15,346 results on '"names"'
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2. Distinctively black names and mechanisms of discrimination: Evidence from the early 20th century
- Author
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Castro, Catalina Anampa, Warren, John Robert, and Helgertz, Jonas
- Published
- 2025
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3. Persistence of the Gender Frame: Gender Perceptions of Ambiguous Chinese and Gender-Neutral American Names in the United States.
- Author
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Yao, Man
- Abstract
How do people conduct gender classification in ambiguous contexts? A gender framing perspective suggests the pervasiveness and consequences of using gender in novel contexts, but there is a paucity of knowledge about how people assign a gender to ambiguous targets in interpersonal relations. This study fills in this knowledge gap by investigating how U.S. individuals classify the gender of two types of gender-ambiguous names—Chinese names written in English letters and gender-neutral American names. It also examines how respondents' gender ideologies and racial stereotypes are associated with their perceptions of gender-ambiguous names. An online survey experiment with 795 U.S. individuals finds that respondents predominantly assign a binary gender (versus neutral or unsure) to both Chinese names (40.8 percent men and 37.4 percent women) and gender-neutral American names (41.1 percent men and 19.4 percent women). Multivariate analyses reveal that respondents with traditional gender ideologies associate a gender-binary perception with gender-neutral American names rather than Chinese names. Meanwhile, respondents who endorse the racialized stereotypes that Chinese people are socially cold and/or generally competent are more likely to perceive Chinese names as men's names. These findings demonstrate that a gender-binary frame persists in ambiguous contexts, and that the classification outcome is conditional on contextual signals and preexisting cultural beliefs. They also deepen understanding of gender neutrality during social interactions and a gendered nature of racialized stereotypes. Plain Language Summary: Understanding How Americans Guess the Gender of Ambiguous Names In a world where names often give us a clue about a person's gender, what happens when a name does not fit the usual patterns? This study looks at this question about how Americans react to names that do not clearly indicate whether the person is men or women. It focused on two kinds of names that can be tricky to classify: Chinese names written with English letters (like "Zihan" or "Yan") and American gender-neutral names that are used by all genders (like "Robin" or "Charlie"). I recruited nearly 800 people in the U.S. to take part in an online survey. They were shown these gender-ambiguous names and asked to guess the gender of the person. Most of the time, people in the study decided that the name belonged to a binary gender, either women's names or men's names. This was true for both the Chinese names and the American names, even if I also gave them the options of "Gender neutral" and "I am not sure." But why? I find that people's own beliefs about gender differences and their stereotypes about Chinese individuals played a role. People with more traditional views about men and women were more likely to see the American gender-neutral names as a binary-gender name, rather than gender neutral or indicating uncertainty. And for the Chinese names, people who hold ideas about Chinese people being less friendly or very competent were more likely to guess these names as men's names. What this study shows is that even when it is not clear, many people still see gender in a very dichotomous way. It also shows that the way we think about gender ambiguity is influenced by our cultural background and our personal beliefs. As society becomes more gender inclusive and as people from various cultures interact more, it is important to understand how these subtle cues, like names, influence the way we think about each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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4. Letter labels and illusory correlation: infrequent letters bias reactions to the group.
- Author
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Johnson, Craig
- Subjects
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RESEARCH bias , *SOCIAL science research , *MINORITIES - Abstract
A previously underappreciated factor, the specific letters used to label the groups, was found to influence the magnitude of the well-established illusory correlation (IC) effect. The typical IC effect of an association between the minority group and the rarer (negative) behavior was strong when the minority group was labeled with an infrequent letter (e.g. X, Z) and the majority group was labeled with a frequent letter (e.g. S, T), but the effect was eliminated (or reduced) with the reverse pairing of the majority group with an infrequent letter. The letter label effect was also found with the A and B labels most commonly used in this paradigm. The results were consistent with an explanation based on the affect associated with the letters due to the mere exposure effect. The findings reveal a previously unexplored way that the names for groups may influence stereotype formation, contribute to the debate on the mechanism underlying IC, and illustrate how arbitrarily chosen labels for groups and other objects in social research may bias processing in unexpected ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. The politics of colonial residential place names in Zvishavane, Zimbabwe: unmasking European hegemony.
- Author
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Gijimah, Tevedzerai, Tembo, Charles, and Maganga, Allan T.
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COLONIES ,HEGEMONY ,POLITICAL science ,IDEOLOGY - Abstract
The research is a qualitative analysis of the names that were given to residential places in Zvishavane during the colonial period. It seeks to examine the politics of naming through an analysis of toponyms of Shabbanie Mashava Mines residential areas in a bid to unmask European Hegemony. The research is inspired by nommo, a tenet of Afrocentricity through the use of discourse analysis and semi-structured interviews with the elderly members of Zvishavane community who were mine employees during the colonial period, the research recognises that colonial residential place names of the then Shabbanie mines show the dichotomies that existed between the white population and the black population. The names were meant to communicate colonial ideologies which were meant to place the African race at the periphery and the European race at the centre. The environment that produced toponyms around Zvishavane town reveals an insatiable appetite for the valorisation of European memory and privileges. The study concludes that naming is not a haphazard endeavor, but rather, a weapon that was used in the colonial period to lampoon and castigate the Black race. Through names, the paper exposes the nature of relations that existed between Blacks and Whites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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6. Proper names as speech acts.
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Capone, Alessandro
- Subjects
NAMES ,PRAGMATICS ,SPEECH ,LANGUAGE & languages ,SEMANTICS - Abstract
In this paper, I question the idea that proper names are merely used to refer to things or individuals. However, I am not going to use predicativism to prove this point. I will somehow look at things from the point of view of scholars like Frege or Kripke. I consider that this idea (that proper names are merely used to refer, at least when they are in argument positions) stems from a view of language that does not throw proper light on contextuality as discussed by Mey, Jacob. 2001. Pragmatics. Oxford: Wiley. From the very beginning, I argue that the issue can be seen in a better light through a theory of language use that considers language games as embedded in a society and a culture. I accept the idea that there are norms for introducing names in society and for using them in an appropriate way. Even if, for most philosophers, referring is the basic function of proper names, I propose that in a number of cases proper names are not essentially used to refer (although it is possible that the name allows a combination of referring and other functions). The referring function of names broadly correlates with the assertive function of the utterance in which the name occurs or with speech acts whose aim is to modify reality and, therefore, persuade, modify, create, promote, destroy, etc. objects or individuals (often referred to with proper names). However, there are other types of speech acts where proper names are not only used to refer, but, instead, to call someone (another case is scolding someone or a dog). Intentions clearly emerge in context. The same utterance may have more than one function, from the illocutionary point of view, but a proper name, as situated in different contexts, may have more than one perlocutionary function. I argue that while the speech act of referring is always a diagonal speech act, the speech act of calling someone (by the use of a proper name) is not a diagonal speech act but a self-sufficient, autonomous, primary speech act. Hence there is a clear difference between referring through an assertion and referring as part of calling, where referring is incorporated into the main speech act as part of the explicit illocutionary force of the speech act. In an assertion, referring is a prerequisite to providing a referent about which a property is asserted. Predication and reference are intertwined. In a speech act other than an assertion, there need not be a predicate, and referring and calling (or some other speech act) are connected. I propose that the learning of the speech act of calling by the use of a name requires certain syntactic considerations, that prima facie contradict Chomsky's binding theory. I then put forward the view that learning one's name requires, at some stage, knowledge of the semantics of de se structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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7. Sharing names and information: Incidental similarities between CEOs and analysts can lead to favoritism in information disclosure.
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Even-Tov, Omri, Huang, Kanyuan, Trueman, Brett, Bogard, Jonathan, and Goldstein, Noah
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favoritism ,information disclosure ,similarity ,Humans ,Disclosure ,Names - Abstract
When two people coincidentally have something in common (such as a name or birthday), they tend to like each other more and are thus more likely to offer help and comply with requests. This dynamic can have important legal and ethical consequences whenever these incidental similarities give rise to unfair favoritism. Using a large-scale, longitudinal natural experiment, covering nearly 200,000 annual earnings forecasts over more than 25 y, we show that when a CEO and a securities analyst share a first name, the analysts financial forecast is more accurate. We offer evidence that name matching improves forecast accuracy due to CEOs privately sharing pertinent information with name-matched analysts. Additionally, we show that this effect is especially pronounced among CEO-analyst pairs who share an uncommon first name. Our research thus demonstrates how incidental similarities can give way to special treatment. Whereas most investigations of the effects of similarity consider only one-shot interactions, we use a longitudinal dataset to show that the effect of name matching diminishes over time with more interactions between CEOs and analysts. We also point to the findings of an experiment suggesting that favoritism born of sharing a name may evade straightforward regulation in part due to peoples perception that name similarity would exert little influence on them. Taken together, our work offers insight into when private disclosures are likely to be made. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of regulatory policies can be significantly impacted by psychological factors shaping the context in which they are implemented.
- Published
- 2023
8. In Conversation, Answers Are Remembered Better Than the Questions Themselves
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Zormpa, Eirini, Meyer, Antje S, and Brehm, Laurel E
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Biological Psychology ,Cognitive and Computational Psychology ,Psychology ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Mental health ,Humans ,Mental Recall ,Communication ,Language ,Linguistics ,Names ,focus ,question-answer pairs ,recognition memory ,dialogue ,production effect ,Cognitive Sciences ,Experimental Psychology ,Cognitive and computational psychology - Abstract
Language is used in communicative contexts to identify and successfully transmit new information that should be later remembered. In three studies, we used question-answer pairs, a naturalistic device for focusing information, to examine how properties of conversations inform later item memory. In Experiment 1, participants viewed three pictures while listening to a recorded question-answer exchange between two people about the locations of two of the displayed pictures. In a memory recognition test conducted online a day later, participants recognized the names of pictures that served as answers more accurately than the names of pictures that appeared as questions. This suggests that this type of focus indeed boosts memory. In Experiment 2, participants listened to the same items embedded in declarative sentences. There was a reduced memory benefit for the second item, confirming the role of linguistic focus on later memory beyond a simple serial-position effect. In Experiment 3, two participants asked and answered the same questions about objects in a dialogue. Here, answers continued to receive a memory benefit, and this focus effect was accentuated by language production such that information-seekers remembered the answers to their questions better than information-givers remembered the questions they had been asked. Combined, these studies show how people's memory for conversation is modulated by the referential status of the items mentioned and by the speaker's roles of the conversation participants. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2023
9. Expected names or named expectations: an examination of names and their associations with standard American and Spanish-accented English.
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Ramos, Jorge E., Roca-Ramirez, Sara I., and Reyes, Gabriella
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ATTITUDES toward language , *AMERICAN English language , *ENGLISH language usage , *NONVERBAL cues , *LANGUAGE research - Abstract
Notwithstanding a body of research examining the way names are associated with the perception and treatment of individuals across social contexts, scant attention has been paid to the study of names in language attitudes research. This study explores American English listeners’ evaluative reactions to standard American and Spanish-accented English when exposed to a name indexing ethnic affiliation (White or Latinx). Participants listened to recordings and rated them along the dimensions of status and solidarity, and perceived accentedness. Additionally, listeners’ expectations about name–accent pairings were measured, and responses about how they reasoned these expectations were also collected and analysed thematically. The results showed that, overall, standard American English was more positively evaluated for status, but not solidarity, than Spanish-accented English. Relatedly, although names were not associated with solidarity or accentedness, there was an effect in which speakers paired with Latinx names were attributed higher status when compared to a control group (audio only). Furthermore, name–accent pairings were a reliable predictor of the valence of listeners’ expectations, which the thematic analysis revealed were underpinned by ideologies of nativeness, raciolinguistic ideologies and ideologies of goodness-of-fit. These findings underscore the importance of exploring other non-verbal cues such as names to better understand listeners’ language attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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10. Naming, labelling and the cultural construction of the identity of persons with albinism in East, Central, and West Africa.
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Otundo, Billian Khalayi and Dodounou, Tsevi
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IDENTITY (Psychology) , *IDENTITY crises (Psychology) , *SYMBOLIC interactionism , *SOCIAL marginality , *SOCIAL stigma - Abstract
Names and labels attributed to persons with albinism (PWA) in East, Central, and West Africa, reflect deeply rooted cultural beliefs, superstitions, and etiological and historical narratives. In these regions, the identity of the black PWA differs by his/her black/white duality – Black but not black, white but not White. Using Labelling and Symbolic Interactionism frameworks, we address three questions: (i) How are PWA named and labelled across East, Central, and West Africa? (ii) How can we categorise the predominant names and labels? (iii) How do these names and labels reflect socio-cultural conceptions, affect behaviour towards PWA, and contribute to the external construction of the identity of PWA? Principal categories emerge: supernatural affiliation, pigmentation, association with economic capital, vegetal and earth affiliations, zoosemic metaphors, and ambiguous/undetermined labels. These categories reflect cultural sentiments ranging from adulation to ostracisation, influencing social behaviour and identity construction. While some cultures regard PWA as celestial entities, others link them to curses or tragedy. Labels that commodify PWA render them targets for exploitation and violence, while vegetal, zoosemic, and ambiguous terminology contribute to alienation and identity crisis. This research demonstrates how cultural constructs of identity through language reinforce stigma and prejudice against PWA, worsening their social marginalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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11. The social semiotics of Mambwe clan names and praises.
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Simungala, Gabriel and Banda, Felix
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GENDER role , *SOCIAL semiotics , *KNOWLEDGE transfer , *PRAISE , *ETHNICITY , *INTERGENERATIONAL relations - Abstract
The study explores the clan names and praises of the Mambwe-speaking people of Northern Zambia from a social semiotics perspective. Specifically drawing on the concept of semiotic assemblages, it considers the names and praises as more than just linguistic resources but as meaning-making collections that contribute to the collective self-representation of the Mambwe people. The assembled expressions reflect their worldviews, sociocultural narratives, and identities. The study shows the interconnectedness of gender roles, bioenvironmental factors, community activities, folklore, ethnicity, and self-asserting narratives within the contexts of clan names and praises. Furthermore, it demonstrates the multi-layered meanings resulting from the emotional forces of the interactions among individuals, living and non-living objects, events and bioenvironmental factors in time-spaces. It concludes that clan names and praises are narratives of expressions that represent the psycho-social and historical paths of the Mambwe people, and they play a crucial role in the intergenerational transfer of knowledge and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. Gendering visions of the postcolonial modernist state through names: a literary onomastic analysis of Nii Ayikwei Parkes's Tail of the Blue Bird (2009).
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Bonsu, Emmanuel Mensah, Asempasah, Rogers, and Sam, Christabel Aba
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POSTCOLONIALISM , *FEMINIST theory , *FEMINISM , *FICTIONAL characters , *COLONIZATION - Abstract
African literature is a crucial arena for deconstructing norms, and imagining communities or alternative modes of sociality and being. In many postcolonial African literary works, particularly those grappling with the legacy of European colonisation and the challenges of nation-building, the modernist state is frequently depicted as an entity emblematic of violence and dispossession inflicted upon the populace. However, it is also sometimes portrayed as offering a degree of hope and possibility amidst the turmoil. Drawing on literary onomastics and insights from Rights and Feminist theories, the article examines Parkes' strategic use of names to articulate ethicality in Tail of the Blue Bird. Parkes argues for a true decolonisation by radically replacing and reassessing the patriarchal ideology that creates violence and trauma in postcolonial societies. This should happen by embracing the feminine principles represented by the main female characters in the novel. The article shows that the semiotics and character roles of Esi Mensisi and Yaa Somu as women constitute crucial sites for Parkes' rumination on human flourishing and ethicality in the postcolonial modernist state. The article has implications for studies on literary onomastics, characterisation, and how African writers attempt to reimagine postcolonial politics and sociality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Historical and methodological reflections on the context of scholarly and publishing activities of our martial arts research community.
- Author
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CYNARSKI, WOJCIECH J.
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MARTIAL arts ,COMBAT sports ,WESTERN civilization ,SCHOLARLY publishing ,ART & society - Abstract
Copyright of Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology is the property of Idokan Poland Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Names and Rulings in the Doctrinal Study According to Ibn al-Qayyim: The Question of Essence and Importance.
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ALSHAEBI, Mohamed Mohamed
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ISLAMISTS , *DEFINITIONS , *WISDOM - Abstract
this research discusses one of the first controversial issues in the history of islamist articles which is the issue of ( the religious immoralist) or what was later known in the doctrinal works as the chapter of ( names and rulings) The research addresses this issue from the perspective of Imam Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya, and based on what logical arrangements require, the research was divided into a position on the visualizations ( the definitions of names and rulings ) and a position of the ratifications ( the importance of names and rulings) in the first position it presents a logical approach that gathers what Ibn al-Qayyim spread in the folds of his books, in his interpretation of the nature of names and rulings, the research reached into four influential fundamentals, by which the concept of names and rulings is determined, which are : the definition of the one who established the concept, the relationship between the concept and of the subject and the mechanism of establishment, the concept of names and rulings between the general and the particular, and the finality of the concept of names and rulings . this approach resulted in this chapter being purely transmitted and that the use of these names and the rulings resulting from them can only be purely transmitted, it also resulted distinction between Takfir by type and takfir by eye . And as for the second position, the importance of names and rulings, the research has shown the strong consistency and influence of mistaking in the position of truth, which is by denying wisdom and reasoning in his actions, or mistaking in the position of creation, which is by permitting the shedding of their blood, money, and honor resulting from declaring them infidels, or mistaking in the position of Shariah,either by denying its majesty through the Irja'i view or denying its beauty through the view of [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
15. On the use of the generic names Actinocyclus Ehrenberg and Hemidiscus Wallich with a discussion of some names currently in Euodia J.W. Bailey.
- Author
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Williams, David M.
- Subjects
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POLYMORPHISM (Zoology) , *FAMILY relations , *FOSSILS , *SPECIES , *ARGUMENT - Abstract
This study is intended to draw attention to the potential diversity at the species-level in the genus Hemidiscus, both fossil and Recent, to reject unsupported explanations of polymorphism for 'variable' sets of specimens, and to act as a prolegomena for its eventual re-assessment, along with its relationships within the family Hemidiscaceae. It is not intended as a revision of the genus nor is it a complete evaluation of the species-level diversity. It is a summary of some of the types found in the BM, especially those still in the genus Euodia, to provide arguments for not sinking all species currently known in Hemidiscus into Actinocyclus. Three new species are described: Hemidiscus kociolekii, Hemidiscus moronensis and Hemidiscus gigantea, the latter two are new species solely because they lack a validly published name. Four new combinations are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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16. IMAGOLOGIA ȘI „ISTORIILE” EI (III).
- Author
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DASCĂLU, Bogdan Mihai
- Subjects
RADIOGRAPHY ,HESITATION ,CONCORD ,DEFINITIONS - Abstract
Copyright of Studii de Ştiintă şi Cultură is the property of Studii de Stiinta si Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
17. FANTASTIC NAMES AND HOW TO TRANSLATE THEM.
- Author
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Stoyanova-Georgieva, Irina
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POTTER, Harry (Fictional character) ,GEOGRAPHIC names ,PERSONAL names ,EMPIRICAL research ,TRANSLATING & interpreting - Abstract
The current paper presents an empirical research that studies the approaches governing the process of transformation from English into Bulgarian of elements in the source text which are heavily loaded with culture, symbolism and meaning. More precisely, the article pays attention to the transformation of personal names, titles, names of fantastic beasts (animals), names of objects and institutions, as well as geographical names excerpted from a beloved companion book of the Harry Potter series. The study examines the source text of Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them and its Bulgarian translation mapping and describing the translator’s treatment of these items, discussing the effectiveness of the different procedures and the motivation for their application. In the pursuit of a leading approach which governed the translator’s decisions (to domesticate or to foreignize), the study reaches to the conclusion that in the majority of the cases it is not the decision to read the text as an original or as a translation that governs the choice of translation techniques but the function and the role of the different denominations in the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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18. Reflections of Chinese character culture in nomenclature: A quantitative linguistic and geolinguistic examination of five-star hotel names in China.
- Author
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Synn, Asa
- Subjects
CHINESE characters ,NAMES ,LINGUISTICS ,AREAL linguistics - Abstract
This study investigates the names of 801 five-star hotels across the Chinese mainland, quantitatively analyzing syllable length, geographical names (city and province names), and common terms within six regions and thirty-one provinces. The research aims to elucidate the lexical characteristics evident in the names of these luxury hotels from a geolinguistic perspective, thus offering insights into China's linguistic culture. The analysis revealed that the prevalence of five-star hotels correlates significantly with economic size and geographical location. Notable regional differences were observed in the usage of syllable counts and geographical names, with marked distinctions between the north and south, and more subtle variations between the east and west. The employment of city names was particularly prominent. The term jiudian 酒店 emerged as the most frequently used common term, especially in the Central South and Northwest, while fandian 飯店 was more commonly used in the Southwest, North China, and Northeast. Additionally, a diverse array of common terms characterized the nomenclature in the East China region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. NOMENCLATURAS DEL ANONIMATO EN LAS CALLES DE MONTEVIDEO.
- Author
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Montealegre, Natalia
- Subjects
GENDER transition ,PUBLIC spaces ,LIMINALITY ,ETHNOLOGY ,ANTHROPOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Papeles del CEIC is the property of Centro de Estudios sobra la Identidad Colectiva, Facultas de Ciencias Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Unveiling the Landscape of Onomastics from 1972 to 2022: A Bibliometric Analysis.
- Author
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Li, Siyue, Kit, Chunyu, and Cheng, Le
- Subjects
BIBLIOMETRICS ,DIGITAL technology ,CITATION analysis ,DATA visualization ,ONOMASTICS ,DATA modeling - Abstract
Over the past five decades, onomastics has seen remarkable growth with fruitful publications and interdisciplinary collaborations. Despite the abundance of literature, a panoramic view of contribution networks and the evolutionary trajectory of this field has been lacking. To address this issue, this study presents a statistical assessment complemented by visualization clustering, rendering data from 768 journal articles and 28,357 references, to unfold impactful journals, influential scholars, foundational knowledge, and evolving frontiers. The outcomes of this research showcase the distribution of subtopics within each name category, depicting noteworthy contributors, focal trends, and cutting-edge subjects in the area. New themes that illuminate orientations include online naming, multi-identity construction, language processing, corpusassisted approaches, and neural-cognitive experiments. Further data-driven exploration of name-related themes is foreseen to yield valuable insights. Through this comprehensive assessment, this study elucidates the role of names as manifestations of human identity, social emotions, aesthetic ingenuity, and strategic communicative paradigms. The findings are poised to facilitate the discernment of human quality, societal stratification, interpretative nuances, and relationships underlying social issues. Additionally, this research exemplifies the efficacy of bibliometric analysis and proposes strategies to mitigate potential constraints, disclosing how quantitative data from onomastics can be applied in the digital era and beyond. This article is the corrected version of the original article. For more information on the changes made, see the erratum: http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/names.2024.2689. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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21. DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF PROPER NAMES OF UKRAINIAN EARLY MODERN PERIOD.
- Author
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NIKA, Оksana
- Subjects
UKRAINIAN language ,SERMON (Literary form) ,NAMES ,COGNITIVE ability ,IDEOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of the article is to define the specific character of proper names discursive implementation of Ukrainian proper names in the early modern period of the 17
th century. The research task is to characterize proper names as a resource of persuasiveness in the preaching discursive practice of the 17th century; to determine the discursive polyplanarity of proper names in early modern Ukrainian sermons; to analyze proper names in terms of text generation and cognitive processes of the speaker (knowledge, memory reproduction, analogy); to reveal the principles of combining proper names and creating images (metaphors, similes) in Ukrainian early modern practice; to establish the influence of ideology on the discourse and creation of the imagery of agionyms for the designation of the names of the Rus saints. Research methods: discourse analysis (to characterize the process of text generation in the preaching discursive practice of the 17th century, which is conditioned by historical sociocultural processes), onomastic discourse analysis (based on the analysis of proper names in discourse) taking into account axiological and ideological representations of discourses, contextual and interpretive analysis (two stages, contextualization and interpretation, are covered), linguistic and cultural interpretation (to characterize baroque conceptism and determine secondary meanings in the preaching discursive practice). Proper names are an active resource of text creation in the early modern sermon, which is analyzed in accordance with the traditional episteme and sociocultural conditions of the Ukrainian early modern of the second half of the 17th century, the requirements of institutional discourse, the type of discursive practice, and the author’s instructions. Baroque conceptism with the creation of new meanings contributed to the memorization and perception of the presentation, activation of attention, emotions of recipients, influence on the consciousness of Ruthenianas. The preaching practice of this period acquires certain signs of epistemic discursive transformations, which explain beliefs and partly knowledge that acquire symbolic meaning in the preaching activity to the discourse of faith. The encyclopedic nature of the author, the creation of new images, and persuasiveness accumulate in the preaching of multi-layered proper names that synthesize different cultural layers in the preacher’s updated interpretation. The onomastic discourse analysis not only studies the imagery of historical discourses, but also extrapolates the study of proper names to the peculiarities of ancient text generation and the cognitive processes of the speaker. Processing of information by the author is considered in the aspects of processing foreign language sources (analysis of methods of adaptation of borrowed proper names), reproduction of information from memory (inaccurate spelling of proper names), creation of analogies, images (metaphors, similes). The creation of images by analogy determines baroque syncretism, which combines theonyms and mythonyms, biblical anthroponyms and mythonyms, Christian theonyms and pagan theonyms. New fields of knowledge and secondary meanings of astronomical names (names of constellations, stars) become one of the resources of the baroque imagery of the sermon, its axiological representation. Sociocultural and ideological conditions actualize sermons in honor of the Rus saints in the Ukrainian preaching discourse. The comparison of these agionyms with biblical anthroponyms (parallels from the Old Testament), names of ancient philosophers, poets (Sophocles), names of world history (Alexander the Great) is characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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22. Onomastics of Age-Grade Names in the Igbo Community.
- Author
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Obiorah, Kenneth Ekezie
- Subjects
IGBO (African people) ,COMMUNITY development ,SOCIAL interaction ,URBANIZATION ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Onomastics of Igbo age-grade names: a fundamental sub-category of African names is the act of naming a group of people that are born in a particular period of time. It is a cultural practice that has survived civilisation and urbanisation, as the Igbo worldwide now join age-grade activities of their hometown via various social media platforms. No previous study has investigated how agegrade names are acquired and classified. Therefore, this study aims to provide a better understanding of how names given to age grades in Igbo communities are created and classified. Qualitative data elicited through one-on-one interviews with 18 members of different age groups in Anam, an Igbo community, were subjected to descriptive and thematic analysis. Findings reveal that age-grade names are acquired during the teenage period mainly by boys (for both males and females) and maintained till death. The different categories of names acquired by members of age grades include testimonial, ideational, monumental, war historical, descendant, praise, and lexical matching names. The age-grade names, like Igbo personal names, reflect the distinctive experience of the bearers. They also serve as a collective identity for all members during social interactions and community engagements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Skepi Creole Dutch: The Rodschied Papers.
- Author
-
Jacobs, Bart and Parkvall, Mikael
- Subjects
CREOLES ,PARADIGMS (Social sciences) ,BOTANY ,NAMES - Abstract
This paper presents new Skepi Creole Dutch data from the late-18th century, found in the work of the German scholar Ernst Karl Rodschied. The creole data include pronominal and verbal paradigms, a short 60-word excerpt from a private letter, and around two dozen names for local flora. After briefly introducing Rodschied, we present the data and compare them to the existing Skepi corpus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A contextual theory of fictional names.
- Author
-
Fiorin, Gaetano and Delfitto, Denis
- Subjects
SEMANTICS ,PRAGMATICS ,NAMES ,CONTEXTUAL analysis ,CONTEXTUALISM (Philosophy) - Abstract
We review some of the most prominent challenges in the semantics and pragmatics of fictional names and propose a pragmatic theory of fictional names whereby understanding a fictional name requires imagining possible contexts of interpretation of the name. Similarly to other pragmatic approaches to fiction and fictional contexts, we maintain that fictional texts require that the interpreter engages in a game of pretense of sort and are, therefore, prescriptions to imagine a state of affairs that is not the real one. In contrast to these approaches, however, we propose that interpreting a fictional text does not require imagining a set of possible state of affairs where the text would be true but, rather, requires imagining a set of possible contexts where the text would be meaningful. In order to apply this framework to fictional names, we adopt a contextual theory of proper names, which we have proposed and defended in previous work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. 'Vivo en la villa de los nombres reales': ética y política del nombre propio en Formas de volver a casa de Alejandro Zambra.
- Author
-
Daniel, Iván Pérez
- Subjects
- *
ANONYMS & pseudonyms , *NAMES , *LITERARY characters - Abstract
This article analyzes the importance of characters' names in Alejandro Zambra's 2011 novel FORMAS DE VOLVER A CASA. Although proper names in most fiction have some meaning, Zambra uses the names, lack of names, pseudonyms and nicknames of his characters, particularly the two narrators who double Zambra himself, to guide the reader toward the novel's subject: the ethical and aesthetic pitfalls of writing fiction, not testimony, about the evils of the Pinochet regime. Negotiating these pitfalls will help Zambra's avatars, and all Chileans, toward a social reconciliation that has yet to be complete. Zambra´s citing of Romain Gary in the novel´s epigraph affords a crucial link between the ethical and aesthetic implications here discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Decision-making in the translation of proper-name allusions: Translation strategies in both directions between English and Chinese.
- Author
-
Ren, Haimeng
- Subjects
- *
TRANSLATING & interpreting , *NAMES , *DECISION making , *ENGLISH language , *CHINESE language , *AWARENESS - Abstract
As an intertextual and culture-specific expression, allusion activates two texts simultaneously, embedding them with intended meaning from the source culture but not necessarily in the target culture. In the context of L1 translation being the majority, allusions can be puzzles that cause "cultural bumps" for translators unfamiliar with the source culture and language. It is a concern whether translators can accurately and appropriately handle allusions, e.g., proper-name and key-phrase allusions. This paper focused on the novice translator's utilization of translation strategies in both directions of translation to find out how they deal with proper-name allusions and what might influence their choice of strategies. The results suggest that the translators have distinct preferences for the strategies used to translate proper-name allusions in both directions of translation. The findings further identified potential factors that motivated the novice translators' decision-making process. They revealed their translation competence and awareness that may influence the decision-making of translators handling proper-name allusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Names exist when carving begins (shi zhi you ming 始制有名): A theory of names in Daodejing (道德經).
- Author
-
Hong, Hao
- Subjects
- *
SHARING - Abstract
Naming or names (ming 名) is one of the key concepts in Daodejing (道德經). According to a popular understanding, names in Daodejing correspond to features (xing 形) of things; ordinary things have names, but Dao is featureless and nameless. What is missing, however, is atheory of the relationship between names and features explaining why ordinary things have names but Dao does not. In this paper, I develop a theory of names in Daodejing that explains how names relate to things and their features. According to this theory, a name corresponds to a feature that is shared by a group of things, and names provide identity conditions for individuating ordinary things. Further, this theory implies that the various descriptions of Dao in Daodejing do not include names; therefore, talking about Dao while insisting that it is unnamable is not committed to any paradox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Solving the Starry Symbols of Sargon II.
- Author
-
Worthington, Martin
- Subjects
- *
SIGNS & symbols , *CONSTELLATIONS - Abstract
The city of Khorsabad (ancient Dūr-Šarrukīn), the newly built capital of Sargon II of Assyria, contained multiple instances of a sequence of five images or symbols (lion, bird, bull, tree, plow) which also appeared shortened to three (lion, tree, plow). What did they mean? There is currently no consensus. This paper proposes a new solution, suggesting that the images a) symbolize specific constellations and b) represent Babylonian/Assyrian words whose sounds "spell out" Sargon's name (this works for both the long and the short version). Combining these two traits, the effect of the symbols was to assert that Sargon's name was written in the heavens, for all eternity, and also to associate him with the gods Anu and Enlil, to whom the constellations in question were linked. It is further suggested that Sargon's name was elsewhere symbolized by a lion passant (pacing lion), through a bilingual pun. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A comprehensive dataset of the geophilid centipedes of the south-eastern Alps (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae s.l.).
- Author
-
Gregnanin, Luca and Bonato, Lucio
- Subjects
GEOPHILIDA ,CENTIPEDES ,TAXONOMY ,NAMES ,BIOMARKERS - Abstract
Background: Centipedes of the family Geophilidae s.l. are widespread in the Holarctic, with the south-eastern part of the European Alps standing out as one of the most investigated regions. However, retrieving the published records for this taxon, even for this region, is challenging, since most of them are sparse in the specialised literature and interpreting them is hampered by the many taxonomic and nomenclatorial changes occurred in the past and recent times. New information: We assembled and released a dataset of occurrence records of the geophilid species in the south-eastern Alps, including all the published records and many other records present in unpublished catalogues of scientific collections. For each record, we integrated information from all the sources about: locality, date of collection, the taxonomic identifications, number and sex of individuals and available sequences of molecular markers. For all the records, we estimated geographic coordinates of the locality, when not originally provided, based on the information available. We also estimated the accuracy of the position. The dataset includes 3293 records referred to 39 species, obtained since the first half of the 19
th century and up to 2022; 52% of these records have been released publicly for the first time in the dataset here described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Cherchez la femme: Ancient Israelite Women’s Religion in Light of their Personal Names
- Author
-
Mitka Golub and Anat Mendel-Geberovich
- Subjects
women ,names ,archaeology ,Bible ,Ancient Israel ,religion ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 ,Oriental languages and literatures ,PJ - Abstract
In order to add new insights to recent research on women’s religion in ancient Israel, we investigated women’s names that appear in two categories of evidence: names on excavated Iron Age II epigraphic artifacts and names mentioned in First Temple narratives in the Bible. The two groups of names were quantitatively analyzed according to their theophoric content, chronology, and political affiliation. We found only five women’s names on the epigraphic artifacts, all on seals or seal impressions from Jerusalem, reflecting the limited participation of women in the official public sphere. The 40 names of women mentioned in the Bible reveal that while most women’s names do not have a specific form to distinguish them from men’s names, as a group they are different: non-theophoric or non-hypocoristic-theophoric names dominate women’s names, while theophoric, mainly Yahwistic names dominate men’s names. In addition, the prevalence of non-theophoric or non-hypocoristic-theophoric women’s names increases throughout the First Temple period, while among men, the frequency of such names decreases, and the frequency of theophoric, Yahwistic names increases. These results may be interpreted as indicating that while men mostly participated in the cult of the Israelite national god, YHWH, women performed ritual activities related mainly to gods other than YHWH.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Nordisk Tidskrift för Socioonomastik
- Subjects
socio-onomastics ,names ,naming ,labelling ,sociolinguistics ,language ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Published
- 2024
32. Unveiling the Landscape of Onomastics from 1972 to 2022
- Author
-
Siyue Li, Chunyu Kit, and Le Cheng
- Subjects
onomastics ,bibliometrics ,names ,socio-onomastics ,information visualization ,scientific mapping ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Over the past five decades, onomastics has seen remarkable growth with fruitful publications and interdisciplinary collaborations. Despite the abundance of literature, a panoramic view of contribution networks and the evolutionary trajectory of this field has been lacking. To address this issue, this study presents a statistical assessment complemented by visualization clustering, rendering data from 768 journal articles and 28,357 references, to unfold impactful journals, influential scholars, foundational knowledge, and evolving frontiers. The outcomes of this research showcase the distribution of subtopics within each name category, depicting noteworthy contributors, focal trends, and cutting-edge subjects in the area. New themes that illuminate orientations include online naming, multi-identity construction, language processing, corpus-assisted approaches, and neural-cognitive experiments. Further data-driven exploration of name-related themes is foreseen to yield valuable insights. Through this comprehensive assessment, this study elucidates the role of names as manifestations of human identity, social emotions, aesthetic ingenuity, and strategic communicative paradigms. The findings are poised to facilitate the discernment of human quality, societal stratification, interpretative nuances, and relationships underlying social issues. Additionally, this research exemplifies the efficacy of bibliometric analysis and proposes strategies to mitigate potential constraints, disclosing how quantitative data from onomastics can be applied in the digital era and beyond.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. How to name invisible principles? The challenge of naming what the eyes cannot see
- Author
-
Miriam Campolina Diniz Peixoto
- Subjects
Democritus ,Indivisible ,Names ,Language ,Presocratics ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
What were the guidelines that the ancient atomists followed when coining new terms to name their principles? To what extent the difficulty of apprehension and understanding of the nature of their principles would justify the use of more than one term for naming the same thing? Some modern scholars tend to reduce the “indivisible” to a mere formal principle, while other scholars insist in considering the “indivisible” as a material principle. Can anyone find in the ancient texts sufficient elements to evaluate these claims without losing sight of the particular horizon of inquiry and conceptual universe of Presocratic philosophy? I intend to map the problem of the names assigned to the principles in the atomists' thought in order to formulate a few hypotheses concerning some issues that seem to underlie the transmission and the reception of their thought in antiquity.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Names in adoption law and policy: representations of family, rights and identities
- Author
-
Pilcher, Jane and Coffey, Amanda
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Review and update of the nomenclature of the arthropods discussed by Charles French in his work a 'handbook of the destructive insects of Victoria'
- Author
-
Malipatil, Mallik B, Semeraro, Linda, and New, Tim R
- Published
- 2021
36. The semantics of deadnames.
- Author
-
Koles, Taylor
- Subjects
- *
SEMANTICS , *IDENTIFICATION , *PERSONAL names , *DISCRIMINATORY language , *TRANSGENDER people - Abstract
Longstanding philosophical debate over the semantics of proper names has yet to examine the distinctive behavior of deadnames, names that have been rejected by their former bearers. The use of these names to deadname individuals is derogatory, but deadnaming derogates differently than other kinds of derogatory speech. This paper examines different accounts of this behavior, illustrates what going views of names will have to say to account for it, and articulates a novel version of predicativism that can give a semantic explanation for this derogation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. NOMI DI SOCIETÀ.
- Author
-
Zocchi, Angela Maria
- Abstract
The article deals with some processes of naming society, against the background of the emotions that the different names evoke. Society is an abstraction - sociology equally - but the use of names allows us to evoke specific images, which outline the contours of an essentially dynamic reality, which exactly is society, giving substance to the object to be analysed. The idea of this work is that, by historicizing the nomenclature of society it is possible not only to focus on its transformations, but also to imagine what society could be, in the perspective of a close interrelation between past, present, and future. A specific idea of sociology follows from this perspective: sociology as science of the present, with the aspiration towards a better future; a "possible society", that may be imagined and realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. MOTHER VS. FATHER: THE RIGHT TO THE NAMING OF CHILDREN IN THE UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIA.
- Author
-
ANTHONY, DEBORAH
- Subjects
PERSONAL names ,NAMES ,FAMILIES ,KINSHIP - Abstract
In England, surname use was at one time quite variable and individualized. This was particularly true for women, who historically held individualized surnames reflecting their specific traits, occupations, statuses, or family relations. Women sometimes retained their birth names at marriage and passed those names on to their husbands and children. But these diverse surname practices eventually disappeared from practice and from collective social memory in England. The new restrictive inherited practice then became highly entrenched in both Australia and the United States, with the latter seeing not only social but legal forces arising to enforce it. Legal battles eventually arose concerning the scope of women’s right to surname autonomy, particularly in the United States. These conflicts extended to the naming of children in the latter half of the twentieth century. Women in both Australia and the United States now have a recognized right to retain their birth names after marriage. However, when it comes to the naming of children in the event of disagreement between the parents, analysis of statutes and court cases involving child surname disputes reveals that women’s rights are still legally secondary to those of men in the United States, often in effect and sometimes even directly by law. The same is much less true of Australia, where women regularly prevail in such cases. While each nation ostensibly applied the same English common law in the application of surname requirements, both judicial interpretation of the legal requirements and empirical results of those interpretations are strikingly at odds with each other. This reveals the volatility and subjectivity of what is ostensibly a consistent and reasonably objective common law system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
39. Nonattributive and Nonreferential Uses of Definite Descriptions.
- Author
-
Matuszkiewicz, Maria
- Subjects
DESCRIPTION (Philosophy) ,SEMANTICS ,UNIQUENESS (Philosophy) ,NAMES ,ORATORS - Abstract
This paper revisits Donnellan's distinction between referential and attributive uses of definite descriptions and argues that it is not exhaustive. Donnellan characterizes the distinction in terms of two criteria: the speaker's intentions and the type of content the speaker aims to express. I argue that contrary to the common view, these two criteria are independent and that the distinctive features may be coinstantiated in more than two ways. This leaves room for nonattributive and nonreferential uses of definite descriptions. Kripke's notions of general and specific intentions provide a framework that accommodates such cases. Additionally, it proves useful for the analysis of the use of proper names with specific nonsingular intentions. The paper also discusses how the interpretation of the use of definite descriptions as attributive or referential (or neither) is sensitive to which theory of singular thoughts one adopts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The Puzzle of Dion and Theon Solved.
- Author
-
Baber, H. E.
- Subjects
IDENTITY (Philosophical concept) ,PUZZLES ,PERDURANTISM & endurantism (Philosophy) ,DOCTRINAL theology - Abstract
Dion is a human person, Lefty is his left foot, and Theon is Lefty-Complement, a proper part of Dion. Lefty is annihilated and Dion survives left-footless. After Lefty's annihilation Theon, if he survives, occupies the same region as Dion. I suggest that this scenario be understood as a fusion case in which Dion and Theon, initially overlapping but distinct, are identical after Lefty's annihilation and propose an account of proper names that allows us to say that Dion and Theon have 'become identical' without commitment to occasional identity or other controversial metaphysical doctrines. The proposed solution employs the semantics developed by Wolfgang Schwarz to address the 'paradox of occasional identity', posed by puzzle cases of fission, to deal with the problem of Dion and Theon, a body-minus puzzle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Who Is Worthy of a Name? Identity, Naming, and Social Difference in News Images' Captions.
- Author
-
Scott, Alex and Peña, Vincent
- Subjects
- *
PHOTOGRAPH captions , *PHOTOJOURNALISM , *JOURNALISM , *NAMES - Abstract
This study examined news images and captions published by The Associated Press (N = 7,455) between 2018 and 2022 to ascertain whether names were more frequently included for certain groups of people. The analysis found that people depicted in the Global North are named far more frequently than in the Global South, and that sports, entertainment, and political images include names more often than news and feature images. These pervasive patterns suggest naming has a discursive function that constructs an Other by excluding familial and cultural connotations inherent in names, forming a hierarchy through opposition, and extending social prominence for certain groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Recent amendment in the classification and nomenclature of genus Lactobacillus: A taxonomic note on dairy microbes.
- Author
-
Devi, Nishu, H. N., Basavaprabhu, Majumder, Reshab, S. V., Salini, and Behare, Pradip V.
- Subjects
LACTOBACILLUS ,PHYLOGENY ,NAMES ,GENOTYPES ,HETEROGENEITY - Abstract
This article summarizes a recent globally accepted taxonomic reclassification and nomenclature of the genus Lactobacillus. A group of international scientists led by Dr. Jinshui Zheng noticed a greater phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity among the species previously classified under the genus Lactobacillus. Hence, researchers reevaluated the phylogeny of 261 species of Lactobacillus. Based on phenotypic and genotypic approaches, the genus Lactobacillus was carved into 25 genera, which comprised Lactobacillus, Paralactobacillus and the 23 novel genera. The nomenclature of 23 novel genera was proposed as mentioned here; Schleiferilactobacillus, Amylolactobacillus, Companilactobacillus, Bombilactobacillus, Lapidilactobaci l lus, Holzapfe l i a, Agrilactobacillus, Lacticaseibacillus, Loigolactobacilus, Dellaglioa, Latilactobacillus, Liquorilactobacillus, Ligilactobacillus, Furfurilactobacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Paucilactobacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Limosilactobacillus, Fructilactobacillus, Apilactobacillus, Acetilactobacillus, Secundilactobacillus, Lentilactobacillus and Levilactobacillus. In addition, all genera which were previously included in the family Leuconostocaceae were merged under Lactobacillaceae. In this regard, we briefed the scientific rationale and the methods employed for re-classification of the genus Lactobacillus, while also presenting the former and present nomenclature of a few species of dairy and food relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
43. Diminutive names in Peninsular Arabic.
- Author
-
Shockley, Mark D.
- Subjects
- *
GEOGRAPHIC names , *PERSONAL names , *DIALECTS , *SEMANTICS , *QUANTITATIVE research - Abstract
In the Arabian Peninsula, lexically diminutive personal names, family names and place names are ubiquitous. In a dataset of 9,060 Arabian names, 1,717 (19 per cent) are diminutive. This article finds that the diminutive pattern CiCēC (cf. Classical CuCayC) has meanings and functions in Arabic names that are distinct from its meanings and functions in common nouns. In addition to expected meanings related to size, the diminutive carries partitive and attributive meanings. It may simply mark a name (as an onymic) or derive a name (as a transonymic). The diminutive may disambiguate two similar names found in close proximity (e.g. Diba ≠ Dubai). The form and function of the diminutive differ categorically according to what kind of name is diminutivized, supporting the semantic-pragmatic theory of names. A quantitative analysis of toponyms indicates that diminutive names are associated with Bedouin dialects and practices, as suggested by previous research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. O Evangelho Segundo Jesus Cristo, by Saramago: an anthroponomical reading
- Author
-
Kleber Eckert and Maiquel Röhrig
- Subjects
Fictional Anthroponomastics ,O Evangelho Segundo Jesus Cristo ,names ,Auxiliary sciences of history ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
The subject of this paper is a symbolic and etymological analysis of the characters’ names from O Evangelho Segundo Jesus Cristo by José Saramago. This study aims to verify how the names are related to their functions in the literary work and to their physical or behavioral features. Additionally, it aims to determine whether the choice of their names was intentional and corresponds to their etymological origin or if it was merely fortuitous. The study is justified due to the book's and its author's relevance to the Portuguese language, besides, it is noted that, as far as has been determined, no publication has approached this matter. The theoretical foundation is based on Onomastics studies and, more specifically, on Fictional Anthroponomastics, which focuses on the study of proper names of fictional characters. Regarding the methodological procedures, the following procedure was considered: careful reading of the work and recording all occurrences related to proper names; consulting dictionaries of first and last names; verification of the correspondence between the meaning of the name as presented on the dictionaries and the functions and characteristics within the literary work. It is concluded that the choice of names in the case of the analyzed book was not fortuitous but rather etymological and symbolically motivated.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. 'Why can't I say people's names?' Alexinomia as a widespread psychological phenomenon
- Author
-
Alexis Bergert, Lisa Welleschik, and Thomas Ditye
- Subjects
Alexinomia ,Names ,Social anxiety ,Relationships ,Attachment ,Identity ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Psychological research has recently proposed alexinomia, characterised by an inhibited behaviour in saying names, as a distinct psychosocial phenomenon. Alexinomia is associated with anxiety and avoidance behaviours with regards to saying names and thus severely impacts every day social interactions and relationships. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of this newly established and poorly understood psychological phenomenon and to further determine its impact on everyday life. For this purpose, online advice and discussion forums were systematically searched for threads on and mentions of problems with saying names. We analysed a broad dataset from English-language comments discussing alexinomia-related experiences and behaviours, inclusive of varied demographics and geographical regions. The findings based on the qualitative analysis of 257 unique sources show that alexinomia is a widespread phenomenon. Moreover, the analysed online materials showed affected individual's use of a variety of effective and ineffective coping strategies and experience varying degrees of severity, which can potentially diminish with training. The study's results therefore highlight alexinomia as a relevant, yet highly under researched, field of study, and add to our knowledge on the experience of alexinomia in everyday life and its potential origins, especially relating to social anxiety and early-life familial dynamic.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Say My Name: Understanding the Power of Names, Correct Pronunciation, and Personal Narratives
- Author
-
Dali, Salma, Atasuntseva, Anaid, Shankar, Megha, Ayeroff, Eve, Holmes, Malorie, Johnson, Christina, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Beadle, Beth, Chang, Joon, Boyd, Kathleen, and Dunn, Tamara
- Subjects
Health Services and Systems ,Health Sciences ,Education ,Humans ,Students ,Medical ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Anti-racism ,Case-Based Learning ,Diversity ,Equity ,Inclusion ,Microaggression ,Names ,Pronunciation - Abstract
IntroductionNames are a reflection of identity and often have personal meaning. The chronic mispronunciation of names can undermine one's identity and be experienced as a microaggression. This workshop aims to provide historical context for names as well as resources for correct name pronunciation.MethodsWe developed a 60-minute interactive virtual workshop with didactics, small-group sharing of personal experiences, and case discussions. We used an anonymous postworkshop survey to evaluate workshop effectiveness.ResultsWe presented the workshop at one local academic conference and two local educational conferences to learners of all levels from medical students to faculty. We collected postworkshop survey results from 78 participants of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. Participants reported learning historical context, ways to ask about correct name pronunciation, correcting name mispronunciation, documenting pronunciation, and sources for applications to practice. The main barriers to implementing workshop lessons included personal and structural factors.DiscussionThis workshop effectively fills an educational gap by addressing the importance of correct name pronunciation in order to provide a more inclusive environment for clinicians and patients alike.
- Published
- 2022
47. A nomenclatural history for Dendrobium × delicatum (Orchidaceae).
- Author
-
Renner, Matthew A. M.
- Subjects
- *
NAMES , *ORCHIDS , *HORTICULTURE , *CULTIVATED plants , *EPITHETS - Abstract
The nomenclatural history of the naturally occurring hybrid orchid Dendrobium × delicatum (F.M.Bailey) F.M.Bailey is reviewed. The earliest published name for this hybrid was D. speciosum var. delicatum F.M.Bailey in 1883. In 1896, an artificially raised plant of D. speciosum × D. kingianum was granted an Award of Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society. Reports of this award in Horticultural periodicals that year were associated with publication of several names for the hybrid plants that only partially fulfilled the requirements of the International Code of Nomenclature for plants, algae, and fungi (ICN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). None, however, achieved valid publication or establishment under the respective codes, leaving Dendrobium × delicatum (F.M.Bailey) F.M.Bailey as the earliest available name at species rank for the naturally occurring hybrid, contrary to recently published arguments that D. speciokingianum is the 'correct' name for both nothospecies and grex. The provisions of both ICN and ICNCP are discussed with reference to published names. The earliest name established for the grex is either D. Kingiano-speciosum or D. × spyersii. There seems nothing to be gained in having two names in Latin form for the same hybrid, when differences in origin can be reflected by typographical modification of the nothospecies epithet, as is current established practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The nomencurriculum and the tight curricular space of name(s).
- Author
-
Chong, Kyle L.
- Subjects
- *
PERSONAL names , *BIRTHMOTHERS , *SUPERIOR courts , *POWER (Social sciences) , *DISTRICT courts , *INTERRACIAL adoption - Abstract
To read this article, it is important to know that I am a transnational (but not transracial) adoptee and that my Taiwanese birth mother hoped my adoption would give me a "better" life in the United States. I present three interconnected arguments that introduce the concept of a nomencurriculum. The first argument is that my and others' names are infused with multiple ideologies and aspirations. Second, I contend that names are part of a lived curriculum. Lastly, I assert that names are an analytical lens that allows me to examine lived curricula that emerges from names and namings. I do so by studying my own three namings using AsianCrit and decolonial analyses as well as how each (my English given name, Cantonese given name, and Mandarin given/chosen name) represents attempts at assimilation, erasure, and reclamation, respectively. I use critical race archival analyses and rememory of documents from my own adoption case files from Taipei District Court, the Superior Court of California, and a family study of my parents—the only extant records of my namings. Through my examination of my lived and school curricula, I highlight the global contexts and power dynamics that impact students' self-knowledge and their resistance against official discourses. This article, then, elucidates the analytic possibility of a nomencurriculum, which contributes to the field of curriculum studies by considering the power of names and namings. The nomencurriculum provides a way for individuals to engage with their lived curricula within formalized educational spaces that tighten their senses of self and often reinforce state-sanctioned narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Preschoolers and adults metonymically extend proper names to owned objects.
- Author
-
Zhu, Rebecca and Gopnik, Alison
- Subjects
- *
NAMES , *PROPERTY , *METONYMS , *PRESCHOOL children , *SEMANTICS , *ENGLISH language , *ADULTS - Abstract
Three preregistered experiments, conducted in 2021, investigated whether English‐speaking American preschoolers (N = 120; 4–6 years; 54 females, predominantly White) and adults (N = 80; 18–52 years; 59 females, predominantly Asian) metonymically extend owners' names to owned objects—an extension not typically found in English. In Experiment 1, 5‐ and 6‐year‐olds and adults extended names to owned objects over duplicates (d = 0.34 in children; d = 1.13 in adults). In Experiment 2, 5‐ and 6‐year‐olds and adults extended names to owned over borrowed objects (d = 1.37 in children; d = 4.34 in adults). Experiment 3 replicated this finding with 4‐year‐olds (d = 0.43). Thus, English‐speaking preschoolers can acquire semantic generalizations, even those not present in their language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Stage Names: Towards a Stage-Theoretical Semantics for Persons' Names.
- Author
-
BABER, H. E.
- Subjects
PERSONAL names ,SEMANTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Prolegomena: Journal of Philosophy is the property of Society for the Advancement of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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