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Background: In 2016, we initiated a quality improvement endeavor to increase pediatric heart offer acceptance. This study assessed the effect of these interventions at our center., Methods: We evaluted pre- and postimplementation cohorts (January 1, 2008-December 31, 2016 vs January 1, 2017-July 1, 2023) comparing donor heart utilization. Six interventions were iterated over time to increase offer acceptance ("extended criteria"): ABO-incompatible transplant, ex vivo perfusion for distanced donors, 3-dimensional total cardiac volume (TCV) assessment, acceptance of hepatitis-C or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infected donors, and institutional culture change favoring consideration of donors previously considered unacceptable. Outcomes studied included annual HT volume, median waitlist duration, sequence number at acceptance, and post-transplant clinical outcomes., Results: During the study period, annual transplant volume increased from 16/year to 25/year pre- and postimplementation. Three hundred thirteen of 389 (80%) listed patients were transplanted. Waitlist duration shortened postimplementation (p = 0.01), as did the percentage of accepted heart offers utilizing at least 1 extended criterion (p < 0.001). Institutional culture change and TCV assessment had the largest impact on donor heart utilization (p = 0.04 and p < 0.001). There was no difference in post-HT intubation or intensive care unit days (p = 0.05-0.9), though post-transplant hospitalization duration (p < 0.001) increased. Post-transplant survival was unaffected by the use of extended criteria hearts (p = 0.3)., Conclusions: We report a successful longitudinal, multifaceted effort to increase organ offer utilization, with institutional culture change and TCV assessments most impactful. The use of extended criteria hearts was not associated with inferior survival., (Copyright © 2024 International Society for the Heart and Lung Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Context: The symptom profile of children dying from cardiac disease, especially heart failure, differs from those with cancer and other non-cardiac conditions. Treatment with vasoactive infusions at home may be a superior therapy for symptom control for these patients, rather than traditional pain and anxiety management with morphine and benzodiazepines., Objectives: We report our experience using outpatient milrinone in children receiving hospice care for end-stage heart failure., Methods: Retrospective review of a contemporary cohort of all patients at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford who were discharged on intravenous milrinone and hospice care between 2008 and 2021. Clinical data, including cardiac diagnosis, milrinone dose and route of administration, total milrinone days, symptoms reported, rehospitalization rates, concurrent therapies and complications were analyzed., Results: Among 8 patients, median duration of home milrinone infusion was 191 (33, 572) days with the longest support duration 1,054 days. All (100%) patients were also receiving diuretics at the time of death. Five (63%) were receiving no other pain control medications until the active phase of dying. From milrinone initiation to last outpatient assessment, a reduction in the number of patients reporting respiratory discomfort, abdominal pain, weight loss/lack of appetite, and fatigue was observed. Six (75%) died at home., Conclusion: We used milrinone with oral diuretics effectively for symptom control in children with heart failure on palliative care. Our experience was that this combination can be used safely in the outpatient setting for long-term use without the addition of opiates, benzodiazepines, or supplemental oxygen in most cases., (Copyright © 2022 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To present emerging models for oncology health professionals to consider when coordinating cancer care among professionals, beginning as early as initial professional education and training and continuing along the cancer continuum to include cancer treatment and psychosocial support., Data Sources: Journal articles indexed on the National Library of Medicine database and personal communications with oncology colleagues., Conclusion: Interprofessional collaboration is becoming increasingly important in the specialty of oncology. The complexity of new therapies and their associated side-effect profiles benefit from a collaborative, interprofessional approach to the care of the patient with cancer. Additionally, oncology patients can benefit from interprofessional collaboration across the complexities of the care continuum., Implications for Nursing Practice: Oncology nurses are often in roles that can facilitate interprofessional collaboration, optimizing the care of patients with cancer., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

There are limited published data on pediatric organ donation rates. The aim of this study was to describe the trends in pediatric organ donation over time and to assess the regional variation in pediatric deceased organ donation. OPTN data were utilized to assess the trends in pediatric organ donation over time. The number of deceased pediatric organ donors was indexed using regional mortality data obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics and compared across UNOS regions and two different eras. The number of pediatric deceased organ donors has declined in the recent era, largely driven by fewer adolescent donors. For all age groups, there is significant regional variation in organ donation rates, with identifiable high- and low-performing regions. Expansion of the donor pool may be possible by optimizing organ donation in regions demonstrating lower recruitment of pediatric donors. Using the region with the highest donation rate for each age group as the gold standard, we estimate a potential 24% increase in the number of donors if all regions performed comparably, equating to 215 new pediatric donors annually., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

In vivo- and in vitro-synthesized RNA from the murine plasmacytoma MOPC-315 was found to hybridize to all regions of a 7.2-kilobase-pair intracisternal A-particle (IAP) gene. IAP-specific transcripts were also detected in mouse Ltk- cells, but not in cells derived from normal tissues (kidney, liver, spleen) of 6-week-old BALB/c mice. Three RNA species of 7.2, 5.3, and 3.8 kilobases were identified by Northern blot analysis of MOPC-315 polyadenylated RNA. The 7.2- and 5.3-kilobase transcripts were found in greater levels in nuclear as compared with whole cell RNA, suggesting the involvement of one or more of the following mechanisms: RNA processing, preferential nuclear transport, or differential RNA stability. We show that the primary IAP transcript is initiated within the long terminal repeat by hybridization analysis with restriction digests of cloned IAP DNA and [gamma-S]pppApNp ... RNA synthesized in nuclei with [gamma-S]ATP as the RNA initiating probe. Low concentrations of alpha-amanitin (2 micrograms/ml) inhibited IAP RNA synthesis by greater than 90%, suggesting that RNA polymerase II is responsible for IAP transcription.