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Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered a mechanism that can improve supply chain resilience. Organisations around the world are investing in implementing AI systems to improve their supply chain and become more resilient to pandemics and disruption. At the same time, practitioners are not fully aware of the factors that impact the implementation of these systems. Alongside this, the extant literature lacks a comprehensive study that evaluates the enablers impacting the implementation of AI in production systems. This research fills this gap by identifying, defining, and evaluating the critical enablers influencing the adoption and implementation of AI in production systems. We extracted twelve enablers, created a conceptual model, and categorised the enablers based on the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework. After categorisation, we used the analytical hierarchy process to assess the importance of the enablers presented in the model using data collected from eight experts. The results revealed that technology, as a category, is more crucial than organisation or environment. The findings also indicated that project management is the most critical of all twelve enablers. We discuss the implications of the analysis for practitioners and researchers. We also offer twelve propositions that researchers can empirically assess in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demanding, competitive business dynamics drive organisations to continually evaluate and adopt automation in their structural setups, particularly warehouses, for growth and profitability. Industry 4.0 technologies are revolutionising warehouse operations, resulting in cost savings, increased efficiency, and a more environmentally friendly approach for businesses. The readiness of organisations to adopt these technologies is evaluated with the help of hard and soft determinants selected through a theoretical framework of Technology–Organisation-Environment (TOE). In this study, a unique method is used that combines the Modified Delphi method, content validity for scale validation, expert opinion consensus tests for agreement, ranking determinants using the Best Worst Method (BWM), and rank validation through sensitivity analysis for warehousing industry experts and organisations. Warehouse service providers who convert their warehouses into smart modes to serve fast-moving consumer goods companies in Tier-2 cities are chosen for the structural framework. Results present the role of the 'operational efficiency of technology', 'top management', 'employee's education', and 'technical background' as the most effective driving determinants. This research provides valuable information to researchers and managers trying to upgrade their warehouse into a smart warehouse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain has attracted attention within business circles because it promotes secure and cost-saving transactions between anonymous parties without human mediation. This study examines the Technological Organizational and Environmental (TOE) drivers of blockchain supply chain finance adoption in Ghanaian SMEs. Specifically, this study differs from prior studies employing the United Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) which ignores the TOE elements. Utilising the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling method (PLS-SEM) and nonlinear non-compensatory PLS-ANN approach, we provide empirical evidence using data from 214 registered SME members of the Association of Ghana Industries (AGI). Our findings suggest that relative advantage, cost, and complexity significantly influence the adoption of blockchain supply chain finance in SMEs. However, competitive pressure, market dynamics, and SME owner/manager support had no statistically significant influence on the intention of SMEs to adopt blockchain supply chain finance. This is because of the relatively low adoption rate of blockchain applications in SMEs in the country. Therefore, extensive education on the applications of blockchain technology is required to stimulate diffusion amongst SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surgical methods for lateral ray polydactyly with brachydactyly of the foot include simple toe ablation and toe lengthening. However, there are few reports on comparative studies, and there is no standard treatment. We retrospectively investigated cases of lateral ray polydactyly with brachydactyly treated at our department and related facilities. In our study, the prevalence of Hirai-Togashi classification type IV was 8.8% (13/147 toes). Five patients did not request toe lengthening and underwent simple ablation, resulting in a shortened remaining toe in these 5 patients. The surgical methods for toe lengthening were pedicle bone grafting in 2 cases and on-top formation in 6 cases. Good results can be obtained in the most common phalangeal type cases, but care must be taken in cases with block-shaped metatarsal heads to avoid poor toe alignment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The level of mobile government services has become a crucial metric for modernizing a government's governance capabilities, and it plays a significant role in promoting sustainable development. This study aims to explore the key factors influencing the level of mobile government services across 31 provinces in China, along with their combinatory pathways. Using the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework and employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study conducts an in-depth analysis of mobile government service levels across these provinces, focusing on the dimensions of technology, organization, and environment. The results identify three pathways that promote high levels of mobile government services: technology–organization, technology–environment, and internal–external linkage-driven pathways. These pathways offer viable strategies for achieving sustainable development in mobile government services. Additionally, this study identifies two pathways associated with lower service levels, technology deficiency, and organization–environment misalignment, highlighting key factors that hinder sustainable development. The findings suggest that organizational and environmental factors can complement each other based on technological conditions, internet penetration rates, and citizen participation levels. Based on these insights, this study recommends that provincial governments proactively explore sustainable development pathways, optimize the "technology–organization–environment" conditions to harness synergies, and work towards enhancing mobile government service levels, thereby reducing inter-provincial disparities and advancing sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unveiling the spatial and temporal distribution of urban ecological resilience and analyzing the configuration paths for enhancing its levels are crucial for promoting sustainable development in China. Our study integrates the DPSIR and EES models, considering the causal relationships between systems affecting urban ecological resilience while also examining their internal structures. Based on this, we construct an evaluation system for urban ecological resilience indicators. Utilizing the entropy-TOPSIS method, we assess the ecological resilience index (ERI) across 280 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2021, and the kernel density estimation and Markov chain are used to study the evolution process while the magnitude and source of spatial–regional differences are examined by the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method. Additionally, we empirically investigate the driving mechanisms toward high ERI with the focused stepwise quantitative case analysis (fsQCA) method based on the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. The results find that the ERI in China shows a tendency of moderate growth in variability, with an obvious gradient distribution: higher levels in the eastern and southern and lower levels in the western and northern regions. Also, ERI exhibits evolutionary features of increasing polarization and inter-regional differentiation. Spatial disparities gradually increase with fluctuations, driven primarily by transvariation density and intra-regional differences, contributing to a dual non-equilibrium state of east–west and north–south directions. Achieving a high ERI is influenced by various antecedent variables interacting with each other, and there are three predominant driving paths among these variables, with the level of informatization playing a central role in each pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The rapid global use of Financial Technology (FinTech), an innovative and advanced technology, is leading to the replacement of traditional financial services. Despite this, consumers in the United Arab Emirates are still not accepting FinTech services as anticipated. This study aims to investigate the barriers preventing consumers from using FinTech services in the banking industry based on the technology-organisation-environment (TOE) framework and anchored by the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). Design/methodology/approach: The current study used an exploratory sequential mixed-method design. A purposive sample was used to conduct preliminary semi-structured interviews with ten banking practitioners. These interviews aimed to explore the obstacles that hinder consumers from adopting FinTech services. To provide further empirical validation, the conceptual model has been systematically examined through a quantitative cross-sectional online survey encompassing a sample of 332 bank customers. Findings: The qualitative investigation highlighted six new barriers to the usage of FinTech based on TOE's model attributes. Through quantitative data analysis, the preliminary qualitative findings were primarily verified. It was discovered that self-efficacy, electronic word-of-mouth, system quality and bank image substantially influence consumers to use FinTech services, in addition to performance expectancy and facilitating conditions. Meanwhile, IT features and governmental support were found to have insignificant effects. Yet, government support was found to have a positive moderating role in strengthening social influence and system quality towards customer use of FinTech. Thus, the research supports the UTAUT and TOE models' fitness for explaining FinTech usage with high predictive relevance. Originality/value: This study is the authors' pioneering effort to propose a comprehensive research framework that integrates the UTAUT and TOE models to tackle the limited adoption of FinTech services among consumers. Moreover, the study specifically examined the moderating influence of government support to propose an integrated model. Remarkably, this study is one of the initial attempts to investigate the adoption of FinTech using a mixed-methodology approach by incorporating quantitative and qualitative methods within a single inquiry to yield more comprehensive and insightful findings than research that relies on a single method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article features the dimensions applied by ancient figure casters. It summarizes the findings of eye molding forms for spearheads and axe blades from the Ob-Irtysh interfluve. The initial reference point for marking the negative tip of the spearhead was the toe length, which determined the bushing length as 2 to 1. After removing the contours of the bushing, the master marked the maximum width of the toe on the negative of the casting mold. The conditional points were in the middle of the spearhead length. The central rib (stiffening rib) corresponded to the length of the toe, and the endings of the parallel lateral ribs (teeth) fell on the maximum expansion of the toe. The upper edge of the eye and the upper line of the belt were marked at a distance equal to the outer diameter of the bushing towards the blade. The reconstructed system of relations between the whole and its parts could be defined as the dimensional standard observed by the master. The hook under the toe gave it the necessary structural strength. It prevented the toe from sinking, and the fracture did not load along the line of connection between the toe and the bushing. The new dimensional standard occurred as the position of the fork in the spearhead design changed. The Seima-Turbino axes also had a 2 to 1 ratio. Initially, the edge of the eye was marked at a distance equal to half the length of the vent of the bushing. Then, the eye was designed in the vent direction. In Samus-Kizhirovo moldings, the eye was modeled not in the direction of the vent of the bushing, but in the opposite one, i.e., to the blade. The single-eye design was original, and the two-eye products appeared as a result of its modification that made it possible to spearheads and axes with solid eyes.

A case of Bowen's disease of toe is reported. A 39-year-old woman presented with red asymptomatic lesion on the medial side of the left big toe for over a month. Topical treatment with glucocorticoid was not effective. A similar rash appeared on the same area 5 to 6 years ago, and was surgically removed. Clinical examination revealed a demarcated red plaque 1.5 cm×1.5 cm in diameter, with dark red crust in the center, on her big left toe. The histopathological examination of the skin lesion showed heteroplasia of the squamous epithelium in the epidermis. The diagnosis was Bowen's disease. Following removal of lesion with electrocauterization, 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic (ALA-PDT) was given 4 times. The lesion completely subsided with no recurrence during 1-year telephone follow-up.

Purpose – This study investigates the barriers to the adoption of Virtual Reality (VR) in the tourism industry. Although VR has great potential to enhance the tourist experience, the adoption of this technology is still limited in the tourism sector. Building on the fundamental principles of the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theory and its contribution to perceptions of technology adoption, this study aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding the specific barriers to VR adoption by tourism enterprises. Methodology – To achieve this objective, interviews were conducted with managers of tourism companies, and the data was analysed using qualitative methodology through MAXQDA 20 software. Conclusions – The results reveal that the main barriers identified by managers mainly include lack of knowledge about VR, particularly in the tourism sector. The perceived lack of usefulness, limited experience with the technology, and reluctance to invest in technological equipment also emerge as barriers to VR adoption. Originality of research – This study can help companies in the tourism sector to develop more effective strategies to overcome these barriers, thereby improving the tourist experience and increasing their competitiveness in the market using VR equipment.

Purpose – Blockchain technology enhances information management in healthcare supply chains by securing healthcare information and providing medical resource traceability. However, there is no decision framework to support blockchain implementation for managing information, especially in emerging economies’ healthcare supply chains. This paper develops a hierarchical decision model for implementing blockchain technology for information management in emerging economies’ healthcare supply chains. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses 20 health supply chain experts in Ghana to rank 17 decision criteria for implementing blockchain for healthcare information management using the best-worst method (BWM) multi-criteria decision technique. Findings – The results show that “security” and “privacy,” “infrastructural facility” and “presence of training facilities” are the top three critical factors impacting blockchain adoption in the health supply chain for healthcare information management. Other sub-factors are prioritized. Practical implications – To implement blockchain effectively to enhance information management in the healthcare supply chain, health institutions, blockchain technology providers and state authorities should concentrate on the highly critical factors extracted from the study. Originality/value – This is the first study that develops a hierarchical decision model for implementing blockchain technology in emerging economies' health supply chains.

Purpose – This study evaluated the determinants of augmented reality (AR) adoption in Malaysia's travel and tour operator sectors through an integrated technology-organization-environmental (TOE) and diffusion of innovation (DOI) model. Design/methodology/approach – The TOE and DOI were considered the primary theoretical models but are combined and extended by including few additional variables. Data were collected from 220 respondents of travel and tour operating businesses in Malaysia and analyzed by applying PLS structural equation model technique. Findings – The empirical results established that perceived cost, relative advantages, complexity and compatibility, observability, competitor pressure, value alignment, customer pressure, and trialability are positively connected with the behavioral intention except for external support. The results reveal that value alignment partially mediates the association between relative advantages and behavioral intention, complexity and behavioral intention, compatibility and behavioral intention, perceived cost and behavioral intention except in between trialability and observability. Originality/value – This research is unique as the value alignment construct is included in the model, and thus it fulfills the literature gap by adding the mediation construct. This study contributes to enhancing AR's understanding of the Malaysian travel and tour operator industry through the lenses of owners or managers. It offers an integrated model that combines the TOE and DOI models, rare in this sector, and can be replicated or extended with validated scales.

This research presents a comprehensive study focused on the design, implementation, and analysis of an innovative fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based foot pressure assessment system. FBG sensors strategically placed on the great toe, metatarsal 1, metatarsal 2, and heel provided distinct peak resonant wavelengths, strains, and pressures during experimental cycles. Participant 1 exhibited peak resonant wavelength of 1537.745 nm for great toe, 1537.792 nm for metatarsal 1, 1537.812 nm for metatarsal 2, and 1537.824 nm for heel. Participant 2 showcased distinct graphical representations with peak resonant wavelengths ranging from 1537.903 to 1537.917 nm. In a fracture patient condition, the FBG‐based system monitored weight‐bearing capacity, integrated with real‐time X‐ray imaging for dynamic insights of rehabilitation as distinct approach. The strains and pressures at each position exhibited notable variations along with the sensitivity of 1.31με obtained across all positions, underscoring the FBG‐based system's reliability in capturing subtle foot pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advancements in Enterprise Information Systems (EISs) have transitioned from primarily supporting operational and tactical processes to enabling strategic decision-making through integrated analytics. This systematic review critically examines global literature from 2010 to 2023, focusing on the factors influencing the adoption of analytical components in EISs and assessing their impact on strategic decision-making in organizations. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we meticulously selected and reviewed articles from the Scopus database, employing a robust taxonomy based on the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework to categorize findings. Our methodology involved a thorough screening of 234 studies, leading to a final analysis of 45 peer-reviewed articles that met our stringent criteria. These studies collectively underscore a significant gap in organizational capabilities, notably in the business ecosystems surrounding EISs, which hampers the effective adoption and utilization of advanced analytics. The results highlight a distinct need for improved understanding and implementation strategies for integrated analytics within EISs to enhance strategic decision-making processes. This review identifies critical factors for integrating analytics into Enterprise Information Systems (EISs), emphasizing technological, organizational, and environmental dimensions. It highlights a significant gap in models guiding ERP systems with Business Intelligence (BI) capabilities and underscores the need for robust research to enhance strategic decision-making through analytics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of Bowen's disease of toe is reported・ A 39・year-old woman presented with red asymptomatic lesion on the medial side of the left big toe for over a month ・ Topical treatment with glucocorticoid was not effective ・ A similar rash appeared on the same area 5 to 6 years ago, and was surgically removed・ Clinical examination revealed a demarcated red plaque 1・ 5 cm X 1・ 5 cm in diameter, with dark red crust in the center, on her big left toe・ The histopathological examination of the skin lesion showed heteroplasia of the squamous epithelium in the epidermis・ The diagnosis was Bowen's disease・ Following removal of lesion with electrocauterization, 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic(ALA・PDT)wa$ given 4 times・ The lesion completely subsided with no recurrence during 1-year telephone follow・up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business intelligence (BI) is a vital component for businesses of all scales, offering actionable insights crucial for timely decision-making. This technology has become integral across diverse enterprises. Recognizing the factors influencing BI adoption is imperative, and this article employs the organization, complexity, knowledge, technology, user perception and experience, economic, environmental, and social (OCKTUEES) framework to identify key aspects. Building upon the TOE framework, it pinpoints significant variables, emphasizing the importance of factors like user perception and experience, technology, social, economical, and environmental. Employing structural equation modelling on primary data yields actionable insights to address BI adoption challenges. Analysis reveals the user perception and experience, technology, social, economic, and environmental as the top factors. However, the organization appears vulnerable, necessitating a mitigation strategy for successful BI adoption. The study predicts insignificant variables requiring mitigation, such as high costs, inadequate resources, organizational size, security and privacy concerns, risk of open-source adoption, and perception of analytics impacting jobs. This research aids those navigating the BI implementation journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- This study investigates the barriers to the adoption of Virtual Reality (VR) in the tourism industry. Although VR has great potential to enhance the tourist experience, the adoption of this technology is still limited in the tourism sector. Building on the fundamental principles of the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theory and its contribution to perceptions of technology adoption, this study aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding the specific barriers to VR adoption by tourism enterprises. Methodology -- To achieve this objective, interviews were conducted with managers of tourism companies, and the data was analysed using qualitative methodology through MAXQDA 20 software. Conclusions -- The results reveal that the main barriers identified by managers mainly include lack of knowledge about VR, particularly in the tourism sector. The perceived lack of usefulness, limited experience with the technology, and reluctance to invest in technological equipment also emerge as barriers to VR adoption. Originality of research -- This study can help companies in the tourism sector to develop more effective strategies to overcome these barriers, thereby improving the tourist experience and increasing their competitiveness in the market using VR equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of digital technology has succeeded in providing alternative financial services with the FinTech lending industry. This industry allows direct connection between lenders and borrowers through a digital platform. FinTech lending has unique characteristics that provide advantages over traditional financial institution services, such as utilizing soft information for credit risk assessment, providing unsecured loans, and using third-party platforms to secure transactions. Indonesian government continues to update the regulatory framework for the FinTech industry including the implementation of regulatory sandbox. This effort aims to ensure that the development of digital financial innovation is beneficial and safe for society. Various jurisdictions have also implemented similar initiatives to address issues in FinTech lending, allowing companies to test their operations under regulatory supervision. This research conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA 2020 methodology to understand issues related to FinTech lending and the initiatives provided by regulatory sandboxes to address the issues. The study identified 10 issues in the FinTech lending sector using the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework and 11 initiatives from implementing regulatory sandboxes using the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) framework. Finally, this study highlights the potential for further research regarding the issues of algorithmic bias and monopolistic practices, as well as the exploration of how regulatory sandboxes can mitigate these issues.

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) plays an essential role in developing and growing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, prior studies found inconsistent results, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct more research to gain insight into this research field. Thus, this study aims to identify the impact of technological factors in the adoption of e-commerce based on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework, Diffusion of Innovation theory (DOI) theory, and the role of Trust (TR) in the relationship between technological factors and e-commerce adoption. A survey of 378 Iraqi SMEs was validated and tested using PLS-SEM. The findings of the study indicate that Relative Advantage (RA), Compatibility (COM), Social Media Networks (SMNs), and E-Payment Systems (EPs) significantly influence e-commerce adoption. Trust also plays a moderation effect with relative advantage, social media networks, and e-payment systems. This study contributes to identifying the technological factors affecting ensuring a correct path for adopting e-commerce in Iraqi SMEs and filling the gap by contributing to the e-commerce literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on integrating digital platforms in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), emphasizing the importance of efficient stakeholder communication for their success. Additional scholarly investigation is required to examine the correlation between SME success and social media adoption, with a focus on emerging countries. This study examines how technology-organizational-environmental (TOE) factors affect digital social communication and SME success in developing nations. Through employing the TOE framework, this study attempts to explain the determinants of social media adoption and its subsequent effect on the performance of SMEs. Data will be gathered through the utilization of a well-organized questionnaire disseminated online to a randomly selected group of participants from SMEs in Indonesia. Partial-leastsquares-structural-equation-modeling will be employed to conduct the route analysis, with the involvement of SME owners, executives, and managers. Furthermore, the study will evaluate how social media influences the connection between TOE qualities and SME performance. The findings will demonstrate a clear and favorable correlation between the TOE components, and the interaction between SME performance and social media adoption. This research will enhance the existing body of knowledge in this domain by offering valuable insights for professionals and scholars interested in the use of social media in SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital transition has affected and continues to affect all sectors of the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic forced many industries, including the accounting sector, to adopt digitization measures to maintain their activity during this restricted period. Innovative systems and advanced technologies thus became indispensable in the accounting profession, and despite its inability to replicate human intelligence, Artificial Intelligence (AI) was swiftly adopted for many accounting processes. The purpose of this study was to explore how the Romanian accounting profession accepted the digital instrument transformation. A deductive approach from the general to the particular was used to highlight the key aspects and their implications in the accounting profession. In addition, the technological acceptance model (TAM) was correlated with the external variables of the technology-organization-environment framework (TOE) to develop 13 hypotheses. A questionnaire was then applied, which validated 9 of these hypotheses. The research results indicated that the digital transition by the accounting profession in Romania is a complex process that is in a preliminary stage compared to that in European Union member states. This study has an inherent series of limitations, which can provide opportunities for future research in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toe grip strength has recently been suggested to play an essential role in maintaining balance and postural stability for ambulatory function in older populations. This study aimed to investigate its association with improving gait function three months after onset in patients with subacute stroke. This longitudinal cohort study included 98 first-ever stroke patients (67 ± 9 years, 56% female) within one month from the onset who could not ambulate independently. Functional outcome indicators, including toe grip strength, hand grip strength, knee extensor strength, Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity (FMA_LE), and the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS), were assessed before and three months after the intervention. We analyzed the correlation between participants' gait function using a 10-meter walk test time and various functional indicators. Then, multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate whether toe grip strength was related to the improvement of gait function. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the 10MWT time and toe grip strength ratio (affected/unaffected side), with a moderate effect size (r = −0.61, p <0.001). Multiple regression analysis with covariates showed a significant relationship between 10MWT time and toe grip strength ratio (β = −0.113, p < 0.001), FMA_LE (β = −1.315, p = 0.004), PASS (β = −3.275, p <0.001), and age (β = −0.159, p = 0.004). In conclusion, toe grip strength was an essential factor associated with ambulatory function improvement in subacute stroke patients three months after onset. Additional toe grip muscle strengthening rehabilitation treatment can be expected to help improve the ambulatory function of subacute stroke patients in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culture may impact on individual's behavior, as a result, impacting on the performance of companies. The study used Hofstede's Cultural Theory and choose the cultural dimension Power distance Index since there is a gap in the local literature regarding this dimension. This paper aims to examine whether the cultural dimension Power Distance impact on corporate performance. In order to measure Power distance, the study employed a questionnaire distributed to the financial sector companies in Jordan. The corporate performance was measured by ROA and ROE which were collected from the Securities Depository Center SDC. Regression analysis tests were used to test the hypotheses. The results show that companies' performance is not influenced by the cultural dimension of lower Power Distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Glomus tumors are uncommon tumors and their occurrence in the foot is even less common. Glomus tumors of the toes are often missed, causing delays in diagnosis and treatment. We report an ambispective observational study of glomus tumors of the toes that were treated at our institution. Methods: We reviewed the records of all the patients who underwent excision of toe glomus tumors in our department from January 2010 to September 2022. The follow-up data were collected from the outpatient records and by telephonic interview. Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and the Foot Function Index (FFI) were collected. Results: Out of all the patients treated for glomus tumors, we found that 7 patients had glomus tumors of the toes. Of the 7 patients, 6 were women and 1 was a male. The mean follow-up of our patients was 66.4 months (range, 7-109 months). Of the 7 patients, 1 presented with recurrent glomus tumor 30 months following the primary operation, for which she underwent excision again, after which she was symptom free. Another patient who developed recurrent symptoms on telephonic interview refused any further treatment. Among the 6 patients who were symptom-free at follow-up (including the patient who underwent excision for the recurrent tumor), the median SANE score, and FFI were 99.5 (IQR, 96-100) and 0.5 (IQR, 0-2) respectively. The mean FAOS was 96 (SD, 3.3). Conclusion: Surgical excision of the subungual toe glomus tumors can be curative. Recurrence of toe glomus tumors was noted in 2 patients (29%), one of whom refused further surgery. Re-excision in the other patient resulted in complete resolution of symptoms. Level of Evidence: Level III, ambispective observational study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) holds immense potential for the social and economic development of developing countries, as recognized by academia and professionals. However, there is a notable lack of theoretical research on IoT adoption within agricultural settings. To address this gap, this study introduces a model focusing on nine critical "Technology-Organization-Environment" (TOE) factors. Empirical validation was conducted using data from 179 managers in diverse agricultural organizations. The research model was evaluated by using "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling" (PLS-SEM). The results underscored the significance of governmental support and technological compatibility in driving IoT adoption. Moreover, financial considerations within organizations and the evolving digital landscape were identified as key influencers of smart farm adoption. This study offers valuable insights with significant implications for sustainable IoT adoption in research and practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate and present a theoretical model that identifies the most influential factors affecting the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) by SMEs to achieve sustainable business performance in Saudi Arabia by integrating the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework. The authors utilized a quantitative method, using a survey instrument for this research. Data for this research were collected from managers working in six different sectors. Subsequently, based on company size, firms were divided into two groups, allowing multi-group analysis of small and medium-sized businesses to explore group differences. Hence, firm size played a moderating role in the conceptualized model. Data analysis was performed on SmartPLS 3, and the results suggest that dimensions of the TOE framework, such as relative advantage, compatibility, sustainable human capital, market and customer demand, and government support, play a significant role in the adoption of AI. Moreover, this study found a significant influence of AI on SMEs' operational and economic performance. The multi-group analysis (MGA) results reveal significant group differences, with a medium-sized firm strengthening the relationship between relative advantage and AI adoption compared to small-size firms. The findings lead to practical implications for companies on how to increase the adoption of AI to help SMEs embrace their technological challenges in KSA and obtain sustainable business performance to contribute to the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) can get new insights and comparative advantages from implementing information systems (ISs). This study aims to examine the factors that influence SMEs willingness to use cloud-based accounting. A theoretical framework was developed that incorporates technological and organizational variables from the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) framework as external factors for the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Additionally, there were proposed environmental factors that influence the adoption of cloud accounting. A survey was carried out among accountants employed in SMEs in Saudi Arabia. 354 valid responds were collected and analyzed. The data was analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling with the aid of the SmartPLS software. The results indicate that factors such as relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, organizational resources, employee capability, top senior management support, mimetic pressures, normative pressures, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use significantly impact the intention to adopt cloud accounting. The model acts as a blueprint for achieving favorable results in business organizations and offers suggestions for successful cloud accounting integration. This study utilizes two information technology (IT) adoption models to improve prediction accuracy, acting as a strategy for leadership to help businesses make well-informed decisions about cloud accounting despite resource constraints and apprehensions about cloud service utilization.

The scope of blockchain technology, initially associated with the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, is greater due to the multiple applications in various disciplines. Its use in accounting lies mainly in the fact that it reduces the risks and the possibility of fraud, in addition to eliminating human error. This work presents a theoretical model that contributes to the understanding of the process of adoption of ICT innovations by business organizations, from the technological, organizational and environmental contexts. The result of the work provides knowledge for the empirical generalization of the topic of study and offers the academic community a starting point for carrying out future studies that confirm the validity of the results, and the business community a valid alternative of the aspects to be considered taken into account in making decisions derived from secure accounting management with blockchain. Hence, the implementation of blockchain presents challenges, its potential to improve reliability and efficiency in accounting management makes this technology a valuable investment for companies and accounting professionals seeking more secure and transparent financial management.

Blockchain technology can potentially be a bedrock for the energy record-keeping system. This study examined several critical factors that affect users’ intention to accept Blockchain technology for the Smart grid. The proposed model is based on the Technology Organization Environment framework, which is examined using Structural Equation Modelling. Based on the study findings, it has been indicated that the relative advantage shows a significant effect and matters the most during the Blockchain technology adoption in the Smart grid. The innovativeness, cost saving, and regulatory support also significantly influence the intention to use the Blockchain technology. The innovativeness and traceability show a significant influence on upper management support. The traceability shows a substantial impact on cost savings. However, innovativeness shows an insignificant effect on cost savings. The traceability and competitive pressure do not affect the intention to use the Blockchain technology. This study has extended the Technology Organization Environment theory, which predicts the organizational behavior to adopt the Blockchain technology for the Smart grid. We argue that the finding provides insights to guide the industry to deliver the best practice on the Blockchain technology. The study findings suggest that experts would recognize innovative technology free of effort to raise the determined aids for improving the traditional energy system. Though there are some limits, theoretical and practical implications are justified based on the findings.

Finger infections are a common problem often caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Similarly, toe infections can present with similar clinical symptoms. Prompt identification of the cause of an infection is crucial for preventing disease progression to a state necessitating immediate and appropriate medical or surgical intervention. Herpetic whitlow is characterized by erythema and painful, non-purulent vesicles and typically results from a herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 finger infections. However, while herpes whitlow of a finger is common, cases involving a toe are rare. Consequently, a lack of experience of herpetic whitlow of the toe could lead to a misdiagnosis as a bacterial infection and potentially result in unnecessary surgical treatment. Herein, we present a case of herpetic whitlow affecting a great toe that was initially misdiagnosed as a bacterial infection and subsequently treated surgically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of eccrine porocarcinoma on the toe is reported. A 67-year-old female presented with a 3-year history of infiltrated plaque on the left middle toe. Physical examination showed a hard infiltrated plaque covered with crusts in reddish brown color, with broken nail, elevated borders and blurry boundaries, on the nail bed of the left middle toe. Histopathological findings included a demarcated tumor connected to the epidermis with growth towards the dermis, tumor necrosis, large pleomorphic cells with vacuoles and large hyperchromatic nuclei, multinucleated giant cells, pathological mitosis and various degree of ductal differentiation. Immunohistochemistry showed positive for CK7,EMA,CK5/6,p16,p40 and p63, and 60%~90% of Ki-67 positive. The diagnosis was eccrine porocarcinoma. Lesion was removed by Mohs microsurgery, and the follow-up is ongoing.

Unveiling the spatial and temporal distribution of urban ecological resilience and analyzing the configuration paths for enhancing its levels are crucial for promoting sustainable development in China. Our study integrates the DPSIR and EES models, considering the causal relationships between systems affecting urban ecological resilience while also examining their internal structures. Based on this, we construct an evaluation system for urban ecological resilience indicators. Utilizing the entropy-TOPSIS method, we assess the ecological resilience index (ERI) across 280 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2021, and the kernel density estimation and Markov chain are used to study the evolution process while the magnitude and source of spatial–regional differences are examined by the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method. Additionally, we empirically investigate the driving mechanisms toward high ERI with the focused stepwise quantitative case analysis (fsQCA) method based on the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. The results find that the ERI in China shows a tendency of moderate growth in variability, with an obvious gradient distribution: higher levels in the eastern and southern and lower levels in the western and northern regions. Also, ERI exhibits evolutionary features of increasing polarization and inter-regional differentiation. Spatial disparities gradually increase with fluctuations, driven primarily by transvariation density and intra-regional differences, contributing to a dual non-equilibrium state of east–west and north–south directions. Achieving a high ERI is influenced by various antecedent variables interacting with each other, and there are three predominant driving paths among these variables, with the level of informatization playing a central role in each pathway.

Practice shows that digital platforms could enhance disruptive innovation. Given that digital platforms have always encountered imbalance problems, this study intended to explore which factor configurations could promote disruptive innovation sustainably from the perspective of supply and demand matching. This study constructed a theoretical framework referring to the TOE framework. Based on 25 questionnaires from China, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was used to explore the configurations of disruptive innovations. This study found the following: (1) None of the five factors in the dimensions of technology, organization, or environment could constitute a necessary condition for enabling disruptive innovation alone. (2) There were four supply and demand matching configurations that could lead to highly disruptive innovation. Based on the homogeneous characteristics of the results, the four paths were divided into "technology-organization driven transition" types and "organization-environment collaborative transition" types. (3) Non-highly disruptive innovation included three specific configurations, all of which lacked the core conditions in technical and organizational dimensions, suggesting the importance of technical and organizational factors for disruptive innovation. This study provides guidance on supply and demand matching for platform enterprises to continuously create disruptive innovation. However, the data from China may limit the results' applicability to a more expansive setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to rigorously explore cloud computing adoption in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) by applying a detailed analytical framework. This integrates the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) Theory, the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the Fit Viability Theory to holistically examine the factors influencing such adoption, and, as such, the research uniquely emphasises the interplay between technological capabilities, organisational readiness, and environmental factors, as well as taking into account the critical aspect of cultural fit within HEIs. By synthesising these theoretical perspectives, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the adoption process, highlighting the nuanced interactions between technology, organisation, and the broader educational environment. This approach facilitates the development of a deeper insight alongside the development of valuable guidance for effective implementation and integration strategies. The findings of this study are thus significant for educational policymakers and administrators, providing a robust framework for them to navigate the complexities of modernising educational infrastructure by applying cloud computing technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiographic measurements are frequently used to classify deformity and determine treatment options. Correlation coefficients can be used to determine inter- and intrarater reliability. Reliability is a required feature of any measurement if the measurement is to provide valid information. We calculated correlation coefficients for standard radiographic measurements used to categorize foot deformities: this was done for 52 sets of radiographs assessed by 5 raters. We aimed for generalizability, and kept rater instructions to match what was originally published for each measurement of interest with schematic illustration. Overall, our results mostly showed a lack of inter-rater reliability (correlation coefficients <0.4), and strong intrarater reliability (correlation coefficients >0.6), for 12 forefoot and 12 rearfoot radiographic measurements that are commonly used. The results of this investigation bring into question the routine use of radiographic measurements to categorize deformity, select treatments, and measure surgical outcomes, between surgeons, because the validity of these measurements appears to be threatened by weak inter-rater reliability. In order for these measurements to be considered useful, it may be necessary for surgeons to more rigorously define and practice making standard radiographic measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of eccrine porocarcinoma on the toe is reported. A 67-year-old female presented with a 3-year history of infiltrated plaque on the left middle toe. Physical examination showed a hard infiltrated plaque covered with crusts in reddish brown color, with broken nail, elevated borders and blurry boundaries, on the nail bed of the left middle toe. Histopathological findings included a demarcated tumor connected to the epidermis with growth towards the dermis, tumor necrosis, large pleomorphic cells with vacuoles and large hyperchromatic nuclei, multinucleated giant cells, pathological mitosis and various degree of ductal differentiation. Immunohistochemistry showed positive for CK7, EMA, CK5/6, p16, p40 and p63, and 60%~90% of Ki-67 positive. The diagnosis was eccrine porocarcinoma. Lesion was removed by Mohs microsurgery, and the follow-up is ongoing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the behavioral adoption of electronic commerce (EC) among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in China. This was undertaken by integrating the Technological, Organizational, and Environmental (TOE) framework into the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The data generated from 349 SMEs were analyzed with SPSS and SmartPLs 3.0 via the utilization of the structural equation modeling (SEM) procedure. The results reveal that while the environmental factor was a positive predictor of the performance expectancy of EC among SMEs, it does not, however, encourage the adoption of EC. Again, while the knowledge factor was not significant in driving the performance expectancy of EC, it was a significant determinant of the adoption of EC among SMEs. Also, the study found that organizational factor was a positive predictor of both performance expectancy and the adoption of EC by SMEs. The technological factor was not a significant predictor of the intention to use EC but was significant in determining the performance expectancy of EC. Finally, the study demonstrated that the performance expectancy of EC was a significant predictor of the behavioral adoption of EC. The managerial and research implications of these findings are deliberated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hair-thread tourniquet syndrome (HTTS) is an emergency phenomenon in which hair or thread tightly wraps around a protruding appendage of the body, resulting in pain, swelling, and rarely ischemia and amputation. While the toes, fingers, and external genitalia are the most affected areas, it can also impact other protruding parts of the body. Nevertheless, except for a few cases of skin tags and hemangioma, HTTS associated with a protruding skin mass is extremely rare in the literature. In this study, we present the management of two cases: One involving a pediatric patient with HTTS affecting the right fourth toe and the other involving a protruding pyogenic granuloma on the back of an adult patient.

The pathologies and lesions affecting the sesamoid bones of the hallux are uncommon and can be easily overlooked. Among them, sesamoiditis is a relatively rare condition known to cause severe great toe pain; lack of awareness of this particular entity leads to misdiagnosis, delayed treatment, and contributes to significant morbidity. Herein, we present a chronic sesamoiditis case occurring on a medial bipartite sesamoid bone, presenting as chronic great toe pain. The main purpose of this work is to discuss the role of magnetic resonance imaging and X-rays in the diagnosis process. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of great toe sesamoiditis occurring on a bipartite bone in no-athletic patients have yet been reported.

Hair-thread tourniquet syndrome (HTTS) is an emergency phenomenon in which hair or thread tightly wraps around a protruding appendage of the body, resulting in pain, swelling, and rarely ischemia and amputation. While the toes, fingers, and external genitalia are the most affected areas, it can also impact other protruding parts of the body. Nevertheless, except for a few cases of skin tags and hemangioma, HTTS associated with a protruding skin mass is extremely rare in the literature. In this study, we present the management of two cases: One involving a pediatric patient with HTTS affecting the right fourth toe and the other involving a protruding pyogenic granuloma on the back of an adult patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the lesser toe are considered a rare injury in children and uncommon in adults, it is important to consider the possibility of a buttonhole phenomenon if unsuccessful close reduction happens. Open reduction is the appropriate management in such cases. In this statement, we present unusual isolated acute irreducible 5th toe proximal interphalangeal joint dislocation of a nine years old boy who underwent open reduction and Kirschner wires (K-wires) fixation of the 5th PIP joint due to inter positioning of the distal part of the proximal interphalangeal joint through the medial capsule preventing the reduction.

AbstractThe utilization of cloud computing technology by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) businesses has become increasingly widespread. The reason for this trend is the relatively low cost in comparison to the benefits derived, which has led to a continued adoption of cloud computing. Consistent with this, the objective of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the adoption of cloud computing and its impact on MSMEs performance. An integrated model was developed based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, which combines the elements of cloud computing adoption and micro and small business enterprise performance into a single model. The data for this study was obtained through a structured survey questionnaire administered to 197 owners/managers of MSMEs in Indonesia. The results obtained through SEM-PLS analysis indicate that factors such as relative advantage, organizational readiness, bandwagon effect, competitor pressure, computer self-efficacy, and computer anxiety significantly influence the adoption of cloud computing. However, the factors of complexity and top management support were found to have no significant effect on cloud computing adoption. This research provides a theoretical contribution to the expansion of the TOE Framework.

AbstractSocial media is constantly changing the business landscape across all economic sectors. Given this, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are leveraging this to give their businesses a new trend. In emerging economies, however, the rate of adoption and integration of social media among small and medium enterprises appears to have lagged due to a multitude of factors. Drawing on the technology organization and environment (TOE) framework, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting social media application adoption and their impact on SMEs’ sustainability in Ghana’s context. Data was collected from 430 managers of SMEs in Ghana using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using a PLS-SEM. Findings revealed that cost-effectiveness, customer pressure, employees’ competence, financial resource availability, and leaders’ support positively influence social media adoption, while social media adoption also impacts SME firms’ sustainability. A negative effect was, however, observed for factors like industry pressure, perceived complexity, relative advantage, and perceived compatibility. This study contributes to the rising deployment of social media by businesses to improve their competitiveness. The implications of the research are also discussed.

This study examines the influencing factors of the local government's Internet service capability construction in China. The research framework for this study was the "technology-organization-environment" (TOE) framework. A total of 277 local governments were collected from Chinese cities and used for the data analysis. The data analysis was conducted with Stata. The results of this research demonstrated that there is a significant positive correlation between information technology talents, peer pressure, leader attachment, sustainable competitiveness, data open platform, and the government's Internet service capability. Surprisingly, there is a negative correlation between per capita budget expenditure and the government's Internet service capability. The aforementioned conclusions hold even after the robustness test. Discussion is held regarding how these conclusions may affect the development of the government's Internet service capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]