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We study the pre-equilibrium dipole response in the charge-asymmetric reaction Sn132+Ni58 at Elab=10 MeV/A, within a semi-classical transport model employing effective interactions for the nuclear mean-field. In particular, we adopt the recently introduced SAMi-J Skyrme interactions, whose parameters are specifically tuned to improve the description of spin–isospin properties of nuclei. Within the same framework, we also discuss pre-equilibrium nucleon emission. Our results show that both mechanisms, i.e., pre-equilibrium dipole oscillations and nucleon emission, are sensitive to the symmetry energy below the saturation density ρ0 (in the range 0.6ρ0−ρ0), to the momentum dependence of the mean-field potential and to the nucleon–nucleon cross section. Finally, a correlation analysis is applied to examine the impact of the model parameters on observables of experimental interest.

Abstract The MEG II experiment, based at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland, reports the result of a search for the decay $$\upmu ^+ \rightarrow {\textrm{e}}^+ \upgamma $$ μ + → e + γ from data taken in the first physics run in 2021. No excess of events over the expected background is observed, yielding an upper limit on the branching ratio of $${\mathcal {B}} (\upmu ^+ \rightarrow {\textrm{e}}^+ \upgamma ) < 7.5 \times 10^{-13}$$ B ( μ + → e + γ ) < 7.5 × 10 - 13 (90% CL). The combination of this result and the limit obtained by MEG gives $${\mathcal {B}} (\upmu ^+ \rightarrow {\textrm{e}}^+ \upgamma ) < 3.1 \times 10^{-13}$$ B ( μ + → e + γ ) < 3.1 × 10 - 13 (90% CL), which is the most stringent limit to date. A ten-fold larger sample of data is being collected during the years 2022–2023, and data-taking will continue in the coming years.

Статтю присвячено дослідженню у порівняльному аспекті процесу доказування у цивільному судочинстві та нотаріальному провадженні, специфічних рис елементів доказування у нотаріальному процесі, особливостей правил визначення фактичного матеріалу, що підлягає встановленню при вчиненні конкретної нотаріальної дії, та подання доказів на їх підтвердження. Висвітлюється сутність наукової дискусії процесуалістів щодо визначення поняття доказування, його елементів та суб’єктів, обов’язків доказування. На підставі аналізу висловлених у науці цивільного процесуального права позицій авторів, що обґрунтовують протилежні підходи до зазначених питань, визначається, що підґрунтям цієї наукової дискусії є розбіжності поглядів на суд як суб’єкт доказування. Визнається, що наповнення термінів «доказування» та «доведення» різним змістом не представляється переконливим, не базується на чинному процесуальному законодавстві і не відповідає інтересам правозастосовної практики. Доводиться, що виключення суду з суб’єктів доказування (навіть стосовно такого елементу як збирання доказів) суперечить правилам доказування, закріпленим у чинному цивільному процесуальному законодавстві. Висновується, що цивільному судочинству властиві такі елементи доказування як вказівка на факти, визначення доказів, збирання доказів, дослідження доказів, оцінка доказів. При цьому склад суб’єктів доцільно визначати не для усього процесу доказування в цілому, а окремо для кожного із зазначених елементів. Наприклад, суд не є суб’єктом подання доказів, але є суб’єктом дослідження та оцінки доказів. Доказування у нотаріальному процесі розглядається як процесуальна діяльність нотаріальних органів та заінтересованих суб’єктів нотаріального провадження, спрямована на встановлення юридичних фактів, необхідних для постановлення законного та обґрунтованого нотаріального акта. Обґрунтовується, що встановлення наявності або відсутності певних юридичних фактів, з якими пов’язана можливість застосування відповідної норми, здійснюється лише в межах процесу доказування, за особливими правилами, що передбачають права та обов’язки суб’єктів нотаріального провадження щодо подання, дослідження та оцінки доказів, і мають суттєві відмінності від подібних правил у цивільному процесі внаслідок безспірного характеру нотаріальної діяльності.

У сучасному світі, що швидко розвивається, де інформаційні технології стають неодмінною складовою суспільного життя, поняття «цифрова доба» набуває особливого значення. Ця епоха характеризується прагматичним використанням цифрових технологій у всіх сферах господарсь­кої, соціальної та культурної діяльності. В такому контексті, важливим аспектом функціонування сучасного суспільства є право інтелектуаль­ної власності, яке в цифрову добу набуває нові виклики та можливості. Право інтелектуальної власності визнає та за­хищає інтелектуальні та творчі досягнення осо­би чи колективу, надаючи їм право власності та контролю над цими досягненнями. Важливим є те, що право інтелектуальної власності сприяє стимулюванню творчості та інновацій, оскільки воно надає власникам інтелектуальних прав відповідні економічні стимули. Зростання використання цифрових техно­логій і Інтернету викликає ряд нових питань і викликів, пов'язаних з правами інтелектуальної власності. З одного боку, цифрова доба створює унікальні можливості для створення, розповсюд­ження і використання інтелектуальної власності, приводячи до нових форм творчості та підтримки культурного обміну. З іншого боку, вона пород­жує проблеми щодо контролю, захисту та відтво­рення цієї власності у цифровому середовищі, зокрема, зростанням піратства та порушення ав­торських прав. В цифрову добу право інтелектуальної влас­ності стає основою для інновацій, технологічного розвитку та культурного обміну. Розуміння його функцій, викликів та перспектив є важливим завданням для подальшого розвитку суспільства у цифровому віці. У цьому контексті досліджен­ня висвітлює ключові аспекти і розв'язання проблеми права інтелектуальної власності в цифро­ву добу, зокрема, роль правових норм, заходів захисту, інновацій та співпраці на міжнародному рівні.

The article aims at performing the geoinformation analysis of natural factors and an assessment of their impact on the development of landslide processes in the region of the Folded Carpathians (in the Transcarpathian region) by engineering and geological zoning. The following research materials and methods were used in the study: cadastre of landslides of the Transcarpathian region (SRDE “Geoinform of Ukraine”) for the period of activation in 1980, 1998-2001; cartographic information on hydrography, tectonic structure, data from weather stations in the region. The performed geoinformation analysis using QGIS tools made it possible to calculate the impact of landslides on separate engineering and geological areas, districts, the distance from landslides to the base of erosion, faults, earthquake epicenters, the performed statistical analysis using the Statistica program quantitatively assessed the influence of natural factors on the development of landslides. The factor analysis established that the high susceptibility to landslides of the low-mountain massifs of the Vododil-Verkhovyna Carpathians (Ж-3) and the medium-altitude Polonyna-Chornohora and RakhivChvvchyn ranges (Ж-4) could be explained by the combined influence of geomorphology (absolute elevations, slope steepness, undercutting of slopes by river erosion). In addition, the region (Ж-4) is significantly influenced by tectonic and seismic factors (landslides develop in the zones affected by tectonic faults and near the centers of earthquakes), while atmospheric precipitation plays the role of a trigger factor. The considered factors explain 68-77% of the reasons for the development of landslide processes. It can be assumed that the remaining proportion is related to the geological structure (the presence of two-component clay flysch) and the influence of manmade factors (deforestation, trimming of slopes during the construction of roads, construction of communications, structures, etc.)

У статті, на основі вивчення норм вітчизняного законодавства, аналізу практики розслідування кримінальних проступків, а також наукових праць відповідної тематики визначено правову основу діяльності підрозділів дізнання, їхні функції, права, обов’язки та повноваження. Зосереджено увагу на найбільш проблемних аспектах процесуального статусу суб’єктів, уповноважених розслідувати кримінальні проступки. Акцентовано, що положення щодо наділення уповноваженої особи інших підрозділів повноваженнями здійснювати дізнання викладені без урахування принципу правової визначеності (ст. 8 Конституції України). Наголошено, що положеннями ст. 19 та 92 Конституції України передбачене визначення організації і діяльності органів досудового розслідування виключно законами України, водночас ключовим регулятором діяльності підрозділів дізнання у системі НП України є підзаконний нормативно-правовий акт, а Закон України «Про Національну поліцію» окремо не визначає питання організації і діяльності підрозділів дізнання НП України. Звернуто увагу на неузгодженість норм КПК, що закріплюють повноваження дізнавачів в частині можливості проведення слідчих (розшукових) дій, зокрема п. 3 ч. 2 ст. 401 КПК України фіксує повноваження дізнавача проводити або доручати їх проведення іншим суб’єктам, водночас окремі статті КПК України прямо не передбачають право дізнавача звертатися з клопотанням про проведення, наприклад, обшуку, адже у ч. 3 ст. 234 КПК України дізнавач не згадується як суб’єкт, який може звертатися до слідчого судді з відповідним клопотанням (як слідчий або прокурор). Констатовано, що на практиці це призводить до неоднозначної позиції слідчих суддів у задоволенні таких клопотань. Зроблено висновок про те, правове урегулювання діяльності суб’єктів, уповноважених на здійснення дізнання, наразі потребує вдосконалення передусім шляхом внесення змін до законодавчих актів, що визначають процесуальний статус зазначених осіб.

Статтю присвячено дослідженню проблемних аспектів визначення системи та компетенції нотаріальних органів та характеристиці особливостей нотаріальної процесуальної правосуб’єктності нотаріуса (іншого нотаріального органу) як обов’язкового суб’єкта нотаріальних процесуальних правовідносин. Наголошується, що система суб’єктів нотаріальних процесуальних правовідносин відрізняється від системи суб’єктів нотаріального права, адже складається у межах нотаріального провадження щодо вчинення нотаріальних дій. Обґрунтовується, що нотаріальна процесуальна правосуб’єктність має самостійний характер і не є складовою частиною або проявом цивільної правосуб’єктності, а представляє собою єдність її структурних елементів: правоздатності та дієздатності. При цьому у різних учасників процесуальних правовідносин правосуб’єктність не є тотожною, позаяк вони володіють неоднаковими за обсягом та характером правами та обов’язками. Нотаріус (інший нотаріальний орган) розглядається як обов’язковий суб’єкт нотаріальних процесуальних правовідносин, що володіє специфічною правосуб’єктністю і особливим правовим становищем. Висвітлюються особливості правового статусу нотаріуса (іншого нотаріального органу), зумовлені необхідністю реалізації юрисдикційних функцій та наявністю правозастосовних повноважень як щодо визначення процесуального порядку вчинення нотаріальних дій (наприклад, залучення заінтересованих осіб, витребування та оцінка доказів, зупинення або відкладення вчинення нотаріальної дії тощо), так і постановлення нотаріального акту, який фіксує результати їх вчинення. Доводиться, що покладаючи на нотаріальні органи функцію вчинення нотаріальних дій, держава наділяє нотаріуса реальними владними (але не управлінськими) повноваженнями, і через це правосуб’єктність нотаріуса володіє своєрідним змістом і проявляється у компетенції, зміст якої складають повноваження на вчинення нотаріальних дій. Крім того, у нотаріальному процесі для нотаріуса можлива і належна поведінка співпадає, оскільки нотаріус одночасно має право та зобов’язаний вчинити певну процесуальну дію за наявності умов, передбачених законодавством. Констатується необхідність належного законодавчого врегулювання змін системи та компетенції нотаріальних органів як суб’єктів нотаріального процесу.

Underwater wireless sensor nodes comprise hundreds to thousands of battery-operated sensor nodes with limited bandwidth. These networks are employed to transmit the data with enhanced quality of service (QoS). However, efficient data routing is the most challenging obstacle in many underwater applications. To solve the issues in underwater sensor nodes, the hybridized cluster-based geographical opportunistic routing protocol with distance vector establishment has been proposed to transmit the data efficiently. Primarily, the proposed methodology finds out the shortest path with minimal hop count whereas the void node can be updated with infinite hop count. Thereafter, the sleep/wake scheduling and waiting mechanism and periodic beaconing algorithm are incorporated into the proposed model to attain a higher packet delivery ratio with minimal energy consumption. This proper scheduling and optimal cluster routing enhance the continuous data transmission in underwater applications. The simulation result reveals that the proposed method achieves better energy efficiency and higher network lifetime when compared with the existing clustering methods.

Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted at scales ranging from tens to hundreds of meters, results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchanges are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that is expected across a river basin. Indeed, the conceptual model of Wondzell (2011) predicts systematic variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in baseflow over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies including a synoptic campaign in the 5th-order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA) and replicate-in-time experiments in four watersheds. We interpret the data using a series of metrics describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters to the larger main stem. However, we did not find systematic variation with changes in discharge through time or with local geomorphic setting. While interpretation of our results is complicated by problems with the analytical methods, the results are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system. Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of tracer test results and help the hyporheic community develop robust datasets that will enable comparisons across multiple sites and/or discharge conditions.

A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low-discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st- through 5th-order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019).

Phase 1 of the Colorado Plateau Coring Project (CPCP-I) recovered a total of over 850 m of stratigraphically overlapping core from three coreholes at two sites in the Early to Middle and Late Triassic age largely fluvial Moenkopi and Chinle formations in Petrified Forest National Park (PFNP), northeastern Arizona, USA. Coring took place during November and December of 2013 and the project is now in its post-drilling science phase. The CPCP cores have abundant detrital zircon-producing layers (with survey LA-ICP-MS dates selectively resampled for CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb ages ranging in age from at least 210 to 241 Ma), which together with their magnetic polarity stratigraphy demonstrate that a globally exportable timescale can be produced from these continental sequences and in the process show that a prominent gap in the calibrated Phanerozoic record can be filled. The portion of core CPCP-PFNP13-1A for which the polarity stratigraphy has been completed thus far spans ∼ 215 to 209 Ma of the Late Triassic age, and strongly validates the longer Newark-Hartford Astrochronostratigraphic-calibrated magnetic Polarity Time-Scale (APTS) based on cores recovered in the 1990s during the Newark Basin Coring Project (NBCP).Core recovery was ∼ 100 % in all holes (Table 1). The coreholes were inclined ∼ 60–75° approximately to the south to ensure azimuthal orientation in the nearly flat-lying bedding, critical to the interpretation of paleomagentic polarity stratigraphy. The two longest of the cores (CPCP-PFNP13-1A and 2B) were CT-scanned in their entirety at the University of Texas High Resolution X-ray CT Facility in Austin, TX, and subsequently along with 2A, all cores were split and processed at the CSDCO/LacCore Facility, in Minneapolis, MN, where they were scanned for physical property logs and imaging. While remaining the property of the Federal Government, the archive half of each core is curated at the NSF-sponsored LacCore Core Repository and the working half is stored at the Rutgers University Core Repository in Piscataway, NJ, where the initial sampling party was held in 2015 with several additional sampling events following. Additional planned study will recover the rest of the polarity stratigraphy of the cores as additional zircon ages, sedimentary structure and paleosol facies analysis, stable isotope geochemistry, and calibrated XRF core scanning are accomplished. Together with strategic outcrop studies in Petrified Forest National Park and environs, these cores will allow the vast amount of surface paleontological and paleoenvironmental information recorded in the continental Triassic of western North America to be confidently placed in a secure context along with important events such as the giant Manicouagan impact at ∼ 215.5 Ma (Ramezani et al., 2005) and long wavelength astronomical cycles pacing global environmental change and trends in atmospheric gas composition during the dawn of the dinosaurs.

The article presents the results of studies aimed at characterictics of quantitative and qualitative composition of aboriginal consortium of microorganisms from coal mines dumps of Lviv-Volynsky coal-basin with different storage time. The defined qualitative composition of substrates’ microbiocenosis does not depend on the storage time, because it builds up in a course of substrates’ formation and is defined by already established chemical and mineralogical composition of the dumps. It was confirmed that he­terotrophic and acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria, namely mesophilic and mode­rately thermophilic genera Acidithiobacillus and Sulfobacillus, are present in the aboriginal consortium of substrates from coal mines dumps. Isolation of the acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria from substrates with neutral pH (from the dumps under study) proves that spreading of these bacteria is much wider than that of naturally aci­dic ecosystems. It was stated that the neutrophilic thionic and sulphate-reducing bacteria are present in the composition of the microbial association of the studied dumps. The existence of sporulated “silicate” bacteria capable of breaking quartz in the heterotrophic component of microbiocenosis was also confirmed. The study proved that representatives of different groups of microorganisms of the aboriginal microbiota prevail quantitatively in the dumps with long storage time. This is a consequence of substrates’ transformations in a course of storage under the exposure to exogenous factors that, in their turn, leads to a greater display of biocenosis in the substrates.

The influence of bryocommunities on the chemical composition of technogenic dumps substrates was studied. It was established that on the investigated dumps, the total nitrogen content under the mosses exceedes its content in the substrate without plants. The microclimatic conditions on the dumps area affected the accumulation of nitrogen: in the conditions of great intensity of the solar radiation and moisture deficiency the content of nutrients decreased. Moss cover settling on the anthropogenic transformed territories influences on succession processes and contri­butes their renaturalization: positively influences on the enrichment of the surface layer of nutrients, in particular nitrogen and accumulating heavy metals removed them from their biogeochemical cycle, thus, reduced the toxicity of the substrate. Accumulation of pollutants in mosses corroborates their role as informative indicators of the environment pollution.

Influence of the bryophyte cover on water and temperature regimes of technogenic substrates of the rock dumps was investigated. It was established that moisture content in the substrate under the moss turf increased and the temperature mostly decreased compared with the technogenic soil without moss cover in summer. Water regime of substrate on the studied areas depended on position on the dump and higher degree of overgrowing by vascular plants. It is noted that under the impact of the negative factors of transformed environment (of high temperature and high light intensity, moisture deficiency) phenolic compounds, free proline and soluble sugars content in moss gametophyte increased. In the changing conditions of existence protection mechanisms of mosses implemented primarily through active synthesis of free proline and phenols. The number of carbohydrates in plant tissue changed with little difference: probably, their action was offset by other biologically active connections (for example, free proline). Iminoacid content in plants Ceratodon purpureus depended both on the water and temperature regime in substrate and other abiotic stress factors of environment. The content of phenolic compounds was the largest on the terrace of dump Central Enrichment Factory under high temperature of technozem and significant influence of the sunlight.

The question of managing of financial liquidity is relevant for the future development of any enterprise.The improvement of the financial security of small enterprises has a positive impact through cooperation within procurement groups.It is determined that the procurement group represents a specific form of association of small and medium-sized businesses for the purpose of conducting joint purchases.Such associations have been operating successfully in many countries of the world for a long time, Poland is no exception, whose experience may be useful for Ukraine. It was found out that trade credit is a commodity form of a loan provided by sellers to buyers in the form of a delay in payment forsold goods, provided services. The purpose of the study is to analyze and determine the role of trade credit and risk management of receivables within the framework of implemented trade policy of purchasing groups. This article explores the peculiarities of the activity and focuses on the issues of trade credit management at Polish enterprises that cooperate in purchasing groups. There were monitored 28 Polish trade enterprises operating in the construction industry for 2014—2016. Also there were analyze the mechanism of the influence of the company within the procurement group on the construction of a competitive advantage. It is proved that in many countries a significant part of the current funding working capital needs covered through trade credit, which is an important instrument of trade policy within the framework of competition in the market.After all, the company has the opportunity to receive discounts on early repayment of obligations and use of the maximum term of the credit. It is proved that commercial credit is the cheapest source of financing for a company's assets, and the creation of a commercial credit management strategy is based on liability management policy.There are three main strategies for managing receivables: conservative, aggressive and moderate.The analysis shows a moderate conservative strategy for Polish companies operating in procurement groups and using discounts for early repayment of their obligations before suppliers.

The influence of biogenic surfactants on the morphometric and oxidative characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii) during its growth on waste dump substrates of coal mines was investigated. It was found that presowing seed treatment with biosurfactants solutions – rhamnolipid biocomplex (RBC) or trehalose lipid surfactants (TL) – improved growth and oxidative parameters of plants, indicating the increase of sorghum resistance to adverse growing conditions. The best results were achieved when sorghum was grown on red substrate: shoots mass was increased in 2.20 times with RBC and in 1.19 times with TL, the root mass – in 2.30 and 1.71 times. Changes in antioxidant indicators of plants suggested the reducing of negative impact of unfavorable environmental factors of waste dumps. The content of malonicdialdehyde in sorghum on the red substrate was reduced by 15 % with RBC and 11% with TL and on the black substrate indicators were within the control levels. Рhenols content on the black substrate was increased in variants with RBC – by 141 % or with TL – by 184 % relatively to control. The content of H2O2 on the red substrate was reduced – by 11 % with RBC and by 10 % with TL, on the black substrate was within the control. The reducing of phytotoxicity of waste dumps of coal mines after sorghum growth (from highest to middle level) was shown. Obtained results showed the perspectives of application of sorghum and biosurfactants for the phytoremediation of the technogenic affected soils.

The paper discusses the use of polymer clays for casting in forensic trace evidence and markings examinations, and outlines their possible applications and advantages compared with traditionally used materials (plaster, plasticine). Examples of chemical compositions for several brands of polymer clay are also included.

The article describes the features of construction of the system internal logistics of high-tech enterprises. It describes a range of problems solved by these systems. As part of the internal logistics system is considered one of the tasks of operational and production management calendar. Considered in the article the problem associated with the formation of the production program of diversified production. As part of this task is received economic and mathematical model that establishes the relation between the parameters of fl exibility and performance to organizational and production structure of the high-tech enterprises.

The application of small industrial cameras linked to a computer to create models for monitoring of adverse events in the steel making process is referenced. Presented models were created by analyzing video recordings that were captured in areas that could directly threaten human life. In laboratory conditions it is possible to analyze the recorded data and then already known mathematical methods are used to evaluate phenomena that are characterized in operating conditions by rapid pace and their monitoring on site is difficult and dangerous.

To investigate the effect of histamine (8 mkg/kg, i/v) on the concentration of lipids in the rats bile. Using the method of thin layer chromatography concentrations of phospholipids, cholesterol and its esters, free fatty acids, triglycerides were determined in the rats bile collected in acute experiments (anesthesia, sodium thiopental, 50 mg/kg). The results were calculated using Statistica 7.0; p

The effect of gibberellin on seed germination, morphometric parameters and accumulation of heavy metals in plants seedling of Sinapis alba L. and Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A. Los. under growth on the water extracts of rock dumps substrates was studied. It was found that Rumex patientia х R. tianschanicus seedlings were more resistant compared with seedlings of mustard Sinapis alba. It was found that gibberellin improved or reduced the absorption of certain heavy metals by plants, changed their heavy metals accumulation properties. Rumex patientia х R. tianschanicus seedlings accumulate less content of heavy metals than Sinapis alba seedlings. However, Rumex patientia х R. tianschanicus has 5–7 times greater underground mass and has 7–18 times greater root system at natural conditions. This allows using it as a phytoremediator plant due to large mass of bodies. It was found that Rumex patientia х R. tianschanicus and Sinapis alba seedlings accumulate Copper, Lead and Cadmium. This allows using these plants on the polluted soils, and they could be recommended for planting along the highways for heavy metals accumulation.

Changes in pigment composition and structures of chloroplasts in leaves of the Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth plants, growning on different substrates of coal mines rock dump were studied. Changes in content of photosynthetic pigments and chloroplast’s structure of C. epigeios under the effect of adverse factors of soil conditions were revealed.

Іndicators of growing, changes in content of photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide, and activity of peroxidase in growing plants of colza were studied regarding negative influence of and soil components of rock dumps of coal mines. It was shown that heavy metals possess the most negative influence on the morphological and physiological indicators, and their influence is increasing with elevation of acidity. Decrease in content of hydrogen peroxide and increase in the activity of peroxidase suggests the activity of protective mechanisms in the growing plants of colza.

Сhanges of particle-size distribution substrates rock dumps under thicket of the Calamagrostis epigeios (L) Roth, humus content and pH of substrates are studied. The changes of rock dumps environment at overqrowing with C. epigeios and the possibility of qrowth of other plants on these rock dumps are shown.

У статті досліджується проблема національного суверенітету як похідна процесів глобалізації та європейської інтеграції держав. Приклади європейської солідарності щодо спільних цінностей і розвитку почуття приналежності і співучасті є безумовно найкращим антидотом проти побоювань зовнішнього інтервенціонізму. Тому чим міцнішим є розвиток європейської солідарності, тим слабкішою є стурбованість проблемою національного суверенітету. Відтак аргументи на користь національного суверенітету не звільняють вищезгадані країни від наслідків глобалізації, але сприяють їх ізоляції. По суті, європейський інтеграційний проект ніколи не розглядався як фактор відмови країн-учасників від частини свого державного суверенітету. Саме тому базова теорія європейської інтеграції оперує виключно поняттям об’єднання і співпраці суверенітетів, спрямованого не так на заміну одного іншим, а на множення сил і можливостей кожного з учасників. Аналіз досліджуваної проблеми свідчить про те, що майбутній європейський і глобальний порядок в значній мірі залежить від досягнення певного балансу в рамках дихотомії інтеграція - суверенітет.

We investigate normal dipole oscillations in a system of protons, neutrons and α-particles within the Brink approach. We introduce an effective mass of α-clusters in terms of the spectroscopic factor. The Pauli exclusion principle is taken into account by using the Wildermuth rule. The ratio between alpha and giant resonance energy weighted sum rule (EWSR) is investigated for N = Z and systems. In both cases we notice an unexpected decrease of this ratio versus the increase of the spectroscopic factor. Due to this fact the possibility to experimentally detect α-like oscillations is enhanced in nuclei above 100Sn. The occurrence of the pygmy mode in systems decreases the EWSR for the α-like oscillations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionCow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) affects 2%-7% of infants and is managed with hypoallergenic formulas. The 2022 recalls of infant formulas due to factors including contamination led to specialty formula shortages, highlighting CMPA management challenges. Understanding healthcare providers' (HCPs) decision-making in transitioning to alternative formulas during shortages is crucial. Limited attention has been given to how pediatric physicians make these choices.MethodsThis study utilized US HCPs' de-identified survey data to assess driving factors when switching extensively hydrolyzed formulas during shortages.Results104 eligible HCPs participated, including general pediatrics, pediatric allergy/immunology, and pediatric gastroenterology specialists. Safety, tolerability, and efficacy were identified as top factors for switching formulas. Formula 1 was considered well-tolerated, patient-accepted, and safe by all HCPs. Most expressed strong belief in Formula 1's safety and effectiveness.DiscussionFindings inform CMPA management during shortages, offering guidance to HCPs for suitable formula selection and enhanced infant care.

BackgroundIn 2022, the United States experienced a national shortage of infant formula due to a global supply chain crisis and a large-scale domestic formula recall. The existing literature on healthcare providers' (HCPs) clinical decision-making during formula shortages is limited. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing pediatric HCP clinical decision-making when switching between amino acid formulas (AAF) for managing cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants under 24 months of age during an unprecedented national formula shortage.MethodsThe study included pediatric HCPs with experience managing CMPA in infants and toddlers under 24 months during the formula shortage from January 2022 to November 2022. A de-identified survey comprising 26 questions examining driving factors used in clinical decision-making was administered to pediatric HCPs using a real-time mobile data collection tool.ResultsAmong the surveyed pediatric HCPs (n = 75), the factors most frequently considered as “extremely important” when switching to another AAF included safety (85%), tolerability (73%), and efficacy (83%). No statistically significant differences were found in HCP ratings among the listed examined factors of the four AAFs. The availability of specific formulas was the only factor that exhibited a statistically significant difference in perceived performance among pediatric HCPs when comparing the four AAFs (p

We generalize the schematic model based on the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) with separable interaction, to a collection of subspaces of ph excitations which interact with different coupling constants. This ansatz notably lowers the numerical effort involved, by reducing the RPA eigenvalue problem to a finite small dimensional system of equation. We derive the associated dispersion relation and the normalization condition for the newly defined unknowns of the system. In contrast with the standard separable approach, the present formalism is able to describe more than one collective excitation even in the degenerate limit, giving also access to the nature of the resonance. The theoretical framework is tested investigating the dipolar oscillations in various neutral and singly charged sodium clusters and C60 fullerene with results in good agreement with full RPA calculations and experimental data. It is proven that the 40 eV resonance present in photoabsorption spectra of C60 is a localized surface plasmon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic led to supply chain disruptions causing a severe shortage of infant formula. The shortage impacted parents of infants with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) who rely on specialized formulas. However, research on parent perspectives during formula shortages is limited. We aimed to understand the factors guiding parents' decisions when transitioning to alternative amino acid formula (AAF) or extensively hydrolyzed formula (eHF) during the national formula shortage. We conducted a survey using the ZSMoments platform and found that before the shortage, parents valued safety (83%), tolerability (78%), and reputability (78%) as primary factors in selecting eHFs and AAFs. Post-shortage, formula tolerability (86%), assurance (84%), and safety (80%) gained more importance. Among those switching eHF (n = 54), health care provider recommendations (81%), reputability (78%), taste (78%), and tolerability (78%) were rated as “extremely important.” Among those switching AAF (n = 26), top factors included tolerability (77%), assurance (73%), safety (73%), cost-effectiveness (73%), and formula trustworthiness (73%). These data suggest that parents carefully weigh various factors when managing their child's CMPA and transitioning to different AAF or eHF options.

We study the collective electron dynamics in C60 clusters within the time dependent Thomas Fermi method in the frame of jellium model. The results regarding the optical spectrum are in good agreement with the experimental data, our simulations being able to reproduce both resonances from and . We compare also, the results with those from other theoretical approaches and investigate the implications of quantum effects including exchange-correlation corrections, or gradient corrections from a Weizsacker term. The nature of the second resonance is studied using transition densities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundCow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) occurs commonly in infants. While the long-term efficacy of amino acid formulas for managing CMPA is well-established, there is limited data on the short-term symptom improvement of using amino acid formula (AAF).ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the short-term effects of managing suspected CMPA in infants aged 6 months and under using a commercial AAF.MethodsHealthcare providers who treated infants with suspected CMPA aged 6 months or younger (n = 104) provided de-identified survey data in this prospective study. Healthcare providers scored symptoms for severity from 0 to 3 (none, low, moderate, severe) before using a commercial AAF at Visit 1 and at Visit 2 (3–6 weeks later).ResultsGastrointestinal (94%), skin (87%), respiratory (86%), and uncategorized symptoms (89%) improved from AAF initiation, and these findings were consistent across different follow-up visit durations.ConclusionThis study is the most extensive prospective analysis conducted in the United States examining the short-term change in suspected CMPA symptoms using an AAF. These findings suggest that AAF may decrease the severity of suspected CMPA symptoms in infants 6 months or younger, often by the next follow-up visit. Further randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these initial findings.

The main purpose of the article was to study the gender equality principles in the Ukrainian justice system. This paper covered the main mechanisms of the state of modern international legal regulations on the impact of gender equality in the administration of justice. The main issues arising upon the implementation of gender equality issues in the justice system of Ukraine were identified. It was suggested that new mechanisms of further improvement of the corresponding law enforcement practice. It was concluded that particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the recognition of gender equality in Ukraine as a key aspect of sustainable development requires the introduction of a gender integration policy in all areas, including in the justice system, where it is necessary to recognise gender aspects upon delivering justice.

The two-dimensional circular quantum dot in a double semiconductor heterostructure is simulated by a new axially symmetric smooth potential of finite depth and width. The presence of additional potential parameters in this model allows us to describe the individual properties of different kinds of quantum dots. The influence of the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions on electron states in quantum dot is investigated. The total Hamiltonian of the problem is written as a sum of unperturbed part and perturbation. First, the exact solution of the unperturbed Schrödinger equation was constructed. Each energy level of the unperturbed Hamiltonian was doubly degenerated. Further, the analytical approximate expression for energy splitting was obtained within the framework of perturbation theory, when the strengths of two spin-orbit interactions are close. The numerical results show the dependence of energy levels on potential parameters.

ZnO thin films of zinc oxide doped with 10 % ITO (indium tin oxide) on anodic aluminum oxide substrates are formed in vacuum during high-frequency repetitively pulsed laser deposition. The morphology of films on porous and non-porous surfaces of substrates was studied by atomic force microscopy. The optical properties of the films in the visible, near, and middle IR regions of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, the Raman spectra, and also the features of the photoluminescence characteristics have been experimentally investigated. Zinc oxide films can be used in optoelectronic transducers, as luminescent material, in the form of transparent electrodes, sensitive layers of gas and biological sensors, catalysts, X-ray and gamma-radiation detectors.

The high-voltage oxygen redox activity of Li-rich layered oxides enables additional capacity beyond conventional transition metal (TM) redox contributions and drives the development of positive electrode active materials in secondary Li-based batteries. However, Li-rich layered oxides often face voltage decay during battery operation. In particular, although Li-rich positive electrode active materials with a high nickel content demonstrate improved voltage stability, they suffer from poor discharge capacity. Here, via physicochemical and electrochemical measurements, we investigate the correlation between oxygen redox activity and superstructure units in Li-rich layered oxides, specifically the fractions of LiMn 6 and Ni 4+ -stabilized LiNiMn 5 within the TM layer. We prove that an excess of LiNiMn 5 hinders the extraction/insertion of lithium ions during Li metal coin cell charging/discharging, resulting in incomplete oxygen redox activity at a cell potential of about 3.3 V. We also demonstrate that lithium content adjustment could be a beneficial approach to tailor the superstructure units. Indeed, we report an improved oxygen redox reversibility for an optimized Li-rich layered oxide with fewer LiNiMn 5 units., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Sr 4 Ba 3 (BO 3 ) 3.83 H 2.5 , as the second compound to combine borate and hydride ions, has been synthesized by a mechanochemical synthesis route. The structure has been elucidated by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction and determined to crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric space group P6 3 mc (186) with the cell parameters a=10.87762(15) Å and c=6.98061(11) Å. A detailed investigation of the compound by vibrational spectroscopy in combination with Density Functional Theory calculations reveals the disordered nature of the structure and proves the presence of both borate and hydride ions. Electronic band structure calculations predict a large band gap of 7.1 eV. Hydride states are predicted at the topmost valence band, which agrees well with earlier reported heteroanionic hydrides. We hereby were able to successfully apply previously synthetic and analytical schemes to introduce another member of the rare compounds that contain complex oxoanions simultaneously with hydride ions., (© 2024 The Author(s). Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The development of improved solid electrolytes (SEs) plays a crucial role in the advancement of bulk-type solid-state battery (SSB) technologies. In recent years, multicomponent or high-entropy SEs are gaining increased attention for their advantageous charge-transport and (electro)chemical properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of how configurational entropy affects ionic conductivity is largely lacking. Herein we investigate a series of multication-substituted lithium argyrodites with the general formula Li 6+x [M1 a M2 b M3 c M4 d ]S 5 I, with M being P, Si, Ge, and Sb. Structure-property relationships related to ion mobility are probed using a combination of diffraction techniques, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and charge-transport measurements. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental evidence of a direct correlation between occupational disorder in the cationic host lattice and lithium transport. By controlling the configurational entropy through compositional design, high bulk ionic conductivities up to 18 mS cm -1 at room temperature are achieved for optimized lithium argyrodites. Our results indicate the possibility of improving ionic conductivity in ceramic ion conductors via entropy engineering, overcoming compositional limitations for the design of advanced electrolytes and opening up new avenues in the field., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Cation doping is an effective strategy for improving the cyclability of layered oxide cathode materials through suppression of phase transitions in the high voltage region. In this study, Mg and Sc are chosen as dopants in P2-Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O 2 , and both have found to positively impact the cycling stability, but influence the high voltage regime in different ways. Through a combination of synchrotron-based methods and theoretical calculations it is shown that it is more than just suppression of the P2 to O2 phase transition that is critical for promoting the favorable properties, and that the interplay between Ni and O activity is also a critical aspect that dictates the performance. With Mg doping, the Ni activity can be enhanced while simultaneously suppressing the O activity. This is surprising because it is in contrast to what has been reported in other Mn-based layered oxides where Mg is known to trigger oxygen redox. This contradiction is addressed by proposing a competing mechanism between Ni and Mg that impacts differences in O activity in Na 0.67 Mg x Ni 0.33- x Mn 0.67 O 2 (x < 0 < 0.33). These findings provide a new direction in understanding the effects of cation doping on the electrochemical behavior of layered oxides., (© 2024 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

After fertilization, remodeling of the oocyte and sperm genomes is essential to convert these highly differentiated and transcriptionally quiescent cells into early cleavage-stage blastomeres that are transcriptionally active and totipotent. This developmental transition is accompanied by cell cycle adaptation, such as lengthening or shortening of the gap phases G1 and G2. However, regulation of these cell cycle changes is poorly understood, especially in mammals. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is a protein kinase that regulates cell cycle progression in somatic cells. Here, we show that CHK1 regulates cell cycle progression in early mouse embryos by restraining CDK1 kinase activity due to CDC25A phosphatase degradation. CHK1 kinase also ensures the long G2 phase needed for genome activation and reprogramming gene expression in two-cell stage mouse embryos. Finally, Chk1 depletion leads to DNA damage and chromosome segregation errors that result in aneuploidy and infertility., (© 2023 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY NC ND 4.0 license.)

K 2 SiH 6 , crystallizing in the cubic K 2 PtCl 6 structure type ( Fm 3̅ m ), features unusual hypervalent SiH 6 2- complexes. Here, the formation of K 2 SiH 6 at high pressures is revisited by in situ synchrotron diffraction experiments, considering KSiH 3 as a precursor. At the investigated pressures, 8 and 13 GPa, K 2 SiH 6 adopts the trigonal (NH 4 ) 2 SiF 6 structure type ( P 3̅ m 1) upon formation. The trigonal polymorph is stable up to 725 °C at 13 GPa. At room temperature, the transition into an ambient pressure recoverable cubic form occurs below 6.7 GPa. Theory suggests the existence of an additional, hexagonal, variant in the pressure interval 3-5 GPa. According to density functional theory band structure calculations, K 2 SiH 6 is a semiconductor with a band gap around 2 eV. Nonbonding H-dominated states are situated below and Si-H anti-bonding states are located above the Fermi level. Enthalpically feasible and dynamically stable metallic variants of K 2 SiH 6 may be obtained when substituting Si partially by Al or P, thus inducing p- and n-type metallicity, respectively. Yet, electron-phonon coupling appears weak, and calculated superconducting transition temperatures are <1 K.

The Li + ion conductor Li 27-x [P 4 O 7+x N 9-x ]O 3 (x≈1.9) has been synthesized from P 3 N 5 , Li 3 N and Li 2 O in a Ta ampoule at 800 °C under Ar atmosphere. The cubic compound crystallizes in space group I 4 ‾ 3 d ${I\overline 4 3d}$ with a=12.0106(14) Å and Z=4. It contains both non-condensed [PO 2 N 2 ] 5- and [PO 3 N] 4- tetrahedra as well as O 2- ions, surrounded by Li + ions. Charge neutrality is achieved by partial occupancy of Li positions, which was refined with neutron powder diffraction data. Measurements of the partial ionic and electronic conductivity show a total ionic conductivity of 6.6×10 -8  S cm -1 with an activation energy of 0.46±0.02 eV and a bulk ionic conductivity of 4×10 -6  S cm -1 at 25 °C, which is close to the ionic conductivity of amorphous lithium nitridophosphate. This makes Li 27-x [P 4 O 7+x N 9-x ]O 3 an interesting candidate for investigation of structural factors affecting ionic conductivity in lithium oxonitridophosphates., (© 2023 The Authors. Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

After fertilization, remodeling of the oocyte and sperm genome is essential for the successful initiation of mitotic activity in the fertilized oocyte and subsequent proliferative activity of the early embryo. Despite the fact that the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle control in early mammalian embryos are in principle comparable to those in somatic cells, there are differences resulting from the specific nature of the gene totipotency of the blastomeres of early cleavage embryos. In this review, we focus on the Chk1 kinase as a key transduction factor in monitoring the integrity of DNA molecules during early embryogenesis.