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Objective: To evaluate the antibiotic resistance of five foodborne Escherichia coli clinical isolates to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and ampicillin. Methods: Based on the theory of electron transfer during bacterial energy metabolism and the introduction of resazurin as a redox probe, an electrochemical square wave voltammetry （SWV） method based on bladed tensin-mediated rapid identification of E. coli drug resistance was established. Results: The electrochemical square wave voltammetry values of E. coli at different concentrations mediated by resazurin were determined, and there was a good linear relationship between the E. coli concentration and the oxidized peak current （I） of resazurin in the range of 1.69×102～1.69×108 CFU/mL, with the regression equation of Y=-0.156 0X-2.965 5, and R2=0.977 5; When performing the determination of E. coli drug resistance, the drug sensitivity test standard was developed by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute （CLSI）. The oxidized peak current （I0） of resazurin and the oxidized peak current （I-a） obtained by E. coli after directly interacting with resazurin were used as the control, and the oxidized peak current （I+a） obtained by E. coli after treating it with antibiotics and interacting with resazurin was determined. The value of bacterial activity VETA was introduced as VETA as an indicator for the identification of bacterial resistance by electrochemical square wave voltammetry, and established a rapid electrochemical drug sensitivity test method for E. coli mediated by resazurin. The established method was used to detect the resistance of five clinical isolates of foodborne E. coli to three antibiotics, and VETA=50 was used as the critical value for determining bacterial sensitivity and resistance, and the results of the drug sensitivity tests were all in accordance with the results of the paper diffusion method. The VETA=50 was used as the critical value for determining bacterial susceptibility and resistance, and all the results were consistent with the results of the paper diffusion method, and the paper diffusion method required 18 h to report the results, whereas this method required only 2 h. Conclusion: Our electrochemical square-wave voltammetry method based on the resazurin-mediated rapid discrimination of E. coli drug resistance is able to accurately and rapidly detect the antibiotics resistance of the five foodborne clinical isolates of E. coli to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and ampicillin.

Previous studies suggest that the senescence and death of the replaceable bud of the Chinese chestnut cultivar (cv.) “Tima Zhenzhu” involves programmed cell death (PCD). However, the molecular network regulating replaceable bud PCD is poorly characterized. Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling on the chestnut cv. “Tima Zhenzhu” replaceable bud before (S20), during (S25), and after (S30) PCD to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying the PCD process. A total of 5,779, 9,867, and 2,674 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered upon comparison of S20 vs S25, S20 vs S30, and S25 vs S30, respectively. Approximately 6,137 DEGs common to at least two comparisons were selected for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to interrogate the main corresponding biological functions and pathways. GO analysis showed that these common DEGs could be divided into three functional categories, including 15 cellular components, 14 molecular functions, and 19 biological processes. KEGG analysis found that “plant hormone signal transduction” included 93 DEGs. Overall, 441 DEGs were identified as related to the process of PCD. Most of these were found to be genes associated with ethylene signaling, as well as the initiation and execution of various PCD processes.

Endodontic microsurgery is a vital treatment modality for teeth with persistent periradicular pathoses that have not responded to nonsurgical retreatment. The principle is to determine the reason for failure, completely eliminate the infection and promote periapical healing. Within recent years, endodontic microsurgery has evolved to become standardized and presents with a high success rate. However, its outcome is still influenced by many factors, including anatomy, periodontal condition, crown-to-root ratio, occlusion, the type of periradicular lesion, and prosthesis. Moreover, endodontists always concentrate on “the apex”, paying little attention to the general preoperative evaluation, accurate diagnosis, and comprehensive treatment plan. This article reviews the latest literature on these issues and the clinical experience of our research group and discusses the correlation between endodontic microsurgery and other oral disciplines, including periodontology, prosthodontics, oral implantology, oral and maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics. The oral interdisciplinary assessment should be made with comprehensive consideration of the root canal system, periradicular lesion, adjacent anatomical relationships, periodontal condition, occlusion, and esthetic rehabilitation. Based on these findings, the continuity of treatment will be optimized, and the best treatment plan will be proposed to provide clinical strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of complex periradicular diseases.

Promoting the Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2030 issued by WHO, there is a global trend to transform the mental health care system from a psychiatric hospital-centred mode to a community-based network. Under this trend, decentralised community mental health institutions are gradually replacing psychiatric hospitals and mitigating the stigma of mental illness in the community. Plus, the operation mode and functions of mental health facilities become different, with their space design emphasising different features and requirements. Especially in urban contexts where it is crowded and people face more stressors and complex environments, mental health facilities have more challenges in dealing with the relationship with the surrounding community, reducing stigma from the community, and the impact of the space on patients’ mental health. The goal is to explore the spatial characteristics of community mental health institutions in cities and to establish architectural design strategies for these institutions. Through a summary of theories on the built environment of community mental health institutions, combined with an analysis of internationally approved projects, five spatial characteristics were identified: (1) community shared space, (2) threshold space, (3) therapy space, (4) activity space, and (5) natural space. The research on the above five spatial characteristics, combined with the local social and cultural background and the specific needs of adolescents’ mental health, was innovatively applied to the architectural design of the Mallet ST Youth Mental Health Centre in Sydney, Australia.

Mineralogy and separation experiments were carried out for a low-grade linnaeite ore (0.052%), which belonged to limonite-hematite-pyrite type complex mineral. Under the grinding fineness of 80% -0.074 mm, linnaeite concentrate which contained cobalt grade of 0.51%, recovery rate of 80.99%, sulfur grade of 23.79%, recovery of 88.03% was obtained by closed-circuit processes of one roughing, two scaenging and one cleaning, which used sulfate acid (4500 g/t) and copper sulfate (300 g/t) as activator, so-dium silicate (1000 g/t) and CMC (30 g/t) as inhibitor, ethyl xanthate（100 g/t）and butyl xanthate (100 g/t) as collector, 2# oil (40 g/t) as forther in roughing, no agent in cleaing and first scavenging, used ethyl xan-thate（50 g/t）and butyl xanthate (50 g/t) as collector, 2# oil (20 g/t) as forther in second scavenging.