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The partnership between the government and private sectors is an important issue, as it is one of the topics that has received and continues to receive the attention of researchers, international and global organizations, and national development plans in the country to benefit from it as an experiment within the process of building the national economy and improving the reality of the agricultural sector in the country and its compatibility with the sustainable development goals that the government seeks in At the present time, it is also considered one of the ways through which risks can be shared between the public and private sectors, and work efficiency can be increased and the exchange of experiences and knowledge and other benefits, opportunities and common interests that can be achieved through partnership between the two sectors. This partnership is an important source and one of the components of the system. Disseminating agricultural technologies, as the practice of partnership means the efficient and effective use of available resources. In addition, it is a major challenge in coordination and cooperation between the governmental and non-governmental sectors in order to unify the extension services provided and avoid duplication and waste of agricultural resources and supplies. It is also considered a successful and effective approach to development. Sustainable agricultural and rural areas, and in reforming agricultural extension systems and improving the quality of extension service. Therefore, this article aims to identify the concept of the government sector, the private sector, and the partnership between the two sectors, its importance, the reasons for it, its advantages, goals, principles, and problems of partnership, as well as identifying the most important factors affecting and related to the effectiveness of the partnership between The public and private sectors in the field of meeting the needs of farmers in agricultural technologies

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) complications in elderly patients affect quality of life, physical and mental health, disability, and death. Prevention behaviors help reduce the risk of IHD complications among elderly patients. The present study was an analytical cross-sectional study, aimed to determine prevention behaviors of complications among older adults with IHD, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. Objective: To predict factors affecting prevention behaviors of complications among older adults with IHD. Materials and Methods: The present study sample included 300 elderly patients with IHD treated in Khon Kaen Hospital, Thailand. They were randomly selected by a simple sampling technique. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire consisting of eight parts, 1) sociodemographic characteristics, 2) knowledge about prevention behaviors of IHD complications, 3) perceived severity, 4) perceived susceptibility, 5) perceived outcome, 6) perceived self-efficacy, 7) social support, and 8) prevention behaviors of IHD complications. Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, and multiple regression analysis were employed for data analyses. Results: The majority of participants (85.3%) had high scores for prevention behaviors of IHD complications in elderly patients, with scores of 3.68 to 5.00. Factors that significantly affected prevention behaviors of IHD complications in elderly patients included information support (Beta=0.313), perceived severity of IHD complications (Beta=0.149), and knowledge (Beta=0.124). These three factors explained 17.5% of prevention behaviors of complications among older adults with IHD. Conclusion: Health care providers and care givers should educate the elderly patients with IHD about the affecting factors to IHD including supported information, perceived severity, and knowledge. Therefore, the elders can change their behavior and reduce the risk of IHD complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the study is to determine how land users affect the land certification process when compared with other factors. We investigated government officials who carry out land certification procedures through a two-step survey to identify hypothetical factors that influence land certification. A multivariable regression model of hypothetical factors affecting land certification was tested by evaluation criteria. There are 26 factors belonging to 7 groups affecting land use right certificate issuance. Their impact rates ranged from 3.43% to 25.95%. Land users impact the issuance of land certificates with an impact rate of 20.82%. This puts them in the second most influential group after the group of policy and legal factors. For the land certificate to be granted smoothly and on schedule, it is necessary to pay attention to solving issues related to land users, legal policies, and other factors that have a smaller impact rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health Academics / Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Health Academics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Choosing a promising specialty for medical students is not an easy decision, particularly in a field like neurosurgery known for its high levels of stress. However, in recent years, there has been a decrease in interest, especially among female students, in choosing surgical specialties. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify influential factors in the selection of neurosurgery as a specialty from the perspective of medical students. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 at the Shahr-e Kord University of Medical Sciences. we estimated a sample size of 425 individuals from the study population. We collected the data using a questionnaire, which was administered through an online questionnaire system. Results: Male and female perceptions of neurosurgery was similar across many of the surveyed factors, except for: “Male dominated”,“ Tolerant of criticism”, “Duration of residency” and “Must be an athlete”. The factor analysis reduced the 28-variable dimensionality to six latent factors that accounted for 60.72% of the variance found. The factor analysis recognized that, although male and female medical students do have some similar Survey Variable, the influence or weighing of those preferences is different for male and female students. The first latent factor for females consisted of: “Diverse patient population,” and “Procedural based.” The first latent factor for males consisted of: “Male dominated,” and “Prestige.” Conclusion: The factor analysis indicated that male and female students weight differently when selecting a specialty; this difference may account for the large differences in proportion between males and females in Neurosurgery residency.

Based on the survey data of 1707 high-quality farmers in Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces in China, this article uses the DEA-tobit model and propensity score matching method to explore the impact of water-saving technology adoption on agricultural production efficiency from a micro perspective. The research results show that the adoption of water-saving technology by high-quality farmers can significantly improve agricultural production efficiency. By comparing the results with the baseline regression using propensity score matching method, the study findings are found to be robust. The mechanism and results of the study indicate that agricultural subsidy policies play a regulatory role between water-saving technology adoption and the agricultural production efficiency of high-quality farmers. Further analysis reveals that the impact of water-saving technology on the production efficiency of different types of high-quality farmers varies. Specifically, water-saving technology has a greater impact on the production efficiency of farmer cooperatives and agricultural enterprises compared to large-scale farming households and family farms. Therefore, policy recommendations are proposed to improve the water-saving agricultural technology system, among other aspects.

This study focused on the productivity of chickens in terms of stocking and growth performance of chickens kept by small-scale chicken holders and the associated factors in the Dodoma municipality in three wards, namely, Nkuhungu, Chang'ombe and Mnadani. A cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was conducted to collect data on the perceptions of farmers raising chickens in terms of productivity. Similarly, a longitudinal survey was made by monitoring the chicks ages, ranging from 0 to 60 days (2 months). This study was used to collect data on the management performance of chicks from five selected farmers. A total of 390 individuals were interviewed, of whom 26.15% (n = 102) were from Nkuhungu, 41.28% (n = 161) from Chang'ombe, and 32.56% (n = 127) from Mnadani wards. Adult males (26 - 35 years old) (66.67%) were more likely to be involved in chicken keeping in Mnadani ward. Household size and chicken breed significantly contributed to the productivity of chickens in Dodoma, where layers production were leading. The growth performance of chicks over time was affected by the management system (e.g., free range and semi-intensive), age and sex of chickens, cleanliness, treatment regime, and flock size. In order to improve the productivity of chickens in Dodoma through the stocking rate and growth performance of chicks, we recommend that, the socio-demographic characteristics of the farmers raising chickens and other factors such as management strategies and systems be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the study was to identify variables and factors affecting Digital Citizenship (DC) in education sector. The study used Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for achieving the objectives of the study. Moreover, a search strategy was formulated including keywords, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. The researchers initially, retrieved 2192 studies from selected databases (Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus) and manual search. Thirty relevant studies were selected that fulfilled objectives of the study and inclusion criteria. Extracted data was later analyzed qualitatively by using thematic analysis and four factors that affect DC were identified during the process. The most identifiable factors include personal, psychological, technological and information related, and social factors. The study also revealed the most prominent variables (categories) related to these factors. The researchers have learned through literature review that no comprehensive study has been conducted in identifying the factors affecting digital citizenship. The current study recommended the importance of using factors and variables that affect DC in the education sector so that it can help decision makers take into account personal, psychological, technological and social factors while developing information literacy instruction programs for digital citizenship, especially in education sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors affecting the improvement of speaking skills among Jordanian students of English as a foreign language. This objective was reached by concentrating on educational tools, instructional strategies, and the mistakes made by students that have an impact on their skill to speak English from the perspective of students at Irbid National University and Jadara University. 316 students took part in this research project as part of the sample. In this study, a quantitative research design was used, and the participants were each given a customized version of the questionnaire that was used to collect data for the study. According to the findings, educational tools are used extensively in university settings. In addition, the findings demonstrated that the instructional strategies and the mistakes made by the students had a moderate impact on the students' skills to speak English. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The aging of China's population has led to an increase in the incidence rate of osteoporosis, which indirectly increases the risk of OVCF in osteoporosis patients. Low back pain is the main symptom of OVCF, and severe patients can further develop kyphosis. Although the conservative treatment of OVCF can effectively control the patient's condition, long-term bed rest will increase the risk of OVCF complications. Minimally invasive surgery is a common solution for OVCF. Methods 100 OVCF patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 are selected for analysis and randomly divided into PVP group and PKP group, 50 cases in each group. The PVP group and the PKP group undergo PVP and PKP operations respectively. The differences in efficacy indicators and adverse reactions are compared, and the multivariate Logistic regression method is used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative secondary fractures in patients with vertebral compression fractures. Results Compared with the PVP group, the total effective rate of PKP group is significantly increased, and the VAS, ODI score, kyphotic Cobb Angle, lateral distribution rate of bone cement and bone cement leakage rate are significantly decreased (P

Today, everyone places a high importance on their education. Learning is how education is implemented, and learning allows people to reach their full potential. Since learning is a process and learning achievement is the end consequence of the learning process, learning and learning achievement are inextricably linked. Learning achievement levels are assessed using GPA (Grade Point Average). Allowance, gender, major, status of residence, school location, study time, admission type, duration of gadget use, and personality type are all factors that affect GPA. In order to identify the components that influence academic accomplishment, a model must be developed since it can be understood, explained, controlled, and forecasted. This study's goal is to identify the binary logistic regression model, which describes the variables influencing the faculty of mathematics and natural sciences at Universitas Negeri Padang's GPA. The aim of this study is to identify the logistic regression model that represents the variables that affect the GPA of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at Universitas Negeri Padang. Secondary and primary data were employed in this study, and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The 2020 students made up the study's sample, which included 293 respondents. According to the study's findings, factors such as gender, major, admission type, and duration of gadgets use may have an impact on students' GPAs at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at Universitas Negeri Padang. The percentage of correct predictions between the logistic regression model and training data is 70%.

The study aimed to determine factors affecting economic profits of beef cattle business in Sakon Nakhon Province. A sample of 400 members of Kor Ror Por Klang Phon Yang Kham Livestock Coop-erative Limited was determined by using Taro Yamane method, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the variables with the statistical significance of 0.01 included concentrate feeds, roughage, and the raised period of less than or equal to 12 months. They were statistically significant at 0.001 0.000, and 0.000 respectively, and the odd ratios were 1.387, 0.921, and 5.697 respectively. Additionally, the variables with the statistical significance of 0.05 includ-ed Charolais cattle (62.50%) and farm location. The two variables were statistically significant at 0.023 and 0.039 respectively with the odd ratios of 5.083 and 0.595 respectively. If the cows are fed on 1 more kg/day of more concentrated feed, it is likely for the farmers to increase economic profit by 0.921 times and 1.387 times respectively. The probability of economic profit is by 5.697 times if the cattle are raised no more than 12 months. The cross-bred cattle with 62.50% Charolais breed showed the proba-bility for the farmers to gain economic profit by 5.083 times. Finally, those who had farms located next to the farm family’s home were more likely to gain less economic profit by 0.595 times.

This paper undertakes a broad and comprehensive synthesis of relevant clinical, biological, biomechanical, technical and healthcare services data to understand the factors affecting outcomes of periapical healing after root canal (re)treatment. The medical and dental evidence‐based era (1980–present) is contextualized with the earlier evidence drive in endodontics (1911–1940) triggered by the focal infection era. The current evidence‐based approach has a sharper focus on evidence quality and derivation of practice guidelines. Contrary views question whether guideline‐driven, or expertise‐development‐driven endeavours would best serve outcome improvement in society. The endodontic discipline functions in a broad healthcare framework and sustains industrial, economic and trend pressures that may be deemed to influence outcomes. The nature of root canal treatment and the challenges in determining the factors that affect its outcomes is discussed. The factors potentially affecting periapical healing after root canal treatment are classified into pre‐operative, intra‐operative and postoperative groups. These categories subsume multiple elements with interactive influences, creating a complex picture, further confounded by some apparently surprising, counter‐intuitive and contradictory findings. The technical versus biological conundrum in root canal treatment continues to cause cognitive dissonance. However, due reflection and cross‐discipline‐synthesis resolve the apparent data conflicts into a very simple, consistent and plausible picture of how root canal treatment works and the key factors that affect periapical healing. Root canal retreatment is considered mainly in the context of its differences from primary treatment as the majority of factors influencing outcomes are common to both. The exceptional difference is that retreatments have a proportionately reduced probability of healing by virtue of compromised apical root canal ramification access or modified host/infection interactions. Root canal (re)treatment outcomes are dominantly influenced by the nature of prior dynamic host/infection interaction (pre‐operative patient factors) and how the direction of this dynamic is influenced by two factors: (1) the active efficacy of the operators' root canal treatment protocol to sustain a microbial ecological shift (intra‐operative treatment factors) and dampen periapical inflammation; and (2) the passive ability of the functional tooth (and its restoration margin) to maintain its integrity to resist infection reversal (postoperative restorative factors). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sea material is becoming increasingly popular and widely used as an adsorbent in wastewater treatment. Snail shell, a low-cost and natural animal waste material, has been shown to have a high calcium content (>99%) and a large potential surface area for the development of sustainable adsorbents. This paper presents a novel synthesis of methods for using snail shell absorbent materials in the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals, textile dyes, and other organic substances. Modified biochar made from snail shells has gained popularity in recent years due to its numerous benefits. This paper discusses and analyzes modification methods, including impregnating with supplements, combining other adsorbents, synthesis of hydroxyapatite, co-precipitation, and the sol–gel method. The analysis of factors influencing adsorption efficiency revealed that pH, contact time, temperature, initial concentration, and adsorbent dose all have a significant impact on the adsorption process. Future research directions are also discussed in this paper as a result of presenting challenges for current snail adsorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aging of China's population has led to an increase in the incidence rate of osteoporosis, which indirectly increases the risk of OVCF in osteoporosis patients. Low back pain is the main symptom of OVCF, and severe patients can further develop kyphosis. Although the conservative treatment of OVCF can effectively control the patient's condition, long-term bed rest will increase the risk of OVCF complications. Minimally invasive surgery is a common solution for OVCF. Methods: 100 OVCF patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 are selected for analysis and randomly divided into PVP group and PKP group, 50 cases in each group. The PVP group and the PKP group undergo PVP and PKP operations respectively. The differences in efficacy indicators and adverse reactions are compared, and the multivariate Logistic regression method is used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative secondary fractures in patients with vertebral compression fractures. Results: Compared with the PVP group, the total effective rate of PKP group is significantly increased, and the VAS, ODI score, kyphotic Cobb Angle, lateral distribution rate of bone cement and bone cement leakage rate are significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Age ≥ 80 years old, female, glucocorticoid use, lateral distribution of bone cement and bone cement leakage are significantly higher in the proportion of secondary fractures and are independent risk factors for postoperative secondary fractures in patients with OVCF. Conclusion: PKP surgery has a higher efficacy in the treatment of OVCF patients, which can reduce the incidence of pain, adverse reactions and promote the recovery of kyphotic Cobb Angle. PKP surgery has a higher value in the treatment of OVCF. In addition, the influencing factors of secondary fracture after minimally invasive surgery in OVCF patients include age, gender, glucocorticoid use, bone cement distribution pattern, bone cement leakage, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Synesis is the property of Synesis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to effectively improve the thermal environment of high temperature and high humidity corridor with mobile heat and humidity source, provide a comfortable working environment for workers. Based on an iron slag transfer corridor in Handan City, a physical model of coupled heat transfer between corridor air and belt surface is established to qualitatively analyze the improvement effect of corridor thermal environment under different air supply temperature, air supply speed, iron slag temperature and belt running speed, quantitative explore its influence degree on corridor thermal environment, and fitting all the factors associated with corridor temperature related experience. The results show that the thermal environment of corridor is affected by the temperature of air supply, the speed of air supply, the temperature of iron slag and the speed of belt. The lower the air supply temperature is, the higher the air speed is, the lower the iron slag temperature is, and the smaller the belt running speed is, the more effective it is to improve the thermal environment of the corridor. The optimal combination of air supply temperature 22 ℃, air speed 2 m/s, iron slag temperature 65 ℃ and belt speed 3.0 m/s is the corridor thermal environment improvement. The research results of this paper will provide guidance for the selection of appropriate ventilation mode, equipment regulation and system optimization in similar corridors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on analyzing the factors affecting students' digital skills and adaptability in the context of digital transformation. The study identified influencing factors: Environment, Behavior, Individuals, Teachers, Time of use, and access. However, the results of an online survey of 1.282 students of the Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education (HCMUTE) with Cronbach's Alpha test method, EFA analysis, correlations, and regression analysis, showed that there are 3/5 factors identified in the hypothesis that affect digital skills and adaptability of HCMUTE students in the context of digital transformation, specifically: behavior (Beta = 0.177, Sig. = 0.000); individuals (Beta = 0.181, Sig. = 0.027); teacher (Beta = 0.547, Sig. = 0.000). Besides, the environment does not affect digital skills and adaptability (KNSKNTU) due to Beta = 0.017 and Sig.=0.384>0.05. Sig does not involve usage and access time factors. >0.05 in the table Correlations not be further analyzed in the regression model. The research results are expected to help provide a more objective view of the reality of digital adoption and student adaptability in the digital transformation context at HCMUTE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to determine factors affecting economic profits of beef cattle business in Sakon Nakhon Province. A sample of 400 members of Kor Ror Por Klang Phon Yang Kham Livestock Cooperative Limited was determined by using Taro Yamane method, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the variables with the statistical significance of 0.01 included concentrate feeds, roughage, and the raised period of less than or equal to 12 months. They were statistically significant at 0.001 0.000, and 0.000 respectively, and the odd ratios were 1.387, 0.921, and 5.697 respectively. Additionally, the variables with the statistical significance of 0.05 included Charolais cattle (62.50%) and farm location. The two variables were statistically significant at 0.023 and 0.039 respectively with the odd ratios of 5.083 and 0.595 respectively. If the cows are fed on 1 more kg/day of more concentrated feed, it is likely for the farmers to increase economic profit by 0.921 times and 1.387 times respectively. The probability of economic profit is by 5.697 times if the cattle are raised no more than 12 months. The cross-bred cattle with 62.50% Charolais breed showed the probability for the farmers to gain economic profit by 5.083 times. Finally, those who had farms located next to the farm family’s home were more likely to gain less economic profit by 0.595 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Transformation has not been foreign to people in emerging economic growth, especially SME entrepreneurs in developing countries such as Malaysia. Digital transformation adoption is a way for an enterprise to improve the use of technology in a better way. But as the digital revolution has been evolving, there are still a few entrepreneurs who neglect it. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting the adoption which is (competitive pressure, technology advancement, cost minimization, and environmental influence) on digital transformation adoption among SMEs in Malaysia. The relationship also consists of a moderating effect which is environment shock (pandemic covid-19) between the independent variable and dependent variable. The study also provides some knowledge for a deeper understanding of digital transformation and a guide to all SME entrepreneurs and others.

Most countries face the challenge of reconstructing their education systems to ensure equitable quality education for all children in inclusive settings. This challenge is also relevant in Estonia, the context of this study. A long-term in-service training course for school teams (school leaders, support specialists, and teachers) was developed and implemented in Estonia. The main goal of the training course was to develop attitudes, skills, and knowledge of school staff about the concept and meaning of inclusive education (IE) and the effective implementation through inclusive school development strategies. The aim of the current study was to find out how the in-service training course for school teams influences system-wide changes in the implementation of IE at the school level and what factors affect it. Purposeful sampling (two schools) was used, and the qualitative thematic case study research method was chosen to find answers to the research questions. Data were collected from school policy documents, homework assignments of the training course, semi-structured interviews in the middle and at the end of the training course, open-ended questionnaires at the end of the training course, and researcher diary. The results showed that the in-service training course for school teams enhanced cultural and structural changes at the school level. These changes were influenced by factors such as leadership, collaboration, commitment, and contribution of different parties, system-wide approach, resources, and external expertise. The implications of these findings are discussed further in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Adoption of new technology in the agricultural sector is low. This is similar to the condition in many other sectors as well. Many studies have been conducted to find out reasons for this issue. While some studies have identified similar factors affecting the decision to adopt a technology, some studies revealed factors which were uniqe to their study. Therefore, identification and compilation of these factors will support future studies and researchers. Research Method: An analysis of literature on technology adoption was conducted. Literature originated from numerous sources spanning almost 50 years were taken for the study. The factors identified by different studies were then compiled for this review paper. Findings: The factors identified can be mainly categorized into three; (1) factors related to the user, such as farm size, income, prior experience, gender, education level, and age; (2) factors related to the technology, such as affordability, availability, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability; (3) institutional factors, such as access to extension services, inputs, markets and credit facilities. The review findings reveal that adoption is a collective and interactive effect of some or all factors. Thus, identification of priority factors and a holistic approach need to be considered to ensure greater adoption. Originality/Value: This compilation will support practitioners in technology dissemination for proper identification of factors affecting technology adoption, and future research on technology adoption and diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to examine factors affecting the technical efficiency (TE) of 1,121 pulp and paper enterprises in Vietnam with the support of STATA software. By applying the Data Envelope Analysis (DEA), this study conducted a TE assessment and applied the Tobit model to examine the factors that influence technical performance. Factors affecting TE are calculated with a set of explanatory variables, including size, capital per labour, the cost to revenue ratio, financial leverage, liquidity ratio. The data used for this study is the survey data for 6 years from 2012 to 2017 by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam (2018). Experimental results indicate that there is a significant difference in TE between enterprises of different sizes, ranking in order of decreasing efficiency from medium to large firms and after all, small and micro-businesses. The study results also show that there is a positive relationship between capital per labour, financial leverage and technical efficiency; and a significant negative relationship between cost to revenue ratio and technical efficiency. The liquidity ratio is the factor that does not affect technical efficiency. The research also provides evidence-based policy recommendations to improve the TE and competitiveness of pulp and paper enterprises in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leptospirosis is a major public health problem in Si Sa Ket, Thailand. Humans can become infected via direct contact with the urine of infected animal reservoir hosts or by indirect contact with contaminated soil and water in the environment. This study examined the factors affecting preventive behavior against leptospirosis among the population at risk in Si Sa Ket, Thailand. A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted by a representative population survey using a four-stage stratified random sampling to select 350 respondents aged 18–65 years from the fifth districts with the highest morbidity rate in 2010–2019. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression. The majority of the respondents were male (53.40%), aged 46–55 years (31.20%), and agricultural workers (76.00%). Their knowledge (M = 10.78, SD = 1.60), perceived severity (M = 2.91, SD = 0.60), perceived probability (M = 2.98, SD = 0.64), self-efficacy expectations (M = 3.18, SD = 0.63), responses-efficacy expectations (M = 3.16, SD = 0.71), social support (M = 3.19, SD = 0.52), and preventive behavior against leptospirosis (M = 3.29, SD = 0.49) were at moderate level. Significant factors affecting leptospirosis preventive behaviors were history of leptospirosis illness (β = 0.312), social support (β = 0.240), perceived probability (β = 0.238), household members with a history of leptospirosis illness (β = 0.158), perceived severity (β = 0.114), self-efficacy expectations (β = 0.094) and knowledge (β = 0.088) regarding leptospirosis. All of these factors could together predict the preventive behavior against leptospirosis up to 42.8% (Adjusted R2 = 0.428). Public health interventions should be strengthening people's perception and awareness regarding leptospirosis and the promotion of preventive health behavior to prevent potential outbreaks.

Most countries face the challenge of reconstructing their education systems to ensure equitable quality education for all children in inclusive settings. This challenge is also relevant in Estonia, the context of this study. A long-term in-service training course for school teams (school leaders, support specialists, and teachers) was developed and implemented in Estonia. The main goal of the training course was to develop attitudes, skills, and knowledge of school staff about the concept and meaning of inclusive education (IE) and the effective implementation through inclusive school development strategies. The aim of the current study was to find out how the in-service training course for school teams influences system-wide changes in the implementation of IE at the school level and what factors affect it. Purposeful sampling (two schools) was used, and the qualitative thematic case study research method was chosen to find answers to the research questions. Data were collected from school policy documents, homework assignments of the training course, semi-structured interviews in the middle and at the end of the training course, open-ended questionnaires at the end of the training course, and researcher diary. The results showed that the in-service training course for school teams enhanced cultural and structural changes at the school level. These changes were influenced by factors such as leadership, collaboration, commitment, and contribution of different parties, system-wide approach, resources, and external expertise. The implications of these findings are discussed further in the paper.

Ayele Abebe,1 Abinet Mekuria,2 Awraris Balchut2 1Department of Pediatrics Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Amhara, Ethiopia; 2Public Health Department, Debre Berhan University, Amhara,EthiopiaCorrespondence: Ayele AbebeDepartment of Pediatrics Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Amhara, EthiopiaTel +251925318370Email ayelemamo12@gmail.comBackground: COVID-19 is a disease caused by a SARS-COV2. The main way of transmission is from person to person through droplet nuclei. In this time, this disease has no treatment and vaccination. Hence, the WHO recommends countries to work intensively on prevention and control measures.Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness on clinical and epidemiological spectrum of COVID-19 and factors affecting it in the North Shoa zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2020.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was used to assess awareness of health professionals on COVID-19 and associated factors affecting it before and during index case. A total of 384 participants selected from 10 hospitals participated in this study. The data were entered and coded using EPI-INFO version 3.5.4 and then transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were computed. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were taken as predictor variables.Results: A total of 384 respondents with a response rate of 91% participated in this study. The proportion of participants with an awareness of COVID-19 was 305 (79.4%). The types of profession (AOR=6.9, 95% CI=1.6– 29.8) and level of a profession (AOR=2.3, 95% CI=1.4– 4.4) of the profession, availability of television at home (AOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.1, 3.9) and hearing of the emerging diseases in the past (AOR=2.7, 95% CI=1.5– 5) were factors that determine the awareness of health professionals on COVID-19 clinical and epidemiological spectrum.Conclusion and Recommendations: The level of the health professional’s awareness on the clinical and epidemiological spectrum of COVID-19 was promising. There is a need for a coordinated effort from stakeholders and health professionals to increase awareness.Keywords: health professionals, factors affecting, coronavirus

Scientific literature is evident that the germinated seeds possess a promising potential for essential nutrients, flavors, and textural attributes over nongerminated grain. In recent decades, sprouting has also been investigated as a potential green food engineering technique to boost the nutritive profile of grains. Sprouting grains have multifold applications in different fields such as baking, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. During sprouting, shifting of molecular structures to macroscopic takes place. Sprouting reactivates the grain metabolism which leads to the catabolism and degradation of antinutrient and macronutrient compounds. These modifications have an effect on human health and on the nutritional content of the foodstuffs. Sprouting grains have high bioactivity against diabetes and cancer. Germination is also an outstanding green food development technique to increase the seed nutritive profile in terms of quality. The present review focuses on the sprouting of grains, changes in nutritional profile, and the technological exploration of sprouted grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to know the factors that affect university college student’s acceptance and use of Mobile learning (ML), and to discover the relationships between these factors. The researcher used the relational descriptive approach through the questionnaire Instrument. The questionnaire consisted of (25) items distributed on (7) factors (Others Influence, ML Effort, ML Benefits, Usage Motives, Student capabilities, Usage Expectations and Usage rate). The study sample consisted of (2077) students from university colleges in Jordan, and they were chosen by the available sample method. Modelling the structural equation was used to extract the correct data using the statistical analysis program SPSS. The results of the study showed the validity of the study hypotheses and that the specific factors (ML Benefits, ML Effort, others Influence, Usage Motives, Student capabilities, Usage Expectations and Usage rate) affect the intention and use of the University's college students for Mobile learning. The use of Mobile learning in Jordanian university colleges is very low. Therefore, it is important to research the factors that can contribute to students' acquisition of information. This research contributes to determining the factors that affect university college student’s acceptance and use of Mobile learning in Jordan. According to the results of the study, the researcher recommends the university administration to take attention to the factors affecting students ’intention to use educational funds to achieve academic program outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Objectives : Equal access to health care services is one of the basic principles of health care delivery. There are many factors affecting the access to services. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between factors affecting the selection of health care service providers in Saveh and the load of visits. Material and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 442 patients in Saveh district in 2018. The required data were collected using a questionnaire. Cochran formula was used to calculate the statistical sample size and a total of 442 patients referring to health care service providers in Saveh were enrolled into the study using stratified sampling method. The collected data were entered into SPSS 19 software and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Logistic regression test, independent T test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Based on the results, at a confidence level of 95% (p Conclusion: Taking into consideration the relationship between the factors affecting the selection of health care service providers and the load of visits, the authorities in the field of health are recommended to pay special attention to the related factors when planning and making decisions.

Objective: the purpose of this study is to identify affecting factors on cloud computing adoption of the librarians of UTMS based on Rogers DOI.Methodology: This study carried out using descriptive survey method. all 55 librarians in UTMS were mentioned as participations. Data collection tool was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by professionals and scholars. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability. Multiple regression, Pearson correlation and Exploratory Factor Analysis were used for the data analysis.Findings: Exploratory factor analysis showed 7 important properties of cloud computing: Relative Advantage, Trialability, Complexity, Compatibility, and Observability. Also, two other factors were identified entitled “Opportunity of evaluation” and “Lack of need for cloud computing”. There was significant correlation between the rate of adoption and all factors except Observability. Further, the findings of correlation analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the above mentioned 6 properties of cloud computing and adoption rate. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that the properties of “Trialability”, “Compatibility”, “Lack of need for cloud computing”, “Complexity”, “Relative Advantage” and “opportunity of evaluate”, are significant predictors for the adoption of cloud computing, which in total explain 31 percent variance of the dependent variable. The finding of this study confirmed The Rogers’ DOI (2003) in the context of perceived properties of cloud computing, from the librarians of UTMS.Originality: According to the novelty of cloud computing and its benefits for libraries, this study can be open new horizons for libraries and librarians.

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. The vesicle is composed of a bilayer of non-ionic surfactants. Niosomes are mostly preferred than liposomes because they are stable and cost effective. Niosomes potentiate the pharmacological action of the drug molecules by delaying the clearance of the drug from the circulation, protecting the drug from biological environment and restricting the effects only to the target cells. In novel drug delivery it has applications on treatment of cancer, used as a carrier in haemoglobin, delivery of the peptide drugs through oral route, in treatment of leishmaniasis, in ophthalmic delivery and as carrier in dermal drug delivery. This review article focuses on the composition, advantages, types of niosomes, methods of preparation, characterization and application of the vesicular system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)and the influencing factors of in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: 460 patients with coronary heart disease who received PCI in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled as the study subjects. Secretions or blood samples were collected from infected patients after PCI, and the distribution characteristics of pathogens were analyzed. In addition, all patients were divided into 120 patients in the ISR group and 340 patients in the non-ISR group according to whether there was an ISR after PCI. Two groups of baseline data, biochemical index level were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of ISR. Results: In 29 patients with nosocomial infection, 38 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured, among which 13 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounted for 34.21%, 22 strains of gram-positive bacteria, accounted for 57.89%, and 3 strains of fungi, accounted for 7.89%. The proportion of male, diabetes and smoking history in ISR group were significantly higher than those in non-ISR group (all P<0.05). Fasting plasma glucose(FPG), total cholesterol(TC), uric acid(UA) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in ISR group were significantly higher than those in non-ISR group (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, smoking history, TC(higher), UA(higher) and hs-CRP (higher) were all risk factors for the occurrence of ISR. Conclusion: Gram-positive bacteria are the main pathogens causing infection after PCI in patients with coronary heart disease, and the risk of ISR after PCI increases with diabetes, smoking history and the increase of TC, UA and hs-CRP levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to identify the factors affecting the application of the agricultural practices of the crop of Vicia faba L. in Abu Gharaq District, Babylon Governorate. Prepared the scale of factors through literatures and bulletins extension in field of production of beans. A sample was randomly chosen using the Random method (the numbers are 72 farmers). The factors affecting the application of the agricultural practices of the crop of Vicia faba L. occurred in the medium level. Factors that affected on farmers levels were distributed as Strong effect level: consists of field (disease, insect, wooded, insecticide), Medium effect level: consists of field (brand, cultivation, irrigation, fertilization) and Weak effect level: consists of field (method cultivation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the factors affecting on the effectiveness of the professional performance of the public relations and customer service staff in the banks through the viewpoint of public relations and customer service employees in the banks under study (Rajhi, Riyadh, Arabi, Fransi, Enmaa, First Bank "Dutch Bank previously" in terms of: (identifying the administrative and regulatory factors affecting on the professional performance, Such as their relationship with their manager, the evaluation system, incentives and rewards, and other administrative and regulatory factors. And knowing the role of the personal factors (gender, academic specialization, experience years) on their professional performance. Thus; the study reaches to some proposals to develop their professional performance. The researcher used the descriptive methodology and relied on the available sample method from the public relations and customer service staff in the banks, (87) Persons, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting study data. The study consists of: The theoretical and methodological framework of the study, which deals with: " The concept of professional performance, the elements of professional performance, the factors affecting professional performance, the professional performance of public relations in banks, the obstacles to the professional performance of public relations in banks " , While the second: presentation and discussion of the results of the study, the most important proposals. The main findings of the study are as following: The study concluded that nature of relationship of the study sample with their work managers was good in a large percent reach (75.9%), it was also found that the academic specialization of the majority of the sample of their was not in the field of public relations (86.2%) compared to a simple percentage (13.8%) of specialists. The most important suggestions of the study sample to improve their professional performance were increasing motivation and material. The study also examined two basic hypotheses, the results were as following: the first hypothesis was not proven in terms of the effectiveness of the professional performance of public relations practitioners according to the variables (gender, academic specialization, experience years), while the second hypothesis was partially proven. There was a positive correlative relationship between the level of effectiveness of the professional performance of public relations practitioners and the variable of level of the bank's management estimation of their role, while it was not clear that there was a positive correlation between the level of effectiveness of the professional performance of public relations practitioners and the variable of number of training courses. A positive correlation relationship between the level of effectiveness of the professional performance of public relations practitioners and the variable of number of training courses. The researcher also presented several proposals, the most important of which were: The need to employ academic specialists in the field of public relations and media in the Department of Public Relations and customer service in the banks, the researcher recommended the management of the bank to increase the material and moral incentives for its employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted cross-sectionally to investigate factors effecting fear of delivery in last trimester pregnant women and its relationship with postpartum depression and maternal attachment. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between the years 2014-2016 in a university hospital and in a state hospital maternity clinics in a western city. The study was made with 163 pregnant women. A questionnaire form which was created in accordance with literature that includes questions about sociodemographical characteristics and other items that can effect delivery fear, Wijma Delivery Expectance Experience Scale (W-DEQ), Pregnancy Related Discomforts Scale, Psychosocial Health Assesment in Pregnancy Scale, Maternal Attachment Scale, Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale were used. Results: The mean delivery fear score of the pregnant women was 66.88±27.45. Fear of delivery significantly increased among those who did not take sufficient social support during their pregnancy (MWU=183.0; p=0.041) and among those who did not have sufficient information about delivery (MWU=1840.50; p= 0.000). A siginificant positive small corelation was found between W-DEQ and Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale (r=0.271; p=0.023). Conclusion: Delivery fear of pregnant women increased for those who did not take social support during pregancy follows and for those who did not have sufficient information on delivery. In addition, it was found that delivery fear can cause postpartum depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food insecurity is central to the fight against diseases and poverty in Africa. This explains why some governments, particularly in emerging economies, strive to identify the factors that incapacitate households to produce their own food. However, despite the existence of institutions and policies that support smallholder food production, the efforts have fallen short of expectations. This has generated serious anxiety and scepticism concerning the role of existing institutions and preferred policies. Thus, an exploratory study on the factors affecting the adoption of sustainable coping strategies among rural households was conducted in Chipinge district. Multistage random sampling method was used to select the study area and the respondents. Structured interview schedule and/or questionnaire were the methods employed to collect data from 120 household heads and 5 extension officers. Principal component analysis (PCA) and descriptive statistics were the analytical tools used to examine the constraints affecting the adoption of sustainable coping strategies. The PCA results revealed that the main challenges inhibiting the adoption of sustainable coping measures were labour, public and institutional constraints; religious values and land related problems; inadequate information on early warning system; limited employment opportunities and credit facility constraints; and poor rural farming projects and essential services provision constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examined how forest has contributed to rural households’ livelihood in Da river basin, the northwest mountainous region of Vietnam. The results revealed that forest predominantly contributes to the total income of rural residents in the region. Specifically, forestry land area, access to non-timber forest products, and payment for forest environmental services significantly affected household’s income in the region. However, rural people in the region have still faced several difficulties that constrain household’s livelihood. Of these difficulties, lack of financial capital, epidemic diseases in animal husbandry, limited access to market information and natural disaster are popular barriers to livelihood of people in the region. This paper also recommended several policies to improve rural livelihood in Da river basin. These includes: (i) integrating issues regarding payment for forest environmental services and REDD+ into socioeconomic development plan; (ii) improving awareness of local people on sustainable natural capital use through ecosystem conservation policy; (iii) providing preferential credit and training on agricultural production techniques; and (iv) encouraging market-oriented agriculture.

Objectives: To measure and analyse various factors affecting radiation exposure (RE) to surgeons during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Patients and Methods: A total of 212 patients who underwent PCNL were analysed. Informed consent was obtained from all enrolled patients. Ultrasonography/fluoroscopy guided punctures were done. The tract was dilatated and sheath placement done after which the procedure was completed in a routine fashion. A JJ or ureteric catheter or percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube was placed as per the merit of the case. A digitalised mobile surgical C‐arm image‐intensifier system was used in all cases. RE was determined using a pen dosimeter worn outside the lead apron of the surgeon at the level of the chest for uniformity and was recorded on a per case basis at the end of the procedure. Data were recorded for analysis with respect to relevant parameters. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify various parameters which affect RE (mSv). Results: The parameters analysed included: age, number and size of stones, body mass index (BMI) of patients, Hounsfield unit of stone (HU), degree of hydronephrosis, number of tracts, mode of access to pelvicalyceal system (PCS), sheath size (F), operative time (min), placement of a JJ or ureteric catheter or PCN tube, and kV used for exposure. There was a significant statistical relationship between stone volume (P < 0.001), number of tracts (P < 0.001), mode of access to PCS (P = 0.001), and sheath size (P = 0.002), with RE. The HU had a negative relationship, with a decrease in HU causing increased RE (P = 0.002). BMI, number of stones, degree of hydronephrosis, operative time and placement of a JJ or ureteric catheter or PCN tube did not have any correlation with RE in our study. Conclusion: The mean (SD) RE per procedure was 0.21 (0.11) mSv. Increasing size and low HU of stone, increasing number of tracts, fluoroscopic access to PCS, increasing sheath size and kV were found to increase RE. Although the exposure levels are within safety limits, serial monitoring and constant vigilance are mandatory to inform surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Literature Ink is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)