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This study is to investigate how citing behavior for a scientific article changes over time. A highly cited article is chosen to collect citation content from its 902 citing articles. Natural language processing and content analysis are adopted to encode citation content and complete the statistics of citation behavior. Citation content analysis indexes including citation mention, length, and location, are used to describe the changes of citation behavior over time. The experimental results show that there is correlation between citing time with most of the indexes and that citation mention and citation length are declining while the number of the citation co-occurrences is increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, some research that otherwise would have been conducted in person pivoted to online platforms. This poster paper describes lessons learned from an online study of information behavior by individuals with long‐term information needs, focusing on what was learned about how to conduct such a study online. Broadly, three themes are evident: (1) Trust mechanisms were weaker than would be expected for an in‐person study, resulting in greater coordination difficulties; (2) What seemed to be a fair reimbursement rate appears to have provided an outsized incentive for fraud; and (3) Zoom proved to be sufficiently capable as a platform for remote use of software for a study that had not originally been designed with remote use in mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In this paper, we address daily reading practices of the general public in Russia analyzing 10 months of log data from the commercial ebook site Bookmate. We study different reading characteristics with ebooks, i.e. the reading volume and preferences, reading schedule, reading speed and reading style (including parallel reading patterns and book abandonment rates), with respect to reader gender, book length and genre of the book. We find that book genres impact certain reading behaviors, while gender differences or book length seem to play less of a role in ebook reading. Parallel book reading and book abandonment occur very frequently, possibly pointing towards changing reading behaviors in the ebook environment. The obtained insights demonstrate the high potential of log analysis for book reading studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short paper examines social interaction (e.g. asking colleagues for help in the lunchroom) as an informative experience, a way to understand oneself and situation. The process of coming to an understanding is frequently hidden, but may be brought to light by examining the experiences of individuals undergoing a transition – a change that requires them to redefine their sense of self and situation. Using exemplars from previous research and drawing on Lave and Wenger's (1991) theory of situated learning, this paper explores the importance of social interaction to information practices. The role of social interaction will be discussed, including: information seeking to become part of a community, and social interaction as a source of information and as a site for information comparison (a type of information use) to situate oneself in a new environment. The paper proposes making social interaction a focus of study to better understand how individuals use information to change perception about and situate themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our efforts to design an ethical information future, we must develop a deeper understanding of the information phenomena in everyday lived experience. Based on work in cultural theory and philosophy, art seems to present an illuminating domain for the study of everyday life. This paper presents findings from an exploratory, phenomenology‐of‐practice study of the information behavior of artists. These findings serve as an entryway to information phenomena that have largely gone unexplored in information behavior. The study builds on the literature of everyday information behavior and artists' information behavior, and it draws on a nascent information behavior theory that recognizes understanding as an epistemic aim and conceptualizes understanding as an information constellation. In this study, seven local artists documented their process creating self‐portraits, and semi‐structured follow‐up interviews were conducted. This paper reports on the findings from four of these artists, demonstrating how memories, the lived environment, profound experiences, and online browsing were informative and contributed to the artists' understandings. It closes by discussing the meaning of these findings for the future of information science, suggesting that the information employed by artists might be recognized and appreciated more widely throughout society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

False information, also known as misinformation or disinformation, has long been a serious concern in health information behavior research. The phenomenon of false information in health information behavior is complex and multifaceted, and it involves a range of factors related to the production, dissemination, and consumption of health information. This paper aims to understand through which channels people receive false health information and which information behavior patterns exist towards this kind of information. Based on 21 qualitative semi‐structured interviews with interactive and visual participative elements, five patterns of health information behavior towards the receivement of false health information were identified. Further, a strong relationship between these patterns, the context in which false health information was encountered, and the information source was observed. Additionally, two specific information behavior patterns (information avoidance and intentional non‐information behavior) as well as the urgency and impact of false information on the health of individuals and society, were identified as potential drivers for the dissemination of false health information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Through the findings from a longitudinal survey and the preliminary analysis of the follow-up interviews, this paper explores how international newcomer students' needs for local information and their information-seeking behavior develop during adjustment to new host environments. Also, this study examines the relationships between their local information behaviors and the demographic and socio-national contexts of newcomer students. The results are discussed in a way to deepen our understanding of international students' information-seeking behavior during adjustment to unfamiliar local environments and the various contexts that shape the changes of their information behavior over time. Finally, this paper provides implications for developing information behavior models and theories in the contexts of newcomers and for designing information systems, policies, and services to better support international students' information practices and adjustment in unfamiliar environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an era of information overload, people often work together on information‐intensive projects. Group holidaying is such an example where people plan and conduct trips together. In this poster paper we present preliminary findings from an ongoing investigation of collaborative information behaviour of group holidaymakers. Through a grounded‐theory approach, preliminary findings show that not all members of the travel group engage equally in the information search. A role labelled "active followers" is identified and the role‐taker's contribution to the group's information seeking and decision‐making is discussed. This paper calls for attention to heterogeneity within collaborating groups and invites further discussion of research into this topic in information science community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the findings of a research project into the information seeking practices of local government decision‐makers in terms of collaborative information seeking (CIS) and expertise seeking. It finds that the participants do collaborate in information seeking and that there is a clear preference for personal information sources. The generally accepted definition of CIS as groups collectively seeking information in the performance of common projects or tasks is found to have limited applicability in many real‐life situations. Conversely, viewing expertise seeking as an individual activity in which another person is selected as an information source based on their high level of knowledge or skill does not reflect the collaborative nature of the modern organization. It is argued that neither approach adequately accounts for the full range of behaviors observed in practice, and that research into organizational information behavior would benefit from a conceptual amalgamation of CIS and expertise seeking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents preliminary findings from an in-depth, exploratory study aimed at gathering an understanding of mobile knowledge workers' information practices, which are presumed distinct from those of non-mobile, stationary, centrally located workers. Its focus arises from a need to understand more, from an empirical standpoint, about the information practices of this increasingly visible yet understudied population. Semi-structured interviews with sixteen mobile knowledge workers suggest that this demographic hones distinct but intertwined practices around dealing with information. Five of these are discussed here; together, they compose a broader mobile knowledge work 'deportment' of sorts. Mobile knowledge workers also appear to use bottom-up technological infrastructures to mediate their information practices, ones that are enacted independently of any organization for which they may work. This is discussed as a ripe area for further research. This paper's findings are relevant for advancing research around mobile knowledge work and information practices generally, and for organizations seeking to better support the work of their own mobile employees specifically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to support innovative scholarship, digital library development must be informed by an understanding of new modes of scholarly production. This paper considers an emergent genre of scholarly publication in the humanities: the digital thematic research collection. While thematic research collections have grown in number and academic significance over the past decade, and this is reflected in the literature on scholarly practice, we do not have a definitive grasp on this exciting phenomenon. What significant features distinguish thematic research collections as a mode of scholarly production? This paper describes a pilot study conducted as part of a project investigating the significant features of thematic research collections. A stronger understanding of thematic research collections will contribute to evolving scholarly evaluation processes for tenure and promotion and the advancement of digital libraries to support new modes of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights findings of two health information‐seeking studies and applies them to the design of personal health library. Both studies focus on themes related to information marginalization and access – the first among Black and Latina tween and teen girls, and the second among autistic (Autistic Self‐Advocacy Network, 2019) teens and young adults. The paper presents emergent findings related to common information values and defensive information behaviors among both study samples and examines implications for design of personal health records & libraries for groups traditionally marginalized in U.S. healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work‐in‐progress paper reports preliminary analysis of an online survey of 224 university students (undergraduate or graduate), examining their help‐seeking behavior, information needs, information‐seeking behavior, and information‐seeking satisfaction when experiencing stress, anxiety, or depression symptoms. Information on the Internet was the most commonly used source of help and information. While most demonstrated at least mild mental illness symptoms, students were inclined to seek information around self‐help/care rather than around professional help. This study extends information behavior research to the mental health context, and our future analyses will assess how students' information behavior relates to their psychological and sociodemographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining truth and accuracy of information is a key challenge in today's fast‐paced, global information economy dominated by social media. The field of Information Science, while publishing extensively on information seeking and use, has not done sufficient research into how individuals detect falsehood or deception in information they encounter. This paper describes Levine's Truth‐Default Theory (TDT) and links information behavior (IB) research to three vital aspects of the theory. Furthermore, this work demonstrates how TDT can be merged with T.D. Wilson's General Theory of Information Behavior, applying decades of research on deception detection to foundational IB theory. Implications of marrying these two ideas are discussed as well as suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although using mobile phone apps to track and monitor mental health is increasingly popular, we know little about how and why people with mental health diagnoses use such technologies, nor do we know of concerns they may express about these apps. Further, automated assessments of mental health status, or digital phenotyping, are also on the rise; how people with mental health conditions feel about such technologies is also an underexplored area of research. This paper presents an exploratory interview study with 12 people that begins to address these gaps. We focus specifically on how participants, who all have been diagnosed mental health conditions, perceive tech companies' involvement with existing mental health apps and mental health digital phenotyping. We find that participants satisfice in order to interact with existing mood tracking apps, and that they are wary of digital phenotyping for mental health diagnostics. Participants raise concerns related to profit motives, distrust, and fatalism in both cases, and they recommend regulations that may be put in place to keep tech companies in check. Though participants describe regulatory policies that may mitigate their concerns, we question whether regulations can truly foster sustainable interactions with mental health apps operated by technology companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this exploratory paper is to begin to explicate the concept of epistemicide and articulate its function within the information field. We define epistemicide as the killing, silencing, annihilation, or devaluing of a knowledge system. It is not that we are unaware of the injustices happening within our field, but rather, that we are not in discussion across sub‐fields considering the idea that the collective injustices exist and are problematic on individual and systemic levels. We believe epistemicide happens when several epistemic injustices, such as hermeneutical or testimonial injustices, occur collectively reflecting a structured and systemic oppression of particular ways of knowing. We present epistemicide and epistemic injustice as a concept for understanding and addressing ways knowledge systems are silenced, devalued, or annihilated within library and Information Science (LIS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study reported in this paper is part of an ongoing project that aims to advance the understanding of older migrants' information behavior in transition and their resilience in leveraging information and technology to achieve social integration into a new country. Through the lens of transition theory, this research investigates the information behavior of Chinese migrants to Australia at an older age (i.e., late‐life migrants), which is little reported in the migrant information behavior literature. Older Chinese migrants' transition process entailed disconnectedness from previous information practices, perceptions of marginalization and having limited access to resources in English, and construction of new/extended information landscape by participating in ethnic associations and using WeChat for communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper is the first to present a study of information behavior of Latinos in the Midwestern U.S. It begins addressing gaps in knowledge about Latinos, particularly immigrants, and their information seeking and use of the mobile, social web in rural areas of the U.S. Midwest. Interviews were conducted in 2016 and 2017 with 20 Midwestern Latinos - 15 immigrants to the United States and five native-born. We find that interviewees use many well-known social media platforms such as Facebook and YouTube as well as online resources to meet their information needs. Many prefer to consult trusted sources, making social media access desirable. Midwestern Latinos have adopted a number of the same information seeking practices as other immigrants and marginalized peoples, which may be different from practices of dominant populations in rural areas. Given their preferences, Latinos we interviewed will be best served by access to trusted information in the languages they speak, often presented orally such as in video format. For this, a reliable internet connection and internet-enabled device are key. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Application of the results of an information behavior study and domain analysis of Classics scholars of Latin, graduate students, and high school teachers are presented. The study was conducted to inform the design of the Digital Latin Library. Interviews and task demonstrations were conducted with 16 participants. An in depth domain analysis was also conducted to help researchers and system developers further understand the discipline of Classics and the unique system needs of this community. This paper outlines the detailed work analysis of one aspect of the Classical scholars' scholarly work, development of a critical edit ion, and shows how we modeled this process within the system design. We also illustrate how the rich findings produced from information behavior studies and domain analysis can be used in information representation design of complex, discipline specific systems. Further, it shows how the two methodological approaches within LIS can be used together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Participatory mapping is a promising data collection method for use in information behavior (IB) research. It provides an opportunity for participants to think spatially and critically about their community-based information practices. This methodology paper provides an example and offers some critical insights into the use and value of participatory mapping. We present our experiences using this method in a study of community-based health information seeking by LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer) youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participant reactivity - a phenomenon in which the responses and/or behaviors of study participants are affected by their awareness that they are part of a study - is often deemed to be a potential threat to the research validity of a study's findings. However, a growing number of studies report that research processes that engender participant reactivity may actually lead to important benefits both for participants (e.g., therapeutic benefits) and researchers (e.g., deeper understandings and more relevant and actionable findings). This mutually beneficial situation can help to maximize a different type of validity termed "street validity" by Greenwood (as cited in Boudah & Lenz, 2000; 2003), which directly relates to research impact. This paper reports findings from a longitudinal mixedmethod investigation of the information behavior of people with type 2 diabetes, focusing on participants' self-reports regarding whether/how they felt that participating in the study had influenced (or will influence) their behavior. Many participants described specific ways in which they found their participation helpful. For example, they reported that it led to decreased denial, increased self-awareness, and improved motivation to look for and make use of diabetes-related information. This paper explores the potential trade-off between research validity and street validity within a qualitative study and posits that, as was the case with this study, important lessons can be learned as a result of directly questioning participants about whether/how their participation in the study influenced them and that these lessons can perhaps be implemented within the context of applying the research findings in assisting other people from the study population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper conducted a user experiment to explore dynamic changes of users' cross‐device search performance. By analysing the experiment results, the change of users' search performance was presented and the impact of directions of device‐switch on users' search performance was explored. This paper also provided suggestions for improving cross‐device search system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Browsing has long been acknowledged as a critical information seeking strategy. Previous research on information browsing—browsing for books, videos or other items for which decisions have to be made based on an information surrogate—has focused on browsing in a physical context, and much of it predates technology found online today. We lack empirical data from the contemporary digital context to describe how people browse online. This study adopted scenario‐based interviews and observations to investigate people's online information browsing behaviour. Based on a qualitative analysis of the data, we proposed an online browsing journey model formed by four iterative activities: Choose the Browsing Collection, Select Candidates from the Browsing Collection, Inspect the Selected Candidates, Generate and Edit the Candidate list. This model offers novel insight into how people browse in the existing online context, which also forms the basis for further online browsing research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning, or addressing a gap in one's knowledge, is an important motivator behind information‐seeking activities. The Search as Learning research community advocates that information search systems should be reconfigured to become educational platforms to foster learning and sensemaking. Modern search systems have yet to adapt to support this function. An important step to foster learning during search is to identify behavioral patterns that distinguish searchers gaining more vs. less knowledge during search. Previous efforts have primarily studied searchers in the short term, typically during a single lab session. Researchers are concerned over this ephemeral approach, as learning is not fleeting, and takes place over time. We propose an exploratory longitudinal study to analyze the long‐term searching behaviour of students enrolled in a university course, over the span of a semester. Our research aims are to identify if and how students' searching behaviour changes over time, as they gain new knowledge on a subject; and how processes like motivation, metacognition, self‐regulation, and other individual differences moderate their "searching as learning" behaviour. Findings from this exploratory longitudinal study will help to build improved information search systems that foster human learning and sensemaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws on affective load theory to explore the characteristics of users' affective load in collaborative searching. In this experimental study, a total of 32 participants were recruited and divided into 16 pair‐groups. Each pair‐group collaboratively completed three search tasks in the Coagmento system. Users reported more irritation than anxiety, frustration, and rage. Moreover, the greater a task's perceived difficulty, the higher the irritation, anxiety and frustration felt by users. Users' affective load was higher when they spent more time on a search than they expected to. Conversely, their sense of retrieval success, self‐motivation to search contributed to reducing users' perceived affective load, but not as much as satisfaction with collaborative search results, and satisfaction with collaborative task outcomes did. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and communication technologies play a critical role at home, school, and work for people of all ages. At the same time, use of these technologies can present challenges to privacy and security. In this study, we apply the concept of funds of knowledge to understand how families develop knowledge and skills around using technology and protecting personal information. Funds of knowledge explains how people gain knowledge and highlights how learning happens in a variety of environments beyond the classroom. Through interviews with 52 families living in economically disadvantaged communities in the United States, we develop a typology of privacy funds of knowledge in families. We also explore how privacy funds of knowledge inform families' privacy practices. We conclude the paper by identifying how these findings inform the development of resources for families to further enhance their digital practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper challenges the existing dichotomy between "everyday" and "workplace" information practices and uses an expansive understanding of work to make visible the often invisible and unpaid forms of work required to make everyday life possible. After an overview of existing understandings and applications of work within LIS, two studies that take up the information work of caring for a family member living with a chronic illness demonstrate that everyday life information practices transcend domestic and organizational contexts. The unpredictability of a chronic illness leads caregivers to undertake numerous and simultaneous lines of work in their everyday and every night lives, including information, document, affective, avoidance, and articulation work, among others. We argue that using the notion of work is a strategy to acknowledge, name, and count those everyday life information practices that are so commonplace they risk becoming unnoticed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the findings from an online survey investigating how new students seek geospatial information in an unfamiliar environment. By surveying 149 new graduate students at University of Maryland, College Park, this study identifies the geospatial information needs and information sources used during their adjustment in new environments, and examines the factors that may affect different geospatial information behaviors (GIBs) of new students, such as populousness of students' countries of origin on campus, gender, age, and program level (Master's, PhD). Findings include (1) international students' greater emphases on survival-related geospatial information; (2) gender differences in the importance of navigational and transportation information and frequency of using navigational information sources during adjustment; (3) significant differences among socio-national and demographic groups for geospatial information needs and for the use of information sources. The findings are discussed in ways to further our understanding of new students' GIB in unfamiliar environments and inform further research in human information behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects upon the development of a digital platform using a theoretically informed, bottom‐up approach to the co‐production where the researchers were immersed in the design and development process. It draws upon three concepts from activity theory illustrating how each illuminates the development of the platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of an ongoing project, this paper investigates the LGBTQ+ individual's emotions they expressed when seeking information and support in online communities by analyzing online user generated posts in LGBT Chats & Forums. Sixty‐one posts that contained emotional texts were coded using content analysis. Seven categories of emotions emerged from the analysis: fear, uncertainty, sadness, anger, shame, joy and others. The results show that emotions LGBTQ+ individuals expressed in their online requests are often unpleasant and evoked their needs of informational and emotional supports. The findings contribute to the existing knowledge of how LGBTQ+ individuals cope with unpleasant emotions and how online communities can better support sexual and gender minority people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals' cultural backgrounds influence their use of societal resources, including libraries. A literature search and review was completed on the treatment of culture in library and information science (LIS) in the body of work on information behaviour and use. While much of the literature reviewed cites culture as an important influence, few researchers define culture as a concept, nor do they explore in detail the factors that it comprises. In this body of work culture is primarily used in two ways: (a) to differentiate groups of library users; and (b) to draw attention to questions of integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Searching as learning work is growing in interest, however definitions of 'learning' in this space have been somewhat narrow. Here we propose a panel sponsored by SIG InfoLearn that will feature presentations from three scholars whose work falls in the domain of "searching as learning," followed by a synthesis presented by a fourth scholar along with one of the panelists, who will draw key conceptual intersections among the three empirical research papers and then explicate linkages to existing research in the learning sciences that has potential to further inform the ongoing development of the panelists' and others' work in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As newcomers, international students face information challenges in unfamiliar environments. Studies have reported that social and online resources, such as friends and the Internet, are their important sources of information, but research is less clear about how international students seek information through social sources. This paper examines social information practices of new international students in a U.S. university during adjustment to their new local environments. Also, based on prior studies, we investigate how international students' socio‐national context, specifically the degree to which there are co‐nationals in one's local environments, shapes their social information practices. Findings show that international students from common countries of origin (China, India, and Korea) developed online and mobile communities with co‐national students and shared local information among them while most international students from other less common countries did not engage in such co‐national networking and information practices. This paper suggests that information behavior theories account for people's socio‐national contexts to better inform research and practice involving internationally mobile individuals and groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, more and more people migrate to different parts of the world. Previous studies showed that these newcomers use various online and social sources to acquire information in new countries, but a few recent studies have indicated that "wandering" is a type of information behavior that newcomers use to become familiar with their new environments. This paper extends our knowledge of wandering behavior by examining international newcomer students' wandering and information acquisition based on findings from a study of international students' information behavior. Also, we add to the existing literature on information behavior (IB) models and theoretical concepts by analyzing wandering through the lenses of Wilson's information behavior model and Erdelez's concept of information encountering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weibo is a widely used social media platform showing all kinds of information related to the COVID‐19 pandemic promptly in China. Official media and private media are two typical types of media on Weibo. Due to the different characteristics of these two media types, in the context of public health emergencies, it is worth exploring whether there are differences in the users' interactive behavior with information from these two types of media. This is of great significance to the integration and development of these two types of media.This study obtained data on the interaction behaviors of Weibo users with posts published by the two media types at various stages of the pandemic. Statistical analyses have confirmed significant differences in interaction behavior data between users and these two media types. In future research, based on the findings of this study, we will investigate the reasons behind these differences to provide relevant guidelines and suggestions for the release of different media in public health emergencies by conducting a deep dive analysis of user reviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the roles of fiction reading in mitigating readers' stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic, this study explores readers' motivations, preferences, and reading behaviors. Through an open‐ended online survey posted on social media platforms and an online reading community, the researchers collected 76 responses from adult fiction readers. Through qualitative coding, three prominent themes were identified: escapism, re‐reading behavior, and access and format. Readers actively escape into fictional worlds, often through re‐reading books, to cope with the pandemic. Also, cost and available channels of access shape readers' selection of fiction book format. These themes highlight elements of fiction reading that are pertinent to emotionally‐strained individuals, which can provide insight for reference and recommendation services. By advancing researchers' understanding of pleasure reading behaviors and the important selection criteria for fiction readers during stressful times, this study contributes to the body of knowledge in Readers Advisory (RA) and information behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Although many people cope with illness by seeking information, a considerable proportion of the population prefers to avoid information, aiming to maintain or increase their uncertainty in order to control their anxiety and/or maintain hope. Drawing on a large ( n = 3,677), nationally representative survey dataset (the U.S. National Cancer Institute's 2014 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)), this paper investigates the prevalence of information avoidance (defined here as agreement with the statement, 'I'd rather not know my chance of getting cancer') among the U.S. adult population and identifies associations between information avoidance and other types of demographic, information-seeking, cognitive/perceptual and social factors. The overarching aim of this research is to explore whether and how the concepts of information avoidance, health literacy and health justice are interrelated. Based on a literature review and a secondary analysis of the HINTS data set, information avoidance, limited health literacy and a lack of health justice appear to be intricately interwoven. In conclusion, suggestions are made as to how we might use these findings to interrupt the usual progression from low health literacy to poor health outcomes, thereby helping to decrease health disparities and address the lack of health justice in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Scholarship across disciplines is changing in the face of digital methodologies, novel forms of evidence and new communication technologies. In the humanities, scholars are confronting and often pioneering innovative ways of viewing, reading, interacting with, collecting, interpreting, contextualizing and sharing their sources, including digital primary sources and data derivatives. This paper reports on one piece of a multimodal study that aims to help us characterize an important, still evolving genre of digital scholarship: the thematic research collection. Using a close, systematic analysis of collections' data models and infrastructures, this study considers the questions: How do the technical designs of thematic research collections contribute to their purposes, functions and uses? What do variations in their designs teach us about the genre as a whole? An analysis of the purposes and designs of scholar-built collections of humanities evidence has implications for the development of digital collections and aggregations generally and the future shapes of digital scholarship and communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT As practitioners of new forms of consumption and production, fans represent an important area for research. Specifically, fans of 'transmedia systems' - media-hopping networks of intertextualities that extend the narrative world of an original production - employ unique tactics for negotiating a complex information space. The study of such tactics provides valuable insights on the everyday information behaviors of modern post-digital readers and media consumers that could benefit literacy and community engagement. Despite this, fans have received little attention in the information behavior literature. Therefore, this paper seeks to contribute new empirical understandings of the transmedia fan to the information behavior domain. The author undertook a pilot case study of the Game of Thrones transmedia fandom. Using a grounded theory approach, the qualitative coding of 400 online user comments revealed four types of tactics employed by fans to negotiate the transmedia system: sentimental, reasoned, relational and comic. A discussion of these tactics and the ways in which fans use them results in a preliminary definition and information behavior cycle model for the transmedia fan. The study's findings offer key observations about the everyday information behavior of fans and about reading and media consumption practices in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Refugee integration processes and systems are complex for refugees. They find them difficult to navigate and thus often end up disadvantaged. This paper presents the first set of findings from an ongoing information behaviour research study into refugee integration. The study explores the situational experiences of refugees and asylum seekers engaging with integration processes and systems through individual semi-structured interviews. Dervin's sense-making methodology was used to elicit the information gaps. The findings reveals refused asylum situation during integration and highlight information needs embedded in processes and systems of refugee integration. The results have implications for reducing the complexity of service provision during refugee integration. In addition, the approach expands previous studies and highlights the depth a situational investigation can bring to information behaviour studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper reports the findings of a study investigating the relationship between information seekers' selection and use of information sources and their perceptions of information seeking outcomes (i.e., successes and failures) in the context of information seeking barriers as well as contextual factors such as knowledge, emotions and social role. Fifty-three participants performed four simulated information-seeking tasks over a two-day period and reported their experiences and findings in an online logbook. Semi-structured interviews with 23 participants were also conducted in order to examine the issues that arose from the logbook. Data collected from the study were analyzed by applying both qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings suggest that use of impersonal sources provides a higher likelihood of successful outcomes in information seeking episodes compared to interpersonal sources. Meanwhile, interpersonal sources were found to be more effective in providing personalized information. Moreover, there were no significant associations among users' education, cognitive and emotional characteristics, and other contextual factors and successes and failures in information seeking. Lastly, constraints such as, lack of help from people, unreliable information, and time limitation seemed to influence information seeking outcomes and increase the chances of unsuccessful results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Reading fiction is a neglected area of study in information behavior research, even as such research has expanded to include investigation of different kinds of behavior by more kinds of people, and an expanded repertoire of research methods and fields. Using data from a small empirical study (n=8) and research from five fields other than information science, the paper reports on participants' reading of fiction and those five fields' study of how reading fiction is informative. Considering fiction informative has two important outcomes: we (1) understand information behavior better and (2) address important problems in information science theory. Such problems include frustrated attempts to define information, the (generally hidden) gendered character of information science and information behavior research, the misguided conduit metaphor and an overemphasis on cognition at the expense of practice, documents and materiality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the landscape of data-sharing practices in social sciences via the data sharing profile approach. Guided by two pre-existing conceptual frameworks, Knowledge Infrastructure (KI) and the Theory of Remote Scientific Collaboration (TORSC), we design and test a profile tool that consists of four overarching dimensions for capturing social scientists' data practices, namely: 1) data characteristics, 2) perceived technical infrastructure, 3) perceived organizational context, and 4) individual characteristics. To ensure that the instrument can be applied in real and practical terms, we conduct a case study by collecting responses from 93 early-career social scientists at two research universities in the Pittsburgh Area, U.S. The results suggest that there is no significant difference, in general, among scholars who prefer quantitative, mixed method, or qualitative research methods in terms of research activities and data-sharing practices. We also confirm that there is a gap between participants' attitudes about research openness and their actual sharing behaviors, highlighting the need to study the 'barrier' in addition to the 'incentive' of research data sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present preliminary findings from an exploratory mixed-methods study of foreign-language searchers' credibility assessment of web documents when searching in English. Findings highlight a set of criteria used by these searchers to assess the credibility and accuracy of English web sources, the most frequent of which relates to source reputation. Foreign language searchers are more likely to trust an English language source if it is familiar or if it is the official source of information. Design aesthetics and functionality also have an impact on credibility. Findings have implications for the design of online sources that better support credibility assessments of foreign-language searchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Drawing upon research and current development work at Europeana, this paper discusses search functionality in the Cultural Heritage sector, focusing in particular on the question of 'inspiration-oriented' search, in which users seek out previously-unknown items to serve as creative stimulus. Inspiration-oriented search is identified as a variant of the more widely-studied problem of serendipitous retrieval, and defined as an information-seeking behavior in which users consciously search for items that are related to known items in ways that are recognizable once seen, but that are nevertheless unpredictable at search-time. Various strategies for the maximization of both the recognisability and unpredictability of related items are then described, including user-interface and user-experience changes and the reconceptualization of datastores as knowledge graphs. Directions for further research are then outlined - including, most importantly, possible metrics for inspiration-oriented search and their potential for use in machine-learning ranking frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Although researchers have grappled with conceptualizations of time in relation to information behavior, the effect of time on information practices has been a challenge to study and theorize. Longitudinal naturalistic methods provide an opportunity to observe information practices in context over time, but have infrequently been used in information research. This paper presents a qualitative ethnographic exploration of the changes over time in the information practices of a group of young parents in Canada, a population experiencing substantial life changes as young adults and new parents both. Using grounded theory, this analysis explores time-related processes in the lives of young parents and they ways these processes affect information practices such as seeking, sharing, and use of information. Three case examples illustrate the interplay over time of individual characteristics, setting, and events, and the impact on an individual's information practices. Based on these findings, a theoretical model to inform future investigations of information practice evolution over time is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper reports the findings of research into young people's experiences of political information. We used a phenomenographic approach to identify variations in experiences of political information. The research explores how young people use information and technology to mediate political information to develop knowledge to become informed citizens. It focuses on how processes of discovery, production, retrieval, manipulation, dissemination, use, and evaluation of information are utilised in different ways by young people through a range of information behaviour techniques. 23 interviews and 3 focus groups were conducted with pupils aged 14-15 at a secondary school in England. The interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcripts and notes taken during the data collection sessions formed the data for analysis. Phenomenographic analysis was carried out, utilising manual coding and NVivo software. A phenomenographic outcome space represents the six qualitatively different ways in which the participants experienced political information, and identifies a range of political information sources, including social media and online news sources, which inform young people's political knowledge and attitudes. The outcome space illustrates the differences in ways young people experience political information and suggests potential for development to more complex ways of understanding the information they encounter. This represents a contribution to understanding the variation in information experiences and is of theoretical and practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The study of information science and technology has expanded over the years to include more kinds of people, more kinds of behavior, more methods, and a broader inclusion of fields. There is at least one area, however, where very few information studies scholars have tread: entertainment, particularly fiction. Yet many fields indicate that information studies should consider fiction. In this paper, we discuss how fiction is an informative genre and reasons why information studies scholars have mostly ignored fiction. We also identify potential research directions for studying fiction. We provide a summary of works about fiction and information, discuss motivations for expanding (and not expanding) information studies beyond what it is and has been, and we use an exploratory study of one example of a fiction-interaction - reading Young Adult novels - to illustrate how fiction is important to information behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe a quantitative study of personality aspects and their relationship with web search information behavior. We start with introducing personality and give an overview of information behavior research concerning personality aspects. In our study of 30 participants, their personality traits were operationalized by using a version of the Big 5, the B5T, a psychometric questionnaire that maps personality on different dimensions. The participants performed search tasks in a web context and data concerning their information behavior was collected via search logs as well as questionnaires. We show that there are selective correlations of slight and intermediate strength between the variables of information behavior and the personality dimensions. Finally, we discuss possible explanations and implications as well as new impulses for information behavior and retrieval research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a preliminary study of issues pertaining to the information needs, sources and behaviors of Pokemon Go players. Participants were found to be passive in the fulfillment of their information needs and they expressed a willingness to share information with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]