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The dream functions dynamically to organize data, to reinforce memory, to resolve conflict, and to perform many of the cognitive functions of what we refer to as waking thinking during REM and NREM brain periods that occur at night. Our understanding is informed by an understanding of sleep physiology and cognitive psychology, which introduce powerful changes in contemporary psychoanalytic theory, especially the research-based conceptualization of the implicit and explicit domains of learning, memory and knowledge, and by developments in the psychophysiology of sleep and dreaming, dream-content research and neuroscience. Rather than "lost on the royal road," perhaps paradoxically during these constructivist times, we know more about dreaming and its functions than ever before. Dreams can no longer be viewed as a royal road to the unconscious, but as a royal road to unconscious thinking. I have named this model as the organizational model of dreams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multi-agent organizational model represents a coordination mechanism that allows tasks to be shared among agents to perform complex tasks. While the Agent-Group-Role organizational model (AGR) provides a concise methodological framework for designing multi-agent systems, it is expressed in informal language and lacks formal semantics. Consequently, designers of multi-agent systems have been unable to exploit this model for analysing and checking the behaviour of their systems. Some works propose investigating the issue of model transformation; unfortunately, no effort has been made to transform AGR models using a formal language defined on the semantics of true concurrency. The DD-LOTOS Language is one of the promising alternatives to this problem, as it is based on true concurrency semantics and supports the distributed aspect of the system. This paper proposes a formal approach that generates DD-LOTOS specifications from AGR models. This formalization permits the analysis, verification, and validation of the important properties of an organization. Model-to-text (M2T) transformation uses the Xpand tools to implement the approach. The e-commerce case study is used to illustrate our approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annali di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e di Comunità is the property of Societa Editrice Universo s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Microfranchises (MFs), as an innovative organizational model, aim to enhance the productive capacity of the base of the pyramid (BoP) population in diverse contexts. We provide original insights into the underexplored role of MFs in the socioeconomic inclusion of victims of the conflict and former combatants in conflict settings while advancing theory-building in overlooked areas. To bridge these gaps, we use grounded theory in exploratory analysis of the total population sampling of 17 Colombian social enterprises/seven MFs financed by the United Nations Development Program and Inter-American Development Bank. Our results suggest that MFs were the most adopted organizational model in post-conflict Colombia, promoting the inclusion of victims and ex-combatants who collaboratively create contextualized solutions and prioritize community well-being, which has led to the development of a new iteration of the BoP model – BoP 4.0 - closely aligned with MFs, an innovative sustainable business typology developed. Its focus on Colombian social enterprises in post-conflict settings delimited this research. Thus, generalizing these findings beyond this context should be approached with caution. This study marks a significant contribution by revealing the pivotal role of MFs in promoting socioeconomic inclusion for victims in conflict-affected regions. Furthermore, it introduces the innovative concept of BoP 4.0, representing an evolution in sustainable business typology within the BoP framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pancreas units represent new organizational models of care that are now at the center of the European debate. The PUECOF study, endorsed by the European–African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (E-AHPBA), aims to reach an expert consensus by enquiring surgical leaders about the Pancreas Units' most relevant organizational factors, with 30 surgical leaders from 14 countries participating in the Delphi survey. Results underline that surgeons believe in the need to organize multidisciplinary meetings, nurture team leadership, and create metrics. Clinical professionals and patients are considered the most relevant stakeholders, while the debate is open when considering different subjects like industry leaders and patient associations. Non-technical skills such as ethics, teamwork, professionalism, and leadership are highly considered, with mentoring, clinical cases, and training as the most appreciated facilitating factors. Surgeons show trust in functional leaders, key performance indicators, and the facilitating role played by nurse navigators and case managers. Pancreas units have a high potential to improve patients' outcomes. While the pancreas unit model of care will not change the technical content of pancreatic surgery, it may bring surgeons several benefits, including more cases, professional development, easier coordination, less stress, and opportunities to create fruitful connections with research institutions and industry leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After briefly reviewing theories on the distinction between the obligation of means and result and identifying the object of the worker’s obligation and the parameters of compliance, the A. focuses on the problems posed by the interaction between the new organizational models of the enterprise – influenced by new technologies – and the content of the duty.

This study aims to investigate the connection between organizational culture and strategy formulation in several private colleges in Iraq, as organizational culture is a major factor in the success or failure of organizations, and it is a crucial element in organizational transformulation and growth, which is a characteristic of the modern age. This research seeks to explore the significance of organizational culture by looking at its resurgence, its cultural makeup, and the dimensions of strategy formulation in universities and private colleges. It will then examine the connection between organizational culture and strategy formulation among the study sample. The hypothesis is that there is no meaningful relationship between organizational culture and strategy formulation. The research sample of (100) lecturers from (10) private universities and colleges was surveyed using a questionnaire to assess the interest in organizational culture in the educational community. The results revealed that there is a relative interest in the culture, but it is not given an important role in formulating the strategy. It was suggested that mental and intellectual abilities and experiences should be harnessed through dialogue and direct training to transform them into a powerful tool for formulating educational strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: of the study is to develop an adaptive model of higher education system management in the context of digital transformation of the economy. Methods: the methods of interdisciplinary, structural and logical analysis, typologization of management models, rating and expert assessments were used in the work. The methodological basis of the research was: a three-sided model of higher education management assessment, a "management cube", including a model of new managerialism, a two-plane model of higher education system assessment, level-based, adaptive approaches to higher education management. Results: based on the analysis of the higher education management system in the context of the digital transformation of the economy, the need for the formation of new adaptive mechanisms and management models of this system as an area where human capital is formed and developed, necessary for the breakthrough development of the country. Also, the trends of digitalization in the field of higher education have been identifi ed. Recommendations for its adaptation to the digital transformation of the economy have been developed and substantiated. As a key tool of the adaptive management model, an organizational model of adaptive management of the higher education system has been developed, which makes it possible to adapt the entire education system to the challenges of digital transformation of the economy. Conclusions and Relevance: the developed organizational model will make it possible to build an eff ective work of the higher education system using adaptive management mechanisms, that allow it to optimally adapt to modern transformational processes, that occur according to cyclical crisis phenomena and the next industrial revolution. Digital transformation and the conditions of Industry 4.0, as well as the technological singularity, which is already the reality, do not allow us to strategically correctly build one specifi c model of management of the higher education system, since the above-mentioned processes become the trigger for constant transformations, including in the field of education. The organizational model of adaptive management proposed by the authors is innovative, allowing to adapt iteratively to the ongoing transformations of social and economic systems. Thus, this model is strategically relevant and promising for the both modern conditions of functioning and long-term development of the education sector.

The object of this study is the growing interest of the target audience in the introduction of category management tools to the business processes of pharmacy retail. In pharmaceutical practice, the methodical toolkit for the study of the category management system is not sufficiently widely presented. That is why, using the theoretical and methodological basis and conceptual principles of product category management, the evaluation methodology of the MARS Category Management Profile was devised. The purpose of the work is to introduce new approaches to the formation and management of the pharmacy assortment based on the concept of category management and to determine ways to increase the level of efficiency of its work. As a result of the research, the quantitative value of the existing and optimal result of category management in the network of pharmacies was determined. The calculations show that in the current state the goal orientation is 36 points, and in the optimal state this characteristic will be equal to 27 points, while the analysis orientation is 21 and 28 points, respectively. It has been established that categorical management is focused precisely on the analysis and adherence to research tools, and not on the uncontrolled achievement of the goal. The proposed organizational model of functional interaction of specialists in pharmacy retail could ensure the implementation of principles and the performance of complex tasks facing the category manager. The described components of the MARS category management profile will be used in practice to improve approaches to planning, information and analytical support, and control over the main management processes of the enterprise under study. This could avoid disagreements between management and medical specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural production cooperatives provide the grounds for the broad participation of the villagers in the process of rural development and solve the problems of the villagers in the economic and social fields through cooperation and joint efforts. Despite the need for development and expansion, rural production cooperatives still do not have a worthy position. In this study, using the content analysis method, the rearrangements of the organizational model of the rural production cooperative were identified. The information was collected based on semi-structured interviews and a study of sources and documents. Findings show that out of 111 open codes, 34 basic concepts were identified that can be divided into 9 categories of organizing themes. The results of the analysis indicate that in the rearrangement and reorganization of rural production cooperatives should pay attention to member participation, board empowerment, effectiveness and efficiency and the need to achieve policy goals and optimal management of rural production cooperatives. , Getting help from the villagers themselves and involving them in all the decision-making and implementation process.

The typical state empathy research used perspective-taking instructions and examined the effect of instructions on empathy-related variables. Empathy-arousing processes were generally not measured. The effect of perspective-taking instructions has been questioned recently. Observers could imagine targets’ feelings without such instructions. This study evoked empathy in Japanese undergraduates (N = 157) without instructional procedure, and based on participants’ responses to questionnaires, measured individual differences between antecedent, process, and intrapersonal outcome variables of state empathy, referring to the organizational model and theories of empathy-arousing processes. The purpose of this study was to measure these variables, examine the causal relationship between them using path analysis, and clarify how empathy occurs. In this way, we could suggest through which processes and antecedent factors intrapersonal empathic outcomes are produced. It is probably the first attempt to clarify how empathy occurs using a social psychological study framework and questionnaire method. This research was originally conducted in 2011 based on two similar studies not published internationally, when only some of the variables were used in our analyses. Afterwards, we constructed another analysis method, reanalyzed the data in 2019 and further reanalyzed in 2023 to obtain the final version of the results. Limitations and scientific and practical implications were discussed.

Abstract Background Many countries face an increasing demand for home-based healthcare services, and consequently experience a mismatch between expectations and available financial and human resources. It is therefore important to utilize human resources more efficiently, while at the same time offer jobs that attract the professionals they need. This article reports a study of the development and piloting of a new organizational model for home-based healthcare services in a Norwegian municipality, which addresses the need to provide efficient services and enhance trust and professionalism within healthcare services by improving work autonomy and involvement of employees. Methods The research project this article draws its empirical material from was commissioned by the municipality piloting the new organizational model and executed in collaboration with the municipality based on an evaluative trailing research (ETR) design. The data consists of interviews with key personnel and knowledge exchange between researchers and the involved actors in the pilot project. 20 semi-structured interviews involving a total of 34 informants were conducted. The analysis emphasises how different employee groups and management perceived and experienced various aspects of the work situation, as they were introduced to working and managing within the new organizational model. The aim is to shed light on how these employees and managers feel about it, interpret it, and respond to it. Results Overall, the results indicate that the model holds potential for realizing the benefits it aims for. However, there were also challenges that need resolving for the model to fulfil this potential. Central elements include clarification of roles and responsibilities for employees and managers, competence specification and development, and development of structures for inter-professional cross-team collaboration and information provision. Conclusions Trust reform initiatives may be a strategy for fostering high-involvement work systems. To achieve this, sufficient attention must be paid to ensuring structures for information exchange and knowledge development in the early phases of implementation, or preferably prior to implementation. The theoretical model applied in this study could potentially be a useful managerial tool in preparing for and implementing trust reforms in healthcare services.

The aim of the paper is to explain what is meant by Digital Risk&Governance. For this purpose, it is important to retrace the technological evolution that has affected the last few decades: from branches to Mobile Banking, from the digitalization of transactions to the creation of Fintech, from the first process automations to Artificial Intelligence. This evolutionary journey has not only involved and still involves the birth of new technologies, but also the possibility of seizing new business opportunities and therefore necessarily of facing new types of risk, which are not always intuitive and easy to fully understand and manage. In this context, the role of the Regulator is fundamental not only to make available to companies elements for a correct and complete understanding of Digital/ICT Risk, but also to provide guidelines that allow for the construction of an organizational and governance model suitable for gaining awareness risk and to assess, manage and monitor it. A fundamental role is played by the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA), which certainly better defines some aspects that until recently did not find a clear place, but - even more important - which allows these aspects to be included in an organic and holistic framework. Governance and organization are essential in this panorama, the only functions capable of spreading the risk culture necessary to overcome the silo mentality and to establish the cultural paradigm change essential for managing ICT Risk. Given the extension of the perimeter that is generally included under this risk, the paper goes on to underline the most relevant aspects and suggests in a practical way the components on which companies should concentrate in order to implement and make usable an all-round management framework: from the identification of critical functions to the importance of having tools capable of certifying the correctness, completeness and quality of the data. Another high-sounding and closely related theme, which therefore could not fail to be addressed in the paper, is represented by the cyberattack and its impacts on the market. The paper then closes with a theme which, in our opinion, plays an even more stately role than the creation of an overall framework can play: the Digital Strategy, consciously accessible only through a Digital Risk&Governance framework, but which represents the ultimate goal to which companies should aspire.

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The scientific research system and mechanisms of national laboratories in China still need to be addressed. Leveraging the benefits of large-scale interdisciplinary research and the combination of large-scale team systematic scientific research, enhancing the overall efficiency of the scientific and technological innovation system remains a problem that requires addressing. In connection with the systematic technological innovation needs in the context of 'big science, big research, and big collaboration', the National Laboratories of the United States adopted an organizational model of 'small core + large periphery'. The concentrated breakthrough of major national scientific and technological tasks fully plays a bridging role, widely mobilizes advantageous resources, such as universities and enterprises, and leverages more social forces to invest in basic research. It is worth learning from the high-quality experience of the United States, which is enlightening and can be an important reference for China's national laboratory innovation research system and mechanism, boosting joint research and development of major scientific and technological tasks and speeding up the transformation of major scientific and technological innovation breakthroughs. [Methods] In this study, the inductive translation method is employed to summarize the patterns and characteristics of major scientific and technological tasks in collaboration with U.S. national laboratories and universities, research institutions, and industry from the dimensions of organizational management, selection of cooperative institutions, research funding management, benefit allocation, and achievement protection. Regarding organizational management methods, government departments should coordinate the establishment of flexible joint research and development (R&D) organizational management mechanisms, establish diversified top-level management offices, enhance the efficiency of resource allocation, and establish a temporary joint R&D working group to target breakthroughs in scientific research. Regarding choosing cooperative institutions, a strict mechanism for choosing cooperative institutions should be established, and enterprises and universities should be chosen from the industrial chain for cooperation. Regarding scientific research funding management, various project fund allocation management systems are implemented, and funds are allocated based on the number of scientific and technological research tasks. Enterprises should share the costs of participating in the projects. Regarding benefit allocation and achievement protection, the national laboratory has priority rights to patents, and participants can enjoy intellectual property rights and the significant resources of the national laboratory first. [Results and Conclusions] Based on the learnings from national laboratories in the United States and the actual situation in China, we propose a new type of institutional mechanism for the efficient completion of national strategic tasks in national laboratories in China. The suggestions mainly involve five aspects: 1 ensuring a strong top-level design and establishing a comprehensive management department for major scientific and technological research tasks; 2 leveraging the leading role of the national strategic scientific and technological force and constructing an organizational model for major scientific and technological R&D tasks; 3 promoting and guiding diversified investment and increasing funding support for major scientific and technological research tasks; 4 establishing a mechanism for choosing advantageous teams and implement a multi-route competitive exit mechanism for major scientific and technological research tasks; 5 scientifically coordinating the distribution of benefits and properly handling confidentiality issues in major scientific and technological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reconfiguration of fire and rescue services is the focus of this research. The main purpose is to propose an alternative organizational model for better dealing with post-flashover building fires. The primary source of empirical information is a survey involving 267 managers from the Bulgarian fire and rescue services to gather insights. The research methodology meticulously encompasses the identification of changes concerning the efficiency and effectiveness of the fire and rescue services, the discernment of inherent challenges, the definition of specific factors and criteria relevant to their activities, and the determination of strategic priorities. The goal is to suggest a new, more efficient way to organize these services in Bulgaria, whose approach can be applicable to other contexts in similar conditions as well. The proposed model suggests that the Bulgarian fire and rescue services should work independently from the Ministry of Interior as the State Agency under the Council of Ministers. In addition, a comparison between this newly proposed model and the current one is conducted to highlight its potential advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraordinary vaccination campaigns of the COVID-19 pandemic era put organizational and operational systems to the test in numerous territorial contexts. In the Veneto region, the activation of population vaccination centers (CVPs) guaranteed the provision of vaccines to mountain areas. These centers, drive-in and building-based, improved the efficiency of dose administration in relation to similar conditions where healthcare workers (HCWs) were routinely involved in clinics. Overall, a comparison of the two models investigated, with the same numbers of HCWs involved and the same opening hours for the vaccination sites, has shown that the CVPs are able to guarantee three times as many vaccines administered, compared with the traditional outpatient model. This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of the adopted organizational model, highlighting the best practices and improvements required to guarantee a timely and effective public health response, and evaluating the opportunities to deploy these innovative methods actively in a standard context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carpooling is a sustainable and ecologically acceptable transportation mode. Individuals commonly engage in coordination and negotiation processes to find matching partners and typically modify their schedules to enable cooperation. Mutual cooperation between carpooling individuals plays an important role in executing trips. Through cooperation, participants can achieve challenging agreements effectively in a repetitive manner. This paper presents a negotiation mechanism that can match individuals for carpooling using organization and agent-based concepts. It describes a matching model and a carpooling social network. It studies several aspects of multi-zonal individual behavior to identify groups of carpooling candidates. The carpooling social network is simulated on an ongoing basis for each of the following carpooling activities: interaction, negotiation, and trip execution. The interaction process enables communication between individuals within carpooling social groups in order to activate the negotiation process. During the negotiation process, participants typically modify their schedules to support cooperation by considering their personal preferences and constraints. Negotiation leads to matching of individuals based on trip start times, driver selection, detour duration, and carpool group pickup and dropoff sequences. Trip start times are established on travel, social, financial, and schedule-related factors. The carpoolers' pickup and dropoff sequences that are feasible for an optimal carpool group are projected using specific scoring methods. Carpooling community candidates are recognized via outcomes projected using the FEATHERS activity–based model. The framework is implemented through the Janus multi-agent system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many countries face an increasing demand for home-based healthcare services, and consequently experience a mismatch between expectations and available financial and human resources. It is therefore important to utilize human resources more efficiently, while at the same time offer jobs that attract the professionals they need. This article reports a study of the development and piloting of a new organizational model for home-based healthcare services in a Norwegian municipality, which addresses the need to provide efficient services and enhance trust and professionalism within healthcare services by improving work autonomy and involvement of employees. Methods: The research project this article draws its empirical material from was commissioned by the municipality piloting the new organizational model and executed in collaboration with the municipality based on an evaluative trailing research (ETR) design. The data consists of interviews with key personnel and knowledge exchange between researchers and the involved actors in the pilot project. 20 semi-structured interviews involving a total of 34 informants were conducted. The analysis emphasises how different employee groups and management perceived and experienced various aspects of the work situation, as they were introduced to working and managing within the new organizational model. The aim is to shed light on how these employees and managers feel about it, interpret it, and respond to it. Results: Overall, the results indicate that the model holds potential for realizing the benefits it aims for. However, there were also challenges that need resolving for the model to fulfil this potential. Central elements include clarification of roles and responsibilities for employees and managers, competence specification and development, and development of structures for inter-professional cross-team collaboration and information provision. Conclusions: Trust reform initiatives may be a strategy for fostering high-involvement work systems. To achieve this, sufficient attention must be paid to ensuring structures for information exchange and knowledge development in the early phases of implementation, or preferably prior to implementation. The theoretical model applied in this study could potentially be a useful managerial tool in preparing for and implementing trust reforms in healthcare services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The typical state empathy research used perspective-taking instructions and examined the effect of instructions on empathy-related variables. Empathy-arousing processes were generally not measured. The effect of perspective-taking instructions has been questioned recently. Observers could imagine targets' feelings without such instructions. This study evoked empathy in Japanese undergraduates (N = 157) without instructional procedure, and based on participants' responses to questionnaires, measured individual differences between antecedent, process, and intrapersonal outcome variables of state empathy, referring to the organizational model and theories of empathy-arousing processes. The purpose of this study was to measure these variables, examine the causal relationship between them using path analysis, and clarify how empathy occurs. In this way, we could suggest through which processes and antecedent factors intrapersonal empathic outcomes are produced. It is probably the first attempt to clarify how empathy occurs using a social psychological study framework and questionnaire method. This research was originally conducted in 2011 based on two similar studies not published internationally, when only some of the variables were used in our analyses. Afterwards, we constructed another analysis method, reanalyzed the data in 2019 and further reanalyzed in 2023 to obtain the final version of the results. Limitations and scientific and practical implications were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to the market economy in the Russian Federation caused a sharp weakening and change in the content of the vertical components of the economic system and a disruption of the existing horizontal information flows. A specialist of an agricultural enterprise must solve the problems of forming the range and volumes of products and assess the existing and expected future market needs for these products. To do this he/she must have information about the current state of the external environment and forecasts for the future. The functioning of domestic agricultural producers under the conditions of economic sanctions applied to Russia has necessitated the rapid development of production for the purpose of import substitution. This necessitates the transformation and adaptation of agricultural enterprises to the changed external environment. In turn, this forces us to adapt the internal environment, including the use of modern management technologies, the development of progressive forms of management of agricultural enterprises. The effectiveness of the implementation of the process approach in the enterprise depends not only on the fact that the principles of process management of technological processes are used at the operational level and when planning operations. It should be noted that each change in process parameters affects the financial and economic condition of the entire enterprise. At the process control level, these changes cannot be foreseen. This explains the relevance of introducing the stage of scenario modeling to support and justify strategic decisions. The article proposes an algorithm consisting of three consecutive blocks aimed at successive diagnostics of the internal environment of the enterprise, direct design and implementation of processes and management of subsystems.

Undoubtedly, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is going mainstream. More and more AI agents come into existence to augment human agents in their work by synthesizing a gigantic body of knowledge in a conversational interface (e.g., ChatGPT), generating art from a provided description (e.g., Stable Diffusion), creating software code based on a provided description (e.g., Codex), just to name a few. It becomes evident that at some point an AI agent will similarly help human managers in their daily operations, and, when it reaches the level of artificial general intelligence (AGI), unlock completely new levels of performance and sustainability. The authors used the critical review method and identified a research gap concerning the development of a generalized, numerical model of an organization and its environment that could be applied in machine learning pipelines, and effectively support managers in the key management functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Business Ecosystems (DBE) enable digital platforms to support companies' collaboration in shared markets. This novel organization form facilitates and accelerates exchanges, which modifies B2B relationships. The main question is how to enable flexibility of these relationships when data sharing needs to expand the traditional supply chain roles of "supplier" and "customer"? To answer this question, we conducted several interviews to collect data from the French banking industry to build a future organizational model of DBE detailing the extended roles and rules of cooperation. These roles imply reciprocal data sharing from customers to suppliers in exchange for incentives or remuneration. Firstly, we propose a high-level organizational model of DBE, including the list of functions, actors, and requirements. Secondly, we conceptualize the DBE participant as an actor being both a customer and supplier simultaneously. Third, we propose a matrix to enable governance for digital business ecosystems. We contribute to flexible systems management by building a high-level organizational model detailing the roles and governance rules. We believe this model will support the fair distribution of resources, respect common and individual goals, and attain more sustainability with a concentration on the core processes of actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The changes and challenges that are tackling the forest sector in recent decades have prompted governments and foresters to work hard to find innovative solutions. Research in the forestry domain has focused on product and process innovation, and more recently on business systems and social innovation. In addition, organizational innovation is recognized and documented. However, while consistent conceptualization work has been conducted for business models and social innovation, the organizational domain in forestry seems less clear, characterized by multiple actors and often overlapping in literature, while a clear framework to describe it is missing. This work proposes a conceptualization of the "organizational model", a concept embracing different approaches to build an analytical framework used to describe and characterize organizations in the forestry sector. The framework is drafted referring to existing theories, then tested (and further developed) through a semi-systematic literature review on organizations operating in forest management in Europe that are identified, categorized, and characterized. This exercise confirms that forest management organizations can be described with several diverse arrangements and can be complex entities: a holistic and comprehensive approach is more likely to be used by policy initiatives addressing improvement of forest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraordinary vaccination campaigns of the COVID-19 pandemic era put organizational and operational systems to the test in numerous territorial contexts. In the Veneto region, the activation of population vaccination centers (CVPs) guaranteed the provision of vaccines to mountain areas. These centers, drive-in and building-based, improved the efficiency of dose administration in relation to similar conditions where healthcare workers (HCWs) were routinely involved in clinics. Overall, a comparison of the two models investigated, with the same numbers of HCWs involved and the same opening hours for the vaccination sites, has shown that the CVPs are able to guarantee three times as many vaccines administered, compared with the traditional outpatient model. This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of the adopted organizational model, highlighting the best practices and improvements required to guarantee a timely and effective public health response, and evaluating the opportunities to deploy these innovative methods actively in a standard context.

Copyright of Studia Iuridica Toruniensia is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Law & Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dynamics of change in the work environment are becoming more dizzying, given that adopting new technologies generates new knowledge and jobs. This research analyzed a case study of a Mexican university implementing alternative credentials. The method was instrumental case study research, with exploratory and descriptive categories, applying three instruments: documentary analysis of alternative credential programs, a questionnaire, and interviews with the experts involved in designing and delivering alternative credentials. In this case, the implementation of alternative credentials coincided with the reference frameworks of the European Union and the province of Ontario, Canada. Their frameworks mention the vision and institutional mission of alternative credentialing for the value offered, its definition, operation, award processes, accreditation, and quality. The case provides data for interested higher education institutions, such as why to do it, the strategy to follow, the added value offered, the elements that define it and its design, the assessment process and assignment, the timing of accreditation, and where it is recognized. This research contributes recommendations for defining and managing alternative credentials to serve as a reference for other universities interested in incorporating technologysupported educational innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of L'Infermiere is the property of IPASVI - Italian Nursing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Gene therapy is designed to provide people with hemophilia B with a steady and elevated factor (F)IX activity, thereby strengthening protection and relieving the burden of frequent replacement therapy infusions. The European Medicines Agency has approved gene therapy for the severe and moderately severe forms of hemophilia B that uses the FIX-Padua variant (etranacogene dezaparvovec)., Objectives: The aim was to provide a document dedicated to hemophilia B gene therapy and give a comprehensive overview of the topic., Methods: An Italian group of experts in hemophilia carried out a narrative review of the literature and discussed during a virtual meeting several key aspects of the delivery of this treatment in Italy. The discussion covered the organizational model, the role of the multidisciplinary team, the laboratory surveillance, and the patient's journey, from the follow-up to the identification of safety issues and outcome measures., Results: This article highlights the need to follow the Hub and Spoke organizational model and sheds light on the role of each professional figure within the multidisciplinary teams to favor patient engagement, management, and retention. Moreover, this article stresses the need to perform laboratory tests for patient screening and follow-up and proposes a checklist to help patient identification. Finally, the needs of Italian hemophilia centers have been considered to ensure an efficient implementation of the care delivery model., Conclusion: It is crucial to ensure that centers are appropriately organized, equipped, and trained to adequately select patients, deliver the gene therapy, and perform follow-up., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interests G.C. reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Bayer, BIOVIIIx, CSL Behring, BioMarin, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Kedrion, LFB, Grifols, Roche, Sobi, and uniQure and reports participation on data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Bayer, CSL Behring, BioMarin, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Kedrion, LFB, Grifols, Pfizer, Roche, and uniQure. G.D.M. reports being a speaker or a member of a speaker bureau for BioMarin, Bayer, CSL Behring, Roche, Takeda, and Viatris Pharmaceuticals and consultant or ad hoc speaker/consultant for BioMarin, Bayer, Pfizer, Takeda, and Viatris Pharmaceuticals. P.S. reports being a speaker for Bayer, CSL Behring, Stago, uniQure, Werfen, and Pfizer. S.S. has acted as a consultant for CSL Behring, Amgen, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sobi, and Bayer. E.B. participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Novartis, CSL Behring, Bayer, Roche, and Sobi. V.L.M. is a member of the advisory board of Pfizer, CSL Behring, and BioMarin; is a speaker for Gore and Alfasigma; and received research grants from Gilead and travel grants from Sobi, Sanofi, and Takeda. A.L. has participated in speaker bureaus for BioMarin and CSL Behring. F.P. reports consulting for and being a member of advisory boards of CSL Behring, BioMarin, Roche, Sanofi, and Sobi and is a member of the speaker’s bureau or educational programs/symposia for Takeda/Spark. E.F.G. has participated in speaker bureaus and advisory boards for BioMarin, Sobi, and Roche e Novo Nordisk. A.C.M. declares that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

National research institutes, as an importance part of national strategically scientific and technological strength, are facing great challenges in development and management under the new S&T revolution and increasing national strategic demands. Based on reviewing the evolution of UK public sector research establishments, this study takes in-depth analysis of the new idea and organizational model changes in recent ten years, including the mission and layout, external management, internal governance, and interdisciplinary research mechanisms of UK public sector research establishments. Further inspirations are provided for the reform of Chinese national research institutions and the establishment of new research institutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most common tumor in middle-aged and older women. In 2003, the European Parliament recommended to Member States that all women with breast cancer should be treated by a multidisciplinary team and that a network of certified breast centers be organized (the centers have been called Breast Units (BUs)). With the present study, we aim to explore the impact of the introduction of the BU organizational model in the Liguria region, Italy, through different outcome indicators. An explorative retrospective analysis was conducted through the period from 2013 to 2019 to assess the impact of the introduction of the BU model in our region. We identified two periods: before (2014–2015) and after (2017–2018) the introduction of this organizational model to assess its value impact through the definition of six measurable outcome indicators. Length of hospitalization, repeated specialist outpatient diagnostic procedures and the rate of subjects who started radiotherapy treatment within 60 days improved after the introduction of BUs. The passive health migration rate only improved significantly for one local health unit (LHU), while reintervention and diagnosis–surgery time did not show any enhancement after the introduction of the BU model. The BU model seems to provide an increase in several aspects of the healthcare offered to breast cancer patients in Liguria, specifically in those areas where a shared guideline could assist healthcare workers. Future research, such as pilot studies, are needed to assess the impact of the introduction of the BU model in our reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background In recent years, there has been a growing interest in health care personalization and customization (i.e. personalized medicine and patient-centered care). While some positive impacts of these approaches have been reported, there has been a dearth of research on how these approaches are implemented and combined for health care delivery systems. The present study undertakes a scoping review of articles on customized care to describe which patient characteristics are used for segmenting care, and to identify the challenges face to implement customized intervention in routine care. Methods Article searches were initially conducted in November 2018, and updated in January 2019 and March 2019, according to Prisma guidelines. Two investigators independently searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Science Direct and JSTOR, The search was focused on articles that included “care customization”, “personalized service and health care”, individualized care” and “targeting population” in the title or abstract. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. Disagreements on study selection and data extraction were resolved by consensus and discussion between two reviewers. Results We identified 70 articles published between 2008 and 2019. Most of the articles (n = 43) were published from 2016 to 2019. Four categories of patient characteristics used for segmentation analysis emerged: clinical, psychosocial, service and costs. We observed these characteristics often coexisted with the most commonly described combinations, namely clinical, psychosocial and service. A small number of articles (n = 18) reported assessments on quality of care, experiences and costs. Finally, few articles (n = 6) formally defined a conceptual basis related to mass customization, whereas only half of articles used existing theories to guide their analysis or interpretation. Conclusions There is no common theory based strategy for providing customized care. In response, we have highlighted three areas for researchers and managers to advance the customization in health care delivery systems: better define the content of the segmentation analysis and the intervention steps, demonstrate its added value, in particular its economic viability, and align the logics of action that underpin current efforts of customization. These steps would allow them to use customization to reduce costs and improve quality of care.

The dynamics of change in the work environment are becoming more dizzying, given that adopting new technologies generates new knowledge and jobs. This research analyzed a case study of a Mexican university implementing alternative credentials. The method was instrumental case study research, with exploratory and descriptive categories, applying three instruments: documentary analysis of alternative credential programs, a questionnaire, and interviews with the experts involved in designing and delivering alternative credentials. In this case, the implementation of alternative credentials coincided with the reference frameworks of the European Union and the province of Ontario, Canada. Their frameworks mention the vision and institutional mission of alternative credentialing for the value offered, its definition, operation, award processes, accreditation, and quality. The case provides data for interested higher education institutions, such as why to do it, the strategy to follow, the added value offered, the elements that define it and its design, the assessment process and assignment, the timing of accreditation, and where it is recognized. This research contributes recommendations for defining and managing alternative credentials to serve as a reference for other universities interested in incorporating technology-supported educational innovations.

In the European framework of multifunctional agriculture, Social Farming (SF) has constantly been spreading. In Italy, these practices are legally connected to Animal Assisted Interventions (AAI), creating new perspectives and challenges for farmers and their territories. In this paper, we report the results of a pilot study conducted in the Veneto Region to understand farmers' opinions about the opportunities and challenges of SF and AAI. Participants were convened by the Italian farmers' trade organization Coldiretti. All of them provide social/healthcare services on their farms, including human–animal interaction, and have attended the regional training courses for Social Farming providers. Data were collected during two focus groups that were videotaped and subsequently analyzed by two researchers to categorize and dope out relevant topics. Results show a mismatch between what is stated by national and regional laws and the current situation reported by farmers. They are faced with many economic challenges as well as barriers in their relationship with traditional healthcare services. However, farmers have a strong motivation and believe in the benefits that AAI and SF offer to society in rural and urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Resource-based View argues that achieving a sustainable competitive advantage depends on managers seeking valuable and rare resources with a high cost of imitation from within an organization, particularly on the ability to organize such resources. Concomitant with the progression of the four stages of entrepreneurship education at Chinese higher education institutions—the formation stage, the development stage, the expansion stage, and the reform stage, entrepreneurship institutes have gradually become the primary vehicle through which higher education institutions provide entrepreneurship education. Due to the different characteristics of higher education institutions, three organizational models, namely independent, dependent and cooperative models, have been formed in the actual operation process. However, the current organizations of entrepreneurship education face organizational governance failure, target positioning deviation, and poor openness. They must innovate in optimizing organizational governance mechanisms, reshaping entrepreneurship education goals, and the collaborative participation of internal and external subjects. This research has practical and policy significance for deepening the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a paradigm shift in educational systems. During the lockdown, higher education became digital. This caused a change in communication within the educational ecosystem. Relational coordination (RC) is a communication and relationship model associated with the improvement of organizational results. Therefore, the objective of this research is to build an organizational model of online learning applied during the pandemic period and compare it with the previous face-to-face learning. A sample of 2774 students from two Ecuadorian universities was selected. A two-stage methodology was applied: First, an organizational model of online learning was built using multivariate methods. The RC model was linked to student satisfaction using generalized linear models (GLM). In the second stage, the organizational differences between the 2018 face-to-face and the 2020 online learning were identified. Finally, the online learning model was validated with external data. The components associated with a higher level of RC were institutional cooperation, institutional problem-solving, and administrative communication. Administrative communication lost importance in the online model. Significant differences between the satisfaction of the two models were not found. Nevertheless, since online learning was not associated with an improvement in satisfaction, the creation of a third educational model that combines the best practices of online and face-to-face learning in a hybrid system could be an alternative that improves the satisfaction of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability assessment is one of the basic issues in the agenda of public authorities and it requires practical tools to measure performance in terms of sustainable development goals. Most studies in literature deal with only one dimension of the problem of environmental components of sustainability. These studies discuss entities at only one level (cities, buildings, etc.), and one layer (green, smart, etc.) in selected dimensions. The literature includes no models that claim to provide an integrated assessment of entities’ performance in the 3D Cartesian system. The presently available models do not offer solutions that would be applicable in practice. SIMURG (A performance-based and Sustainability-Oriented Integration Model Using Relational database architecture to increase Global competitiveness of construction industry) proposes using layers and their KPI sets in the assessment process. In addition to philosophical, organisational, integrational, and computational models, this study aims to develop a lean architecture of a relational database model by eliminating ineffective solutions in the practical dimension, i.e. in the computer model. The model can be used by individuals to help them choose built environment whose characteristics match their expectations. Public authorities can utilise the model to increase the level of accountability, transparency, and legitimacy in their decision-making processes.

Issues of scientific and technological development of the economy, increasing its competitiveness, including various aspects of technological integration, are the subject of foreign and domestic research. At the same time, technological integration is considered as a key direction of the new industrial and scientific-technical policy, as a means of transition to the digital economy, to production processes with higher added value, as a means of establishing a constructive dialogue between industrial enterprises and science. The reason for this is, on the one hand, the relative novelty of this economic phenomenon, and, on the other, the lack of theoretical and methodological tools for modelling the development of technological integration. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of modelling the development of technological integration in the context of priority scientific and technological development of the Russian economy. The article uses a wide range of general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, grouping, typing, modelling, economicstatistical and graphical. The main methodological approaches used in the article are: structural-functional, instrumental and process approaches, which are reflected in the scientific and practical material of the general theory of systems, the theory of organization. The theoretical results of the study are the disclosure of the organizational model for the development of technological integration as a dynamic set of interconnected modules: management and coordination; structure; processes; resources designated to achieve the strategic objectives of technology integration participants. Classification characteristics of technological integration development processes have been identified and theoretically justified. The applied result is a specialized modelling tool based on a combination of a standardized approach and improved design quality with the ability to test simulated processes and the presence of stable feedback with all participants in technological integration. The process model of technological integration development was argued, its decomposition was carried out, which allows distinguishing the main, supporting and regulatory processes of participants in technological integration. The combination of these models facilitates the management of these processes in order to maximize the efficiency of the modern economy. An organizational and economic mechanism for modelling the development of technological integration is proposed, which allows the use of operational monitoring, due to the vector orientation of which it becomes possible to promptly carry out regular adjustments of key parameters of assessing the impact of technological integration on the results of technological development in national economies.

The article discusses the major steps in development of health and social care for the child population in Russian Federation. Principal legislative and regulatory acts covering the medical care provision are specified. Two regional organizational models of health and social care for the child population were presented, they have shown their effectiveness. Principle problems for the development of systematic approach to the organization of health and social care for children in Russia are listed. Moreover, main directions for its development and nearest prospects associated with the implementation of program activities carried out within the framework of the Decade of Childhood.

Background and Purpose: This work developed an Egyptian tool for evaluating rationing of nursing care in critical units and investigated its association with nursing organization attributes and six nurse-sensitive patient outcomes. Methods: Rationing of the nursing care questionnaire and concurrent record review were conducted to collect data. Results: Developed Egyptian tool of rationing of nursing care contained 36 items in six components. Adverse patient outcomes were detected as medication administration errors (27.9%), pulmonary infection (24.5%), pressure ulcer (20.3%), bloodstream infections (12.6%), urinary tract infections (10.3%), and patient falls (4.7%). The mild level of rationing of nursing care was positively associated with negative patient outcomes and negatively correlated with fair nursing organization attributes. Conclusion: The valid and reliable Egyptian tool for evaluating the rationing of nursing care was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the current standards for pedagogical practices for the subjects Informatics and Informational Technologies for students in Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” and the evaluation criteria for them. Some difficulties with online education due to the COVID-19 pandemics are noted. The author presents an organizational model for pedagogical practices of students in Informatics and Informational Technologies in which the trainees swap between primary and high school in the middle of their semester. The research is in pilot stage and presents results only from the author observations and non-formal interviews with students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study objective: identification of risk factors for the formation of cirrhosis and PLC in patients with chronic hepatitis B, C and D to develop a personalized, approach in treatment and prevention, of complications.Materials and. methods. The materials of the official statistics of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the infectious disease department for treating patients with viral hepatitis of the Yakutsk Clinical Hospital were studied. Complex clinical, serological, and. molecular biological studies with the genotyping of hepatitis B, C, and D viruses were conducted (n = 354).The results of the study. The prevalence of CVH B, C and. D in the territory of Yakutia is the primary cause of high, complications (such, as cirrhosis and. PLC) rate.The most significant risk factors for the formation of cirrhosis and. PLC in CVH among the population, living in various geographical areas of the republic are identified. Large-scale vaccination, against hepatitis B will not only significantly reduce the amount of deaths caused, by HBV infection, but also generally have a positive effect on the epidemiological situation in the region. The organizational model for assisting CVH patients in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has been developed.Findings. Regions with the highest prevalence of hepatitis B, C and. D with the progressive course of the disease are identified. Risk factors for PLC in hepatitis B, C and. D are isolated.

Background: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in health care personalization and customization (i.e. personalized medicine and patient-centered care). While some positive impacts of these approaches have been reported, there has been a dearth of research on how these approaches are implemented and combined for health care delivery systems. The present study undertakes a scoping review of articles on customized care to describe which patient characteristics are used for segmenting care, and to identify the challenges face to implement customized intervention in routine care.Methods: Article searches were initially conducted in November 2018, and updated in January 2019 and March 2019, according to Prisma guidelines. Two investigators independently searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Science Direct and JSTOR, The search was focused on articles that included "care customization", "personalized service and health care", individualized care" and "targeting population" in the title or abstract. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. Disagreements on study selection and data extraction were resolved by consensus and discussion between two reviewers.Results: We identified 70 articles published between 2008 and 2019. Most of the articles (n = 43) were published from 2016 to 2019. Four categories of patient characteristics used for segmentation analysis emerged: clinical, psychosocial, service and costs. We observed these characteristics often coexisted with the most commonly described combinations, namely clinical, psychosocial and service. A small number of articles (n = 18) reported assessments on quality of care, experiences and costs. Finally, few articles (n = 6) formally defined a conceptual basis related to mass customization, whereas only half of articles used existing theories to guide their analysis or interpretation.Conclusions: There is no common theory based strategy for providing customized care. In response, we have highlighted three areas for researchers and managers to advance the customization in health care delivery systems: better define the content of the segmentation analysis and the intervention steps, demonstrate its added value, in particular its economic viability, and align the logics of action that underpin current efforts of customization. These steps would allow them to use customization to reduce costs and improve quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a paradigm shift in educational systems. During the lockdown, higher education became digital. This caused a change in communication within the educational ecosystem. Relational coordination (RC) is a communication and relationship model associated with the improvement of organizational results. Therefore, the objective of this research is to build an organizational model of online learning applied during the pandemic period and compare it with the previous face-to-face learning. A sample of 2774 students from two Ecuadorian universities was selected. A two-stage methodology was applied: First, an organizational model of online learning was built using multivariate methods. The RC model was linked to student satisfaction using generalized linear models (GLM). In the second stage, the organizational differences between the 2018 face-to-face and the 2020 online learning were identified. Finally, the online learning model was validated with external data. The components associated with a higher level of RC were institutional cooperation, institutional problem-solving, and administrative communication. Administrative communication lost importance in the online model. Significant differences between the satisfaction of the two models were not found. Nevertheless, since online learning was not associated with an improvement in satisfaction, the creation of a third educational model that combines the best practices of online and face-to-face learning in a hybrid system could be an alternative that improves the satisfaction of students.

This study analyses the degree of patient satisfaction regarding the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) by taking into account the waiting time which is considered to be associated with the success of the EMS organizational model.

The tax administration effectiveness depends on the level of tax revenues and economic system functioning and the stable economic development of any government. The article considers institutional aspects of tax administration. The purpose of this study is to describe, evaluate and search for the development prospects of the organizational model of tax administration. The authors describe the contemporary condition of the Republic of Kazakhstan tax authorities’ organizational structure. Moreover, the international practices of the tax administration’s organizational system in modern realities is overviewed. The tax administration effectiveness is evaluated by the correlation-regression analysis of the tax authorities’ activity indicators. As a result, the relationship between the degree of effectiveness of tax administration and key performance indicators of tax authorities were identified and evaluated. Based on the conducted theoretical research, this paper reviewed tax administration’s partner system within the perspective innovative development framework. The research results are of interest to economists and public officials in the tax audit field.

Organizational change occurs in every organization that deals with growth and transition. Organizational leaders develop a commitment to lifelong learning throughout their careers. As the organizational leader grows, the organization in which they lead grows as well. Organizational leaders are characterized by how they develop their strategic plan that will influence change. Discipline is essential to the development of a leader influencing organizational change. Organizational leaders create psychological contracts with employees to build trust, confidence, and business relationships. Psychological contracts motivate employees intrinsically, and in ways that go beyond the confines of the physical contract signed between employees and management. Organizational leaders honor psychological contracts to take advantage of the talented employees that can benefit the organization. Psychological contracts assist leaders guiding their organization through changes by creating intrinsic motivators to develop an understanding of expectations. Changes that need to occur should be well communicated and implemented at a time that offers the organization and advantage rather than a setback. Leadership differs from management by requiring an alternative approach when dealing with employees and how to direct change at the individual, group, or larger system level. Organizational leaders create an environment for change that must be nurtured for the employees to commit to following the leader. Organizational change develops throughout the life cycle of an organization and is dependent on the organizational leader’s willingness to continue to learn.