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The aim of this study was to determine the share of Croatian adults who walk 210 min or more a week and to explore the relationship between regular walking and demographic factors, health-related behaviours, and chronic non-communicable diseases/conditions. To this end, we used the EHIS-PAQ questionnaire and collected self-reported data on minutes spent walking during a typical week from a total of 3,496 respondents. The data were additionally analysed by gender, age, education, residence (urban/rural), counties and regions, smoking, other types of physical activity, and diseases/chronic conditions. The results show that, overall, 40.9 % of the adult Croatian population walks 210 or more minutes a week, with the largest share found among those from the Lika-Senj County (76.8 %), those who spend 300 min or more weekly on health-enhancing (non-work-related) aerobic physical activity (57.6 %), those who reported having diabetes (49.3 %), and those aged 65–74 years (44.7 %). Despite its limitations, our study gives a valuable insight into the frequency and factors determining healthy walking habits in a representative sample of Croatian adults and provides grounds for further research.

Copyright of Lijecnicki Vjesnik is the property of Croatian Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of Industrial Hygiene & Toxicology / Arhiv za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Onkološka rehabilitacija primarno je fokusirana na individualne funkcionalne deficite i njihov učinak na onesposobljenost i kvalitetu života povezanu sa zdravljem. Potrebno je što ranije integrirati onkološku rehabilitaciju u kontinuum skrbi o onkološkim bolesnicima. Najvrjedniji dio onkološke rehabilitacije predstavlja individualna kinezioterapija, s ciljem poboljšanja funkcionalnog zdravlja bolesnika. Iz razumljivih razloga mnogi onkološki bolesnici su smanjenih tjelesnih mogućnosti, snage i izdržljivosti. Prednosti kinezioterapije su prepoznate u smislu poboljšanja tjelesnih kapaciteta, mentalnog zdravlja i kvalitete u različitim aspektima života. U nekim tipovima malignih bolesti kontinuirana bi kinezioterapija mogla utjecati na preživljavanje. Sve se češće daje prednost treningu visokog intenziteta nasuprot etabliranim kontinuiranim vježbama umjerenog intenziteta. Pokazalo se da je vrijeme provedeno u zoni maksimalnoga aerobnog napora, povećavajući maksimalni aerobni kapacitet, superiorno u odnosu na standardne umjerene vježbe ili bez vježbi. Osnovana je Međunarodna radna skupina za provođenje vježbi (skr. IBMEWG) u bolesnika s koštanim metastazama, budući da bi isti mogli imati koristi od vježbanja. U cilju prevladavanja potencijalnih funkcionalnih deficita u nadolazećem razdoblju onkološkog liječenja važno mjesto zauzima prehabilitacija. U Hrvatskoj jedinica za onkološku rehabilitaciju djeluje od 1979. godine. Unutar brojnih zdravstvenih institucija diljem svijeta implementiran je koncept pod nazivom Sveobuhvatni centar za rak (engl. Comprehension Cancer Center, CCC) koji u sebi integrira različite jedinice, platforme i skupine. U Austriji je primjerice Tim za rehabilitaciju onkoloških bolesnika (engl. Tumor Board for Cancer Rehabilitation) integriran unutar CCC Platforme za upravljanje nuspojavama, potpornu skrb i rehabilitaciju (engl. CCC Platform for Side Effects- Management, Supportive Care & Rehabilitation), kao klinički relevantan pristup u svrhu podrške u kreiranju rehabilitacijskih strategija kod onkoloških bolesnika. Kao odgovor na potrebu za učinkovitim, brzim i neinvazivnim liječenjem muskuloskeletnih bolesti unazad nekoliko godina razvio se interes za terapijom izvantjelesnim udarnim valom u kontekstu onkološke rehabilitacije. Nedavno se promijenila tradicionalna paradigma u vezi kliničkih indikacija i kontraindikacija za propisivanje liječenja udarnim valom u onkoloških bolesnika.

Copyright of Napredak is the property of Croatian Pedagogical-Literary Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Life & School: a Magazine for the Theory and Practice of Education / Život i škola : časopis za teoriju i praksu odgoja i obrazovanja is the property of Zivot i Skola and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lijecnicki Vjesnik is the property of Croatian Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gestational diabetes is diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy that is not overt diabetes and is a growing public health problem. About 21.1 million women (16.7%) have some form of hyperglycemia during pregnancy, of which 80.3% include gestational diabetes, 10.6% previously known type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and 9.1% diabetes type 1 and type 2 diagnosed during pregnancy. Medical nutritional therapy, together with physical activity and regular or frequent glycemia self-checks, is the basis of treatment of gestational diabetes with the aim of preventing complications for both mother and child. Research shows that plant-based diet can contribute to both prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes, through the effect of reducing gastric emptying, improving insulin sensitivity and increasing insulin secretion. Since pregnant women with gestational diabetes have elevated indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP), the pronounced benefits of this type of diet are richness of antioxidants and immunomodulatory effects. High content of dietary fiber, low glycemic index and high proportion of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to saturated ones are additional benefits of this diet. The Mediterranean diet, which is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, and olive oil, is a dietary pattern that includes all of the above, and the key to its effectiveness is the synergy, the joint interaction between several different components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The COVID -19 pandemic has changed the way people live, and children are particularly at risk because of their vulnerable age. The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes in nutritional status, physical activity, and eating habits of elementary schoolaged children during the Covid 19 pandemic. Methods: The study was conducted from February to April 2021 and included 197 primary school children, 100 boys, and 97 girls. A questionnaire was used to collect data on lifestyle, eating habits, and physical activity outside school. The Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents was used to determine membership in the Mediterranean diet. The kinanthropological and anthropological data of the students were obtained from the diary of the physical education and health teacher. Results: The average rating of the quality of the children's diet, as determined by the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Adolescents, showed a moderate affiliation with the Mediterranean diet. Before online instruction, 65.9% of students ate breakfast daily, whereas during online instruction, 75.7% ate breakfast (p< 0.001). Results showed that students exercised statistically significantly more before online instruction than during online instruction (p< 0.05). Students had weaker kinanthropological scores than before beginning online instruction. Conclusions: According to the results, students' diet is of average quality, and some habits, such as breakfast, have improved, while physical activities have decreased significantly during the pandemic. Therefore, the promotion of proper nutrition and physical activity through public health programs should be emphasized to educate both children and parents about the importance of proper nutrition, physical activity, and responsible use of various media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Life & School: a Magazine for the Theory and Practice of Education / Život i škola : časopis za teoriju i praksu odgoja i obrazovanja is the property of Zivot i Skola and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the side-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is a global change in work ergonomic patterns as millions of people replaced their usual work environment with home to limit the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. The aim of our cross-sectional pilot study was to identify musculoskeletal pain that may have resulted from this change and included 232 telecommunications company workers of both genders [121 (52.2 %) men aged 23–62 (median 41; interquartile range 33–46 yrs.) and 111 (47.8 %) women aged 23–53 (median 40; interquartile range 33–44)] who had been working from home for eight months (from 16 March to 4 December 2020) before they joined the study. The participants were asked to fill in our web-based questionnaire by self-assessing their experience of hand, lower back, and upper back/neck pain while working at home and by describing their work setting and physical activity. Compared to previous work at the office, 90 (39.1 %) participants reported stronger pain in the lower back, 105 (45.7 %) in the upper back/neck, and 63 (27.2 %) in their hands. Only one third did not report any musculoskeletal problems related to work from home. Significantly fewer men than women reported hand, lower back, and upper back/ neck pain (p=0.033, p=0.001 and p=0.013, respectively). Sixty-nine workers (29.9 %) reported to work in a separate room, 75 (32.4 %) worked in a separate section of a room with other household members, whereas 87 (37.7 %) had no separate work space, 30 of whom most often worked in the dining room. Ninety-five participants (40.9 %) had no office desk to work at, and only 75 (32.3 %) used an ergonomic chair. Of those who shared their household with others (N=164), 116 (70.7 %) complained about constant or occasional disturbances. Over a half of all participants (52 %) said that they worked longer hours from home than at work, predominantly women (p=0.05). Only 69 participants (29.9 %) were taking frequent breaks, predominantly older ones (p=0.006). Our findings clearly point to a need to inform home workers how to make more ergonomic use of non-ergonomic equipment, use breaks, and exercise and to inform employers how to better organise working hours to meet the needs of work from home.

Copyright of Croatian Sports Medicine Journal / Hrvatski sportskomediciniski vjesnik is the property of Croatian Sports Medicine Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Applied Health Sciences is the property of University of Applied Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The sudden emergence of COVID-19 has led to the confinement of people in homes around the world. In Croatia as well, people were in self-isolation and stayed at home. Since confinement conditions may greatly affect physical and mental health, we investigated the scope of physical activity (PA), well-being and quality of life. A total of 580 adults were surveyed online about PA and health-related quality of life during the lockdown in Croatia. The results have shown that men are more involved in vigorous-intensity PA and have better physical and mental health in almost all domains. When comparing respondents regarding categories of PA, participants with high levels of PA function better physically, have fewer role limitations due to emotional problems and have higher levels of emotional well-being, vitality, and general health. Males, participants with lower BMI, fewer role limitations due to emotional problems, greater vitality and better social functioning have better physical health. Participants who consider that their PA is adequate and engage more in PA, who have fewer role limitations due to physical health, less physical pain, and better general health have better mental health. The results provide insights into the physical and mental components of health during the pandemic. This supports the premise that physical and mental health are highly dependent, and that there is a need to promote the importance of PA, especially for women and those who are less physically active in pandemic times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivacija (lat. „movere“ = kretati se) se definira kao sve ono što nas pokreće prema nekom cilju, sve ono što uvjetuje neko usmjereno djelovanje, te kao psihički proces zadovoljavanja potreba (Sindik, 2009). U okviru kinezioloških aktivnosti postoje dva tipa motivacije za vježbanje; unutarnja i vanjska motivacija. Unutarnja motivacija odnosi se na ponašanje koje je pokrenuto određenim unutarnjim porivima i nagradama te proizlazi iz potrebe pojedinca jer ga čini zadovoljnim za razliku od vanjske motivacije koja podrazumijeva ponašanje s ciljem postizanja određene nagrade ili izbjegavanja kazne (Coon, 2010). Cilj je istraživanja utvrditi motivacijsku strukturu za vježbanje djece predškolske dobi te utvrditi postoje li razlike s obzirom na spol ispitanika. Uzorak ispitanika obuhvatio je 74 djece predškolske dobi, dječaka i djevojčica, uzrasta između 5 i 7 godina (N=74, Nž =38, Nm=36). Individualne razlike u motivaciji za tjelovježbu djece predškolske dobi procijenjene su prilagođenom verzijom Upitnika motivacije za vježbanje – EMI 2 (Vlašić i sur., 2002). Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju kako je dominantan motiv koji djecu potiče na vježbanje zdravlje (AS=4.47), a potom uživanje (AS=4.28) i druženje s prijateljima (AS=4.27). To ukazuje kako su djeca više motivirana unutarnjim porivima nego vanjskim što je ujedno i poželjan motivacijski obrazac. Uz navedeno, utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike u motivima za vježbanje s obzirom na spol ispitanika. Dječaci su, u većoj mjeri od djevojčica, motivirani za tjelesnu aktivnost zbog poboljšanja tjelesnog izgleda (p=0.004) i zbog rezultata/ pobjeđivanja (p=0.017) koji se ostvaruje u kontekstu provedbe kinezioloških aktivnosti. Ova saznanja mogu se koristiti kod organizacije tjelesnih aktivnosti s ciljem povećanja dječje motivacije i zadržavanja djeteta u određenom sportu ili tjelesnoj aktivnosti.

„Down sindrom najčešći je genetski poremećaj koji nastaje uslijed viška jednog kromosoma ili dijela kromosoma u jezgri svake stanice tijela.“ (V. Čulić i S. Čulić, 2009). Osobe s Down sindromom (DS) imaju nizak mišićni tonus što zajedno s reduciranom mišićnom snagom i izdržljivošću znatno otežava savladavanje biotičkih motoričkih znanja. Nadalje, takve osobe u ranoj dobi karakterizira hipermobilnost zglobova, što se posebno manifestira povećanim opsegom pokreta u zglobovima ramena, kukova i stopala. Također, za djecu s DS tipičan je i nedostatak mišićne snage, no on se kao i kod svih drugih osoba može razviti vježbanjem (Piteti, Baynard i Agiovlasitis, 2013). Upravo zato karakteristika i važnost tjelesne aktivnosti ključna je uloga u razvoju i napretku djece s DS. Kakav će ishod rezultirati ponajviše ovisi o pažljivom i primjerenom odabiru kinezioloških operatora. Tjelesna aktivnost kod osoba s DS iznimno je važna i neizostavna za što kvalitetnije funkcioniranje sustava za kretanje. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj tjelesne aktivnosti na funkcionalan i psihomotorički razvoj djeteta s DS na osnovi analize slučaja djevojčice koja pohađa prvi razred OŠ prije pojave epidemioloških mjera donesenih sukladno s pandemijom COVID-19, gdje je dijete bilo uključeno u redovni program Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture u školi te pohađalo satove plesa i usporediti sa stanjem neposredno nakon pandemije. Naime, tijekom pandemije djetetu je bila smanjena tjelesna aktivnost, odnosno bila je manje tjelesno aktivno, nije pohađala redovnu nastavu koja obuhvaća i satove Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture, te nije pohađalo satove plesa. Rezultati istraživanja ukazali su kako postoje razlike između stanja prije pojave mjera pandemije COVID-19 i nakon mjera. Iako razlike nisu velike, ipak postoje, i očituju se u motoričkim sposobnostima fleksibilnosti, koordinacije i repetitivne snage u korist stanja koje je bilo prije pojave mjera. Može se zaključiti kako je učinak tjelesne aktivnosti izuzetno veliki na cjelokupan psihomotorički i socijalan razvoj djeteta s Down sindromom. Stoga ga ne smijemo zanemariti već ga poticati na satovima Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture i u izvanškolskim aktivnostima.

A small number of studies have examined the relationship between bone health and level of physical load. We explored the effect of occupational physical activity on skeletal status in younger sawmill workers using ultrasonic indices of bone density. In a cross-sectional study, we measured bone density with quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in 128 sawmill workers (89 men and 39 women), mean age 39.1 +/- 10.8 years. Back strength was measured by dynamometry. Information on occupational and leisure physical activity, joint pain, education and smoking were obtained with the questionnaire. All QUS bone parameters and back strength were significantly higher in men than in women. A T score for quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) of − 2.2 or lower was found only in two men and one women. QUI did not significantly differ based on presence of parameters of physical occupational activity (carrying loads exceeding 5 kg, repetitive move ments, physical exertion while working and non-sitting position at work). When controlling for age, gender and body mass index, participants with higher smoking index had significantly lower QUI (p=0.004). Physical workload was not significantly associated with QUI. In our working po pulation, some lifestyle habits, such as smoking, had a greater impact on bone health than physical occupational activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of the study was to investigate serum vitamin D level in undergraduate students of health studies and its relationship with the frequency of vitamin D rich food consumption, sun exposure, study-related fatigue, headache and psychopathological status, and the relationship of the latter three parameters with the type of physical activity. A blood level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), nutrition and physical activity were surveyed in randomly chosen students. Study results showed that 49% of students had 25(OH)D insufficiency/deficiency. The MIDAS values were higher in the insufficient/deficient group (p=0.035) and were associated with hours of weekly cardio exercises (r=-0.48, p=0.031). CORE-OM and total fatigue correlated with 25(OH)D (r=-0.59, p=0.024; r=0.51, p=0.023). Students with sufficient 25(OH)D had a significantly higher vitamin D intake by consuming sardines in their monthly nutrition (p=0.048). 25(OH)D correlated with the amount of monthly consumed sardines (r=0.59, p=0.006) in general. Our results provide initial evidence that an appropriate lifestyle along with proper physical activity, especially cardio exercise, and vitamin D rich nutrition is important to reduce fatigue, headaches and psychological distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Croatian Sports Medicine Journal / Hrvatski sportskomediciniski vjesnik is the property of Croatian Sports Medicine Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to show the prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, i.e. insufficient physical activity in schoolchildren, and the association of sedentary lifestyle and headache. We used Croatian database of the international research on Health Behaviour of School-aged Children, 2013/2014. For the purpose of this paper, we used questions that describe sedentary lifestyle and headaches. Statistical processing was done using IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 statistical program. The sample included 5741 students (49.8% F and 50.2% M), primary school 5th and 7th grades and secondary school 1st grade (age 11, 13 and 15 years, respectively), with an equal distribution. The response rate was 85.9%. Study results showed that 25.3% of students practiced daily physical activity. Spending two hours of free time in front of screens daily was reported by 23.9% of respondents. One-fifth of the students answered that they played games for about half an hour a day. Children who were more physically active had less headaches (OR 0.0905, p<0.001). More time spent in front of a screen was associated with more frequent headaches (OR 1.082, p<0.003), and playing games longer was associated with less headaches (OR 0.890, p<0.001). Analyzing the relationship between sedentary lifestyle and headaches indicated physical activity and playing games as a protective factor, whereas the time spent in front of a screen was a risk factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Life & School: a Magazine for the Theory and Practice of Education / Život i škola : časopis za teoriju i praksu odgoja i obrazovanja is the property of Zivot i Skola and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicus (1330-013X) is the property of Pliva Hrvatska d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are a global public health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) data from 2008 report on 1.4 billion overweight adults, 500 millions of them being obese. Unfortunately, according to the WHO data from 2010, there were about 170 million young people with excessive body weight and more than 42 million obese children younger than 5 years. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary habits and physical activity on nutritional status of the surveyed students. Respondents and methods: In the study, we used anthropometric measurements of body weight and height. Nutritional status was estimated based on the percentile distribution of body mass per body height by age and sex (first and sixth primary school grades and second high school grade). Dietary habits were assessed by use of a questionnaire with questions about the number and kinds of meals, their frequency and environment in which they were consumed, as well as their content. The consumption of sweets/salty snacks, fast food, energy drinks, coffee, alcohol and smoking was also studied. Data were analysed by use of the SPSS PC+, v. 15 statistical software. Results: The study included 167 students (55.08% of boys and 44.91% of girls). Most of the students had normal nutritional status (64.07%), 20.95% were overweight and 14.97% were underweight. Primary school students were fatter than high school students were. First grade primary school students mostly had 5 meals a day, as well as those that were more physically active. Breakfast was the meal that was avoided most frequently. Those children that reported eating vegetables more often were not overweight. Physical activity was most frequently reported by primary school sixth-graders. Conclusion: Body weight of our study subjects followed the trend in the Republic of Croatia. Dietary habits changed unfavourably with subject age; along with the lack of physical activity, it was a potential predictor of obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]