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This book contains 10 papers on critical issues facing colleges and universities seeking to "internationalize" the curriculum and design good programs and services for foreign students in the United States and for American students abroad. An overview by Richard D. Lyman introduces the following papers: (1) "Foreign Student Flows and the Internationalization of Higher Education" (Richard D. Lambert); (2) "Trends in Higher Education and Its Finance in Western Europe" (Gareth Williams) (3) "Globalization of Knowledge" (Steven Muller); (4) "Technological Change and the University: Impacts and Opportunities from Global Change" (Lewis Branscomb); (5) "Technology and the Role of the Universities in a Global Information Economy" (Gerhard Friedrich); (6) "Planning for Internationalization: Experience at the University of Pennsylvania" (Michael Aiken); (7) "'Internationalizing' the Liberal Arts College" (Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.); (8) "Responding to International Challenges at MIT" (Charles Vest); (9) "Next Steps to Meeting the Challenge" (Colin Campbell); and (10) "International Opportunities and Challenges for American Higher Education in Africa, Asia, and Latin America" (Fred M. Hayward). Includes an index. Most papers contain references. (JB)

This collection of 12 essays is drawn from a May 1990 panel meeting in Paris, France in conjunction with a joint United Nations University/United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization project on "The Changing Role of the Universities." Papers are grouped into those on: the general role of the university, regional conceptions of the university, the economics of higher education, and strategies of learning. Essays include: (1) "The Idea of the University: Changing Roles, Current Crisis and Future Challenges" (Torsten Husen); (2) "Evolution of Universities" (Yash Pal); (3) "Universities in the Post-Industrial Society" (Edward W. Ploman); (4) "The Role of the University in Asia in the 21st Century" (Ungku A. Aziz); (5) "Higher Education in Africa" (T. L. Maliyamkono); (6)"Education for All in Latin America in the 21st Century and the Challenges of External Indebtedness" (Fernando Reimers); (7) "The State Socialist Model of Higher Education: An Assessment" (Pal Tamas); (8) "Higher Education in Western Europe" (Wolfgang Mitter); (9) "Economics of Higher Education" (Mark Blaug); (10) "Global Learning" (Edward W. Ploman); (11) "Distance Education" (Jean-Marc Pottiez); and (12) "Using the Media" (Naomi E. Sargant). A discussion by Edward W. Ploman on provides concluding observations about the Paris meeting. (Some papers contain references.) (MSE)

This collection of reports gives a picture of educational systems from a human rights perspective, monitoring academic freedom in the context of freedom of thought and freedom of opinion and expression. The World University Service's Lima Declaration on Academic Freedom and Autonomy of Institutions of Higher Education of 1988 is used as the guiding principle for activities that promote and monitor academic freedom. The collection of reports begins with "Monitoring the Right to Education: Reporting to UN Treaty Bodies" by Audrey R. Chapman. Following this introductory paper are four papers on Africa, including "Historical Notes on Academic Freedom in Africa" (Mahmood Mamdani) followed by area studies of Malawi (Richard Carver), South Africa (Teboho Moja and Nico Cloete), and Sudan (Abdelhadi Al-Zubeir Hamad). Part 2, "Asia and the Middle East," includes papers on China (Fang Lizhi), Burma (Myanmar) (Martin Smith), Sri Lanka (Swarna Jayaweera), Tibet (John Billington), Iran (Shahrzad Mojab), and Palestine (Penny Johnson and Emma Naughton). The third part, on Europe and North America, offers: "Access to Education for Refugees and Asylum Seekers in the Countries of Western Europe" and includes studies of Kosova (Peter Gstettner) and the United States (James North). In part 4, "Latin America and the Caribbean," papers on Haiti (Roody Edme) and Peru (Sinesio Lopez Jimenez) are presented. Two appendixes provide the text of the Lima Declaration on Academic Freedom and Institutions of Higher Education and the Kampala Declaration on Intellectual Freedom and Social Responsibility. (Each paper contains references.) (JDD)

The article discusses the wide range of cave use from our earliest ancestor to the recent past and explores the archaeology of North American caves. Topics include caves in Africa provide information on our earliest non-human, or hominid, ancestors, the australopithecines and that caves in Europe are further bringing to light some of earliest migrants out of Africa.

Thirteen viewpoints on the current character and possible future of educational goals around the world are presented in this volume. The introduction describes efforts by the International Bureau of Education and other agencies to develop an understanding of educational goals. The author also asserts the importance of the distinctions between ideal (philosophical) and practical (political) educational goals. The first chapter extends this definitional effort and adds an explication of the fundamental concepts, problems, and terms concerned. Chapter 2 reports on current concepts of educational goals affecting and affected by practices in six world regions. Chapter 3 considers the need for a balance between universally applicable goals and goals specific to individuals, cultures, and societies. Chapter 4 treats the practical relationships between changing educational goals and the achievements of existing educational systems, noting the uncertainty of evaluation standards and the need for research. Goals that should be adopted to counter threats to civilization's future are suggested in chapter 5. The educational history of the Soviet Union illustrates chapter 6's discussion of the relationship between educational forecasting and planning in formal education's subsystems. The final chapter looks at philosophical concepts of human goals and human nature and relates these concepts to education. (PGD)

Foreign study is examined from different perspectives, especially comparative ones, in 15 articles. Attention is directed to: the significance of foreign study for developing countries, national and regional policies and trends, development strategies, political and institutional dilemmas, a bibliography and a literature review. Titles and authors are as follows: "Introduction: Comparative Perspectives" (Elinor G. Barber, Philip G. Altbach, Robert G. Myers); "The Institutionalization of Overseas Education" (Norman Goodman); "Educational Exchanges and the Transformation of Higher Education in the People's Republic of China" (John N. Hawkins); "Professional Training and Institution Building in the Third World: Two Rockefeller Foundation Experiences" (James S. Coleman); "The Economic and Political Impact of Study Abroad" (Gerald W. Fry); "Britain's Full-Cost Policy for Overseas Students" (Peter Williams); "Overseas Students in Australia: Governmental Policies and Institutional Programs" (Stewart E. Fraser); "Foreign Study in Western Europe: Policy Trends and Issues" (Alan Smith); "Going Overseas for Higher Education: The Asian Experience" (William K. Cummings); "Foreign Training and Development Strategies" (R. Myers); "Overseas Training and National Development Objectives in Sub-Saharan Africa" (Joyce Lewinger Moock); "The Political Dilemmas of Foreign Study" (Hans N. Weiler); "Institutional Culture and Third World Student Needs at American Universities" (David Lansdale); "International Students and Study-Abroad Programs: A Select Bibliography" (Y. G.-M. Lulat); and "English as a Second Language: An Overview of the Literature" (Robert B. Kaplan). (SW)

Divided into seven sections, the presentations contained in these proceedings give an international perspective on the growth of democracy in the world, and the many obstacles that might inhibit it. The first section, on Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union contains papers from four East Block scholars who discuss the rise of democracy in communist Europe. The section on Africa includes papers by four African panelists who discuss the development of democracy in light of the continent's historical, geographical, cultural, social, and political background. The "Luncheon Session" section has four presentations on democracy and human rights, focusing on Central American and Caribbean countries. The section on Latin America and the Caribbean includes papers by four panelists who discuss democracy against the backdrop of the region's economics, politics, social change, and serious problems such as drug trafficking, which influence and are influenced by democractic reform. The section on Asia contains four papers that discuss democratic development in China, India, the Philippines, and Turkey. A section headed "Senatorial Remarks" contains brief addresses by U.S. Senators John McCain and Lloyd Bentsen, in which they comment on the conference and democratic changes in the world. The final section contains four addresses presented at the "Idea of Democracy" panel. Final sections report on the conference's State Department reception, the award luncheon, and the president's meeting with awardees. A list of conference participants other than those whose names approved as speakers is given at the conclusion of the book. (AS)