Story" (Alene Steinbach); "A Will To Learn: The Experiences of a Self-Advocate in the Education System" (Marcia Marcaccio); "The Methods and Resource Teacher: A Collaborative Consultant Model" (Gordon L. Porter); "Leading the Way: The Role of School Administrators in Integration" (Darlene E. Perner); "The Role of the Classroom Teacher" (Margaret Murray); "Implementing Multi-Level Instruction: Strategies for Classroom Teachers" (Jean Collicott); "Problem Solving Teams: A Thirty-Minute Peer-Helping Model" (Gordon L. Porter et al.); "Student to Student: Curriculum and the Development of Peer Relationships" (Julie Stone and Charlotte Campbell); "Beyond Behaviour: A Case of Social Intervention Strategies for a Student with Challenging Behaviours" (Brian Kelly and Jeff den Otter); "On Campus: Integrated Post-Secondary Education" (Melanie Panitch). (80 references) (DB)

This volume contains 19 papers that were presented at a conference addressing critical issues related to employment options for older persons. They are arranged in four sections that cover early retirement policies and their implications; older workers of Asia and the Pacific; the impact of technological change on the employment prospects of older persons; and the reorganization of work, leisure, and education over the life cycle. The papers are: "Work, Aging and the Life Cycle" (Xavier Gaullier); "Early Exit and the Employment of Older Workers in the 1990s in the United Kingdom" (Frank Laczko); "Early Retirement Policies and Practices in the United States" (Denise F. Loftus); "Early Retirement and the Middle-Aged" (Malcolm H. Morrison); "Ageism in the British Labor Market" (Alan Walker); "Older Workers in Asia and the Pacific" (John McCallum); "Work, Retirement and Income Security" (Lita J. Domingo); "Older Workers in a Developing Economy" (Nii-K Plange); "Older Japanese Workers" (Michiko Naoi); "The Impact of Technological Change on Employment Prospects for Older Persons" (Harvey L. Sterns); "New Technologies and the Aging of the Labor Force" (Marie-Noel Beauchesne-Florival); "The Impact of Technological Change on Employment for Older Persons from a West German Perspective" (Gerald A. Straka); "Older Workers and Technology" (Robert A. Harootyan); "Implications of Technological Advances for Canadian Workers" (Neil Charness); "The Reorganization of Work, Leisure and Education over the Life Cycle" (Jack Habib, Charlotte Nusberg); "Flexibility and Free Choice in Working Life" (Gosta Rehn); "Does Flexible Life Scheduling Have a Future?" (Fred Best); "Emerging Changes in the Structure of the Employment Relationship and Their Projected Effects on the Distinction between Work and Retirement" (Dan Jacobson); and "Leisure and the Structure of Our Life Worlds" (Jon Hendricks, Stephen J. Cutler). (KC)

The purpose of this study was to systematically reflect upon my teaching practices, and to investigate the benefits of differentiated instruction using action research methods. This paper outlines the action research process, and is a case study examining the academic, social, and emotional progress of an advanced grade three learner involved in differentiated instruction activities. Pre and post assessments of this student include interviews, writing samples, math journals, and anecdotal records. Observations indicate strong support for differentiation in the primary classroom. Differentiated instruction promotes enthusiasm, motivation and confidence towards learning. The conclusions of this paper encourage the use of differentiated instruction techniques, and the ongoing self-reflection of teachers through action research methodology.

Following a foreword (Ross Paul) and an introduction (Robert Sweet), three sections on instituting postsecondary distance learning systems across Canada are presented: access and student support, educational technology, and institutional response. The first section contains the following: "Women in Distance Education: Towards a Feminist Perspective" (Rebecca Coulter); "Building Bridges: Northern Native Teacher Training" (Robert Paulet); "Le Tuteur et le Support a l'Etudiant en Enseignement a Distance" (Celine Lebel, Bernard Michaud); and "Provision of Student Support Services in Distance Education: Do We Know What They Need?" (Gordon Thompson). Papers in the second section are as follows: "La Formation a Distance: Des Choix Technologiques et des Valeurs" (France Henri, Therese Lamy); "Third Generation Course Design in Distance Education" (David Kaufman); "Contradictory Directions for Distance: Cultural Miscegenation, or Cultural Symbiosis?" (Gary Boyd); "A Philosophy of Distance Education: Perceptivism" (Charles Brauner); "La Technologie Educative dans l'Enseignement a Distance, Son Role et Sa Place" (Louise Sauve et al.); and "Distance Learning using Communications Technologies in Canada" (Barbara Helm). The third section contains the following: "Diversity or Chaos in Canadian Distance Education? A View from Overseas" (Anthony Bates); "Canada's Open Universities: Issues and Prospectives" (Ross Paul); "Involvement with Distance Education: Issues for the University" (Margaret Haughey); "Distance Education and Accessibility to Canada's Community Colleges" (John Dennison); "Being Responsible to the Adult Distance Learner: A Secondary School Example" (Norman McKinnon); "Canadian Private Sector Distance Education: A Preliminary Analysis of Organizational Structure and Governance Issues" (Kenneth Slade, Robert Sweet); "Collaboration in Distance Education" (Abram Conrad, James Small); "Collaboration in Distance Education: British Columbia's Open Learning Agency" (Ian Mugridge); and "Collaboration in Distance Education: Ontario's Contact North/Contac Nord" (Terry Anderson, Connie Nelson). (NLA)

The collection presents six articles giving international perspectives on learning disabled (LD) adults. G. Gray begins with an analysis of "Vocational Guidance for Dyslexic School Leavers and Adults in Great Britain," in which he notes coping strategies to be used in the workplace and describes the evolution of societal attitudes to LD persons in the United Kingdom. B. Dyssegaard follows with a look at "The Transition from School to Society in Denmark.""Educational and Vocational Issues: Learning Disabled Adults in the Federal Republic of Germany" is the topic of the paper by U. Bleidick which comments upon that country's organizational flexibility as exemplified in the extension of school attendance to a voluntary 10th year. Among the "Canadian Perspectives on Youth & Adults with Learning Disabilities--1985" considered by C. Smith are views of vocational rehabilitation and barriers to success for LD people. M. Bruck adds a review of data on "The Long-Term Prognosis of Childhood Learning Disabilities: A View from Canada." In the final paper, "Learning Disabled Adults in the Netherlands: A Problem for the Future?" A. Wilmink and R. deGroot examine effects of structural provisions for LD students in that country. (CL)