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Introduction: Transfusion plays a main role in supportive treatment for patients who receive an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this study, we compare the transfusion requirements of patients undergoing different modalities of HSCT according to different time periods. The objective is to assess the evolution of HSCT transfusion requirements over time, from a single institution. Methods: The clinical charts and transfusion records of patients who underwent HSCT of different modalities at La Fe University Hospital during a twelve-year period were reviewed (2009–2020). For analysis, we divided the overall time into three periods: 1 from 2009 to 2012, 2 from 2013 to 2016 and 3 from 2017 to 2020. The study included 855 consecutive adult HSCT: 358 HLA-matched related donors (MRD), 134 HLA-matched unrelated donors (MUD), 223 umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) and 140 haploidentical transplants (Haplo-HSCT). Results: There were no significant differences in RBC and PLT requirements or transfusion independence among the three time periods for MUD and Haplo-HSCT. However, the transfusion burden increased significantly for MRD HSCT during the 2017–2020 period. Conclusion: despite HSCT modalities having evolved and changed over time, overall transfusion requirements have not significantly decreased and continue to be a cornerstone of transplantation-supportive care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological well-being is a good predictor of several health outcomes in cardiovascular disease patients (adherence, quality of life, and healthy behaviors). The perception of health control and a positive orientation seem to have a beneficial effect on health and well-being. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of the health locus of control and positivity in the psychological well-being and quality of life of cardiovascular patients. A total of 593 cardiac outpatients completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, the Positivity Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline (January 2017) and 9 m later (follow-up; n = 323). A Spearman rank correlation coefficient and a structural equation modeling approach were determined to explore the relationships between those variables both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. A cross-sectional correlation analysis at baseline revealed that the internal health locus of control and positivity were negatively associated with anxiety (rs = −0.15 and −0.44, ps < 0.01) and depression (rs = −0.22 and −0.55, ps < 0.01) and positively associated with health-related quality of life (rs = 0.16 and 0.46, ps < 0.01). Similar outcomes were found at follow-up and in longitudinal correlations. According to the path analysis, positivity was found to be negatively associated with anxiety and depression level at baseline (β = −0.42 and −0.45, ps < 0.001). Longitudinally, positivity was negatively associated with depression (β = 0.15, p < 0.01) and together with the internal health locus of control, was positively associated with health-related quality of life (β = 0.16 and 0.10, respectively, ps < 0.05). These findings suggest that focusing on the health locus of control and especially positivity may be crucial in enhancing the psychological well-being of patients in the context of cardiac care. The potential impact of these results on future interventions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: encephalitis; myositis; stem cell transplant; toxoplasmosis EN encephalitis myositis stem cell transplant toxoplasmosis 1 2 2 08/17/23 20230801 NES 230801 CASE DESCRIPTION A 54-year-old female patient on day +90 after an allogeneic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for a myelodysplastic neoplasm presents a severe weight loss (>25% with respect to baseline) and episodic confusional state. Encephalitis, myositis, stem cell transplant, toxoplasmosis. [Extracted from the article]

The present study analyses the presence of multiple employment in the collective of university graduates in Physical Activity and Sports Science, as well as the existence of a market segmentation within the different niches of sports employment and their relation to multiple employment. It is a transversal study in which a non-probability convenience sampling method was applied, with a total sample of 1,130 people. The results show the existence of market segmentation as a function of the professional scope (teaching, management, health, competition and out-of-school) due to the working conditions characteristic of each area, resulting in either primary markets with optimal conditions, or secondary markets characterised by instability and working precariousness. This segmentation is accompanied by a higher multiple employment rate in the scopes considered within the secondary market, linked to insecurity and the need for higher income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Job satisfaction is the favourable or unfavourable subjective feeling through which workers perceive their job. Numerous studies show the significant relationship between job satisfaction, motivation, performance and the quality of services. Thereby, the success of a sports organization depends upon the internal client to a great extent. However, job satisfaction an important subjective emotional variable that has been poorly evaluated in the sports sector. The aim of this study was to compare five professional profiles with a degree in Physical Activity and Sports Science, through the Herzberg's theory of job satisfaction. The sample consisted of 974 university graduates from the entire Spanish territory with a degree in Physical Activity and Sports Science who had a relevant position in this field (69.8% men; 30.2% women), of whom more than half were in the age groups of 26 to 30 years (33.8%) and 31 to 35 years (23.4%). Based on the findings of this study, there were differences in job satisfaction between workers of Physical Activity and Sports Science according to the professional scope (teaching, management, fitness, training/high performance and other scopes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new job opportunities that resulted from the growth of the sports industry, due to the impact of sports on society and the increase of sports practice, along with the concern about the influence of such practice on health, have led experts in this field to demand the professionalization of the sector. Thereby, a regulatory development is being carried out, which, although at the regional level, recognises the professions of sports, determining the official academic titles or professional qualifications required for the professional practice and assigning to each profession its corresponding functional scope. Despite the fact that the affiliation rate of the Professional Association of Graduates in Physical Activity and Sports Science does not exceed 15% of the university graduates in Spain, such rate has increased in the last years. As an example, in Andalusia, the number of members has doubled in the last four years. This increase in affiliation may be a reflection of the professionalization process that the sports sector has been experiencing. The aim of this study was to determine the professional profile of graduates with a university degree in Physical Activity and Sports Science. As the main results, there continues to be a higher percentage of men who opt to take these courses, most of them have complementary training/education and there is a high percentage of multiple employment, that is, they combine more than one job, although teaching is still the most popular profession of choice. However, the percentage of graduates who choose teaching as a career is decreasing, which could be due to the diversification of the sector and of the sports professions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyse the sources of employment for university graduates in Physical Activity and Sport Science through a gender-based comparative study. With this objective, in 2013, a questionnaire was administered to total of 1,000 university graduates in Physical Activity and Sport Science from Catalan universities. The results indicate that there is no direct discrimination in working conditions, for a same position women and men share similar conditions. However, an indirect discrimination has been detected as a result of the social and cultural burden that affects the preferences of women when accessing and choosing a particular insertion field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews the evolution of the Sport Psychology, from its full inclusion in the disciplines of study of the sports phenomenon, to the variability of studies that are currently being developed in this field. The previous researches carried out, the international recognition, and the consolidation of Sport Psychology as scientific research field are reviewed. At the same time, the interdisciplinary nature is reflected through José María Cagigal, who during his career studied the connection of psycho-pedagogical knowledge as a phenomenon immersed and intrinsic to sports. That evolution has lasted to the present maintaining the classic variables of study in high performance sports, such as the motivation or the anxiety; but also introducing new fields of study such as health and / or the promotion of physical activity; all without forgetting the importance of establishing a good connection between research and application, and without losing the scientific rigor of validation and reliability both in the works carried out and in the instruments used in research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the consolidation of the psychology of sport as an independent scientific discipline at an international level, a great advance was developed that also favoured the consolidation of the applied field and the intervention, into two distinct politicalgeographic areas: the Eastern countries and the Western block. In both the performances began with the elite sport, and the figure of the psychologist as a member of the sports teams. In 1979 the publication of Rainer Martens' article On Jackets and Jocks (Martens, 1979) mobilized the reflection of both researchers and applied psychologists. From its publication to the present day, this text became a reference text, especially when it came to direct interventions with athletes, and led to a reflection on the methodological difference between research and direct intervention. However, previously, in 1987, Martens himself had recommended and warned of the need to establish links between both spheres, academic and applied, to strengthen and give consistency to the psychology of sport (Garcia-Ucha and Martinez, 2014). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This 45-year study (1978-2022) at a single institution evaluated HSCT outcomes and complications, emphasizing recent advances, with to provide insights into HSCT's evolving field and ongoing efforts to enhance patient outcomes. Involving 1707 patients, the study revealed an initial phase (1978-1987) with a limited activity that yielded modest outcomes, a nearly three-decade span (1988-2016) with a substantial increase in transplant activity, emphasizing umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) for patients lacking a suitable matched sibling donor. In addition to a gradual increase in recipient age, significant improvement in outcomes emerged in the recent period (2017-2022), marked by UCBT replacement with haploidentical transplants, introduction of PTCY-based GVHD prophylaxis for all type of transplants, and increased use of conditioning regimens with thiotepa, busulfan, and fludarabine. In this period, reductions in GVHD, non-relapse mortality, and relapse rates significantly contributed to improved overall survival, event-free survival, and GVHD-free/relapse-free survival. The study identified specific factors, including GVHD prophylaxis and donor selection changes, associated with these positive trends. This four-decade study provides a unique perspective on allogeneic HSCT, showcasing the dynamic evolution of transplantation practices and their impact on outcomes, offering valuable insights for personalized treatment approaches and emphasizing continual innovation in this critical therapeutic modality., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)