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The article discusses the history of the International Business Machines Corp. (IBM) firm in relation to the concept of American greatness, former IBM manager Thomas J. Watson's political views, and U.S. President Donald Trump. According to the article, IBM has been one of the world's most admired and profitable companies for years. IBM's accomplishments and growth during the twentieth century are examined, along with Watson's promotion of World Peace Through World Trade.

The article discusses the arrival of Jewish refugees and other immigrants to the U.S. during the early 20th century, noting that many were turned away and became victims of the Holocaust. Topics include the impact of anti-Semitism on the exclusion of European Jews from the U.S.; the story of Holocaust survivor Rae Kushner in relation to her grandson, U.S. presidential adviser Jared Kushner; and efforts by Jewish historians to oppose U.S. anti-immigrant discrimination related to U.S. President Donald Trump.

The article discusses the lack of maintenance of many U.S. cemeteries with the bodies of mainly African Americans. Topics include the disrepair and financial problems of Greenwood Cemetery in Hillsdale, Missouri, the history of racial segregation in St. Louis, Missouri area cemeteries, and the use of endowments to fund the maintenance of white cemeteries. The restoration of Greenwood Cemetery by volunteers is noted in contrast to public funding of the maintenance of Confederate soldiers' graves.

The article discusses the author's work on a book about the legacy of former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's foreign policy, and it mentions writer Christopher Hitchens' book "The Trial of Henry Kissinger," as well as the claim that the militarism of the national-security state began with Kissinger in the twentieth century. American political and military history are examined, as well as the Vietnam War and the concepts of idealism and realism in relation to U.S. foreign policy.

The article looks at the shipwrecks the SS City of Rio de Janeiro and the SS City of Chester, located near the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California. Particular focus is given to high-resolution sonar imaging of the ships by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the private companies Hibbard Inshore and Bay Marine Services. Other topics include discrimination against Chinese immigrants and remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs).

The article discusses archaeological research into the sites used to test nuclear weapons and technology in the U.S., focusing on the work of Colleen Beck and colleagues at the Desert Research Institute (DRI). Topics include a historical overview of nuclear development and its social impact, the layout and structures of the Nevada Test Site including the Frenchman's Flat zone, and the cataloguing and documentation of artifacts from the sites. INSETS: BEFORE THE BOMBS;PEACE CAMP.

The article discusses the history of efforts by women to achieve equal employment opportunities and pay for jobs in the American press and news media industries. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, the establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 all opened organizations such as Time Inc., "Newsweek," and "Reader's Digest," to class-action legal suits for violations such as unequal pay and lack of access to senior management positions.

The article discusses the formation of a group of Kentucky and Tennessee tobacco farmers in the area known as the Black Patch aligned against the business enterprise the American Tobacco Company, founded by U.S. businessman James Buchanan Duke, and a splinter vigilante group known as the Night Riders during the early 20th century. According to the article, the conflict was known as the Black Patch War. The article discusses the formation of the Duke Trust, the coalition against the Duke Trust, and the actions of the Night Riders.

The article presents the author's reflections on the social conditions, working environment, and popular culture of the United States in the 1960s. The author references the depiction of the era within the television show "Mad Men," comparing and contrasting it with her experiences working at the journal during the same era. Attention is particularly given to the social pressures and attitudes surrounding women in the workforce. Comments are also provided noting references to the journal's history directly seen in season 3 of the show, a profile of the show's creator Matthew Weiner, and analysis of the historicity of several specific characters.

The article discusses the popularity of adult coloring books in the U.S. in 1962. Topics include the political and satirical aspects of 1960s adult coloring books, the therapeutic intent of adult coloring books as of 2016, and the relation of 1960s interest in adult coloring books to psychoanalysis. The history of widely available crayons is addressed.

A biography of U.S. photographer Elizabeth Lee Miller is presented. She was born in Poughkeepsie, New York, on April 23, 1907. She learned photography from her father and studied theater in Paris, France. She enrolled in Vassar College and worked as a fashion model before opening a photography studio. She was a photographer in Europe during World War II. She died in 1977.

The article profiles American ordained minister and World War II fighter pilot Dean Hess. Biographical information is included that covers his interest in aviation and his participation in the Disciples of Christ Church. It goes on to look at on his role in aerial operations in Nazi Germany.

The article discusses the author's claim that African American Olympic Games athletes John Carlos and Tommie Smith, who are known for raising their fists in protest during the 1968 Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City, Mexico, continue to be symbols of dissent as of 2018. Racial inequality in America is examined, along with the lack of a close relationship between Carlos and Smith. It states that the Olympic Games protest was part of a movement organized by sports sociologist Harry Edwards.

Describes Franklin D. Roosevelt as president of the United States in 1940, before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, and characterizes the United States as an isolationist country. F.D.R's health problems; Nazi power and F.D.R's strategies in dealing with Congress; Change in American attitudes toward the war; United States' weak defense; Churchill's pressure on F.D.R. INSET: The president.;The buildup (of the military); No knee pants (Joe.

The article discusses a reunion celebrating the 50-year anniversary of the 1969 student strike and sit-in in University Hall at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts to protest the Vietnam War, including the left-wing activism of the strikers throughout their lives. An overview of the Harvard activists' involvement in the political party the Progressive Labor Party (PL) is provided.

The article discusses the role of British economist John Maynard Keynes in financial negotiations with the U.S. during World War II, particularly examining the monetary system negotiated at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in 1944. It examines aspects including American loan terms, sterling convertibility, and the exchange rate. Keynes' diplomacy and his relationships with Americans including U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau, his deputy Harry Dexter White, and his successor Judge Fred Vinson are also considered.

The article examines the political legacy of former U.S. President Ronald Reagan. Reagan came to office in 1981 after the centrist consensus of U.S. politics collapsed due to the economic problems of the 1970s, and succeeded in pushing the country in a dramatically rightward direction. That subsequent consensus is collapsing as Americans reject the administration of President George W. Bush, who took Reagan's policies to an extreme with poor results.

The article discusses various aspects of the life of Dominican former Major League Baseball (MLB) star Sammy Sosa who is known for hitting 66 home runs during the 1998 MLB season. According to the article, Sosa is not one of the 89 baseball players who were named in the 2007 Mitchell Report which deals with steroid use by MLB players. It states that then-fellow baseball star Mark McGwire, who hit 70 home runs in 1998, admits to taking steroids while playing baseball. Suspicion regarding Sosa's potential use of illegal performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) is assessed, along with changes in his skin tone.

The article offers information on the assassination of U.S. politician Robert F. Kennedy on June 6, 1968 in California and its impact on U.S. politics. Topics discussed include the assassination of Kennedy's brother, former U.S. President John F. Kennedy on Nov. 22, 1963; the increasing violence and hatred in the U.S. in 1968; and the Robert's works for the advancement of civil rights in the U.S.

The article discusses the influence of U.S. Army Captain Ralph H. Van Deman in the U.S. occupation of the Philippines. Topics include his role in surveillance and torture to oppose Filipino independence movements, his surveillance of African American organizers and the labor movement beginning during World War I, and Van Deman's antisemitism and anti-communism. His influence on U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) director J. Edgar Hoover and U.S. President Richard Nixon.

The article discusses a U.S. college basketball point-shaving scandal in 1951 involving members of the City College of New York (CCNY) team, and it mentions how the University of Kentucky squad led by then-coach Adolph Rupp was eliminated in the 1950 NCAA Basketball Tournament by the CCNY team. According to the article, University of Kentucky players Ralph Beard, Alex Groza, and Dale Barnstable, who won NCAA championships in 1948 and 1949, were arrested for accepting bribes.

The article offers information on the use of public relations (PR) techniques in the history including first world war. It mentions that the first publicity bureaus were set up in Great Britain in the early 1900s; presents views of Alan Graner, chief creative officer (CCO) of U.S. firm Daly-Swartz Public Relations, on propaganda and PR; and reports on the role of U.S. PR agencies in blocking the legislation designed to deter carbon consumption.

The article reports on the design, manufacture, and use of the Boeing 75 biplane, originally built by Stearman Aircraft Company. It discusses the history of an earlier model, the Model 70, and the improvements made to this model to market the plane to U.S. armed forces as a training plane during World War II. The article discusses the biplane's post-war use in agriculture and airshows.

The article discusses the life of former U.S. professional golf champion Justin Leonard as of 2017, and it mentions trail biking and other outdoor activities that Leonard and his family enjoy in the Aspen, Colorado area. According to the article, Leonard won the 1997 British Open championship golf event and starred on America's Ryder Cup golf team in 1999. Yoga, lap swimming, and weight training are examined, along with sports for Leonard's four children.

The article discusses the history of colonial ecology's tropical field stations from the late 1890s through the 1960s, including its impact on research bias in environmental science. An overview of American botantist Daniel T. MacDougal's perspective on the research bias that derived from ecologists' focus on temperate environments of Europe and North America, is provided. American colonial science at Barro Colorado Island, Panama is discussed.

The article addresses false claims about Tuskegee Airmen, who were black pilots in the American military in combat during World War II. Claims include that Tuskegee Airmen led by General Benjamin O. Davis have never lost a bomber to enemy aircraft, an Tuskegee Airman Aced with five aerial victory credits, and Airmen were First American Pilots were first to shoot down German jets.

The article discusses the journey of the USS Chicago Northampton-class cruiser of the U.S. Navy to Sydney, New South Wales under the command of Rear Admiral John Henry Newton prior to World War II. Also discusses is the cruiser's voyage with a flotilla for a goodwill mission in American Samoa and travel to the Pearl Harbor in 1941.

The article focuses on U.S. fighter pilot Louis E. Curdes, who was recognized for shooting down at least one plane from each of the three major Axis countries during World War II. Topics covered include German Messerschmitt fighter planes he shot down over Tunisia, enemy fighters he shot down over Sardinia and Naples in Italy, Japanese fighters he downed over the Philippines, and his shooting of an American Douglas C-47 Skytrain plane to prevent it from landing on a Japanese-held airstrip.

The article explores the legacy and career of actor Errol Flynn. Emphasis is given to topics such as his agility at playing different kinds of roles, the lightness of tone and believability in his onscreen presence and acting technique, the authorship of the book "Beam Ends," and Flynn's personal life.

The article discusses sports media in 2016 in relation to the career of American actor Dwayne Johnson, and it mentions Johnson's years as a college football player at the University of Miami, as well as Johnson's failure to get drafted my any teams in the National Football League (NFL) in the mid-1990s. According to the article, "Forbes" Magazine named Johnson the highest paid actor in the U.S. in 2016. Johnson's roles in the films "Baywatch" and "Fast 8" are examined, along with the cable television program "Ballers." It states that Johnson was know as the Rock when he was a professional wrestler.

The article talks about the first successful attempts at air-to-air refueling that took place at the Naval Air Station North Island on San Diego Bay in California. Topics discussed include a portion of the air station being known as Rockwell Field until 1938, and other notable events that took place at Rockwell including the U.S. army's non-stop, coast-to-coast flights.

The article discusses the changes that have taken places at America's art museums as of 2016, and it mentions what the author refers to as the Third Phase of the great age of American art museums which began in the last quarter of the nineteenth century when institutions such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, New York and the Boston Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts were founded. Twentieth and twenty-first century art exhibitions, museums, and collections are assessed.

The article discusses former college football player and National Football League (NFL) draftee Randall Woodfield who the author claims is one of the most violent serial killers in U.S. history, and it mentions how Woodfield was known as the I-5 (Interstate 5) Killer due to the locations of the murders in the Northwest region of America. The Green Bay Packers football team's selection of Woodfield in the 1974 NFL draft is examined, along with Woodfield's criminal career and sexual crimes.

The article discusses the history of the Oyster Wars, a series of violent disputes between oyster pirates and authorities and legal watermen from Maryland and Virginia on the Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River in 1865-1959. Particular focus is given on the kidnappings of merchant seamen and U.S. Navy sailors by press gangs.

The article discusses the history of the U.S. Coast Guard during World War II in 1939-1945. Topics the Coast Guard's support in the war effort before the nation's entry into World War II, the Coast Guard's establishment of a neutrality patrol and the Atlantic Weather Observation Service under President Franklin D. Roosevelt's directions, and its important role in combat and rescue missions during the war.

The article discusses the letters written between the 20th century American poets Robert Lowell and Elizabeth Bishop, including through referencing the books "The Letters of Robert Lowell" and "Words in Air: The Complete Correspondence Between Elizabeth Bishop and Robert Lowell." An overview of Bishop and Lowell's interpersonal relationship is provided.

The article presents an interview with African American ex-heavyweight boxing champion Mike Tyson who discusses various topics including diets, his daughter's role as a tennis player, and his feelings about being 50 years old. Tyson's appearance in the January 6, 1986 issue of "Sports Illustrated" Magazine is examined, along with his boxing career and his experiences as a father. Tyson's one-man theatrical show entitled "Undisputed Truth" is assessed, as well as sports for children.

The article discusses the history and creation of the city Dallas, Texas by its founder John Neely Bryan and focuses on its expansion, planning, and architects. According to the author, the city had raised economic growth by the year 1900. Techniques of the architecture and landscape planning by the city planner George Kessler are also discussed.

The article discusses the author's claim that cheaper and cleaner fail-safe nuclear power plants could be developed and used in countries such as China and India in the 21st century, but several nations such as the U.S. and Germany appear to be phasing out their nuclear power programs as of 2016. According to the article, the first controlled nuclear chain reaction took place at the University of Chicago in 1942. Nuclear power plant accidents and Chinese government investments are assessed.

The article discusses the history of the U.S. Navy's missing USS Conestoga ship, which was discovered in the fall of 2014. The survey that discovered the shipwreck was part of a scientific investigation of what lies on the seabed and in the waters of Greater Faralones National Maritime Sanctuary off the Central California Coast. Also discussed is the exploration of the wreck by scientists and archeologists from various government bodies and entities.

The article discusses the history of the U.S. Naval Expansion Act of 1916, a law signed by President Woodrow Wilson which included an expansion of the Navy during World War I. Topics include the British government's tightening of its blockade rules in a bid to weaken Germany, the major gaps found in Wilson's naval program, which did no envisage any expansion in the U.S. naval training, and the implications of the act.

The author presents a profile of U.S. Army General Albert C. Wedemeyer. He describes Wedemeyer's military education in the U.S. and Germany, his impression on General George C. Marshall, and his assignment to develop an overall plan for U.S. participation in World War II.

Looks at the market for postwar designs for living by Charles and Ray Eames, George Nelson and the designers of Danish Modern furniture and housewares. The decor from the 1950s and 1960s bringing top prices at flea markets and auction houses; The magazine, `Wallpaper,' the bible of the retro renaissance; Brief historical background on futuristic design. INSET: Finland: Designer nation, by Peter Plagens.

A reprint is provided of the article "Conservation for Survival," by Robert and Leona Rienow from the August 26, 1968 issue on environmental conservation, including in regard to environmental exploitation, threats to potable water and survival of the species.

The article discusses the career of the photographer Theodore Efroim Streshinsky through often referencing the author's relationship with him as his wife from the 1940s through the 1960s, including his photography. Particular focus is given to the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, (FBI's) investigation of Streshinsky for being an alleged spy for the Soviet Union, including the FBI director John Edgar Hoover's role in the investigation.

The article discusses the 100-year anniversary of the 1916 Philadelphia Athletics (A's) baseball team which posted a 36-117 win-loss record under then-team manager Cornelius "Connie Mack" McGillicuddy. According to the article, the A's won Major League Baseball's (MLB's) World Series championship in 1910, 1911, and 1913. It states that the A's earned the lowest winning percentage in modern MLB history in 1916. The failure of the A's to fire Mack is also examined.

The article discusses the investigation by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and capture of Soviet spy Rudolf Ivanovich Abel in New York City. The author reflects on the discovery of a hollow coin used to transmit encrypted messages and the assistance of defected spy Reino Hayhanen. Other topics include Abel's defense in court by attorney James Donovan, the trade of Abel to the Soviets for captured pilot Gary Powers, and the film "Bridge of Spies." INSET: HOLLYWOOD FACT CHECK.

The article discusses covert operations by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) during the Cold War era. Emphasis is given to topics such as the leadership of CIA director Allen Dulles and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, the overthrowing of leaders such as President Jacob Arbenz of Guatemala and Mohammad Mossadegh of Iran, orders from U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to assassinate foreign leaders Fidel Castro and Patrice Lumumba, and the perceived threat of communism. INSET: THE CIA'S GREATEST HITS.

The article explores the history of U.S. intelligence gathering and operations during World War II and the role of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Emphasis is given to topics such as the leadership of colonel William "Wild Bill" Donovan, assistance to Nazi resistance groups, the placement of agents behind enemy lines, and the OSS as a precursor to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).