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Abstract Background There is ongoing debate regarding which embryo transfer procedure can achieve a higher live birth rate. Research has suggested that frozen ET might be beneficial for certain populations, such as hyper-responders. This study aimed to compare outcomes of pregnancies between frozen and fresh embryo transfer cycles in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a high-volume reproductive center from January 2010 to January 2022. Patients who were diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and endometrial carcinoma were included. They all underwent in vitro fertilization after conservative treatment. The primary outcome was live birth after frozen and fresh embryo transfer cycles, and secondary outcomes included perinatal complications and other pregnancy outcomes. Results Overall, 259 ET cycles (130 fresh and 129 frozen) were included. The rate of live births per embryo transfer cycle of the whole cohort was 20.8% (54/259), and no significant between-group difference was found after adjusting for potential confounding factors (23.8% vs. 17.8%; adjusted OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.21-1.06; p=0.068). Compared to fresh embryo transfer group, the incidence of total maternal complications in the frozen embryo transfer group was significantly higher (30.4% vs. 6.5%, p=0.019). Analyzing each complication as a separate entity, patients in the frozen embryo transfer group had a higher incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (p=0.028). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that frozen embryo transfer was related with an increased occurrence of maternal complications (OR, 6.68, 95% CI, 1.01-44.19, p=0.040). Conclusions Among patients with endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, the rate of live births was comparable between both embryo transfer procedures, while frozen embryo transfer might be associated with a higher risk of maternal complications compared to that with fresh embryo transfer.

Yolk sac tumours are a type of ovarian germ cell tumours. Here, the authors perform exome and RNA sequencing of clinical samples of 30 patients, characterize the mutational landscape of these rare tumours, and identify molecular features associated with resistance to cisplatin-based therapies.

PurposeTo explore the relationship between different artificial reproductive treatment (ART) strategies and tumor outcomes, by analyzing clinical data of patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH).MethodsThis retrospective study was performed in a tertiary hospital. Patients (n=131) with EC or AEH, who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment between June 2010 and June 2021, were divided into a recurrence group and a non-recurrence group. Clinical characteristics and tumor outcomes were assessed.Results131 patients were followed up for 4-132 months; 33 patients had recurrence, the recurrence rate was 25.2%, 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was 83.2 ± 3.4%, and the 5-year RFS rate was 72.9 ± 4.4%. Factors including the frequency of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and the total days of ovarian stimulation had no significant effect on the recurrence of tumor lesions (p=0.368 and 0.969, respectively). Histology type (HR: 4.94, 95%CI: 2.41-10.15, p

Abstract Background Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) plays a crucial role in the management of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) and is an important reference index for chemotherapy termination. However, a high level of AFP can also be caused by several benign diseases, causing confusion and impacting treatment decisions. Case presentation We described four patients who were diagnosed with MOGCTs; the histologic subtype in two of them was mixed MOGCTs (yolk sac tumor with mature teratoma), while the rest was immature teratoma. The serum AFP level of each patient was abnormal before surgery, but it was still persistently elevated around 300 ng/ml even after additional cycles of chemotherapy. All patients were thoroughly evaluated, but we did not find any evidence of disease progression or residual tumors. Liver function tests were normal, whereas serum assays revealed positive of hepatitis B surface antigen, and two patients had a high level of HBV-DNA. They were chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus and never received relevant treatments. Then they were managed with tumor surveillance and the antiviral treatment. Thereafter, the AFP levels presented a slowly decreasing trend. Conclusions False elevation of AFP in MOGCTs is a rare condition and should be assessed with a comprehensive evaluation to avoid unnecessary treatments.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of fertility-sparing treatment for young women with grade 2 presumed stage IA endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EEA).Methods: We performed a retrospectively review of eight patients affected by grade 2 presumed stage IA endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma who underwent fertility-sparing treatment in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2011 and 2018.Results: The median age of patients was 26 years (range, 22–35 years). Complete response (CR) was found in seven of the eight cases. The median time to response was 3 months (range, 3–9 months). Among patients who achieved CR, three had recurrence and were treated with second-line fertility-sparing therapy. Two of the three recurrent patients achieved CR, and one patient subsequently conceived. Pregnancies and successful deliveries were achieved in two of four patients. The average follow-up period was 31 months (range, 21–77 months).Conclusions: Fertility-sparing therapy is a feasible treatment option in patients with presumed stage IA, grade 2 endometrial cancer. Although our results are encouraging, they are based on very limited numbers, and patients should be informed the risk of tumor progression during treatment. Further evaluations are still required before recommending fertility-sparing therapy to endometrial cancer patients with more advanced disease in routine practice.

It is of great significance to improve the photocatalytic performance of photosensitizers by supramolecular strategies. In this study, we constructed a supramolecular cascade assembly (PATT-CB[7]-SBE-β-CD) comprising an N,N,N0,N0-tetra(p-aminophenyl)-p-phenylenediamine derivative (PATT), cucurbit[7]uril (CB [7]), and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-b-CD). Compared to PATT, the supramolecular cascade assembly exhibits a remarkable 30-fold enhancement in fluorescence emission intensity. The excellent fluorescence emission of PATT-CB[7]-SBE-β-CD makes it an optimal energy donor to construct a lightharvesting system (LHS) with Eosin Y (EY) and sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) through a sequential two-step energy transfer process. The PATT-CB[7]-SBE-b-CD+EY+SR101 served as a photosensitizer to facilitate the photocatalytic oxidation of N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline and its derivatives. Compared to PATTCB[ 7]-SBE-β-CD and PATT-CB[7]-SBE-b-CD+EY, PATT-CB[7]-SBE-β-CD+EY+SR101 exhibits significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance, which is achieved by enhancing the generation efficiency of the superoxide anion radical (O2c -) through sequential two-step energy transfer processes. The finding of this study demonstrated that the generation of O2c - can be greatly enhanced through effective energy transfer to improve the photocatalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon dots (CDs) are a type of carbon‐based luminescent material with a zero‐dimensional structure and a size of less than 10 nm, which are composed of sp2/sp3 hybrid carbon nuclei and surface functional groups. Because CDs has strong photoluminescence and good light absorption in the ultraviolet and near visible regions, it is an excellent candidate for photocatalytic applications. However, the use of nonmetallic doped CDs as photosensitizers for direct photocatalytic organic reactions has been limited to several scattered reports. Herein, we present nitrogen‐doped carbon dots (N‐CDs) that has a capability for not only produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion radical (O2⋅−) and singlet oxygen (1O2), but also provide an unprecedented high activity of dehalogenative oxyalkylation of styrene with a yield of 93 %. This work develops a novel opportunity to utilize cost‐effective and easily accessible CDs for the advancement of photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fraternity might seem a category absent from the religious tradition of the Tao. In reality this is not the case because Chinese wisdom always recalls the common origin of humanity and the fact that human beings must support each other. Educating today to fraternity, to a sense of welcome, hospitality and justice is possible to the extent that the action of faith takes shape with respect to good intentions. The author reinterprets the theme of fraternity in the light of the philosophical and religious principles of Taoism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although our previous studies have confirmed that 1, 3, 8-trihydroxy-6-methylant hraquinone (emodin) inhibits migration and invasion in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, the aim was to investigate the effects of emodin on EOC cells and to study further the mechanism underlying this process, both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: Cell proliferation was evaluated by the methylthiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Cell migration and invasion abilities were tested using the transwell assay. The expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated factors were measured with western blotting. Results: Exogenous ILK enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion properties of A2780 and SK-OV-3 cells. After treatment with emodin, the survival rate of cells was gradually reduced, including those of SK-OV-3/pLVX-ILK and A2780/pLVX-ILK cells, with increasing emodin concentrations. The migration and invasion abilities of A2780 and SK-OV-3 cells were effectively increased by the transfection of pLVX-ILK, which could be abrogated by following this with 48 hours of emodin treatment. Treatment with emodin significantly downregulated the expression of ILK and EMT-related proteins. So, emodin suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells by downregulating ILK in vitro. SK-OV-3/pLVX-Con and SK-OV-3/pLVX-ILK cells were used to generate xenografts in nude mice. Tumors grew more rapidly in the SK-OV-3/pLVX-ILK group compared with the control group, and this could be significantly inhibited by emodin. Also, the expression of E-cadherin was downregulated, while the expression of Slug, MMP-9 and Vimentin were upregulated in the SK-OV-3/pLVX-ILK group, and this could be reversed by following treatment with emodin. Emodin did not demonstrate target toxicity on hepatocytes, nephrocytes and cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Emodin suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion in ovarian cancer by targeting ILK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glioblastoma is the most fatal brain cancer found in humans. Patients suffering from glioblastoma have a dismal prognosis, with a median survival of 15 months. The tumor may develop rapidly de novo in older patients or through progression from anaplastic astrocytomas in younger patients if glioblastoma is primary or secondary, respectively. During the past decade, significant advances have been made in the understanding of processes leading to glioblastoma, and several important genetic defects that appear to be important for the development and progression of this tumor have been identified. Particularly, the discovery of recurrent mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene has shed new light on the molecular landscape in glioblastoma. Indeed, emerging research on the consequences of mutant IDH1 protein expression suggests that its neomorphic enzymatic activity catalyzing the production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate influences a range of cellular programs that affect the epigenome and contribute to glioblastoma development. One of the exciting observations is the presence of IDH1 mutation in the vast majority of secondary glioblastoma, while it is almost absent in primary glioblastoma. Growing data indicate that this particular mutation has clinical and prognostic importance and will become a critical early distinction in diagnosis of glioblastoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible block orders designed by European electricity market is a relatively perfect time-sharing electricity price and clearing mechanism. It allows members to provide bidding form of diversification and individuation according to their own characteristics. This mechanism has features of flexibility, compatibility and expansibility, and can reasonably express the trading demands of various types of market participants, which including energy storage. Therefore, it can be used to solve the problem of market participation model of energy storage. Considering the actual situation in China, block orders are suitable for the daily, weekly and monthly markets to help battery energy storage stations. So that they can obtain low-price electric energy by participating in the medium and long-term electricity market and promote the development of them.

The phase change between periodic signals is regular. Research on the regular phenomenon between periodic signals is helpful to improve the precision of some measurements and develop some new measurement methods. So it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the greatest common factor frequency and the least common multiple period universally existing in periodic signals. The regulation of the quantitative phase shift resolution between periodic signals is presented. The cause of difference in phase characteristics between periodic signals is explained well. In this paper we propose different application prospects based on the regular phenomenon between periodic signals, with focusing on the methods for high precision frequency measurement and transient stability measurement. The experimental results are satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detection resolution is crucial for improvement of the measurement precision in the device and instrument. Because of the limited resolution, a fuzzy area with the truth-value as its center is found during the detection. The finding for improving the measurement precision by the border of fuzzy area is first introduced. The higher resolution can be captured by the higher resolution stability which makes the different detection results of the inner and outer fuzzy area on the border reflected more sensitively between the measure and the reference quantity. The system resolution obtained only depends on the stability of measurement resolution, which is much better than the measurement resolution itself. Based on the finding, the measurement precision can be improved two or three orders of magnitude. The finding can be used in various kinds of high precision measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To determine the predictive value of intraoperative motor⁃evoked potential (MEP) on the muscle strength of patients undergoing glioma close to motor area under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 49 patients were included in this study from October 2019 to March 2020. The transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), direct cortical stimulation (DCS) and subcortical stimulation (SCS) were used to locate the motor cortex and corticospinal tract (CST), and to assess the functional integrity of motor system. A decrease of ≥ 50% of the baseline amplitude of TES or DCS was regarded as an alarm criteria. Muscle strength was evaluated with "gold standard" the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale before and after operation. Results Combined application of TES⁃MEP, DCS⁃MEP and SCS⁃MEP had better results in judging the integrity of motor conduction pathway. The sensitivity and specificity of TES⁃MEP were 2/5 and 100% (44/44), the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 2/2 and 93.62% (44/47), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of DCS⁃MEP were 1/1 and 10/10, the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 1/1 and 10/10, respectively. There were 5 cases (10.20%) with new dyskinesia after operation. After 3 months of follow⁃up, muscle strength of one case returned to normal. The sensitivity and specificity of TES⁃MEP were 2/4 and 100% (45/45), the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 2/2 and 95.74% (45/47), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of DCS⁃MEP were 1/1 and 10/10, the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 1/1 and 10/10, respectively. Conclusions This study indicates a high false negative rate after TES⁃MEP, DCS⁃MEP results were more consistent with postoperative motor function results, but the utilization rate was low due to the lack of exposure to the precentral gyrus cortex. Combined application of TES⁃MEP, DCS⁃MEP and SCS⁃MEP are more effective in judging the integrity of motor conduction pathway. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.11.006

Supramolecular polymers, with their specific functional units and structures, can effectively enhance the absorption and utilization of light energy, thereby facilitating more efficient photocatalytic organic reactions. In the present work, we constructed a supramolecular polymer consisting of benzothiazole derivatives (BTBP) and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). The BTBP monomer, known for its unique chemical structure and properties, has been found to exhibit a remarkable capability in generating singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). As a result of the constraining impact of the macrocyclic molecule, the inclusion of CB[8] resulted in an effective enhancement in the ability to generate 1 O 2 while forming supramolecular polymer BTBP-CB[8]. When evaluating the quantum yield of 1 O 2 using Rose Bengal (RB) as a reference photosensitizer (75% in water), BTBP-CB[8] demonstrated an enhanced 1 O 2 quantum yield compared to BTBP, with an impressive yield of 152.4%, demonstrating that the formation of supramolecular polymer contributes to its ability to generate 1 O 2 . Subsequently, BTBP-CB[8], a highly efficient 1 O 2 generator, was employed for the photocatalytic Minisci alkylation reaction, resulting in an impressive reaction yield of up to 89%. The supramolecular polymer strategies employed in the construction of photocatalytic systems have exhibited remarkable efficacy in the production of 1 O 2 , underscoring their immense prospects in photocatalysis.