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［Objective］ In the turnout section, the wheel-rail relationship of the rubber-tired metro vehicle is relatively special as it is the rubber tire that provides running support and the steel wheel that provides guidance. In order to improve the operation quality of the rubber-tired metro vehicle, it is necessary to study the lateral passing performance of the turnout. ［Method］ Based on the new type of rubber-tired metro vehicle on Mexico City Metro Line 1, the running mechanism of the vehicle is analyzed, the dynamics model of the vehicle is established, and the evaluation index of the vehicle turnout lateral passing performance is proposed. Through analyzing the sensitivity of the vehicle main suspension parameters, their influencing coefficient on the evaluation index is obtained. The parameters with greater influence are optimized by using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II. ［Result & Conclusion］ With the vertical force of the running wheel, the lateral force of the guide wheel, the lateral force of the axle, the load transfer coefficient of the running wheel, and the roll angle of the car body as evaluation indexes, it is concluded that the vertical stiffness of air spring has the greatest impact on the turnout lateral passing performance of rubber-tired metro vehicles, followed by the damping of the vertical shock absorber and the radial stiffness of the guide wheel and etc. After optimization, the roll angle of the car body is reduced by 8.7%, and the load transfer coefficient of the running wheel by 16.0%. The vehicle can pass through the turnout at a speed of 45 km/h, and the turnout lateral passing performance of the vehicle is improved.

To address the limitations of half-space coverage, low information transmission efficiency of RIS assisted batteryless IoT, a STAR-RIS assisted transmission scheme was proposed. Specifically, a STAR-RIS was deployed between the batteryless device (BD) and the access point, facilitating the uplink information transmission from the BD to the access point, thereby achieving full-space network coverage of the BD. To further enhance energy transmission efficiency, energy beamforming was designed at the power station. To this end, the system sum-rate maximization problems for both space division multiple access (SDMA) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scenarios were investigated, with jointly optimization of the relection coefficients of the BD, the energy beamforming vector at the base station and the coefficient matrices of the STAR-RIS. For the SDMA scenario, an iterative algorithm based on the block coordinate descent (BCD) framework was proposed to solve the optimization problem. Similarly, to address the non-convexity of the optimization problem in the NOMA scenario, the objective function was transformed to simplify its solution, and another iterative algorithm based on the BCD framework was proposed. Numerical results show the superiorities of the proposed schemes over the benchmark schemes. Moreover, the utilization of the NOMA achieves better performance than the SDMA.

Diazodinitrophenol (DDNP) is a widely used and powerful initiating explosive, and the production of a unit mass of DDNP generates 200-300 times more industrial wastewater containing DDNP and its derivatives. DDNP is highly toxic, stable and resists biodegradation. Furthermore, due to a strong electron-absorbing nitro group in its structure, DDNP has antioxidant property that makes it difficult to degrade completely even by single advanced oxidation technique. A sequential reduction-oxidation process was developed using modified zero-valent aluminum (C@mZVAl) and sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) and the degradation performance of the combined system on DDNP was investigated. The results revealed that the combination of C@mZVAl reduction and Na2S2O8 oxidation could effectively treat industrial DDNP wastewater with DDNP of (1 050±15) mg/L without additional pretreatments such as dilution or pH adjustment, and the effect of treatment was significantly better than that of oxidation or reduction processes alone. The reduction stage reaction rate could be sped up by adding more C@mZVAl, and the elimination rate of DDNP and COD could be further enhanced by adding more Na2S2O8. When the initial mass concentration of DDNP was (1 050±15) mg/L, 8 g/L C@mZVAl in the reduction stage combined with 10 mmol/L Na2S2O8 in the oxidation stage for the reaction could lead to DDNP degradation rate of up to 96.81% and COD removal rate of up to 81.20% with a clear efflent. Compared with other current DDNP treatment processes, the modified zero-valent aluminum (C@mZVAl) combined with sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) process has the advantages of high efficiency, simple operation, and low consumption of chemicals, which provides a new idea for the treatment of DDNP and other types of antioxidant-organic industrial wastewater.

Objective To mine the adverse drug events (ADE) signal of avatrombopag, an effective drug for thrombocytopenia treatment, based on real world data in order to provide reference for its clinical safety application. Methods The OpenVigil2.1 pharmacovigilance platform was used to obtain the ADE report data of avatrombopag from May 2018 to March 2023 in the database of FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS).The ADE signals were classified and described by the system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) of the ADE terminology set in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA), and reporting odds ratio (ROR) and UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) comprehensive standard were used to detect the positive ADE signals. Results A total of 1 879 ADE reports related to avatrombopag were obtained, 24 SOCs were involved, and 28 positive ADE signals were detected at PT level.Among these signals, the strongest ones were renal vein thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis and graft versus host disease, while the reports accounting for the largest numbers were headache, fatigue and asthenia.There were 8 ADE signals discovered newly, that is, seasonal allergy, back disorder, musculoskeletal discomfort, flatulence, hypersomnia, rash macular, emotional disorder, and rhinorrhoea. Conclusion For clinical use of avatrombopag, clinicians should not only concern the risk of thrombosis, but also pay close attention to ADE signals such as seasonal allergy, back disorder, musculoskeletal discomfort, flatulence, hypersomnia, rash macular, emotional disorder, and rhinorrhoea that are not documented in the instructions.

Generally, non-destructive testing methods based on the fast neutron technology, such as the associated alpha particle detection technology, can detect hidden hazardous materials without affecting the detected object. The effective neutrons are labeled by recoil alpha particles produced in a D-T reaction, which can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of neutron detection. Meanwhile, the spatial information of the detected object can be obtained based on the spatial resolution of alpha particles. Therefore, neutron detection methods based on accompanying alpha particles have important application prospects in the field of security inspection. The principle and system composition of the neutron detection method based on associated alpha particles are briefly introduced herein. Then, key components of the detection system, such as the neutron tube, alpha particle detector, and gamma detector, are described. Next, the associated alpha particle neutron detection system, which is being studied worldwide, and its progress are presented. Finally, the prospects of this detection method are discussed.

Abstract HP501 is a highly selective renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitor used for treating hyperuricemia. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of HP501 in male Chinese patients. Patients with hyperuricemia were sequentially assigned to receive oral doses of HP501 (30, 50, 60, 90, and 120 mg) as a single dose on Day 1 and as once-daily doses from Days 4 to 13. Safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic data were collected. Multiple oral doses of HP501 were well-tolerated in all the cohorts. The most common adverse events (≥ 10% of patients) of any grade regardless of drug relationship were gout flare (14 patients, 25.93%), diarrhea (12 patients, 22.22%), elevated ALT (8 patients, 14.81%), hypertriglyceridemia (7 patients, 12.96%), dry mouth (7 patients, 12.96%) and oral ulcer (7 patients, 12.96%). All adverse events were mild or moderate. The Cmax and exposure (AUC) of HP501 was approximately dose-proportional between 30 and 120 mg. A dose-dependent serum uric acid (UA)-lowering effect was observed in the dose range of 30 to 60 mg and the serum UA lowering effect was similar between 90 and 120 mg on day 13, indicating that the maximal serum UA lowering effect of HP501 was achieved at 90 mg in the patients with hyperuricemia. In conclusion, the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics supported 90 mg HP501 for subsequent clinical studies of this highly selective URAT1 inhibitor. Clinical Trial registration: No. CTR20212259 ( http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/ ) was registered in September 2021, and No. CTR20222257 was registered in September 2022.

Malnutrition is a common cancer treatment side effect, leading to the decreased treatment tolerance and increased risk of complications induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This paper summarized the studies on malnutrition among patients with lung cancer in perspectives of risk factors, evaluation tools and nursing interventions, in order to provide reference for clinical practice of lung cancer treatment and nursing. (营养不良是肺癌患者常见症状。营养不良可导致患者治疗耐受性下降、放化疗不良反应风险增加, 严重影响肺癌患者生活质量。本文从肺癌患者营养不良发生的危险因素、评估工具、护理干预措施等方面进行综述, 以期为临床护理人员选择合适的评估工具、给予有效的护理干预措施提供参考依据。)

Background/Objectives: The Xizang sheep is a unique breed of sheep in the highland regions of China that has gradually developed physiological characteristics adapted to the plate environment through long-term natural selection and artificial breeding. However, little is known about the molecular basis of metabolic adaptation to seasons in Xizang sheep. Methods: In this study, liver tissues from Xizang sheep in summer (SL) and autumn (AL) were selected for transcriptome sequencing to explore the metabolic adaptability of Xizang sheep to seasons. Results: The results showed that a total of 12,046 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, with 1123 genes significantly upregulated and 951 genes significantly downregulated in autumn. The top five pathways enriched for DEGs were Metabolic pathways, Phagosome, Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, Propanoate metabolism, and Fatty acid metabolism, which are involved in immune regulation, fat oxidation, and synthesis. The reduction in lipid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation, and fat breakdown metabolism promotes gluconeogenesis by inhibiting the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and Phosphoinositide 3-kinase- Protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathways. Conclusions: This process helps to maintain the whole-body energy homeostasis of Xizang sheep, facilitating their adaptation to the seasonal changes in the extreme high-altitude environment. These findings provide foundational data for studying the molecular mechanisms of metabolic adaptation to seasons in ruminants.

Objective To explore and analyze the influencing factors of multi⁃disciplinary team (MDT) model in treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) with severe multiple injuries, and to summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience. Methods Total 144 patients of sTBI with severe multiple injuries treated in a MDT model at The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2016 to June 2021 were included. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to assess prognosis at discharge, univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses were used to screen for influencing factors postoperative prognosis. Results A total of 144 patients were divided into good prognosis group (n = 101) and poor prognosis group (n = 43) according to the GOS score at discharge. The poor prognosis group included hypertension (P = 0.003), diabetes (P = 0.004), smoking (P = 0.000), drinking (P = 0.000), traumatic shock (P = 0.009) and brain hernia formation (P = 0.000), combined chest injury (P = 0.046), abdominal injury (P = 0.000) and spinal injury (P = 0.009), the proportion of concurrent pulmonary infections (P = 0.031), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS, P = 0.004), ventilator ⁃ assisted ventilation (P = 0.005), and tracheostomy (P = 0.005) during treatment were higher than those in good prognosis group, while the proportion of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (P = 0.000) and brain contusion and laceration (P = 0.013) at admission were lower than those in good prognosis group. Logistic regression analysis showed diabetes (OR = 4.119, 95%CI: 2.632-5.832; P = 0.042), abdominal injury (OR = 1.183, 95%CI: 1.000-1.269; P = 0.006), low GCS score at admission (OR = 4.949, 95%CI: 1.609-15.218; P = 0.005), and MODS during treatment (OR = 4.642, 95%CI: 4.068-5.216; P = 0.008) were risk factors for poor prognosis of patients of sTBI with severe multiple injuries, while tracheotomy was a protective factor for good prognosis (OR = 0.223, 95%CI: 0.062-0.384; P = 0.007). Conclusions sTBI with severe multiple injuries is complicated and difficult to treat. Diabetes, combined with abdominal injury, low GCS score at admission, and MODS during treatment are risk factors for poor prognosis of patients of sTBI with severe multiple injuries under MDT.

Objective To investigate the effect of GHET1 on the biological behavior of gallbladder cancer cells and the regulatory mechanism of GHET1 on miR-27b. Methods The expression of GHET1 and miR-27b in 50 samples of gallbladder cancer was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The si-NC vector, si-GHET1 vector, miR-27b inhibitor, and si-GHET1 vector+miR-27b inhibitor were transfected into SGC-996 cells and set as the control group, GHET1 interference group, miR-27b interference group, and GHET1+miR-27b interference group. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in each group were detected by MTT, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays. The regulatory effect of GHET1 on miR-27b was validated by luciferase reporter gene assay. Results GHET1 expression was higher in cancer tissues than that in paracancerous ones. miR-27b expression was lower in cancer tissues than that in paracancerous tissues. GHET1 was negatively correlated with miR-27b expression (P

The first histories of French literature in Chinese were published after the launch of the New Culture Movement, in 1917. However, not all of these histories conformed to the spirit of the Movement. Falanxi wenxue [French Literature], published by Yuan Changying in 1923 at the Commercial Press, is an example of this. The work is included in the “Small Encyclopedic Collection,” whose inspiration comes from Wang Yunwu, the editor-in-chief of the collection, reading The Encyclopædia Britannica [British Encyclopedia] in the late Qing Dynasty. The appearance of Falanxi wenxue in the collection is due to the personal relationship between Wang Yunwu and Yuan Changying, rather than a project to systematically introduce foreign literature into China. In Falanxi wenxue, Yuan Changying condemns Medieval literature and praises Classicism and the Parnassians. This position fits with the author's taste for outfits and her passion for Greek mythology. Yuan Changying appreciates Louis XIV and has little taste for the spirit of freedom carried by Romanticism. The same contrast appears between Yuan Changying's praise of the prosperity of the European society and the condemnation of its liberalism. The gap between Falanxi wenxue and the spirit of May 4 proves even clearer through the comparison with Faguo wenxueshi [History of French literature] by Li Huang, marked by the progressivism of the time.

BackgroundMolten salt reactor is one of the six internationally recognized and recommended fourth generation reactors that can use liquid nuclear fuel. The production, transportation, and storage of nuclear fuel involve different processes from conventional solid-state nuclear fuel reactors.PurposeThis study aims to perform criticality safety analysis for nuclear fuel storage of molten salt reactor in compliant with requirements of nuclear fuel management and nuclear safety supervision.MethodsThe design parameters of MSRE (Molten Salt Reactor Experiment) were referred for criticality safety analysis, and the impact of different factors on nuclear fuel salt storage was analyzed. Calculation was completed by selecting storage modeling, critical parameter analysis, and Monte Carlo neutron transport software simulation for liquid fuel molten salt reactor nuclear fuel. The keff values of dry environment storage and water flooded environment storage under the design model were summarized, so did the changes in the total mass of fuel salt.Results & ConclusionsThe quality of subcritical safety control under different conditions are obtained and compared with corresponding raw material salts, intermediate products, and consideration of container walls. This study combines legal regulations and the process of nuclear material circulation for analysis and discussion, summarizes the critical safety characteristics of nuclear fuel salt, and for the first time proposes relevant supervision and evaluation points from the perspective of nuclear safety supervision.

With the development of smart homes, virtual reality, and other technologies, people’s demand for digital modeling and visualization of interior space is increasing. How to quickly and accurately estimate the layout of the interior space has become a matter of great concern. This paper develops a 3D virtual visual interior design platform structure based on this. By studying the indoor multi-sensor fusion localization system, the localization module in the navigation process was designed based on this fusion result. The visual localization algorithm, WiFi localization, PDR localization, and AMCL fusion localization algorithms are introduced, respectively. The extended Kalman filter algorithm is used to fuse the algorithm with the highest state value for localization, which is used for scene recognition according to the algorithm localization effect. To achieve the 3D virtual visual impact, a 3D virtual visual interior design platform is created based on 3D virtual vision. Experiments are conducted on the localization system in the platform, and the error of all the localization points of the localization method combining vision and AMCL is no more than 1.1m, with the maximum error of 1.071m and the average error of 0.481m, which is the lowest error among all the algorithms. The localization sensor constructed by the localization algorithm using vision and AMCL with extended Kalman filtering has an average error of 10.33cm, which allows for good scene recognition. The data analyzes designers’ satisfaction with the use of the platform, and the independent variable in the regression equation that contributes most significantly to total satisfaction is the platform’s time-saving, with a coefficient of 0.324. The platform’s focus should be on enhancing time efficiency.

Industrial software for digital design is a mainstay of industrial software and the foundation for intelligent manufacturing; however, a large gap exists between relevant domestic industries and the international frontier. Therefore, it is urgent to improve these software to support China’s manufacturing sector to enter the international advanced ranks. This study explores the significance of the industrial software for digital design, reviews the development status of industrial software in China and abroad, and analyzes the challenges faced by related industries in China. Key breakthrough directions are summarized, including seamless integration of structural computer-aided design/computer-aided engineering software and optimization software; design, analysis, and optimization integrated software driven by geometric features; simulation calculation and analysis featuring multi-body, multi-state, and multiphysical field coupling; cloudification and customization of industrial software; and heterogeneous parallel computing supported by algorithm strategies. Furthermore, we propose the following suggestions: (1) sorting out subdivided areas and formulating targeted industry support policies, (2) encouraging software enterprises to draw on each other’s strengths and formulating unified domestic standards, (3) providing targeted support for small- and medium-sized enterprises to expand their customer market, (4) mproving personnel training programs to gather high-end research staff, and (5) strengthening basic research and exploiting the advantages of domestic innovation market.

In order to solve the problem of response speed and improve the far-field divergence angle characteristics of the traditional Selective Area Growth-Duble Stack Active Laser-Electro-absorption Modulated Laser (SAG-DSAL-EML) in a high-frequency modulation environment, this paper uses the iron-doped buried technology to the Elector-absorption Modulated Laser (EML) structure was optimized, and the SAG-DSAL-EML with a 1 310 nm iron-doped buried structure of InGaAsP/InP material designed and a sample chip fabricated. The active area of the new SAG-DSAL-EML a mesa structure, and the two layers of the SAG-DSAL-EML epitaxially grown InP layer. At the same time, the laser part and modulator part of the designed iron-doped buried structure EML are numerically and simulated by Advanced Laser Diode Simulator (ALDS), and High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The results show that compared with the traditional multiple quantum well structure, the threshold current of the SAG-DSAL structure laser is reduced by 13% ompared with the traditional ridge waveguide structure, the lateral confinement capability of the iron-doped buried structure is improved by 52%. The difference is reduced by 40% and has a smaller far-field divergence angle ompared with the traditional PNPN buried structure, the response bandwidth of the modulator with the iron-doped buried structure at -3 dB is increased by about 24%. The sample chip is tested, and the test shows that the threshold current of the laser is 14.5 mA, the Side-Mode Suppression Ratio(SMSR) is 45.64 dB response bandwidth of the electro-absorption modulator -3 dB is 43 GHz under the injection current of 70 mA, which meets the basic requirements of high-speed laser communication.

Objective To explore the efficacy, safety, and factors that might influence the efficacy of antiPD-1 antibody-based therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in the real world. Methods The clinical features, efficacy, and safety in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who received anti-PD-1 antibody-based therapy were retrospectively analyzed. The survival status was followed-up. Results The objective response and the disease control rate were 21.8% and 76.4%, respectively. The overall incidence of adverse events during treatment was 81.8%, of which the incidence of grade 3/4 adverse events was 14.5%. The incidence of immune-related adverse events was 58.2% and the incidence of grade 3/4 immune-related adverse events was 3.6%, and no treatment-related death was observed. The median PFS of the 55 patients was 5.0 (95%CI: 3.9-6.1) months, and the median OS was 11.4 (95%CI: 6.5-16.3) months. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that liver function Child-Pugh scores and performance status ECOG score were the influencing factors of the objective response rate and survival. Conclusion In the real world anti-PD-1 antibody-based therapy is safe and effective in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, in which the performance status ECOG score and liver function Child-Pugh score before treatment are independent prognostic factors influencing survival.

In order to solve the problem of Catastrophic Optical Damage (COD) caused by the rapid rise of the cavity surface temperature during the long-term high temperature operation of the laser, it is proposed that the addition of Al2O3 coating and the thermal insulation structure together at the semi-conductor laser surface, it can reduce the temperature of laser cavity surface and prevent the generation of COD. First, a simplified semi-conductor laser model is established to analyze solid heat transfer. Then, the cavity surface temperature of the laser model is simulated at 550 K when there is no coating and no insulation structure, coating and no insulation structure, no coating and insulation structure, and when the coating and insulation structure act together, the ceramic heat insulation is used in the heat insulation structure, GaAs is used in the cavity surface material, Cu is used in the heat sink and AlGaAs is used in the contact layer. The results of 4 groups of contrast experiments show that the temperature of the cavity surface can be controlled below 393.15 K when the coating and the thermal insulation structure act together. 550 K high temperature in the laser cavity surface coating and thermal insulation structure under the dual protection, can effectively prevent the generation of COD, so that the life of the laser can be improved.

Objective To study the efficacy of Ticagrelor and ezetimibe in the treatment of elderly patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and the value of preventing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after the patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 120 elderly STEMI patients receiving PCI in the First Peoples Hospital of Foshan from January 2016 to January 2021 were selected and were randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=60, each). Based on the conventional treatment in both groups, ticagrelor was used in control group, and ezetimibe with ticagrelor was given in observation group. MACE and adverse reactions were collected after PCI, levels of Interleukin（IL）-6, procalcitonin (PCT) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected, and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured. Results Before operation, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG) of patients in observation group was better than that in control group (P0.05).Compared with those in control group, the operation time and the incidence of MACE （11.67% vs28.33%) significantly decreased in observation group (P0.05). After 3 months of treatment, IL-6, PCT and hs-CRP levels and LVEDD decreased, and LVEF increased in observation group compared with those in control group (P

Chimeras are universal phenomena in the M1-generation plants obtained following radiation-induced mutagenesis; however, the mutational effects and variant inheritance mechanisms of related rice chimeras have yet to be sufficiently clarified. In this study, we used target capture-seq technology to obtain OsNramp5 mutant chimeras via carbon ion beam irradiation, and used a 10 kb liquid chip to determine the SNP/InDel mutational occurrence and genetic isolation characteristics of the chimeric M1 generation and mutational M2 genomes. The results revealed that the mutation detected in the OsNramp5 gene of M1 chimeric rice was not inherited by the M2 generation; that is, the mutation detected in somatic cells of the M1 population was not passed to the subsequent generation via the germ cells. In addition, conversion was established to be twice as common as transversion among the M1 genomic mutation types, although more than half of the variant sites were inherited by the M2 generation. However, these sites were rarely located within the functional coding regions of genes. Our findings in this study revealed the genomic variation characteristics of somatic M1-generation chimeras induced by carbon ion beam irradiation and their genetic characteristics in the M2 generation. These findings will provide a reference for further studies that seek to elucidate the mechanisms underlying chimeric mutation effects and for selecting appropriate procedures for mutagenesis breeding following carbon ion beam irradiation.

Time-related cognitive function refers to the capacity of the brain to store, extract, and process specific information. Previous studies demonstrated that the cerebellar cortex participates in advanced cognitive functions, but the role of the cerebellar cortex in cognitive functions is unclear. We established a behavioral model using classical eyeblink conditioning to study the role of the cerebellar cortex in associative learning and memory and the underlying mechanisms. We performed an investigation to determine whether eyeblink conditioning could be established by placing the stimulating electrode in the middle cerebellar peduncle. Behavior training was performed using a microcurrent pulse as a conditioned stimulus to stimulate the middle cerebellar peduncle and corneal blow as an unconditioned stimulus. After 10 consecutive days of training, a conditioned response was successfully achieved in the Delay, Trace-200-ms, and Trace-300-ms groups of guinea pigs, with acquisition rates of >60%, but the Trace-400-ms and control groups did not achieve a conditioned stimulus-related blink conditioned response. It could be a good model for studying the function of the cerebellum during the establishment of eyeblink conditioning.

Taking a pumped storage power station in the northwest cold and arid regions as an example, this paper summarizes the construction technology and method of wound vegetation restoration in the upper and lower reservoir connecting road project of pumped storage power station in the northwest cold and arid regions, as well as the system of measures including the selection of suitable plants, the design of soil covering engineering, the design of plant measures and the construction technology. The soil covering engineering and plant measures were designed according to different wound types. The soil preparation of the Yurian pit and the ridge outside the pit were constructed with planting bags, arbor and shrubs were planted inside the pit, Picea asperata Mast. was selected for arbor and Juniperus sabina L. for shrubs, and forest vegetation blanket was used on the upper slope with a gentle slope, and shrubs and grass seeds were mainly planted with Poa annua L., Stipa capillata L. and Artemisia frigida Willd. The above vegetation restoration measures were designed. It greatly reduces soil and water loss in the reservoir area, improves vegetation coverage in the reservoir area, and enriches plant diversity, making the wound surface of the upper and lower reservoir connecting road of pumped storage power station gradually restore to the natural environment plant community state before the destruction.

With global warming, environmental degradation is becoming increasingly severe, and the impact on power transmission and transformation equipment is increasing. The changing environment will also have cross impacts, and people are paying more attention to environmental protection. Therefore, under complex environmental conditions, research on new technologies continues, and the emergence of new technologies can improve efficiency and reduce costs. This article focuses on three typical environments: noise environment, soft geological environment, and seismic environment, with a focus on analysing their latest technological situation and management strategies. At the same time, it proposes future development directions, guides the emergence of new business models and service methods, and promotes industry innovation and change.

Crowdsourced testing is the application of crowdsourcing in software testing.It performs testing in a distributed and collaborative way,which has received widespread attention.However,the open crowdsourced testing environment and centralized storage mode put the intellectual property at risk of leakage and being manipulated.In order to realize the privacy protection and trusted storage of crowdsourced testing intellectual property,this paper proposes corresponding protection methods for different intellectual property.For the test tasks and the tested codes,AES and the improved CP-ABE algorithm are used for fine-grained data access control.By outsourcing complex encryption operations to the trusted third party,the proposed algorithm reduces the computing cost of requester.Meanwhile,it also supports the dynamic attribute revocation and meets the forward and backward security.In addition,using blockchain and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS),a distributed trusted storage and consistency right confirmation method of large-scale intellectual property data is realized.It protects intellectual property data from tampering and helps to solve intellectual property disputes.Finally,the performance test and comparative evaluation verify that the encryption and decryption efficiency of this method is improved compared with previous methods,and the blockchain has a high perfor-mance.Security analysis shows that the scheme meets the security requirements.

Akabane virus (AKAV) has been detected in a variety of host species in China, but there are only limited records of its occurrence in goats. However, more attention needs to be paid to understanding the diversity of viruses in this species. The aim of the study was to explore the genotype characteristics and variation trend of AKAV and their relationship with virulence in Yunnan, China.

Established the double cold expansion simulation model, and investigated the effects of surface micromorphology characteristics on the fatigue performance of double cold expanded holes. The double cold expansion process and fatigue life of the strengthened holes was simulated by using ABAQUS and MSC. Fatigue software. The hole wall element was selected, and the surface micro-profile of the hole wall was represented as the semi-ellips micro-notches. The S-N curve of the material is modified by effective stress concentration factor Kf, and investigated the effects of surface micro-profile on the fatigue performance of double cold expanded holes.The results show that there existed compressive residual stress layer on the hole wall after the double cold expansion process, and the fatigue life of the expanded sample was increased. With the increasing of the number of micro-notches in the hole wall, the stress concentration factor can be alleviated effectively, and stress concentration factor Kt is positively correlated with the depth-width ratio b/a and the distance-width ratio d/（2a）. The double cold expansion process can reduce the surface roughness of the hole wall by 21%～49%, which can effectively alleviate the notch stress concentration and improve the fatigue performance of the hole.

In order to explore the effect of weld area and groove structure on the damage effect of laser irradiation on titanium alloy and ceramic coating, the experiment of continuous laser irradiation on welding seam and groove area of titanium alloy was studied, while the surfaces of the specimens were coated with or without anti-laser ceramic material. The following conclusions were obtained: the ceramic coating can protect the titanium alloy substrate from the damage of high power laser effectively; the laser resistance of ceramic coating on the welding seam area is weakened, but it still protects the titanium alloy effectively; the damage of laser on the edge and the corner structure of titanium alloy with groove structure is aggravated with the increasing of laser power density, and under the same laser density, the damage inside the groove is less than that outside, while that of corner is less than edge. Micromorphology results show that the ceramic coating undergoes a series of physical and chemical changes and phase transformation to absorb a large amount of thermal energy converted from luminous energy, which has a protective effect on the titanium alloy.

BackgroundIn the process of uranium enrichment, the separation power is the key evaluation index, but the leakage of the valve will affect it.PurposeThis study aims to analyze the normal and abnormal conditions of uranium enrichment centrifugal cascade unloading system, and put forward the corresponding measures and suggestions of valve leakage for uranium enrichment industry and nuclear and radiation safety supervision department.MethodsThe cascade simulation method was used to analyze the influence of valve leakage by computer programming iteration. Emphasis was placed on the separation power change of centrifugal cascade unloading system for uranium enrichment.ResultsThe results show that it is difficult to judge the leakage of valve channels in the centrifugal cascade unloading system of enriched uranium by the process operation parameters. The influence of the process on the separation power of uranium enrichment varies with the leakage position of the valve channel, which has a great impact on the economy and safety of uranium enrichment. When the leakage rate is true, the separation power of uranium enrichment will change, and material loss of 0.1% will lead to a separation power loss of 3.8%.ConclusionsTherefore, it is necessary to judge the leakage point of the valve channel of the unloading system timely and accurately.

Phototherapy usually includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) to induce cell death. PDT utilizes the sensitization of the photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species by the intersystem crossing while PTT undergoes nonradiative decay to generate heat. Cancer immunotherapy has evolved as a new therapeutic modality to eradicate tumor cells by activating antigen-presenting cells, and thus, inducing innate or adaptive immune responses. Phototherapy is able to stimulate the immune system, usually by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD). Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is an oncological treatment that combines the phototherapy of the tumor with immunotherapy treatment. Combining phototherapy with immunotherapy enhances the immunostimulating response and has synergistic effects for metastatic cancer treatment. PIT is able to enhance the antitumor immune response by ICD and prevent tumor metastases and recurrence. In this review article, we would like to summarize the recent advances in the development of phototherapy (such as PDT, PTT, and synergistic PDT/PTT) triggered immunotherapy for cancer treatment. In addition, immunotherapy triggered by phototherapy and other therapeutic modalities will be discussed. PIT may be a win-win strategy to fight against cancer.

Appropriate biomimetic scaffolds created via 3D bioprinting are promising methods for treating damaged menisci. However, given the unique anatomical structure and complex stress environment of the meniscus, many studies have adopted various techniques to take full advantage of different materials, such as the printing combined with infusion, or electrospining, to chase the biomimetic meniscus, which makes the process complicated to some extent. Some researchers have tried to tackle the challenges only by 3D biopringting, while its alternative materials and models have been constrained. In this study, based on a multilayer biomimetic strategy, we optimized the preparation of meniscus-derived bioink, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/meniscal extracellular matrix (MECM), to take printability and cytocompatibility into account together. Subsequently, a customized 3D bioprinting system featuring a dual nozzle + multitemperature printing was used to integrate the advantages of polycaprolactone (PCL) and meniscal fibrocartilage chondrocytes (MFCs)-laden GelMA/MECM bioink to complete the biomimetic meniscal scaffold, which had the best biomimetic features in terms of morphology and components. Furthermore, cell viability, mechanics, biodegradation and tissue formation in vivo were performed to ensure that the scaffold had sufficient feasibility and functionality, thereby providing a reliable basis for its application in tissue engineering.

Objective To summarize the sociodemographic information, injury data, treatment methods and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Guizhou Province, and to explore the treatment ideas of TBI in this area. Methods A total of 1931 patients with TBI who were diagnosed and treated in Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2016 to December 2018 were recruited by self⁃designed data questionnaire. The clinical data included gender, age, occupation, area of injury, cause of injury, type of injury, location of injury, severity of injury, whether the midline deviated, location of hematoma, combined injury, whether pre⁃hospital first aid, whether surgical treatment, operation time window, postoperative complications and infection during hospitalization. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate the prognosis of patients. Results According to GOS score, there were 1488 cases (77.06%) with good recovery, 134 cases (6.94%) with mild disability, 101 cases (5.23%) with severe disability, 134 cases (6.94%) with vegetative survival and 74 cases (3.83%) with death. 1) Social demographic data: there were significant differences in GOS scores between different ages (F = 6.411, P = 0.000) and occupations (F = 5.446, P = 0.000). The prognosis of 46-55 years old patients was worse than that of 5-15 years old patients (t = 5.047, P = 0.000). The prognosis of self ⁃ employed workers was worse than that of preschool children (t = ⁃ 3.570, P = 0.021), students (t = ⁃ 5.050, P = 0.000) and cooks (t = ⁃ 3.763, P = 0.013). There was no significant difference in the prognosis between different genders (t = 0.123, P = 0.902). 2) Injury data: there were significant differences in the prognosis among different injury causes (F = 2.585, P = 0.017), injury sites (F = 5.314, P = 0.000) and injury severity (F = 238.321, P = 0.000). The prognosis of traffic injury was worse than that of strike injury (t = ⁃ 3.731, P = 0.004). The prognosis of basal ganglia injury was worse than that of cerebellar injury (t = ⁃ 3.340, P = 0.002). The prognosis of severe (t = 15.983, P = 0.000) and medium (t = 5.711, P = 0.000) patients was worse than that of mild, and severe patients was worse than that of the medium (t = 9.130, P = 0.000). The prognosis of no⁃Guiyang patients was worse than that of patients in Guiyang (t = ⁃ 2.231, P = 0.026). The prognosis of open injury patients was worse than that of closed injury patients (t = ⁃ 3.069, P = 0.002), subdural hematoma patients was worse than that of epidural hematoma patients (t = 4.559, P = 0.000), and the prognosis of patients with midline shift was worse than that of patients without midline shift (t = ⁃ 17.781, P = 0.000). The prognosis of patients with combined injury was worse than that of patients without combined injury (t = ⁃ 4.725, P = 0.000). 3) Treatment and complications: the prognosis of patients with pre⁃hospital first aid was worse than that without pre⁃hospital first aid (t = 4.343, P = 0.000). The prognosis of patients with surgical treatment was worse than that of patients with conservative treatment (t = ⁃ 5.506, P = 0.000). The prognosis of patients with postoperative complications was worse than that of patients without complications (t = ⁃ 15.845, P = 0.000), and the prognosis of patients with concurrent infection during hospitalization was worse than that of patients without infection (t = ⁃ 14.645, P = 0.000). While there was no significant difference in prognosis between CT examination time (t = ⁃ 1.942, P = 0.052) and operation time window (t = ⁃ 1.483, P = 0.140). Conclusions The disability rate of TBI in Guizhou Province is high. Strengthening the propaganda and education of traffic and production safety knowledge can prevent and reduce TBI. Strengthening the professional training of neurosurgeons in county⁃level hospitals can make TBI patients get timely, standardized and homogeneous treatment, and improve the prognosis. doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2021.03.012

At present, in most coal mines, the coal pillar width of goaf-side roadway driving is determined by the average mining thickness. However, the thickness of the same coal seam could be varied greatly by various factors during the formation process. The large variation of mining thickness in the fully mechanized working face leads to large difference of surrounding rock deformation and complex damage mechanism of the goaf-side roadway driving. In order to solve the above problems, FLAC3D software is used to establish a roadway model so as to analyze the surrounding rock deformation and damage law under the average mining thickness, and determine the reasonable coal pillar width. When the average mining thickness is 18 m, on the side of the solid coal, the peak supporting pressure in the coal is positively correlated with the coal pillar width. Moreover, when the coal pillar width is greater than 8 m, the growth rate of the supporting pressure slows down. Therefore, the reasonable coal pillar width should be 8 m. This paper studies the influence of mining thickness on the stability of the surrounding rock of goaf-side roadway driving in the context of determined coal pillar width. The results show that when the coal pillar width is 8 m, with the increase of mining thickness, the shear damage area of roof increases, and the rock deformation range and the roof subsidence increase. However, the shear damage area of two sides and the distance between the two sides decrease. When the mining thickness is less than 18 m, the peak support pressure in the coal pillar is negatively correlated with the mining thickness. When the mining thickness is greater than 18 m, the peak support pressure in the coal pillar is positively correlated with the mining thickness, but the growth is small. According to the simulation analysis results, it is concluded that the increase of mining thickness is beneficial to the control of the surrounding rock along the two sides of the goaf roadway, but not beneficial to the roof maintenance. For areas with large mining thickness, anchor rods should be added to strengthen support in time. The actual application on site verifies the reliability and validity of the research in this paper.

Current research on mine pressure law of working face mainly focus on mine pressure law and roof structure of large mining height working face with shallow burial depth, but there's few researches on behaviors law and control technology of strong mine pressure of fully mechanized top coal caving mining face with shallow burial depth. For the above problem, taking 42202 working face of a coal mine as research background, behaviors law of strong mine pressure of working face was researched using actual measurement method combining support monitoring and micro-seismic monitoring of working face: the first weighting interval of 42202 working face is 60 m, and periodic weighting interval is 18-26 m. When pressure is weighting, dynamic load coefficient of the support is as high as 1.58, depth of rib spalling is up to 1 100 mm, and shrinkage of the support is 50-80 mm. The strong mime pressure causes working face to crush support. When pressure is applied, the pressure in the middle part is large, while pressure on both sides are small, indicating that mine pressure appears more violently when working face pressure comes; Micro-seismic events are mainly concentrated in the advance position of the working face and auxiliary transportation roadway, and the change trend of daily cumulative energy and daily frequency is basically the same. The mechanism of strong mine pressure of fully mechanized top coal caving mining face with shallow burial depth was analyzed, it is pointed out that the main reason of the strong mine pressure on working face is joint instability effect between 'voussoir beam' structure formed by upper key strata and 'cantilever beam' structure formed by lower key strata. In view of the problem of strong mine pressure, weakening measure of roof caused by hydraulic fracturing was proposed. After adopting hydraulic fracturing measure, the maximum working resistance of support decreases from 59.1 MPa to 50.1 MPa, reducing by about 15%.The maximum stress of deep hole decreased by 15%, and the maximum stress of shallow hole decreased by 32%, indicating that hydraulic fracturing had a significant effect on roof weakening and roadway surrounding rock stress weakening.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon ion and proton therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by Meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese Journal Full-text, Chinese Biomedical Literature and Wanfang Database were searched to collect relevant clinical studies on carbon ion and proton therapy for HCC. Two reviewers independently screened the literature and extracted data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was carried out by Stata 12.0. Results We included 7 carbon ion and 23 proton therapy studies. According to the combined results, both carbon ion and proton therapies for HCC obtained good local control rate and low adverse reactions, and the incidence of severe adverse reactions was low. Subgroup analysis showed that carbon ion and proton therapies improved the 5-year OS of HCC patients with either favorable or poor prognosis. Conclusion Both carbon ion and proton therapies may be the effective alternative treatment options for HCC with favorable prognosis, and also show better efficacy for HCC patients with poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND Hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) is widely used for the determination of arsenic in soil. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is widely used in the simultaneous determination of multiple elements, but the detection limit of arsenic is slightly higher. The combination of hydride generation technology and ICP-OES has been widely studied, which can greatly reduce the detection limit of arsenic and yield the simultaneous determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, mercury and other elements. However, the combination technology can only be used to determine easy hydrogenation elements but it cannot simultaneously determine easy hydrogenation elements and difficult hydrogenation elements. OBJECTIVES To obtain the simultaneous determination of arsenic and various metal elements in samples by one dissolved sample and one apparatus. METHODS The soil samples were dissolved by hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid and hydrochloric acid, followed by the addition of thiourea ascorbic acid solution to reduce arsenic to +3, by using 10% hydrochloric acid as the dissolving medium. The elements were determined by double flow method at the same time. RESULTS For the coexisting ions in the solution, La and Dy higher than 1.0mg/L had interference on the determination of arsenic. These elements had no effect on the determination of arsenic, when K, Na, Ca, Mg, and Fe concentrations were lower than 50.0mg/L, Pb, Mo, Zn, Cu, Ba, Ti, Mn, Ni, Sr, V, when Cr concentrations were lower than 20.0mg/L, and Co, Ag, U, Cd, Li, Au concentrations were lower than 10.0mg/L. CONCLUSIONS This method improves the sensitivity of arsenic and has the advantages of multi-element simultaneous determination. It can simultaneously determine trace arsenic and difficult hydrogenation elements such as copper, lead, zinc, nickel, and vanadium. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the method is less than 5%. This method is confirmed by soil standard materials and is proved to be reliable and suitable for the simultaneous determination of trace arsenic and other elements.

Objective: There are many prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against ischemic stroke (IS) with radix astragali as the monarch medicine, such as Buyang Huanwu Decoction, in which the amount of radix astragali is as high as 120 g, we can see that radix astragali plays a significant role in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The research aims to define bioactive compounds, potential targets, pathways, and possible molecular mechanisms of radix astragali in treating IS based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods: Potential active compounds of radix astragali were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform Database (TCMSP), ETCM (Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine), BATMAN-TCM (Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of TCM) and literature, and radix astragali targets were predicted using Swiss Target Prediction platform. GeneCards, TTD (Therapeutic Target Database), OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), and DrugBank were employed to retrieve IS-related targets. They were then overlapped to obtain intersections. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING online database, and core targets were screened using network topology analysis. The biological function process and signaling pathways underlying key targets were executed using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway, whereas enrichment and cluster analyses were conducted using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Cytoscape 3.6.0 constructed the core target network and component-target-pathway network to analyze. Molecular docking to determine whether active compounds had a definite affinity for core targets by AutoDock Vina software. Results: In this study, 60 active compounds of radix astragali were obtained, together with 1098 corresponding targets, 1386 IS-related targets, and 279 intersecting target genes. Furthermore, ten key molecular targets of radix astragali for IS were collected, including AKT1, ALB, ACTB, TNF, IL6, IL1B, MAPK3, VEGFA, CASP3, and JUN. The key KEGG signaling pathways mainly include PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cAMP signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. Further molecular docking results indicated that the two main compounds had a high affinity for the three core targets. Conclusions: This study established that practicable mechanisms of radix astragali against IS would be linked to neuroprotective effects, improved cerebral blood flow, apoptosis inhibition of cerebral ischemia tissue cells, mediating inflammation, and radix astragali may be used as the effective traditional Chinese medicine in clinical treatment of IS .

BackgroundLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technology for testing and analyzing the composition and content of elements in materials.PurposeThis study aim to determine the content and distribution of hydrogen isotopes in hydrogen storage materials by using LIBS quantitative analysis technology.MethodsThrough independent design, construction and integration, a LIBS system was established for in-situ measurement of hydrogen isotopes in a vacuum chamber. Titanium sheets were used to prepare titanium-hydrogen samples with different concentrations of hydrogen and deuterium atoms to investigate the content and distribution of hydrogen isotopes in titanium using LIBS technology. The plasma parameters were calculated from the emission spectrum of titanium, and quantitative analysis on the content of hydrogen and deuterium atoms in the titanium sheet was carried out. Finally, the internal calibration method was employed to draw the calibration curves of hydrogen and deuterium, respectively, so as to determine the accuracy of this technology.ResultsThe plasma temperature calculated from the Boltzmann diagram is (16 000±1 000) K. Test results show that the linearity of calibration curves is increased by 4% by integrated intensity calibration, and the error of hydrogen isotope quantitative analysis is reduced by 2.8%. Based on the fitted curve, the concentration is consistent with the concentration determined by the pressure drop method during the sample preparation process. The average measurement error of hydrogen and deuterium is 3.19% and 1.94% respectively.ConclusionsProvided that the plasma state conforms to the local thermal equilibrium and the plasma temperature of different elements is consistent, LIBS quantitative analysis can accurately measure the contents of hydrogen isotopes by using the internal standard method. Signal enhancement effect and data accuracy of LIBS meet the requirements of quantitative analysis.

Double-layer composite water-lubricated bearing is a new type of water-lubricated bearing which can integrate the good damping performance of low elastic under-layer bush and good tribological performance of plastic layer bush. This paper analyzes its elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance by fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method, and studies the effects of eccentricity ratio, rotational speed, elastic modulus distribution and thickness distribution of bearing bush on its lubrication performance. Results show that the lubrication performance of double-layer bearing is more like that of plastic bearing. As rotational speed and eccentricity ratio increase, the maximum water film pressure, the load carrying capacity and the maximum bush deformation increase significantly. As the elastic modulus of the low elastic under-layer bush decreases, the total bush deformation increases significantly, but the load carrying capacity decreases slightly. The bush thickness distribution influences the deformation distribution of both low elastic under-layer bush and plastic layer bush, but have little impact on the total bush deformation and bearing lubrication performance.

Grape is one of the oldest tree species in the world which have a relatively high tolerance to salt stress. The function of Suberin Lamella is to control the transport of water and ions, which has a positive effect on salt tolerance. However, whether the suberin lamella of grape root is related to its salt-tolerance has not been revealed. In this study, suberin lamella in roots of two grape varieties, "Crimson seedless" and "1103p", were stained by FY0888. Results showed that salt stress induced the appearance and thickening of suberin lamella of grape root cortex. The induction effect was very obvious in salt-toerant "Crimson seedless", while the effect was weak in "1103P", indicating that the suberin lamella of grape was indeed involved in the salt tolerance of grape.

In recent years, with the irreversible trend of internationalization worldwide, the internationalization of higher education is a key direction of China’s education in the future. Given the current situation of political, economic, and social development in Balkan countries, Turkey strongly desires to develop its internationalization of higher education. This paper will explore the internationalization development status of higher education between Turkey and China, based on which their cooperation path of higher education is summarized.

Objetivo: El artículo se propone describir un sistema de desarrollo del profesorado chino de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) que favorezca el desempeño profesional, a partir de la contextualización de los métodos y procedimientos más recientes al contexto universitario chino. Métodos: El estudio se realizó mediante la revisión documental y la consulta de la bibliografía que aborda los estudios ELE, la observación participante y el registro de sistematización de experiencias en la impartición de clases a estudiantes chinos de la Universidad de Estudios Internacionales de Hebei. Resultados: El resultado fundamental del estudio es un sistema de desarrollo de los profesores chinos de ELE, fundamentado desde los antecedentes y principios generales de la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras y su contextualización a la formación universitaria china. Conclusión: El desarrollo del profesor chino de ELE debe caracterizarse por el desarrollo de competencias para el ejercicio de la docencia, sobre la base de la apropiación crítica de los fundamentos del enfoque orientado a la acción (lo internacional), el enfoque electivo de los aciertos de los métodos precedentes, la tradición educativa del país y la visión de la educación universitaria de la reforma educativa china.

In this paper, we investigate the monotonicity of the functions

Objective To compare the effect of low tidal volume (LTV) ventilation versus conventional tidal volume (CTV) ventilation on circulatory function in patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). Methods A total of 22 patients who underwent selective LLR in our hospital from July to December 2017 were enrolled into this study. They were prospectively randomized to CTV group (n=11) and LTV group (n=11). They all received same anesthesia induction and maintenance, and those of the CTV group underwent conventional mechanical ventilation (tidal volume: 10~12 mL/kg) without positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) or recruitment maneuver, while those of the LTV group were given mechanical ventilation with lower tidal volume (6~8 mL/kg) along with recruitment maneuver (once/30 min) but no PEEP during operation, with the airway pressure being maintained at 30 cmH2O for 30 s at a time for 3 cycles. The intraoperative circulation indexes including stroke volume variance (SVV), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), mean artery pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), doses of vasopressor usage, and score of intraoperative anesthesia circulation management made by surgeons postoperatively were compared between the 2 groups. Results ① There were less patients receiving norepinephrine to maintain MAP in the CTV group than the LTV group (1 vs 8 cases, P < 0.05). ②After the establishment of pneumoperitoneum, SVV was significantly elevated in the CTV group (22.6±6.2 vs 13.3±3.6, P < 0.01) and the LTV group (17.2±6.4 vs 13.0±3.9, P < 0.05) when compared with that before establishment. SVV was lower in the LTV group than the CTV group during the phase of establishment, with statistical differences at 15 (17.2±6.4 vs 22.6±6.2, P < 0.05) and 30 min (17.1±4.0 vs 22.1±5.8, P < 0.05) after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum. ③ CVP was decreased in the LTV group than the CTV group (2.7±1.6 vs 5.6±2.0 cmH2O) immediately after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum when compared with baseline, though without significant difference. ④ The score of intraoperative anesthesia circulation management was notably higher in the LTV group than the CTV group (3.7±0.8 vs 3.1±0.5, P < 0.05). Conclusion LTV ventilation reduces the adverse effects of pneumoperitoneum on hemodynamics in the patients undergoing LLR when compared with CTV ventilation, and is facilitated to stabilization of hemodynamics and better operating conditions for surgeons.

China in the 1920s and 1930s was marked by a spirit of revolution, characterized by deconstructing traditional Confucian values in favor of modern intellectual currents. It is in this context that we observe the publication of many critical articles and translations devoted to Baudelaire. In our text, we focus on showing the ways in which Chinese critics and translators construct different images of Baudelaire, images that refer to various currents of ideas that have influenced China at the time: fight against utilitarianism, search for freedom, praise of art for art, marxism, conservatism in literary language or search for novelties in poetry. In order to reveal the subjectivity in the construction of these Chinese images of Baudelaire, particular attention is given to the rewriting of the original texts, in the criticism as in the translation.

The effect of trace Ge on the microstructure and quenching sensitivity of 7056 aluminum alloy was studied by mechanical tensile and end quenching experiments, combined with some analysis methods such as metallographic observation, hardness test, conductivity test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results show that the trace element can refine the alloy grain sizes,the grain size is reduced from 137μm to 114μm; the addition of trace Ge formes coarse Mg2Ge phase on the grain boundary and inhibits the formation of the T phase.In addition, compared with the Ge-free alloy, the width of the precipitation free zone of the Ge-bearing alloy becomes narrow, and is decreased from 190nm to 90nm, and the size of the precipitated phase at the grain boundary is reduced.The trace addition of Ge could reduce the quench sensitivity of alloy, increased the quenching depth of the alloy about 25%,which may be caused by the addition of Ge which changes the number and size of η equilibrium phase during slow cooling; the addition of Ge reduces the free vacancy concentration in the alloy, non-uniform nucleation and growth of the η equilibrium phase at the defect are suppressed, which increases the number of strengthening η' precipitates after aging.Thus the drop in the strength is decreased during slow quenching,which increases the hardenability of the alloy.