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38 results on '"Stoughton, Chris"'

1. Exploring the Variable Sky with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Sesar, Branimir, Ivezic, Zeljko, Lupton, Robert, Juric, Mario, Gunn, James, Knapp, Gillian, De Lee, Nathan, Smith, J. Allyn, Miknaitis, Gajus, Lin, Huan, Tucker, Douglas, Doi, Mamoru, Tanaka, Masayuki, Fukugita, Masataka, Holtzman, Jon, Kent, Steve, Yanny, Brian, Schlegel, David, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Rockosi, Constance, Bond, Nicholas, Lee, Brian, Stoughton, Chris, Jester, Sebastian, Harris, Hugh, Harding, Paul, Brinkmann, Jon, Schneider, Donald, York, Donald, Richmond, Michael, and Vanden Berk, Daniel

Subjects
Physics of elementary particles and fields
Published
2008

2. A catalog of compact groups of galaxies in the RSDSS commissioning data

Author

Lee, Brian C., Allam, Sahar S., Tucker, Douglas L., Annis, James, Blanton, Michael R., Johnston, David E., Scranton, Ryan, Acebo, Yamina, Bahcall, Neta A., Bartelmann, Matthias, Bohringer, Hans, Ellman, Nancy, Grebel, Eva K., Infante, Leopoldo, Loveday, Jon, McKay, Timothy A., Prada, Francisco, Schneider, Donald P., Stoughton, Chris, Szalay, Alexander S., Vogeley, Michael S., Voges, Wolfgang, and Yanny, Brian

Subjects
Physics of elementary particles and fields, Astrophysics Galaxies
Abstract

Compact groups (CGs) of galaxies -- relatively poor groups of galaxies in which the typical separations between members is of the order of a galaxy diameter -- offer an exceptional laboratory for the study of dense galaxian environments with short (

Published
2003

6. The QICK (Quantum Instrumentation Control Kit): Readout and control for qubits and detectors.

Author

Stefanazzi, Leandro, Treptow, Kenneth, Wilcer, Neal, Stoughton, Chris, Bradford, Collin, Uemura, Sho, Zorzetti, Silvia, Montella, Salvatore, Cancelo, Gustavo, Sussman, Sara, Houck, Andrew, Saxena, Shefali, Arnaldi, Horacio, Agrawal, Ankur, Zhang, Helin, Ding, Chunyang, and Schuster, David I.

Subjects
GATE array circuits, QUBITS, DETECTORS, SYSTEMS on a chip, COMPUTER firmware
Abstract

We introduce a Xilinx RF System-on-Chip (RFSoC)-based qubit controller (called the Quantum Instrumentation Control Kit, or QICK for short), which supports the direct synthesis of control pulses with carrier frequencies of up to 6 GHz. The QICK can control multiple qubits or other quantum devices. The QICK consists of a digital board hosting an RFSoC field-programmable gate array, custom firmware, and software and an optional companion custom-designed analog front-end board. We characterize the analog performance of the system as well as its digital latency, important for quantum error correction and feedback protocols. We benchmark the controller by performing standard characterizations of a transmon qubit. We achieve an average gate fidelity of F a v g = 99.93 %. All of the schematics, firmware, and software are open-source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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7. Second generation readout for large format photon counting microwave kinetic inductance detectors.

Author

Fruitwala, Neelay, Strader, Paschal, Cancelo, Gustavo, Zmuda, Ted, Treptow, Ken, Wilcer, Neal, Stoughton, Chris, Walter, Alex B., Zobrist, Nicholas, Collura, Giulia, Lipartito, Isabel, Bailey III, John I., and Mazin, Benjamin A.

Subjects
PHOTON counting, ELECTRIC inductance, MICROWAVES, SIGNAL processing, DETECTORS
Abstract

We present the development of a second generation digital readout system for photon counting microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) arrays operating in the optical and near-infrared wavelength bands. Our system retains much of the core signal processing architecture from the first generation system but with a significantly higher bandwidth, enabling the readout of kilopixel MKID arrays. Each set of readout boards is capable of reading out 1024 MKID pixels multiplexed over 2 GHz of bandwidth; two such units can be placed in parallel to read out a full 2048 pixel microwave feedline over a 4 GHz–8 GHz band. As in the first generation readout, our system is capable of identifying, analyzing, and recording photon detection events in real time with a time resolution of order a few microseconds. Here, we describe the hardware and firmware, and present an analysis of the noise properties of the system. We also present a novel algorithm for efficiently suppressing IQ mixer sidebands to below −30 dBc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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8. Pixel-based correction for Charge Transfer Inefficiency in the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys.

Author

Massey, Richard, Stoughton, Chris, Leauthaud, Alexie, Rhodes, Jason, Koekemoer, Anton, Ellis, Richard, and Shaghoulian, Edgar

Subjects
*CHARGE transfer, *ELECTROMAGNETIC measurements, *ASTRONOMICAL photometry, *ASTRONOMY
Abstract

Charge Transfer Inefficiency (CTI) due to radiation damage above the Earth's atmosphere creates spurious trailing in Hubble Space Telescope ( HST) images. Radiation damage also creates unrelated warm pixels – but these happen to be perfect for measuring CTI. We model CTI in the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/Wide Field Channel and construct a physically motivated correction scheme. This operates on raw data, rather than secondary science products, by returning individual electrons to pixels from which they were unintentionally dragged during readout. We apply our correction to images from the HST Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS), successfully reducing the CTI trails by a factor of ∼30 everywhere in the CCD and at all flux levels. We quantify changes in galaxy photometry, astrometry and shape. The remarkable 97 per cent level of correction is more than sufficient to enable a (forthcoming) reanalysis of downstream science products and the collection of larger surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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9. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog. IV. Fifth Data Release.

Author

Schneider, Donald P., Hall, Patrick B., Richards, Gordon T., Strauss, Michael A., Berk, Daniel E. Vanden, Anderson, Scott F., Brandt, W. N., Fan, Xiaohui, Jester, Sebastian, Gray, Jim, Gunn, James E., SubbaRao, Mark U., Thakar, Anirudda R., Stoughton, Chris, Szalay, Alexander S., Yanny, Brian, York, Donald G., Bahcall, Neta A., Barentine, J., and Blanton, Michael R.

Published
2007
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10. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey QSO absorption line catalogue.

Author

York, Donald G., Vanden Berk, Daniel, Richards, Gordon T., Crotts, Arlin P. S., Khare, Pushpa, Lauroesch, James, Lemoine, Martin, Burles, Scott, Bernardi, Mariangela, Castander, Francisco J., Frieman, Josh, Loveday, Jon, Meiksin, Avery, Nichol, Robert, Schlegel, David, Schneider, Donald P., Subbarao, Mark, Stoughton, Chris, Szalay, Alex, and Yanny, Brian

Abstract

The spectra of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) are being used to construct a catalogue of QSO absorption lines, for use in studies of abundances, relevant radiation fields, number counts as a function of redshift, and other matters, including the evolution of these parameters. The catalogue includes intervening, associated, and BAL absorbers, in order to allow a clearer definition of the relationships between these three classes. We describe the motivation for and the data products of the project to build the SDSS QSO absorption line catalogue. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2005
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11. Identification of A-colored Stars and Structure in the Halo of the Milky Way from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning DataBased on observations obtained with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m telescope, which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium.

Author

Yanny, Brian, Newberg, Heidi Jo, Kent, Steve, Laurent-Muehleisen, Sally A., Pier, Jeffrey R., Richards, Gordon T., Stoughton, Chris, Anderson, Jr. John E., Annis, James, Brinkmann, J., Chen, Bing, Csabai, István, Doi, Mamoru, Fukugita, Masataka, Hennessy, G. S., Ivezić, Željko, Knapp, G. R., Lupton, Robert, Munn, Jeffrey A., and Nash, Thomas

Published
2000
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13. Exploring the Variable Sky with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Sesar, Branimir, Ivezic, Zeljko, Lupton, Robert H., Juric, Mario, Gunn, James E., Knapp, Gillian R., De Lee, Nathan, Smith, J. Allyn, Miknaitis, Gajus, Lin, Huan, Tucker, Douglas, Doi, Mamoru, Tanaka, Masayuki, Fukugita, Masataka, Holtzman, Jon, Kent, Steve, Yanny, Brian, Schlegel, David, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Rockosi, Constance M., Bond, Nicholas, Lee, Brian, Stoughton, Chris, Jester, Sebastian, Harris, Hugh, Harding, Paul, Brinkmann, Jon, Schneider, Donald P., York, Donald, Richmond, Michael W., and Vanden Berk, Daniel

Subjects
Galaxy: halo, Galaxy: stellar content, quasars: general, stars: Population II, stars: variables: other
Abstract

We quantify the variability of faint unresolved optical sources using a catalog based on multiple SDSS imaging observations. The catalog covers SDSS stripe 82, which lies along the celestial equator in the southern Galactic hemisphere (22h24m < αJ2000.0 < 04h08m, -1.27° < δJ2000.0 < +1.27°, ~290 deg2), and contains 34 million photometric observations in the SDSS ugriz system for 748,084 unresolved sources at high Galactic latitudes (b < -20°) that were observed at least four times in each of the ugri bands (with a median of 10 observations obtained over ~6 yr). In each photometric bandpass we compute various low-order light-curve statistics, such as rms scatter, χ2 per degree of freedom, skewness, and minimum and maximum magnitude, and use them to select and study variable sources. We find that 2% of unresolved optical sources brighter than g = 20.5 appear variable at the 0.05 mag level (rms) simultaneously in the g and r bands (at high Galactic latitudes). The majority (2 out of 3) of these variable sources are low-redshift (<2) quasars, although they represent only 2% of all sources in the adopted flux-limited sample. We find that at least 90% of quasars are variable at the 0.03 mag level (rms) and confirm that variability is as good a method for finding low-redshift quasars as the UV excess color selection (at high Galactic latitudes). We analyze the distribution of light-curve skewness for quasars and find that it is centered on zero. We find that about one-fourth of the variable stars are RR Lyrae stars, and that only 0.5% of stars from the main stellar locus are variable at the 0.05 mag level. The distribution of light-curve skewness in the g - r versus u - g color-color diagram on the main stellar locus is found to be bimodal (with one mode consistent with Algol-like behavior). Using over 600 RR Lyrae stars, we demonstrate rich halo substructure out to distances of 100 kpc. We extrapolate these results to the expected performance by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and estimate that it will obtain well-sampled, 2% accurate, multicolor light curves for ~2 million low-redshift quasars and discover at least 50 million variable stars., Astronomy

Published
2007
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14. Sloan Digital Sky Survey Standard Star Catalog for Stripe 82: The Dawn of Industrial 1% Optical Photometry

Author

Ivezic, Zeljko, Smith, J. Allyn, Miknaitis, Gajus, Lin, Huan, Tucker, Douglas, Lupton, Robert H., Gunn, James E., Knapp, Gillian R., Strauss, Michael A., Sesar, Branimir, Doi, Mamoru, Tanaka, Masayuki, Fukugita, Masataka, Holtzman, Jon, Kent, Steve, Yanny, Brian, Schlegel, David, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Rockosi, Constance M., Juri?, Mario, Bond, Nicholas, Lee, Brian, Stoughton, Chris, Jester, Sebastian, Harris, Hugh, Harding, Paul, Morrison, Heather, Brinkmann, Jon, Schneider, Donald P., and York, Donald

Subjects
catalogs, instrumentation: photometers, methods: data analysis, standards, surveys, techniques: photometric
Abstract

We describe a standard star catalog constructed using multiple SDSS photometric observations (at least four per band, with a median of 10) in the ugriz system. The catalog includes 1.01 million nonvariable unresolved objects from the equatorial stripe 82 (|δJ2000.0| < 1.266°) in the right ascension range 20h34m-4h00m and with the corresponding r-band (approximately Johnson V-band) magnitudes in the range 14-22. The distributions of measurements for individual sources demonstrate that the photometric pipeline correctly estimates random photometric errors, which are below 0.01 mag for stars brighter than 19.5, 20.5, 20.5, 20, and 18.5 in ugriz, respectively (about twice as good as for individual SDSS runs). Several independent tests of the internal consistency suggest that the spatial variation of photometric zero points is not larger than ~0.01 mag (rms). In addition to being the largest available data set with optical photometry internally consistent at the ~1% level, this catalog provides a practical definition of the SDSS photometric system. Using this catalog, we show that photometric zero points for SDSS observing runs can be calibrated within a nominal uncertainty of 2% even for data obtained through 1 mag thick clouds, and we demonstrate the existence of He and H white dwarf sequences using photometric data alone. Based on the properties of this catalog, we conclude that upcoming large-scale optical surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope will be capable of delivering robust 1% photometry for billions of sources., Astronomy

Published
2007
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15. The Third Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K., Agüeros, Marcel A., Allam, Sahar S., Anderson, Kurt S. J., Anderson, Scott F., Annis, James, Bahcall, Neta A., Baldry, Ivan K., Bastian, Steven, Berlind, Andreas, Bernardi, Mariangela, Blanton, Michael R., Bochanski, John J. Jr., Boroski, William N., Brewington, Howard J., Briggs, John W., Brinkmann, J., Brunner, Robert J., Budavári, Tamás, Carey, Larry N., Castander, Francisco J., Connolly, A. J., Covey, Kevin R., Csabai, István, Dalcanton, Julianne J., Doi, Mamoru, Dong, Feng, Eisenstein, Daniel James, Evans, Michael L., Fan, Xiaohui, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Friedman, Scott D., Frieman, Joshua A., Fukugita, Masataka, Gillespie, Bruce, Glazebrook, Karl, Gray, Jim, Grebel, Eva K., Gunn, James E., Gurbani, Vijay K., Hall, Patrick B., Hamabe, Masaru, Harbeck, Daniel, Harris, Frederick H., Harris, Hugh C., Harvanek, Michael, Hawley, Suzanne L., Hayes, Jeffrey, Heckman, Timothy M., Hendry, John S., Hennessy, Gregory S., Hindsley, Robert B., Hogan, Craig J., Hogg, David W., Holmgren, Donald J., Holtzman, Jon A., Ichikawa, Shin-ichi, Ichikawa, Takashi, Ivezic, Zeljko, Jester, Sebastian, Johnston, David E., Jorgensen, Anders M., Juri?, Mario, Kent, Stephen M., Kleinman, S. J., Knapp, G. R., Kniazev, Alexei Yu., Kron, Richard G., Krzesinski, Jurek, Lamb, Donald Q., Lampeitl, Hubert, Lee, Brian C., Lin, Huan, Long, Daniel C., Loveday, Jon, Lupton, Robert H., Mannery, Ed, Margon, Bruce, Martínez-Delgado, David, Matsubara, Takahiko, McGehee, Peregrine M., McKay, Timothy A., Meiksin, Avery, Ménard, Brice, Munn, Jeffrey A., Nash, Thomas, Neilsen, Eric H. Jr., Newberg, Heidi Jo, Newman, Peter R., Nichol, Robert C., Nicinski, Tom, Nieto-Santisteban, Maria, Nitta, Atsuko, Okamura, Sadanori, O, William, Owen, Russell, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Pauls, George, Peoples, John, Pier, Jeffrey R., Pope, Adrian C., Pourbaix, Dimitri, Quinn, Thomas R., Raddick, M. Jordan, Richards, Gordon T., Richmond, Michael W., Rix, Hans-Walter, Rockosi, Constance M., Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Schroeder, Joshua, Scranton, Ryan, Sekiguchi, Maki, Sheldon, Erin, Shimasaku, Kazu, Silvestri, Nicole M., Smith, J. Allyn, Smol?i?, Vernesa, Snedden, Stephanie A., Stebbins, Albert, Stoughton, Chris, Strauss, Michael A., SubbaRao, Mark, Szalay, Alexander S., Szapudi, István, Szkody, Paula, Szokoly, Gyula P., Tegmark, Max, Teodoro, Luis, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Tremonti, Christy, Tucker, Douglas L., Uomoto, Alan, Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Vandenberg, Jan, Vogeley, Michael S., Voges, Wolfgang, Vogt, Nicole P., Walkowicz, Lucianne M., Wang, Shu-i, Weinberg, David H., West, Andrew A., White, Simon D. M., Wilhite, Brian C., Xu, Yongzhong, Yanny, Brian, Yasuda, Naoki, Yip, Ching-Wa, Yocum, D. R., York, Donald G., Zehavi, Idit, Zibetti, Stefano, and Zucker, Daniel B.

Subjects
atlases, catalogs, surveys
Abstract

This paper describes the Third Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). This release, containing data taken up through 2003 June, includes imaging data in five bands over 5282 deg2, photometric and astrometric catalogs of the 141 million objects detected in these imaging data, and spectra of 528,640 objects selected over 4188 deg2. The pipelines analyzing both images and spectroscopy are unchanged from those used in our Second Data Release., Astronomy

Published
2005
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16. The Second Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K., Agüeros, Marcel A., Allam, Sahar S., Anderson, Kurt, S. J., Anderson, Scott F., Annis, James, Bahcall, Neta A., Baldry, Ivan K., Bastian, Steven, Berlind, Andreas, Bernardi, Mariangela, Blanton, Michael R., Bochanski, John J. Jr., Boroski, William N., Briggs, John W., Brinkmann, J., Brunner, Robert J., Budavári, Tamás, Carey, Larry N., Carliles, Samuel, Castander, Francisco J., Connolly, A. J., Csabai, István, Doi, Mamoru, Dong, Feng, Eisenstein, Daniel James, Evans, Michael L., Fan, Xiaohui, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Friedman, Scott D., Frieman, Joshua A., Fukugita, Masataka, Gal, Roy R., Gillespie, Bruce, Glazebrook, Karl, Gray, Jim, Grebel, Eva K., Gunn, James E., Gurbani, Vijay K., Hall, Patrick B., Hamabe, Masaru, Harris, Frederick H., Harris, Hugh C., Harvanek, Michael, Heckman, Timothy M., Hendry, John S., Hennessy, Gregory S., Hindsley, Robert B., Hogan, Craig J., Hogg, David W., Holmgren, Donald J., Ichikawa, Shin-ichi, Ichikawa, Takashi, Ivezic, Zeljko, Jester, Sebastian, Johnston, David E., Jorgensen, Anders M., Kent, Stephen M., Kleinman, S. J., Knapp, G. R., Kniazev, Alexei Yu., Kron, Richard G., Krzesinski, Jurek, Kunszt, Peter Z., Kuropatkin, Nickolai, Lamb, Donald Q., Lampeitl, Hubert, Lee, Brian C., Leger, R. French, Li, Nolan, Lin, Huan, Loh, Yeong-Shang, Long, Daniel C., Loveday, Jon, Lupton, Robert H., Malik, Tanu, Margon, Bruce, Matsubara, Takahiko, McGehee, Peregrine M., McKay, Timothy A., Meiksin, Avery, Munn, Jeffrey A., Nakajima, Reiko, Nash, Thomas, Neilsen, Eric H. Jr., Newberg, Heidi Jo, Newman, Peter R., Nichol, Robert C., Nicinski, Tom, Nieto-Santisteban, Maria, Nitta, Atsuko, Okamura, Sadanori, O, William, Ostriker, Jeremiah P., Owen, Russell, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Peoples, John, Pier, Jeffrey R., Pope, Adrian C., Quinn, Thomas R., Richards, Gordon T., Richmond, Michael W., Rix, Hans-Walter, Rockosi, Constance M., Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Scranton, Ryan, Sekiguchi, Maki, Seljak, Uros, Sergey, Gary, Sesar, Branimir, Sheldon, Erin, Shimasaku, Kazu, Siegmund, Walter A., Silvestri, Nicole M., Smith, J. Allyn, Smolčić, Vernesa, Snedden, Stephanie A., Stebbins, Albert, Stoughton, Chris, Strauss, Michael A., SubbaRao, Mark, Szalay, Alexander S., Szapudi, István, Szkody, Paula, Szokoly, Gyula P., Tegmark, Max, Teodoro, Luis, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Tremonti, Christy, Tucker, Douglas L., Uomoto, Alan, Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Vandenberg, Jan, Vogeley, Michael S., Voges, Wolfgang, Vogt, Nicole P., Walkowicz, Lucianne M., Wang, Shu-i, Weinberg, David H., West, Andrew A., White, Simon D. M., Wilhite, Brian C., Xu, Yongzhong, Yanny, Brian, Yasuda, Naoki, Yip, Ching-Wa, Yocum, D. R., York, Donald G., Zehavi, Idit, Zibetti, Stefano, and Zucker, Daniel B.

Subjects
atlases, catalogs, surveys
Abstract

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has validated and made publicly available its Second Data Release. This data release consists of 3324 deg2 of five-band (ugriz) imaging data with photometry for over 88 million unique objects, 367,360 spectra of galaxies, quasars, stars, and calibrating blank sky patches selected over 2627 deg2 of this area, and tables of measured parameters from these data. The imaging data reach a depth of r ≈ 22.2 (95% completeness limit for point sources) and are photometrically and astrometrically calibrated to 2% rms and 100 mas rms per coordinate, respectively. The imaging data have all been processed through a new version of the SDSS imaging pipeline, in which the most important improvement since the last data release is fixing an error in the model fits to each object. The result is that model magnitudes are now a good proxy for point-spread function magnitudes for point sources, and Petrosian magnitudes for extended sources. The spectroscopy extends from 3800 to 9200 Å at a resolution of 2000. The spectroscopic software now repairs a systematic error in the radial velocities of certain types of stars and has substantially improved spectrophotometry. All data included in the SDSS Early Data Release and First Data Release are reprocessed with the improved pipelines and included in the Second Data Release. Further characteristics of the data are described, as are the data products themselves and the tools for accessing them., Astronomy

Published
2004
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17. The First Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K., Ageros, Marcel A., Allam, Sahar S., Anderson, Scott F., Annis, James, Bahcall, Neta A., Baldry, Ivan K., Bastian, Steven, Berlind, Andreas, Bernardi, Mariangela, Blanton, Michael R., Blythe, Norman, Bochanski, John J. Jr., Boroski, William N., Brewington, Howard, Briggs, John W., Brinkmann, J., Brunner, Robert J., Budavri, Tams, Carey, Larry N., Carr, Michael A., Castander, Francisco J., Chiu, Kuenley, Collinge, Matthew J., Connolly, A. J., Covey, Kevin R., Csabai, Istvn, Dalcanton, Julianne J., Dodelson, Scott, Doi, Mamoru, Dong, Feng, Eisenstein, Daniel James, Evans, Michael L., Fan, Xiaohui, Feldman, Paul D., Finkbeiner, Douglas, Friedman, Scott D., Frieman, Joshua A., Fukugita, Masataka, Gal, Roy R., Gillespie, Bruce, Glazebrook, Karl, Gonzalez, Carlos F., Gray, Jim, Grebel, Eva K., Grodnicki, Lauren, Gunn, James E., Gurbani, Vijay K., Hall, Patrick B., Hao, Lei, Harbeck, Daniel, Harris, Frederick H., Harris, Hugh C., Harvanek, Michael, Hawley, Suzanne L., Heckman, Timothy M., Helmboldt, J. F., Hendry, John S., Hennessy, Gregory S., Hindsley, Robert B., Hogg, David W., Holmgren, Donald J., Holtzman, Jon A., Homer, Lee, Hui, Lam, Ichikawa, Shin-ichi, Ichikawa, Takashi, Inkmann, John P., Ivezic, Zeljko, Jester, Sebastian, Johnston, David E., Jordan, Beatrice, Jordan, Wendell P., Jorgensen, Anders M., Juri, Mario, Kauffmann, Guinevere, Kent, Stephen M., Kleinman, S. J., Knapp, G. R., Kniazev, Alexei Y., Kron, Richard G., Krzesiski, Jurek, Kunszt, Peter Z., Kuropatkin, Nickolai, Lamb, Donald Q., Lampeitl, Hubert, Laubscher, Bryan E., Lee, Brian C., Leger, R. French, Li, Nolan, Lidz, Adam, Lin, Huan, Loh, Yeong-Shang, Long, Daniel C., Loveday, Jon, Lupton, Robert H., Malik, Tanu, Margon, Bruce, McGehee, Peregrine M., McKay, Timothy A., Meiksin, Avery, Miknaitis, Gajus A., Moorthy, Bhasker K., Munn, Jeffrey A., Murphy, Tara, Nakajima, Reiko, Narayanan, Vijay K., Nash, Thomas, Neilsen, Eric H. Jr., Newberg, Heidi Jo, Newman, Peter R., Nichol, Robert C., Nicinski, Tom, Nieto-Santisteban, Maria, Nitta, Atsuko, Odenkirchen, Michael, Okamura, Sadanori, Ostriker, Jeremiah P., Owen, Russell, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Peoples, John, Pier, Jeffrey R., Pindor, Bartosz, Pope, Adrian C., Quinn, Thomas R., Rafikov, R. R., Raymond, Sean N., Richards, Gordon T., Richmond, Michael W., Rix, Hans-Walter, Rockosi, Constance M., Schaye, Joop, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Schroeder, Joshua, Scranton, Ryan, Sekiguchi, Maki, Seljak, Uro, Sergey, Gary, Sesar, Branimir, Sheldon, Erin, Shimasaku, Kazu, Siegmund, Walter A., Silvestri, Nicole M., Sinisgalli, Allan J., Sirko, Edwin, Smith, J. Allyn, Smoli, Vernesa, Snedden, Stephanie A., Stebbins, Albert, Steinhardt, Charles, Stinson, Gregory, Stoughton, Chris, Strateva, Iskra V., Strauss, Michael A., SubbaRao, Mark, Szalay, Alexander S., Szapudi, Istvn, Szkody, Paula, Tasca, Lidia, Tegmark, Max, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Tremonti, Christy, Tucker, Douglas L., Uomoto, Alan, Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Vandenberg, Jan, Vogeley, Michael S., Voges, Wolfgang, Vogt, Nicole P., Walkowicz, Lucianne M., Weinberg, David H., West, Andrew A., White, Simon D. M., Wilhite, Brian C., Willman, Beth, Xu, Yongzhong, Yanny, Brian, Yarger, Jean, Yasuda, Naoki, Yip, Ching-Wa, Yocum, D. R., York, Donald G., Zakamska, Nadia L., Zehavi, Idit, Zheng, Wei, Zibetti, Stefano, and Zucker, Daniel B.

Subjects
atlases, catalogs, surveys
Abstract

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has validated and made publicly available its First Data Release. This consists of 2099 deg2 of five-band (u, g, r, i, z) imaging data, 186,240 spectra of galaxies, quasars, stars and calibrating blank sky patches selected over 1360 deg2 of this area, and tables of measured parameters from these data. The imaging data go to a depth of r ≈ 22.6 and are photometrically and astrometrically calibrated to 2% rms and 100 mas rms per coordinate, respectively. The spectra cover the range 3800–9200 Å, with a resolution of 1800–2100. This paper describes the characteristics of the data with emphasis on improvements since the release of commissioning data (the SDSS Early Data Release) and serves as a pointer to extensive published and on-line documentation of the survey., Astronomy

Published
2003
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18. The Luminosity Function of Galaxies in SDSS Commissioning Data

Author

Blanton, Michael R., Dalcanton, Julianne, Eisenstein, Daniel James, Loveday, Jon, Strauss, Michael A., SubbaRao, Mark, Weinberg, David H., Anderson, Jr., John E., Annis, James, Bahcall, Neta A., Bernardi, Mariangela, Brinkmann, J., Brunner, Robert J., Burles, Scott, Carey, Larry, Castander, Francisco J., Connolly, Andrew J., Csabai, István, Doi, Mamoru, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Friedman, Scott, Frieman, Joshua A., Fukugita, Masataka, Gunn, James E., Hennessy, G. S., Hindsley, Robert B., Hogg, David W., Ichikawa, Takashi, Ivezic, Zeljko, Kent, Stephen, Knapp, G. R., Lamb, D. Q., Leger, R. French, Long, Daniel C., Lupton, Robert H., McKay, Timothy A., Meiksin, Avery, Merelli, Aronne, Munn, Jeffrey A., Narayanan, Vijay, Newcomb, Matt, Nichol, R. C., Okamura, Sadanori, Owen, Russell, Pier, Jeffrey R., Pope, Adrian, Postman, Marc, Quinn, Thomas, Rockosi, Constance M., Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Shimasaku, Kazuhiro, Siegmund, Walter A., Smee, Stephen, Snir, Yehuda, Stoughton, Chris, Stubbs, Christopher, Szalay, Alexander S., Szokoly, Gyula P., Thakar, Aniruddha R., Tremonti, Christy, Tucker, Douglas L., Uomoto, Alan, Vanden Berk, Dan, Vogeley, Michael S., Waddell, Patrick, Yanny, Brian, Yasuda, Naoki, and York, Donald G.

Subjects
galaxies : fundamental parameters, galaxies : photometry, galaxies : statistics
Abstract

In the course of its commissioning observations, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has produced one of the largest redshift samples of galaxies selected from CCD images. Using 11,275 galaxies complete to r* = 17.6 over 140 deg2, we compute the luminosity function of galaxies in the r* band over a range -23 < M < -16 (for h = 1). The result is well-described by a Schechter function with parameters phgr* = (1.46 ± 0.12) × 10-2 h3 Mpc-3, M* = -20.83 ± 0.03, and α = -1.20 ± 0.03. The implied luminosity density in r* is j ≈ (2.6 ± 0.3) × 108h L⊙ Mpc-3. We find that the surface brightness selection threshold has a negligible impact for M < -18. Using subsets of the data, we measure the luminosity function in the u*, g*, i*, and z* bands as well; the slope at low luminosities ranges from α = -1.35 to α = -1.2. We measure the bivariate distribution of r* luminosity with half-light surface brightness, intrinsic g*-r* color, and morphology. In agreement with previous studies, we find that high surface brightness, red, highly concentrated galaxies are on average more luminous than low surface brightness, blue, less concentrated galaxies. An important feature of the SDSS luminosity function is the use of Petrosian magnitudes, which measure a constant fraction of a galaxy's total light regardless of the amplitude of its surface brightness profile. If we synthesize results for RGKC band or bj band using these Petrosian magnitudes, we obtain luminosity densities 2 times that found by the Las Campanas Redshift Survey in RGKC and 1.4 times that found by the Two Degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey in bj. However, we are able to reproduce the luminosity functions obtained by these surveys if we also mimic their isophotal limits for defining galaxy magnitudes, which are shallower and more redshift dependent than the Petrosian magnitudes used by the SDSS., Astronomy

Published
2001
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19. Composite Quasar Spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Richards, Gordon T., Bauer, Amanda, Strauss, Michael A., Schneider, Donald P., Heckman, Timothy M., York, Donald G., Hall, Patrick B., Fan, Xiaohui, Knapp, G. R., Anderson, Scott F., Annis, James, Bahcall, Neta A., Bernardi, Mariangela, Briggs, John W., Brinkmann, J., Brunner, Robert, Burles, Scott, Carey, Larry, Castander, Francisco J., Connolly, A. J., Crocker, J. H., Csabai, István, Doi, Mamoru, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Friedman, Scott, Frieman, Joshua A., Fukugita, Masataka, Gunn, James E., Hennessy, G. S., Ivezic, Zeljko, Kent, Stephen, Kunszt, Peter Z., Lamb, D. Q., Leger, R. French, Long, Daniel C., Loveday, Jon, Lupton, Robert H., Meiksin, Avery, Merelli, Aronne, Munn, Jeffrey A., Newberg, Heidi Jo, Newcomb, Matt, Nichol, R. C., Owen, Russell, Pier, Jeffrey R., Pope, Adrian, Rockosi, Constance M., Schlegel, David J., Siegmund, Walter A., Smee, Stephen, Snir, Yehuda, Stoughton, Chris, Stubbs, Christopher William, SubbaRao, Mark, Szalay, Alexander S., Szokoly, Gyula P., Tremonti, Christy, Uomoto, Alan, Waddell, Patrick, Yanny, Brian, and Zheng, Wei

Subjects
quasars : emission lines, quasars : general
Abstract

We have created a variety of composite quasar spectra using a homogeneous data set of over 2200 spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The quasar sample spans a redshift range of 0.044 ≤ z ≤ 4.789 and an absolute r' magnitude range of -18.0 to -26.5. The input spectra cover an observed wavelength range of 3800–9200 Å at a resolution of 1800. The median composite covers a rest-wavelength range from 800 to 8555 Å and reaches a peak signal-to-noise ratio of over 300 per 1 Å resolution element in the rest frame. We have identified over 80 emission-line features in the spectrum. Emission-line shifts relative to nominal laboratory wavelengths are seen for many of the ionic species. Peak shifts of the broad permitted and semiforbidden lines are strongly correlated with ionization energy, as previously suggested, but we find that the narrow forbidden lines are also shifted by amounts that are strongly correlated with ionization energy. The magnitude of the forbidden line shifts is lesssim100 km s-1, compared with shifts of up to 550 km s-1 for some of the permitted and semiforbidden lines. At wavelengths longer than the Lyα emission, the continuum of the geometric mean composite is well fitted by two power laws, with a break at ≈5000 Å. The frequency power-law index, αν, is -0.44 from ≈1300 to 5000 Å and -2.45 redward of ≈5000 Å. The abrupt change in slope can be accounted for partly by host-galaxy contamination at low redshift. Stellar absorption lines, including higher order Balmer lines, seen in the composites suggest that young or intermediate-age stars make a significant contribution to the light of the host galaxies. Most of the spectrum is populated by blended emission lines, especially in the range 1500–3500 Å, which can make the estimation of quasar continua highly uncertain unless large ranges in wavelength are observed. An electronic table of the median quasar template is available., Astronomy

Published
2001
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20. Colors of 2625 Quasars at 0 < z < 5 Measured in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Photometric System

Author

Richards, Gordon T., Fan, Xiaohui, Schneider, Donald P., Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Strauss, Michael A., York, Donald G., Anderson, Jr., John E., Anderson, Scott F., Annis, James, Bahcall, Neta A., Bernardi, Mariangela, Briggs, John W., Brinkmann, J., Brunner, Robert, Burles, Scott, Carey, Larry, Castander, Francisco J., Connolly, A. J., Crocker, J. H., Csabai, István, Doi, Mamoru, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Friedman, Scott D., Frieman, Joshua A., Fukugita, Masataka, Gunn, James E., Hindsley, Robert B., Ivezic, Zeljko, Kent, Stephen, Knapp, G. R., Lamb, D. Q., Leger, R. French, Long, Daniel C., Loveday, Jon, Lupton, Robert H., McKay, Timothy A., Meiksin, Avery, Merrelli, Aronne, Munn, Jeffrey A., Newberg, Heidi Jo, Newcomb, Matt, Nichol, R. C., Owen, Russell, Pier, Jeffrey R., Pope, Adrian, Richmond, Michael W., Rockosi, Constance M., Schlegel, David J., Siegmund, Walter A., Smee, Stephen, Snir, Yehuda, Stoughton, Chris, Stubbs, Christopher William, SubbaRao, Mark, Szalay, Alexander S., Szokoly, Gyula P., Tremonti, Christy, Uomoto, Alan, Waddell, Patrick, Yanny, Brian, and Zheng, Wei

Subjects
catalogs, quasars: general, surveys
Abstract

We present an empirical investigation of the colors of quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric system. The sample studied includes 2625 quasars with SDSS photometry: 1759 quasars found during SDSS spectroscopic commissioning and SDSS follow-up observations on other telescopes, 50 matches to FIRST quasars, 573 matches to quasars from the NASA Extragalactic Database, and 243 quasars from two or more of these sources. The quasars are distributed in a 2fdg5 wide stripe centered on the celestial equator covering ~529 deg2. Positions (accurate to 0farcs2) and SDSS magnitudes are given for the 898 quasars known prior to SDSS spectroscopic commissioning. New SDSS quasars, which range in brightness from i* = 15.39 to the photometric magnitude limit of the survey, represent an increase of over 200% in the number of known quasars in this area of the sky. The ensemble average of the observed colors of quasars in the SDSS passbands are well represented by a power-law continuum with αν = -0.5 (fν ∝ να) and are close to those predicted by previous simulations. However, the contributions of the "small blue (or λ3000) bump" and other strong emission lines have a significant effect upon the colors. The color-redshift relation exhibits considerable structure, which may be of use in determining photometric redshifts for quasars from their colors alone. The range of colors at a given redshift can generally be accounted for by a range in the optical spectral index with a distribution αν = -0.5 ± 0.65 (95% confidence), but there is a red tail in the distribution. This tail may be a sign of internal reddening, especially since fainter objects at a given redshift tend to exhibit redder colors than the average. Finally, we show that there is a continuum of properties between quasars and Seyfert galaxies, and we test the validity of the traditional dividing line (MB = -23) between the two classes of active galactic nuclei., Astronomy

Published
2001
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22. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Survey: Quasar Luminosity Function from Data Release 3.

Author

Richards, Gordon T., Strauss, Michael A., Fan, Xiaohui, Hall, Patrick B., Jester, Sebastian, Schneider, Donald P., Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Stoughton, Chris, Anderson, Scott F., Brunner, Robert J., Gray, Jim, Gunn, James E., Ivezić, Željko, Kirkland, Margaret K., Knapp, G. R., Loveday, Jon, Meiksin, Avery, Pope, Adrian, Szalay, Alexander S., and Thakar, Anirudda R.

Published
2006
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24. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog. III. Third Data Release.

Author

Schneider, Donald P., Hall, Patrick B., Richards, Gordon T., Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Anderson, Scott F., Fan, Xiaohui, Jester, Sebastian, Stoughton, Chris, Strauss, Michael A., SubbaRao, Mark, Brandt, W. N., Gunn, James E., Yanny, Brian, Bahcall, Neta A., Barentine, J. C., Blanton, Michael R., Boroski, William N., Brewington, Howard J., Brinkmann, J., and Brunner, Robert

Published
2005
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26. A Catalog of Compact Groups of Galaxies in the SDSS Commissioning Data.

Author

Lee, Brian C., Allam, Sahar S., Tucker, Douglas L., Annis, James, Johnston, David E., Scranton, Ryan, Acebo, Yamina, Bahcall, Neta A., Bartelmann, Matthias, Böhringer, Hans, Ellman, Nancy, Grebel, Eva K., Infante, Leopoldo, Loveday, Jon, McKay, Timothy A., Prada, Francisco, Schneider, Donald P., Stoughton, Chris, Szalay, Alexander S., and Vogeley, Michael S.

Published
2004
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27. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog. II. First Data Release.

Author

Schneider, Donald P., Fan, Xiaohui, Hall, Patrick B., Jester, Sebastian, Richards, Gordon T., Stoughton, Chris, Strauss, Michael A., SubbaRao, Mark, Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Anderson, Scott F., Brandt, W. N., Gunn, James E., Gray, Jim, Trump, Jonathan R., Voges, Wolfgang, Yanny, Brian, Bahcall, Neta A., Blanton, Michael R., Boroski, William N., and Brinkmann, J.

Published
2003
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29. Spectroscopic Target Selection in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The Quasar Sample.

Author

Richards, Gordon T., Fan, Xiaohui, Newberg, Heidi Jo, Strauss, Michael A., Vanden Berk, Daniel E., Schneider, Donald P., Yanny, Brian, Boucher, Adam, Burles, Scott, Frieman, Joshua A., Gunn, James E., Hall, Patrick B., Ivezić, Željko, Kent, Stephen, Loveday, Jon, Lupton, Robert H., Rockosi, Constance M., Schlegel, David J., Stoughton, Chris, and SubbaRao, Mark

Published
2002
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31. Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Early Data Release.

Author

Stoughton, Chris, Lupton, Robert H., Bernardi, Mariangela, Blanton, Michael R., Burles, Scott, Castander, Francisco J., Connolly, A. J., Eisenstein, Daniel J., Frieman, Joshua A., Hennessy, G. S., Hindsley, Robert B., Ivezić, Željko, Kent, Stephen, Kunszt, Peter Z., Lee, Brian C., Meiksin, Avery, Munn, Jeffrey A., Newberg, Heidi Jo, Nichol, R. C., and Nicinski, Tom

Published
2002
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33. Detection of Massive Tidal Tails around the Globular Cluster Palomar 5 with Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data.

Author

Odenkirchen, Michael, Grebel, Eva K., Rockosi, Constance M., Dehnen, Walter, Ibata, Rodrigo, Rix, Hans-Walter, Stolte, Andrea, Wolf, Christian, Anderson, Jr., John E., Bahcall, Neta A., Brinkmann, Jon, Csabai, István, Hennessy, G., Hindsley, Robert B., Ivezić, Željko, Lupton, Robert H., Munn, Jeffrey A., Pier, Jeffrey R., Stoughton, Chris, and York, Donald G.

Published
2001
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36. Interferometric Constraints on Spacelike Coherent Rotational Fluctuations.

Author

Richardson, Jonathan W., Ohkyung Kwon, Gustafson, H. Richard, Hogan, Craig, Kamai, Brittany L., McCuller, Lee P., Meyer, Stephan S., Stoughton, Chris, Tomlin, Raymond E., and Weiss, Rainer

Subjects
*GEOMETRIC quantization, *MICHELSON interferometer, *DEGREES of freedom, *SPACETIME, *INTERFEROMETERS
Abstract

Precision measurements are reported of the cross-spectrum of rotationally induced differential position displacements in a pair of colocated 39 m long, high-power Michelson interferometers. One arm of each interferometer is bent 90° near its midpoint to obtain sensitivity to rotations about an axis normal to the plane of the instrument. The instrument achieves quantum-limited sensing of spatially correlated signals in a broad frequency band extending beyond the 3.9-MHz inverse light travel time of the apparatus. For stationary signals with bandwidth Δf>10  kHz, the sensitivity to rotation-induced strain h of classical or exotic origin surpasses CSDδh

Published
2021
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37. First Measurements of High Frequency Cross-Spectra from a Pair of Large Michelson Interferometers.

Author

Chou, Aaron S., Gustafson, Richard, Hogan, Craig, Kamai, Brittany, Ohkyung Kwon, Lanza, Robert, McCuller, Lee, Meyer, Stephan S., Richardson, Jonathan, Stoughton, Chris, Tomlin, Raymond, Waldman, Samuel, and Weiss, Rainer

Subjects
*MICHELSON interferometer, *CROSS correlation, *SPECTRUM analysis
Abstract

Measurements are reported of the cross-correlation of spectra of differential position signals from the Fermilab Holometer, a pair of colocated 39 m long, high power Michelson interferometers with flat broadband frequency response in the MHz range. The instrument obtains sensitivity to high frequency correlated signals far exceeding any previous measurement in a broad frequency band extending beyond the 3.8 MHz inverse light-crossing time of the apparatus. The dominant but uncorrelated shot noise is averaged down over 2×108 independent spectral measurements with 381 Hz frequency resolution to obtain 2.1×10-20m/√Hz sensitivity to stationary signals. For signal bandwidths Δf > 11 kHz, the sensitivity to strain h or shear power spectral density of classical or exotic origin surpasses a milestone PSDδh< tp where tp = 5.39×10-44/Hz is the Planck time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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38. Constraints on Scalar Field Dark Matter from Colocated Michelson Interferometers.

Author

Aiello L, Richardson JW, Vermeulen SM, Grote H, Hogan C, Kwon O, and Stoughton C

Abstract

Low-mass (sub-eV) scalar field dark matter may induce apparent oscillations of fundamental constants, resulting in corresponding oscillations of the size and the index of refraction of solids. Laser interferometers are highly sensitive to changes in the size and index of refraction of the main beam splitter. Using cross-correlated data of the Fermilab Holometer instrument, which consists of twin colocated 40-m arm length power-recycled interferometers, we investigate the possible existence of scalar field dark matter candidates in the mass range between 1.6×10^{-12}  eV and 1.0×10^{-7}  eV. We set new upper limits for the coupling parameters of scalar field dark matter, improving on limits from previous direct searches by up to 3 orders of magnitude.

Published
2022
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