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The research explores the impact of basicity on the softening and melting behaviors of limonite laterite nickel ore sinter. With the global decline of sulfide nickel ore resources, the extraction of nickel metal from laterite nickel ores has become a primary method. This study conducts a comprehensive experimental analysis and simulation of the behavioral characteristics of laterite nickel ore sinters and the properties of the soft melting zone to understand its key influencing factors and mechanisms in the blast furnace smelting process. Due to the unique composition of laterite nickel ore sinter, its softening zone position in the blast furnace is generally higher. Increasing the basicity can significantly improve the position and range of the softening zone, and when the basicity reaches 1.3, the permeability of the furnace material is optimal. Simultaneously, increasing the basicity can mitigate the adverse effects of the difficult‐to‐reduce and difficult‐to‐melt substance, chrompicotite, and its reduction products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to achieve the goal of resource utilization of High-Ti vanadium titanomagnetite (High-Ti VTM), the high-temperature sintering characteristics of High-Ti VTM were investigated by micro-sintering experiments, while the effects of different ordinary iron ore dosage and basicity on the sintering process parameters and sinter quality were investigated by sintering pot experiments. The results showed that the TiO2 and SiO2 contents increased gradually with increasing dosage of High-Ti VTM, and the liquid phase fluidity index and binder phase strength increased gradually, while the assimilation temperature and intergranular consolidation strength showed a decreasing trend. With the increase of the dosage of ordinary iron ore, the vertical sintering speed was reduced, while the sinter yield and tumble index gradually increased. As the basicity of the sinter gradually increased, the sintering time and the pulverization degree of the sinter gradually increased and the sinter yield gradually decreased, while the vertical sintering speed and the tumble index both showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The results of the study provide data to support the preparation of sinter with High-Ti VTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vanadium titanomagnetite is an important mineral resource. It is a raw material for ironmaking, vanadium extraction, strategic metal titanium production, and titanium dioxide production. In this study, high chromium vanadium titanomagnetite (High-Cr VTM) and ordinary iron ore were used as raw materials for pelletizing. The effect of V2O5 on the preparation and properties of High-Cr VTM pellets was studied. The influence of V2O5 on the properties of the green pellets, the compressive strength of oxidized pellets, the reduction swelling index and reduction degree, softening-melting behavior, and the migration law of Fe, Ti, and Cr in the reduction process were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that with the increase in V2O5 content, the properties of the green pellets basically showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing but all met the basic requirements of pelletizing. When the added amount of V2O5 in the pellet was 6%, the compressive strength of the oxidized pellet was the lowest at only 2565 N/pellet but it still met the quality requirements for pellets in blast furnace production. As the dosage of V2O5 increased, the reduction swelling index and reduction degree of the pellets showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The addition of V2O5 can increase the softening initial temperature, softening final temperature, melting start temperature, and dripping temperature of the High-Cr VTM pellets, narrowing the softening interval, and expanding the melting dripping interval. The experimental results provided a data reference for revealing the influence of V2O5 on High-Cr VTM pellets during the blast furnace smelting process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, a low-grade vanadiferous titanomagnetite concentrate (LVTC) produced in the northwest area of Liaoning has attracted more and more attention. However, it is difficult to recover and utilize valuable minerals such as iron, titanium, and vanadium, due to their special physical and chemical properties and complex mineral composition. Grinding and magnetic separation are two important operational units for recovering valuable metal components from vanadiferous titanomagnetite. Therefore, the grinding kinetics of the LVTC in northwestern Liaoning were first studied by means of grinding kinetics equations in this paper. The results show that the grinding process of LVTC is consistent with the grinding kinetics equation, and the sieve residues of particles approached a constant value after grinding for 30 min, resulting from equilibrium between the fragmentation and agglomeration processes. In addition, equivalent particle size (EPS) and specific surface area (SSA) were linearly proportional to the double logarithm of grinding time, and the correlation coefficients for fitted data by the Rosin–Rammler–Bennet (RRB) model were slightly higher than those by the Swebrec model, and could reflect the dispersibility and uniformity of particle size distribution (PSD) quantitatively. Then, the grinding products were separated by magnetic separation, and the influence of grinding conditions on the grade and recovery ratio of Fe and TiO2 in the LVTC was analyzed. As a result, grinding time has a significant impact on the recovery ratio and grade of Fe and TiO2 during the magnetic separation process, and the LVTC grinding duration is not as prolonged as it might be, as the optimal grinding time is 20 min. Titanomagnetite, ilmenite, and titanite are still the predominant phases in all magnetic separation products at optimal grinding time, but the intensity or content of these three minerals varies between magnetic separation products, and 232 kA/m magnetic field intensity has a higher separation efficiency than 134 kA/m magnetic field intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the iron and steel industry, improving the usage amount of New Zealand sea sand ore as a raw material for ironmaking can reduce the production costs of iron and steel enterprises to a certain extent. In this paper, the New Zealand sea sand ore without any grinding pretreatment was used as raw material, oxidized pellets were prepared by using a disc pelletizer, and the experimental conditions for preparing oxidized pellets were investigated and optimized. The effects of binder dosages, roasting temperature and roasting time on the properties of pellets were mainly investigated, and the effects of roasting temperature and roasting time on the microstructure of oxidized pellets was discussed by researching XRD patterns and SEM-EDS. With the increase of binder dosages, the drop strength of green pellets and the compressive strength of oxidized pellets were gradually increased. With the increase of roasting temperature and roasting time, the compressive strength of oxidized pellets increased gradually. When the amount of New Zealand sea sand ore was increased to 40–50%, the optimal process conditions for the preparation of oxidized pellets were as follows: the dosage of binder was 1.5%, the roasting temperature was 1200 °C, and the roasting time was 20 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the iron and steel industry, improving the usage amount of New Zealand sea sand ore as a raw material for ironmaking can reduce the production costs of iron and steel enterprises to a certain extent. In this paper, New Zealand sea sand ore without any grinding pretreatment was used as a raw material, oxidized pellets were prepared by using a disc pelletizer, and the effect of sea sand ore on the performance of green pellets and the metallurgical properties of oxidized pellets was investigated. The effects of sea sand ore on the compressive strength, falling strength, compressive strength of oxidized pellets, and reduction performance were mainly investigated. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis methods were used to discuss the influence of sea sand ore on the microstructure of the pellets' oxidation and reduction process. As the amount of sea sand ore used increased, the compressive strength of green pellets was gradually decreased, and the falling strength of green pellets and the compressive strength of oxidized pellets were gradually increased. When the amount of sea sand ore used was 40%, the reduction swelling index of pellets was 16.31%. The increase of sea sand ore used made the reduction of pellets suppressed and the reduction rate decreased. When the amount of sea sand ore used increased to 40%, the reduction degree of sea sand ore pellets was only 60.06%. The experimental results in this paper provide specific experimental data for the large-scale application of New Zealand sea sand ore in the blast furnace ironmaking process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The chlorination agents and the separation of metal chlorides were summarized. • The chlorination metallurgy mechanisms were introduced in detail. • The application of chlorination metallurgy was introduced. • The thermodynamic feasibility of treating ores by chlorination metallurgy was also analyzed. As a very effective metallurgical method for processing complex metal minerals, Chlorination metallurgy has been widely used in the metallurgical industry. In this paper, the chlorination agents used in the process of chlorination metallurgy were summarized as gaseous chlorination agents and solid chlorination agents. the advantages and disadvantages of each of them were compared and analyzed, and the main mechanisms involved in the process of chlorination roasting and chloride separation were discussed and analyzed, respectively; The research results of related scholars on chlorination metallurgy were summarized, and the application progress on sulfide ores, oxidized ores, wolframite concentrates and rare earth ores was introduced in detail, and from the perspective of thermodynamics, the feasibility of treating complex metal ores with chlorination metallurgy was analyzed, in order to provide some help and reference for the subsequent research and application of chlorination metallurgy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]