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Copyright of Migration & Ethnic Themes: MET / Migracijske i Etničke Teme is the property of Institut za istrazivanje migracija / Institute for Migration Research (IMIN) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Članek prikazuje primer aplikacije geografije pri proučevanju rodnostnega obnašanja. S pomočjo analize uradnih statističnih podatkov in analize z anketo zbranih podatkov smo primerjali tri območja v Sloveniji (Prekmurje, Zasavje, območje upravne enote Domžale), in sicer na področju urbanosti, reliefa in etničnosti. Ugotovitve kažejo na določene primerjalne prednosti in potencial geografskega pristopa k študiju rodnosti.

Članek predstavlja razvoj priseljevanja v Slovenijo po drugi svetovni vojni z vidika vplivov na raven rodnosti v Sloveniji. Analizira priseljevanje v Slovenijo in na podlagi primerjav rodnosti posameznih etničnih skupin v Sloveniji opredeljuje vlogo le-teh v skupni rodnosti v Sloveniji. Poudarek je na primerjavah rodnosti priseljenega prebivalstva napram večinskemu prebivalstvu v Sloveniji. Rezultati dajejo podlago za sklep, da priseljevanje v Slovenijo ni podaljšalo, oziroma zaustavilo demografskega prehoda v Sloveniji, kot se to pogosto domneva, pač pa je povzročilo, da so bile spremembe še izrazitejše. To lahko dokažemo z generacijskimi vrednostmi končnega potomstva, ki kažejo, da se je krivulja zniževanja končnega potomstva spuščala enakomerno in da glede na povečan obseg generacij, ki so se številčno od priseljevanja najbolj okrepile, v svojih starostnih skupinah niso povečale tudi končnega potomstva. Transverzalni podatki kažejo sovpadanje zastoja v upadanju celotne rodnosti z obdobji izdatnejšega priseljevanja v Slovenijo – to je v 1970. letih. Poglobljena analiza pa nam kaže, da je pri tem igral najpomembnejšo vlogo starostni efekt, ki ni bil v neposredni zvezi s priseljevanjem. Celotna rodnost se je ob stagnaciji v 1970. že v prvi polovici 1980. naglo znižala, kar je v nasprotju s takrat obstoječim trendom naglega povečevanja števila priseljencev. Nekateri avtorji so ugotavljali, da je v obdobju od konca 1960. let in 1970. let korelacija med rodnostjo in priseljevanjem negativna, v 1980. letih pa visoka in pozitivna. Ob tem je nujno potrebno opomniti, da situacije v 1980. ne moremo izvzemati iz celote, kajti arbitrarna odločitev o časovnem intervalu opazovanja močno vpliva na rezultate. Kako sicer pojasniti relativno visoko in skokovito povečanje migracijskega salda v »prvem« obdobju s splošnim nižanjem vrednosti celotne rodnosti v Sloveniji, ob hkratnem strmem upadanju in sovpadanju vrednosti celotne rodnosti in migracijskega salda? Situacije v 1980. letih torej ne gre posploševati na situacijo v 1970. To posploševanje inducira tezo, da se je z upadom priseljevanja znižala tudi rodnost. Taka teza je v popolni kontradikciji s situacijo v 1970., ko je priseljevanje skokovito naraščalo, rodnost pa je kljub temu padala. Integralno gledano je priseljevanje vplivalo dejansko na skrajšanje demografskega prehoda, oziroma je povzročilo strmejši prehod v drugo demografsko tranzicijo. Da priselitve dejansko niso mogle zaustaviti demografskega prehoda, je razvidno tudi iz podatkov o končnem potomstvu priseljenk. Le-to je, kot smo pokazali, v povprečju nižje od tistega pri Slovenkah. To pa pomeni ravno nasprotno, namreč da so priseljenke prispevale k hitremu upadanju transverzalnih vrednosti rodnosti v 1980. letih. Presojanje vplivov priseljevanja na potek demografskega prehoda preko celotne rodnosti je problematično iz več razlogov. Najpomembnejši je ta, da so transverzalni kazalniki pod močnim vplivom trenutnih dejavnikov, posebej še sprememb povprečne starosti mater ob rojstvu otrok. Vpliv teh sprememb je tako velik, da je lahko letna vrednost precenjena ali podcenjena tudi za več kot desetino. To pa je bistveno več, kot lahko na vrednosti celotne rodnosti vplivajo kvantitativne spremembe rodnostnega obnašanja, ki so po svoji naravi dolgoročne, in kar potrjujejo tudi longitudinalni kazalniki.

The purpose of this paper is to work out a synthetic indicator, which would help in identification, evaluation and comparison of demographic resources. The secondary aim is to form a spatial unit typology in the Republic of Croatia according to the synthetic indicator's value. The synthetic indicator has been named demographic resources index (ider ). It consists of two basic components: demographic index (idem ) and education index (io ). Population size is included in the calculation, specifically as a corrective in the form of a coefficient (k). The first index-component consists of eleven variables. It includes a general direction of demographic changes in the past period, the most important indicators of demographic potential and the synthetic indicator of the population natural change and age structure. The second index-component consists of four variables. It includes the characteristics of the population's attained level of education, as well as indications of the most educated contingent's future proportions. Based on the obtained values of the synthetic indicator, a typology of Croatian territorial units has been formed with six types of demographic resources, and their basic characteristics have been determined. The synthetic indicator of demographic resources has turned out to be relevant and applicable on all levels of Croatian territorial units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the demographically threatened region of the local community of Jurklošter in the southeastern part of the Alpine Sava Hills (Posavsko hribovje), part of the municipality of Laško. It draws attention to the natural and social conditions in the region after the Second World War, which led to the steady depopulation of the area. The paper presents the characteristics of the geographical location, settlement, settlements, population and land use, and economic development. It emphasizes the significance of the exceptional natural and cultural heritage as bases for strengthening the role of tourism and recreation, which along with some complementary activities could help reverse negative population trends and provide new sources of income. It deals primarily with natural and cultural motives as important components of the tourism potential of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with regional characteristics of birth rates in Croatia on different territorial levels: from individual townships and municipalities to counties and larger areas, such as Pannonian and Karst regions (further divided into the islands, the seashore and the inland). The analysis is based on the average birth rates for a three-year period (2001-2003). In order to eliminate the influence of differences in the age composition of population, standardized birth rates are being calculated. Entire female population of Croatia has been chosen for standard population. In all counties and larger regional entities the process of regional homogenization at low birth rates level is prominent. However, a certain polarization of birth rates in hypothetical conditions of a standardized age composition was determined. One pole is located in Bukovica and Dalmatinska Zagora - the area of hypothetically the highest fertility, and the other one is in Istria and around Rijeka - the area of hypothetically the lowest fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Treaties & Documents / Razprave in Gradivo is the property of Institut za Narodnostna Vprasanja and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Treaties & Documents / Razprave in Gradivo is the property of Institut za Narodnostna Vprasanja and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)