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5,909 results on '"Wilkinson, David"'

4. Global distribution modelling of a conspicuous Gondwanian soil protist reveals latitudinal dispersal limitation and range contraction in response to climate warming

Author

Bruni, Estelle P., Rusconi, Olivia, Broennimann, Olivier, Adde, Antoine, Jauslin, Raphaël, Krashevska, Valentyna, Kosakyan, Anush, du Châtelet, Eric Armynot, Alcino, João P. B., Beyens, Louis, Blandenier, Quentin, Bobrov, Anatoly, Burdman, Luciana, Duckert, Clément, Fernández, Leonardo D., Gomes e Souza, Maria Beatriz, Heger, Thierry J., Koenig, Isabelle, Lahr, Daniel J. G., McKeown, Michelle, Meisterfeld, Ralf, Singer, David, Voelcker, Eckhard, Wilmshurst, Janet, Wohlhauser, Sebastien, Wilkinson, David M., Guisan, Antoine, and Mitchell, Edward A. D.

Published
2024

10. Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019: National Report for England. Research Report

Author

Department for Education (DfE) (United Kingdom), Richardson, Mary, Isaacs, Tina, Barnes, Iain, Swensson, Christina, Wilkinson, David, and Golding, Jennie

Abstract

The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an international comparison study of mathematics and science performance, organised by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). The study's main purpose is to provide participating countries with internationally comparable data on the performance and attitudes of 9-10-year olds (year 5) and 13-14-year olds (year 9) in mathematics and science, together with comparisons of the curriculum and the teaching of these subjects in primary and secondary schools. Sixty-four countries and benchmarking systems participated in TIMSS 2019. This report focuses on comparisons of England's pupils' performance and their experiences of mathematics and science teaching compared to the highest-performing countries, other English-speaking countries and a selection of other European countries.

Published
2020

14. Is Pupil Attainment Higher in Well-Managed Schools?

Author

Bryson, Alex, Stokes, Lucy, and Wilkinson, David

Abstract

Linking the Workplace Employment Relations Surveys 2004 and 2011 to administrative data on pupil attainment in England we examine whether secondary and primary schools who deploy more intensive human resource management (HRM) practices have higher pupil attainment. We find intensive use of HRM practices is positively and significantly correlated with higher labour productivity and quality of provision, and with better financial performance, most notably in primary schools, but it is not associated with higher pupil attainment as indicated by assessment scores at Key Stage 2, Key Stage 4 and value-added measures based on assessments at these points.

Published
2023
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18. Method Reporting with Initials for Transparency (MeRIT) promotes more granularity and accountability for author contributions

Author

Nakagawa, Shinichi, Ivimey-Cook, Edward R., Grainger, Matthew J., O’Dea, Rose E., Burke, Samantha, Drobniak, Szymon M., Gould, Elliot, Macartney, Erin L., Martinig, April Robin, Morrison, Kyle, Paquet, Matthieu, Pick, Joel L., Pottier, Patrice, Ricolfi, Lorenzo, Wilkinson, David P., Willcox, Aaron, Williams, Coralie, Wilson, Laura A. B., Windecker, Saras M., Yang, Yefeng, and Lagisz, Malgorzata

Published
2023
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24. Nutritional care pathways in cancer patients with malignant bowel obstruction: A retrospective multi-centre study

Author

Patel, Pinal S., Fragkos, Konstantinos, Keane, Niamh, Wilkinson, David, Johnson, Amy, Chan, Derek, Roberts, Bradley, Neild, Penny, Yalcin, Metin, Allan, Philip, FitzPatrick, Michael E.B., Gomez, Michael, Williams, Sarah, Kok, Klaartje, Sharkey, Lisa, Swift, Carla, Mehta, Shameer, Naghibi, Mani, Mountford, Christopher, Forbes, Alastair, Rahman, Farooq, and Di Caro, Simona

Published
2024
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28. Holistic Multi-scale Imaging of Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst Degradation in Operational Fuel Cells

Author

Martens, Isaac, Vamvakeros, Antonis, Martinez, Nicolas, Chattot, Raphaël, Pusa, Janne, Blanco, Maria Valeria, Fisher, Elizabeth A., Asset, Tristan, Escribano, Sylvie, Micoud, Fabrice, Starr, Tim, Coelho, Alan, Honkimäki, Veijo, Bizzotto, Dan, Wilkinson, David P., Jacques, Simon D. M., Maillard, Frédéric, Dubau, Laetitia, Lyonnard, Sandrine, Morin, Arnaud, and Drnec, Jakub

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Wide proliferation of low temperature hydrogen fuel cell systems, a key part of the hydrogen economy, is hindered by degradation of the platinum cathode catalyst. Here, we provide a device level assessment of the molecular scale catalyst degradation phenomena, using advanced operando X-ray scattering tomography tailored for device-scale imaging. Each cell component, including the catalyst, carbon support, polymer electrolyte, and liquid water can be simultaneously mapped, allowing for deep correlative analysis. Chemical and thermal gradients formed inside the operating fuel cell produce highly heterogeneous degradation of the catalyst nanostructure, which can be linked to the macroscale design of the flow field and water distribution in the cell materials. Striking differences in catalyst degradation are observed between operating fuel cell devices and the liquid cell routinely used for catalyst stability studies, highlighting the rarely studied but crucial impact of the complex operating environment on the catalyst degradation phenomena. This degradation knowledge gap highlights the necessity of multimodal in situ characterization of real devices when assessing the performance and durability of electrocatalysts., Comment: 63 pages, 40 figures

Published
2020

44. eTRANSAFE: data science to empower translational safety assessment

Author

Sanz, Ferran, Pognan, François, Steger-Hartmann, Thomas, Díaz, Carlos, Asakura, Shoji, Amberg, Alexander, Bécourt-Lhote, Nathalie, Blomberg, Niklas, Bosc, Nicolas, Briggs, Katharine, Bringezu, Frank, Brulle-Wohlhueter, Claire, Brunak, Søren, Bueters, Ruud, Callegaro, Giulia, Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador, Centeno, Emilio, Corvi, Javier, Cronin, Mark T. D., Drew, Philip, Duchateau-Nguyen, Guillemette, Ecker, Gerhard F., Escher, Sylvia, Felix, Eloy, Ferreiro, Miguel, Frericks, Markus, Furlong, Laura I., Geiger, Robert, George, Catherine, Grandits, Melanie, Ivanov-Draganov, Dragomir, Kilgour-Christie, Jean, Kiziloren, Tevfik, Kors, Jan A., Koyama, Naoki, Kreuchwig, Annika, Leach, Andrew R., Mayer, Miguel-Angel, Monecke, Peter, Muster, Wolfgang, Nakazawa, Chihiro Miyamoto, Nicholson, Gavin, Parry, Rowan, Pastor, Manuel, Piñero, Janet, Oberhauser, Nils, Ramírez-Anguita, Juan Manuel, Rodrigo, Adrián, Smajic, Aljosa, Schaefer, Markus, Schieferdecker, Sebastian, Soininen, Inari, Terricabras, Emma, Trairatphisan, Panuwat, Turner, Sean C., Valencia, Alfonso, van de Water, Bob, van der Lei, Johan L., van Mulligen, Erik M., Vock, Esther, and Wilkinson, David

Published
2023
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46. Gaian bottlenecks and planetary habitability maintained by evolving model biospheres: The ExoGaia model

Author

Nicholson, Arwen E., Wilkinson, David M., Williams, Hywel T. P., and Lenton, Timothy M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The search for habitable exoplanets inspires the question - how do habitable planets form? Planet habitability models traditionally focus on abiotic processes and neglect a biotic response to changing conditions on an inhabited planet. The Gaia hypothesis postulates that life influences the Earth's feedback mechanisms to form a self-regulating system, and hence that life can maintain habitable conditions on its host planet. If life has a strong influence, it will have a role in determining a planet's habitability over time. We present the ExoGaia model - a model of simple 'planets' host to evolving microbial biospheres. Microbes interact with their host planet via consumption and excretion of atmospheric chemicals. Model planets orbit a 'star' which provides incoming radiation, and atmospheric chemicals have either an albedo, or a heat-trapping property. Planetary temperatures can therefore be altered by microbes via their metabolisms. We seed multiple model planets with life while their atmospheres are still forming and find that the microbial biospheres are, under suitable conditions, generally able to prevent the host planets from reaching inhospitable temperatures, as would happen on a lifeless planet. We find that the underlying geochemistry plays a strong role in determining long-term habitability prospects of a planet. We find five distinct classes of model planets, including clear examples of 'Gaian bottlenecks' - a phenomenon whereby life either rapidly goes extinct leaving an inhospitable planet, or survives indefinitely maintaining planetary habitability. These results suggest that life might play a crucial role in determining the long-term habitability of planets., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2018
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48. Firefly (Fitting IteRativEly For Likelihood analYsis): a full spectral fitting code

Author

Wilkinson, David M., Maraston, Claudia, Goddard, Daniel, Thomas, Daniel, and Parikh, Taniya

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a new spectral fitting code, Firefly, for deriving the stellar population properties of stellar systems. Firefly is a chi-squared minimisation fitting code that fits combinations of single-burst stellar population models to spectroscopic data, following an iterative best-fitting process controlled by the Bayesian Information Criterion. No priors are applied, rather all solutions within a statistical cut are retained with their weight. Moreover, no additive or multiplicative polynomia are employed to adjust the spectral shape. This fitting freedom is envisaged in order to map out the effect of intrinsic spectral energy distribution (SED) degeneracies, such as age, metallicity, dust reddening on galaxy properties, and to quantify the effect of varying input model components on such properties. Dust attenuation is included using a new procedure, which was tested on Integral Field Spectroscopic (IFS) data in a previous paper. The fitting method is extensively tested with a comprehensive suite of mock galaxies, real galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Milky Way globular clusters. We also assess the robustness of the derived properties as a function of signal-to-noise ratio and adopted wavelength range. We show that \FF\ is able to recover age, metallicity, stellar mass and even the star formation history remarkably well down to a $S/N\sim5$, for moderately dusty systems. Code and results are publicly available at www.icg.port.ac.uk/firefly., Comment: 34 pages, 26 figures, printed at MNRAS

Published
2017
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49. Subversion of the Heme Oxygenase-1 Antiviral Activity by Zika Virus.

Author

El Kalamouni, Chaker, Frumence, Etienne, Bos, Sandra, Turpin, Jonathan, Nativel, Brice, Harrabi, Wissal, Wilkinson, David, Meilhac, Olivier, Gadea, Gilles, Desprès, Philippe, Krejbich-Trotot, Pascale, and Viranaïcken, Wildriss

Subjects
Zika virus, antiviral, heme-oxygenase 1, viral replication, DNA Replication, Down-Regulation, Green Fluorescent Proteins, HEK293 Cells, Heme, Heme Oxygenase-1, Hemin, Humans, RNA, Viral, Replicon, Virus Replication, Zika Virus, Zika Virus Infection
Abstract

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the degradation of heme, is induced in response to a wide range of stress conditions. HO-1 exerts antiviral activity against a broad range of viruses, including the Hepatitis C virus, the human immunodeficiency virus, and the dengue virus by inhibiting viral growth. It has been reported that HO-1 displays antiviral activity against the Zika virus (ZIKV) but the mechanisms of viral inhibition remain largely unknown. Using a ZIKV RNA replicon with the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a reporter protein, we were able to show that HO-1 expression resulted in the inhibition of viral RNA replication. Conversely, we observed a decrease in HO-1 expression in cells replicating the ZIKV RNA replicon. The study of human cells infected with ZIKV showed that the HO-1 expression level was significantly lower once viral replication was established, thereby limiting the antiviral effect of HO-1. Our work highlights the capacity of ZIKV to thwart the anti-replicative activity of HO-1 in human cells. Therefore, the modulation of HO-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy against ZIKV infection may display limited effect.

Published
2018

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