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This study aims to uncover the paradigm of green development of industrial parks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by integrating economic development, spatial configuration, pillar industries, energy-environmental infrastructure, water use, and economic-environmental performance. We identify the major challenges faced by the industrial parks in the region and then propose policy implications targeting eco-transformation of the parks. The key findings are as follows. Industrial parks have been playing a significant role in facilitating manufacturing industry and economic-social development in the Yangtze River Basin, by contributing more than 50% of the gross industrial output values of the provinces along the Yangtze River. It is necessary to strengthen the strategic position of the industrial parks for robust manufacturing industries in China. However, along the Yangtze River, there are large number heavy-industries and industrial parks, posing intensive pressure on resources and energy, as well as a huge pollutants emission. We classify four major points on ecological-environmental issues in the parks. First, some parks still need to enhance the initiative, consciousness and innovation of ecological civilization construction. Second, the parks should pose great importance on optimizing the industrial structure and environmental management of industrial parks, and declining the gap between leading parks and lowefficient ones substantially. Third, many parks have high carbon dioxide emissions, and have employed a coal-dependent energy infrastructure featured by small capacity and low efficiency. Fourth, industrial parks have yet to effectively control the total amount of freshwater consumption and reduce toxic and harmful pollutants reduction, pursuing clean and safe water. Given the challenges, we propose policy recommendations on innovation and eco-transformation of industrial parks from three aspects to achieve a marked height. The first aspect is to strengthen the grand plan for green development of industrial parks by integrating the upstream and downstream regions. The local authorities have the demand to release green development report annually. The second aspect is to deepen the green and low-carbon transformation of parks through conserving resources, increasing eco-efficiency, and exploring renewable resources comprehensively. Furthermore, it is crucial to advance the overall efficiency of energy and environmental infrastructure from the consideration of life cycle. Fostering industrial symbiosis between infrastructure is also a promising alternative. Third, it is urgent to balance the development of chemical industrial parks and the carrying capacity of water systems, by controlling pollution for the whole process using precise and scientific strategies, employing sustainable water stewardship, and protecting water eco-system.

Aims: Recent evidence indicated the biological basis of complement 1q (C1q)/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐related protein (CTRP) 3, 4, and 14 for affecting brain structure and cognitive function. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma CTRPs with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: A multicenter, cross‐sectional study recruited patients with AD (n = 137) and cognitively normal (CN) controls (n = 140). After the data collection of demographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, and medical history, plasma levels of tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (pT217), pT181, neurofilament light (NfL), CTRP3, 4, and 14 were examined and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine associations of plasma CTPRs with the presence of AD. The correlation analysis was used to explore correlations between plasma CTPRs with scores of Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, and Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SB), and levels of plasma pT217, pT181, and NfL. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Delong's test were used to determine the diagnostic power of plasma CTPRs. Results: Plasma levels of CTRP3, 4, and 14 were higher in AD group than those in CN group. After adjusting for conventional risk factors, CTRP3, CTRP4, and CTRP14 were associated with the presence of AD. In AD patients, CTRP3 was negatively correlated with scores of MMSE and MoCA, while positively correlated with ADL score, CDR‐SB score, pT217, and pT181; CTRP4 was positively correlated with CDR‐SB score, pT181, and NfL; CTRP14 was negatively correlated with MMSE score, while positively correlated with CDR‐SB score, pT217, and NfL. An independent addition of CTRP3 and 4 to the basic model combining age, sex, years of education, APOE4 status, BMI, TG, and HDL‐C led to a significant improvement in diagnostic power for AD, respectively. Conclusions: All the findings preliminarily uncovered associations between plasma CTRPs and AD and suggested the potential of CTRPs as a blood‐derived biomarker for AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tyrosine phosphorylation is an important post‐translational modification of proteins, and its accurate analysis is of vital importance. However, due to limited abundance of tyrosine phosphorylation as well as severe interference of serine/threonine phosphorylation and other phosphate‐containing species, approaches that can directly analyse tyrosine phosphorylation on the cell membrane still remain limited. Herein, we report the rational development of molecularly imprinted and cladded Raman nanotags and their successful application in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) imaging of tyrosine phosphorylation on cancerous cells and tissues. The prepared molecularly imprinted and cladded SERS nanotags could specifically recognize phosphotyrosine and thereby allowed for distinguishing phosphotyrosine from other phosphate‐containing species on cancerous cells and tissues by SERS imaging. Therefore, the molecularly imprinted and cladded nanotags‐based SERS imaging can be a promising tool for tyrosine phosphorylation analysis and tyrosine phosphorylation‐related studies, showing great potential for biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intelligent electrical power system is a comprehensive symmetrical system that controls the power supply and power consumption. As a basis for intelligent power supply control, load demand forecasting in power system operation management has attracted considerable research attention in energy management. In this study, we proposed a novel unsupervised multi-dimensional feature learning forecasting model, named MultiDBN-T, based on a deep belief network and transformer encoder to accurately forecast short-term power load demand and implement power generation planning and scheduling. In the model, the first layer (pre-DBN), based on a deep belief network, was designed to perform unsupervised multi-feature extraction feature learning on the data, and strongly coupled features between multiple independent observable variables were obtained. Next, the encoder layer (D-TEncoder), based on multi-head self-attention, was used to learn the coupled features between various locations, times, or time periods in historical data. The feature embedding of the original multivariate data was performed after the hidden variable relationship was determined. Finally, short-term power load forecasting was conducted. Experimental comparison and analysis of various sequence learning algorithms revealed that the forecasting results of MultiDBN-T were the best, and its mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error were improved by more than 40% on average compared with other algorithms. The effectiveness and accuracy of the model were experimentally verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are bleeding events associated with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Strictly lobar CMBs and strictly deep CMBs are likely caused by cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertensive arteriopathy, respectively. Leukoaraiosis (LA) reflects an ischaemic change in SVD, and LA severity has been correlated with CMBs. However, whether different locations (aetiologies) of CMBs correlate with LA is unknown. Methods: Patients receiving brain MRI and tbl2*-weighted gradient-recalled echo scans in a stroke outpatient department were screened for CMBs. The MRI results of the patients with CMBs were sent to investigators for further review and were evaluated using the Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale. Cerebral microbleed severity was graded using a numerical scale. Leukoaraiosis severity was assessed using the Fazekas scale. Results: Cerebral microbleeds were observed in 14.6% of the 1289 screened patients. The CMB incidence increased with age (in years, <50: 1.3%; 50-59: 10.7%; 60-69: 17.6% and ≥70: 23.6%; P=0.000). The CMB locations were distributed as follows: 23.4% strictly lobar, 12.2% strictly deep, 6.4% strictly infratentorial and 58.0% mixed. Cerebral microbleed severity correlated with the total Fazekas scale score. The numbers of lobar, deep and infratentorial CMBs correlated with the total Fazekas scale score. The mixed CMB group displayed a significantly higher Fazekas scale score than the strictly lobar CMB group (P=0.000). Discussion: Cerebral microbleed incidence increased with age. Mixed CMB type displayed the highest incidence. The severity and number of CMBs at any location correlated with LA severity. These results suggested interactions between hypertension and CAA during LA progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The controllability of composition and structure of layered double hydroxide (LDH) is one of the important grounds for their widespread use in removing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from the environment. In this study, single-layer LDHs were successfully produced through an ultrasound-assisted process in the presence of formamide and characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscope (AFM) and surface energy. Then LDHs were utilized to remove Cr(VI) in solutions, of which the results demonstrated that delaminated MgAl in formamide with ultrasound (F-U-MgAl) had the highest adsorption efficiency, and the adsorption equilibrium was reached in the first 1 min, with a removal rate of 100%. While the removal rate of Cr(VI) by delaminated MgAl without ultrasound (F-MgAl) and MgAl were only 77% and 12% after 60 min. Based on the XRD patterns and SEM images of samples before and after adsorption, the adsorption mechanisms of F-U-MgAl included anion exchange, surface adsorption and electrostatic attraction. The effects of initial pH, dosage, initial concentration, coexisting anions, and HA were also investigated. In addition, the adsorption in Cr(VI)-containing soil by LDHs was considered, and the results indicated that the single-layer LDHs had a broad application prospect in soil remediation. Besides that, we had also verified the above conclusion through the phytotoxicology tests. [Display omitted] • Delaminated LDHs were synthesized and characterized. • Delaminated LDHs are used in the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated water and soil. • The adsorption effect of delaminated LDHs were better than original LDHs. • Delaminated LDHs can reduce the phytotoxicity of Cr(VI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of bicycle-sharing stimulated companies' investment in a large number of bicycles in the market. However, it is important to balance the massive placement of bicycles in the market and the company's sustainable development. This paper is motivated to identify a strategic balance between market expansion and the sustainable development of the company. Based on the information asymmetry and evolutionary game theory, a tripartite game model was established for the government, enterprise, and consumer. This study identified five evolutionary stability strategies (ESSs) of these three parties under specific conditions by analyzing their decision-making behavior. The results indicated that the number of bicycles in the market placed by a bicycle-sharing enterprise was not directly proportional to its profit. The quantity of bicycles needed on the market was influenced by the government and consumers. It also found that government regulation plays a dominant role in the development of the bicycle-sharing company regarding the number of bicycles needed in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus and no effective therapy is approved. Here, lycorine, a natural alkaloid, was identified as a potential drug for DPN by the bioinformatics analysis of GEO datasets and Connectivity Map database. Lycorine administration improved peripheral nerve function and autophagy-associated proteins of diabetic mice. Again, in vitro high glucose-cultured rat Schwann cells (RSC96) showed enhanced autophagosome marker LC3-II with the treatment of lycorine. Additionally, beclin-1 and Atg3 were decreased in high glucose-stimulated RSC96 cells, which were reversed by lycorine treatment. Furthermore, DPN-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from GEO datasets and lycorine-drug targets from PubChem and PharmMapper were visually analyzed and revealed that MMP9 was both DPN-associated DEGs and lycorine-drug target. Functional enrichment analysis of MMP9-relevant genes showed that cell energy metabolism was involved. Moreover, lycorine reduced high glucose-enhanced MMP9 expression in RSC96 cells. Overexpression of MMP9 attenuated lycorine-induced the expression of beclin-1, Atg3 and LC3-II in high glucose-cultured RSC96 cells. In addition, AMPK pathway activation was confirmed in lycorine-treated high glucose-cultured RSC96 cells. Then AMPK pathway inhibition attenuated lycorine-reduced MMP9 expression in high glucose-treated RSC96 cells. Molecular docking analysis revealed that lycorine bound the domain of AMPK containing Thr 172 site, which affected AMPK (Thr 172) phosphorylation. Finally, AMPK pathway activation and MMP9 downregulation were also revealed in the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice administrated with lycorine. Taken together, lycorine was advised to promote Schwann cell autophagy via AMPK pathway activation and MMP9 downregulation-induced LC3-II transformation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil is commonly polluted by chromium, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are widely used for chromium removal due to their strong adsorption capacity and the unique properties of their delaminated products. In this study, delaminated LDHs (S–Mg-LDH and S–Ca-LDH) and their original LDHs were used to remediate Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. A series of characterizations confirmed the successful synthesis of delaminated LDHs whose sheet structure was thinner with a greater surface energy than the original LDHs. The remediation results indicated that delaminated LDHs could more efficiently immobilize Cr(VI) in soil. The immobilization rate of S–Mg-LDH was 64.32%, while Mg-LDH was only 8.09%. However, at low dosages, the efficiency of S–Ca-LDH was 28.1% while Ca-LDH was 5.16%, but they had similar effects at high doses. Moreover, soil pH had little effect on their removal efficiencies. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results showed that the leaching of Cr(VI) in soil after treatment with S–Mg-LDH, S–Ca-LDH, Mg-LDH, and Ca-LDH was reduced by 75.43%, 72.43%, 86.55%, and 75.90%, respectively. The phytotoxicity tests of soil treated by S–Mg-LDH and S–Ca-LDH revealed that they effectively reduced the toxicity of chromium and lowered its bioaccumulation. Overall, this study confirms the feasibility of delaminated LDHs for Cr(VI) immobilization in soils. Image 1 • Delaminated LDHs were synthesized and characterized. • Delaminated LDHs and LDHs are used in the remediation of Cr-contaminated soil. • The immobilization effect of delaminated LDHs were better than original LDHs. • Delaminated LDHs can reduce the leachability and phytotoxicity of Cr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphorylation is one of the most frequently occurring post-translation modifications in mammals. Because abnormal protein phosphorylation is related to many diseases, phosphorylation analysis is essential for a sound understanding of protein phosphorylation and its relationship with diseases. Among several types of reagents for phosphorylation recognition, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), as synthetic mimics of antibodies, have exhibited unique strengths that can overcome the drawbacks of biological reagents. However, the performance of current MIPs has remained unideal. Meanwhile, while the currently existing imprinting methods have permitted the production of several material formats, such as crushed particles and mesoporous nanoparticles, a general method allowing for the preparation of monodispersed molecularly imprinted nanoparticles has not been developed yet. Herein, we report a new approach called reverse microemulsion template docking surface imprinting and cladding (RMTD-SIC) for facile preparation of monodispersed imprinted nanoparticles for better phosphorylation recognition. Through rational design and controllable engineering, monodisperse imprinted and cladded nanoparticles specific to general phosphorylation and tyrosine phosphorylation were synthesized, which yield the highest imprinting factors as compared with published studies. The prepared nanomaterials exhibited excellent specificity and affinity, allowing for specific enrichment and improved mass spectrometric identification of target phosphorylated peptides from complex samples containing 100-fold more abundant interfering peptides. Therefore, the RMTD-SIC approach holds great potential for phosphorylation analysis and phosphorylation recognition-based applications.

Rv2742 is a novel gene identified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv by the proteogenomics strategy. The aim of this study was to establish a system of soluble expression and purification of the missing protein Rv2742 in M. tuberculosis H37Rv, to provide reference for further research on the biological function of Rv2742. The soluble protein was not successfully induced by prokaryotic expression vectors pGEX-4T-2-Rv2742, pET-32a-Rv2742, pET-28a-Rv2742 and pMAL-c2X-Rv2742. After the codon of novel gene Rv2742 was optimized according to E. coli codon usage frequency, only the recombinant strain containing plasmid pMAL-c2X-Rv2742 could produce soluble products of Rv2742 encoding gene. In addition, the expression effects of the desired fusion protein were also analyzed under different conditions including hosts, culture temperatures and IPTG concentrations. The optimum expression conditions were as follows: Rosetta (DE3) host, 16 °C culture temperature and 0.5 mmol/L IPTG. After being purified by affinity chromatography with amylose resin, the fusion protein sequence was confirmed by LC-MS/MS. These results indicated that the novel gene Rv2742 product could be successfully induced and expressed in a soluble form by the expression system pMAL-c2X with MBP tag. Our findings provide reference for studies on potential interaction and immunogenicity.

Aim and Objective: The rapid increase in the amount of protein sequence data available leads to an urgent need for novel computational algorithms to analyze and compare these sequences. This study is undertaken to develop an efficient computational approach for timely encoding protein sequences and extracting the hidden information., Methods: Based on two physicochemical properties of amino acids, a protein primary sequence was converted into a three-letter sequence, and then a graph without loops and multiple edges and its geometric line adjacency matrix were obtained. A generalized PseAAC (pseudo amino acid composition) model was thus constructed to characterize a protein sequence numerically., Results: By using the proposed mathematical descriptor of a protein sequence, similarity comparisons among β-globin proteins of 17 species and 72 spike proteins of coronaviruses were made, respectively. The resulting clusters agreed well with the established taxonomic groups. In addition, a generalized PseAAC based SVM (support vector machine) model was developed to identify DNA-binding proteins. Experiment results showed that our method performed better than DNAbinder, DNA-Prot, iDNA-Prot and enDNA-Prot by 3.29-10.44% in terms of ACC, 0.056-0.206 in terms of MCC, and 1.45-15.76% in terms of F1M. When the benchmark dataset was expanded with negative samples, the presented approach outperformed the four previous methods with improvement in the range of 2.49-19.12% in terms of ACC, 0.05-0.32 in terms of MCC, and 3.82- 33.85% in terms of F1M., Conclusion: These results suggested that the generalized PseAAC model was very efficient for comparison and analysis of protein sequences, and very competitive in identifying DNA-binding proteins., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)