Search

Saliva secreted in response to methoxamine and pilocarpine was collected from the cannulated ducts of both parotid glands of male and female rats at weekly age intervals from three to 10 weeks, and at 3.5, 8, and 15 months of age. It was analyzed for the concentrations of protein, potassium, calcium, inorganic phosphate, and for amylase activity. The types of protein were determined electrophoretically, and an amino acid analysis of the total protein was also carried out. The wet weights of the glands increased substantially up to eight weeks of age, then reached almost plateau values, and finally tended to decrease at 15 months of age in both sexes. The salivary volumes secreted in response to methoxamine and pilocarpine were positively correlated with the parotid gland weights in both sexes. The concentrations of protein, potassium, and inorganic phosphate were inversely related to the salivary flow rates only at relatively low rates off low. The amylase activity was positively correlated with the concentration of protein, independent of the nature of the stimulus, age, and sex. With methoxamine as a stimulus, the amylase activity was positively correlated with the concentration of calcium, independent of age and se The types of protein and amino acid concentrations were independent of the nature of the stimulus, age, and sex up to 15 months of age. However, in parotid saliva of several rats at 8 and 15 months of age, unusual proteins were observed electrophoretically, independent of the nature of the stimulus and sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nuclear spin polarization plays a crucial role in quantum information processing and quantum sensing. In this work, we demonstrate a robust and efficient method for nuclear spin polarization with boron vacancy (V_{B}^{-}) defects in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using ground-state level anticrossing (GSLAC). We show that GSLAC-assisted nuclear polarization can be achieved with significantly lower laser power than excited-state level anticrossing, making the process experimentally more viable. Furthermore, we have demonstrated direct optical readout of nuclear spins for V_{B}^{-} in h-BN. Our findings suggest that GSLAC is a promising technique for the precise control and manipulation of nuclear spins in V_{B}^{-} defects in h-BN.

Precise control over the polarity of transistors is a key necessity for the construction of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits. However, the polarity control of 2D transistors remains a challenge because of the lack of a high-work-function electrode that completely eliminates Fermi-level pinning at metal-semiconductor interfaces. Here, a creation of clean van der Waals contacts is demonstrated, wherein a metallic 2D material, chlorine-doped SnSe 2 (Cl-SnSe 2 ), is used as the high-work-function contact, providing an interface that is free of defects and Fermi-level pinning. Such clean contacts made from Cl-SnSe 2 can pose nearly ideal Schottky barrier heights, following the Schottky-Mott limit and thus permitting polarity-controllable transistors. With the integration of Cl-SnSe 2 as contacts, WSe 2 transistors exhibit pronounced p-type characteristics, which are distinctly different from those of the devices with evaporated metal contacts, where n-type transport is observed. Finally, this ability to control the polarity enables the fabrication of functional logic gates and circuits, including inverter, NAND, and NOR., (© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The probing of fundamental photophysics is a key prerequisite for the construction of diverse optoelectronic devices and circuits. To date, though, photocarrier dynamics in 2D materials remains unclear, plagued primarily by two issues: a large exciton binding energy, and the lack of a suitable system that enables the manipulation of excitons. Here, a WSe 2 -based phototransistor with an asymmetric split-gate configuration is demonstrated, which is named the "asymmetry field-effect phototransistor" (AFEPT). This structure allows for the effective modulation of the electric-field profile across the channel, thereby providing a standard device platform for exploring the photocarrier dynamics of the intrinsic WSe 2 layer. By controlling the electric field, this work the spatial evolution of the photocurrent is observed, notably with a strong signal over the entire WSe 2 channel. Using photocurrent and optical spectroscopy measurements, the physical origin of the novel photocurrent behavior is clarified and a room-temperature exciton binding energy of 210 meV is determined with the device. In the phototransistor geometry, lateral p-n junctions serve as a simultaneous pathway for both photogenerated electrons and holes, reducing their recombination rate and thus enhancing photodetection. The study establishes a new device platform for both fundamental studies and technological applications., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

In several studies, regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO 2 ) has been measured in patients with postcardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) to analyze the brain's metabolic status. However, the significance of rSO 2 in PCAS patients remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between rSO 2 and physiological parameters. Comatose survivors of out-of-hospital PCAS with targeted temperature management (TTM) at 34°C for 24 hours were included. All patients were monitored for their rSO 2 and additional parameters (arterial oxygen saturation [SaO 2 ], hemoglobin [Hb], mean arterial pressure [MAP], arterial carbon dioxide pressure [PaCO 2 ], and body temperature]) measured at the start of monitoring and 24 and 48 hours after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Patients were divided into favorable and unfavorable groups, and the correlation between rSO 2 and these physiological parameters was evaluated by multiple regression analysis. Forty-nine patients were included in the study, with 15 in the favorable group and 34 in the unfavorable group. There was no significant difference in the rSO 2 value between the two groups at any time point. The multiple regression analysis of the favorable group revealed a moderate correlation between rSO 2 and SaO 2 , Hb, and PaCO 2 only at 24 hours (coefficients: 0.482, 0.422, and 0.531, respectively), whereas that of the unfavorable group revealed moderate correlations between rSO 2 and Hb values at all time points, PaCO 2 at 24 hours and MAP at 24 and 48 hours. rSO 2 was moderately correlated to MAP in unfavorable patients. To optimize brain oxygen metabolic balance for PCAS patients with TTM measuring rSO 2 , we suggest total evaluation of each parameters of SaO 2 , Hb, MAP, and PaCO 2 .

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted considerable interest owing to the spin-valley coupled electronic structure and possibility in next-generation devices. Substrates are one of the most important factors to limit physical properties of atomic-layer materials, and among various substrates so far investigated, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is the best substrate to explore the intrinsic properties of atomic layers. Here we report direct chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of WS2 onto high-quality hBN using a 3-furnace CVD setup. Triangular-shaped WS2 grown on hBN have shown limited crystallographic orientation that is related to that of the underlying hBN. Photoluminescence spectra of the WS2 show an intense emission peak at 2.01 eV with a quite small fwhm of 26 meV. The sharp emission peak indicates the high quality of the present WS2 atomic layers with high crystallinity and clean interface.