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Duygular, soyut ve kişisel olmakla birlikte kültürel kaynaklı olması ve davranışlara yansımasından dolayı sosyolojinin ilgi alanı içerisinde yer almaktadır. Duygular psikolojik manada genetikle ilişkilendirilirken sosyolojik açıdan kişiler arası ilişkiler, iletişim, sosyal etki ve sosyal yapı içerisinde değerlendirilir. Sportif etkinlikler ise insanların bir araya gelerek, performans sergiledikleri ve duygularını birbirlerine aktararak sosyalleşmeyi destekleyen faaliyetlerdir. Beraberinde antrenman ve maçlarda yaşanılan endişe, kaygı ve öfke gibi olumsuz duygular ile mutluluk, sevinç ve istek gibi olumlu duygular spor insanlarının ve taraftarların davranışlarına yön verebilir nitelikteki görünümlerdir. Bu makale duygular sosyolojisi bağlamında Türkiye’deki sportif aktivitelerin duygu oluşturan yapısını ve spor insanları ve kamuoyu üzerindeki etkilerini ve rolünü tartışmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla ilgili literatür ve gözlemler çerçevesinde duygular ve spor ilişkisi irdelenmekte ve spor kültürünün oluşumuna ilişkin çıkarımlarda bulunulmaktadır. Nihayetinde sportif etkinliklerde ortaya çıkan olumlu ve olumsuz duygusal tepkilerin sosyal bağlamları içerisinde değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ve sosyo-kültürel özellikleri yansıttığı vurgulanmaktadır.

Copyright of Journal of Sociological Context / Sosyolojik Bağlam Dergisi is the property of Journal of Sociological Context and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Administrative Sciences / Yonetim Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Universitesi, Terzioglu Kampusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The aim of this study is to determine whether the social structural characteristics of high school and university students who participate in fencing are related to their collective efficacy and goal orientation. This study uses a descriptive (survey) research model based on quantitative observation. The research is limited to fencing athletes who are active in licensed, high school, and university education in 2020-2021 Academic Year. Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ), which was developed by Duda (8) to measure the goal orientation of fencing athletes participating in the study, was adapted for Turkish athletes by Toros (24), Collective Efficacy Scale (CES), which was developed by Riggs et al. (19) to measure their collective efficacies adapted for Turkish athletes by Öcel (18) and the socio-demographic information form were used to measure the characteristics of social structure. In the analysis, independent samples t-test, Pearson Correlation test, one-way analysis of variance test (Anova), Tukey post hoc test, and Tamhane's post hoc test were performed. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was no significant difference between the collective proficiency levels of the athletes according to gender, being a national athlete, educational status of their parents, duration of continuing fencing and family income. It was determined that there was a significant difference according to the number of cases. It has been determined that there is no significant difference between the goal orientation and sub-dimensions of the athletes according to gender, age, educational status, whether there are other licensed fencing athletes in the family, whether they are national athletes, duration of fencing, number of siblings and family income. While no significant relationship was found between collective efficacy and goal orientation and its sub-dimensions in male athletes and athletes over the age of 14, a significant relationship was found between collective efficacy and ego orientation in female athletes. While a significant relationship was found between goal orientation and its sub-dimensions, and between ego orientation and goal orientation in athletes aged 16 and older, no significant relationship was found between task and ego orientations in athletes aged 14-15.

Cihat Burak, born on August 8, 1915, in Istanbul, died in the same city on March 13, 1994. The artist, completed his secondary education at the Galatasaray High School, continued his education in the architecture department of the Istanbul State Academy of Fine Arts. The artist, completed his bachelor's degree in 1943, started his first job at the general directorate of TEKEL (the Turkish tobacco and alcoholic beverages company) in Ankara. In 1952, he went to France via the United Nations scholarship. In 1965, he came back to his homeland. In those years, he both continued on his artworks and joined several significant projects as an architect. Cihat Burak gave examples from various lives belonged to those years in his indoor and outdoor works to be addressed to the social structure in that period. The artist interpreted pattern and space deformation distinctively that were managed consciously in his artworks by combining with a humorous narration. In his artworks, the traces of his power of imagination and the effect of his childish genuineness are seen. In his paintings dominated dark colours, he narrated the figures in a certain perspective composition by piling on the surface. He included a narration like a tale in every single part of his paintings. The artist mentioned subjects regarding social realism besides city life which had characteristics of popular culture. He used the line as a main narration of his paintings and captured a dynamic view with wiggly brush strokes. The contour line that he used in the figures provided independent patterns of each other to arise. The artist painted the figures in his paintings in order of their priorities and in accordance with the theme he worked. In addition, he used second dimension in his works. His paintings, traced with Turkish miniature art, gathered traditional and modern art together. In this study, qualitative data analysis was conducted and archival literature was held. Printed and electronic sources of various journals, books, articles and theses were used. As a result of the research, it was determined that the artist humorously transferred the social and cultural structure of the period he lived in to the canvas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the Princes' Islands were relatively quiet island villages until the 19th century, they have become the most popular summer resorts of Istanbul with the ease of transportation since the middle of the 19th century. Even though Heybeliada is the second largest member of this archipelago, it has attracted particular attention due to the important educational institutions on it. This island has never been inferior to Büyükada in terms of population, and the same can be said about its economy. This article examines the social and economic structure of Heybeliada in the first half of the 19th century based on the population register dated 1836-1840 CE/1252-1255 AH and the temettuat register dated 1845 CE/1261 AH. In addition to these two sources, the study also benefits from the provisions related to Heybeliada in the 6th Sharia Registry of the Princes' Islands dated 1835-1846 CE/1251-1262 AH as well as State Archives. The study first examines within its scope the population structure of Heybeliada. Then it transitions to the economic life on the island, in which it examines the current occupational groups and their earnings in addition to the agricultural life and determines the types of real estate, usage situations, and incomes. Lastly, the study discusses taxes and attempts to reveal a portrait of the island during the examined period based on all the above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

İslam tasavvufu tarihî seyri içinde VI./XII. yüzyıldan itibaren tarikatların inkişafıyla kurumsallaşmaya başlamış, böylece XII. ve XIII. yüzyıllarda İslâm coğrafyasının birçok yerinde tekkeler toplum hayatına girmiştir. Doğuda siyasi anlamda Moğol istilaları gibi sorunlar, Anadolu topraklarının birçok mutasavvıfla tanışmasını beraberinde getirmiş; Osmanlı Devleti’nin kurulmasıyla birçok tarikat Anadolu coğrafyasında faaliyet gösterip yaygınlaşma imkânı bulmuştur. Tarikatlara ait tekkeler tasavvufî düşünce ve yaşamın topluma açılan kapısı olmuş ve sosyal yapı üzerinde kalıcı izler bırakmıştır. Medresede yetişen alimler ise Osmanlı toplum yapısını şekillendiren diğer bir unsur olup genelde kitabî İslam’ın temsilcisi olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada; Haşim Şahin tarafından hazırlanan, Osmanlı’nın kuruluş döneminde toplumsal yapıyı inanç, düşünce, kültür gibi birçok açıdan inşa eden derviş zümreleri ile beraber, fakihlerin ve gazilerin tesirlerinin de anlatıldığı eserin incelenmesi yapılmıştır.

Ekonomik-politik aksamalara rağmen, Irak Selçukluları, XII. yüzyılda Batı İran ve Azerbaycan’ın her yönüyle gelişimine katkıda bulundu. Bunun sonucunda Hemedan, İsfahan ve Tebriz gibi zengin şehirler, Azerbaycan gibi Anadolu ile aynı zamanda yurt haline getirilen güzel bir vatan, kendinden sonra bütün bölgeyi sahiplenecek atabeylikler ve beylikler bıraktı. Sosyal, ekonomik, dinî ve kültürel yapının gelişmesine, zenginleşmesine, güzelleşmesine, insanların mutluluğuna, barışa ve güvenliğe önem verdiler. Bu özellikleriyle, takip eden yüzyıllarda örnek bir devlet varlığı haline geldiler. Râvendi gibi modern İran tarihçileri, Selçuklular döneminin güzelliğini vurgulayan bu fenomene övgüde bulundular. Irak Selçukluları sultanları angarya vergileri kaldırarak şehirlerde ticareti canlandırdılar. Tarımı iyileştirmek amacıyla köylerde ve mezralarda sulama kanalları oluştulurken, tüketim malları, ticaret ve fiyat hareketleri için üretim süreci sıkı bir denetime tabi tutuldu. Kültürel alanda, şairlerin yanı sıra âlimleri desteklediler, medreseler ve eğitim kurumları inşa ettiler. Yönettikleri halkın din ve etnik kökenlerine bakmaksızın hepsine adil davrandılar. Müslüman din adamlarına saygı gösterdiler. Müslüman zaviyelerine yardımla yetinmeyip Hıristiyanların ve Yahudilerin dinî, sosyal, ticarî ve kültürel faaliyetlerine de müdahalede bulunmadılar.

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Copyright of OPUS - International Journal of Society Researches is the property of OPUS - International Journal of Society Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Historically, the most significant changes in the demographical structure of Anatolia have occurred in the last 150 years. In the last two centuries of the Ottoman Empire, the territories began to shrink as a result of the weakening of the Empire, losing wars and thus, losing significant portions of lands. The region that was affected most from this territorial shrinking process was Anatolia, which was considered as a safe haven at the nucleus of the Ottoman Empire. It is a commonly held view that the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878 (the War of '93) was a critical point for the demographic structure of Anatolia. As a result of the disastrous defeat suffered at the hands of the Tsarist Russia the Muslim populations of the Balkans immigrated en masse to the Anatolian territories. This immigration wave left lasting effects on the demographic structure of the Ottoman Empire while at the same time creating the opportunity for the Balkan nations to constitute their nation-states. The independence movements in the Balkans were followed by the political changes in the Caucasian region and the Muslims of Crimea and Caucasia began to flood into Anatolia in large numbers beginning in the 1860s. The new "national" Turkish state, founded after the War of National Struggle in the first quarter of the 20th century, has been well established on a sociological basis in terms of nation-building with the integration of the Muslim refugees from the Balkans and the Caucasus with the native Muslim population of Anatolia. This nation-building process of modern Turkey during the first half of the 20th century was closely examined by the American officials who compiled a social and demographic map of Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Çağdaş Uygur edebiyatının önemli temsilcileri arasında yer alan Zordun Sabir, kaleme aldığı eserleri ile gerek dil gerekse üslup açısından büyük başarılara imza atmıştır. Birçok yazın türünde eser vermiş, yurt içinde ve dışında çeşitli ödüllere layık görülmüştür. Genellikle gerçek olaylardan yola çıkarak yazdığı roman ve hikâyelerinde psikolojik tahlillere yer verirken Uygur toplumunun sosyal yapısını da gözler önüne sermeyi ihmal etmemiştir. Bu çalışmada; Zordun Sabir’in Anayurt adlı romanında konu edilen ve 1940’lı yıllarda gerçekleşen milli mücadele döneminde Rusya ile Çin arasında kalan Uygur toplumunun sosyal yapısının nasıl ortaya koyulduğu incelenecektir. Böylece edebi düzlemde ortaya çıkmış olan sosyal yapıdaki çarpıklıkların nedenleri ve sonuçları daha iyi anlaşılabilecektir.

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Bu çalışmada, toplumsal kültürümüzdeki yerleşik memuriyen eğilimlere, onların inşa süreçlerine ve bunların beraberinde oluşan tutum ve davranışların tarihsel/toplumsal kökenlerine odaklanılmaktadır. Özellikle memur zihni/pratiğine, bunun içsel dinamiklerle olan ilişkisine değinilmekte ve bunların girişimci/kapitalist güdülerin ortaya çıkmasındaki ketleyici rolüne işaret edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, toplumsal yapımızda yer etmiş memurcu temayüllerin bürokratik, toplumsal ve kültürel yapıyla olan ilişkisi kurulmakta, özellikle; Prens Sabahattin, Baha Tevfik, Mustafa Suphi, Sabri F. Ülgener ve Z. Fahri Fındıkoğlu gibi sosyal bilimcilerin meseleye ilişkin görüşleri ana hatlarıyla ele alınmaktadır. Böylece, Türkiye’de öteden beri eleştiri konusu edilen köklü memuriyen temayüllere ilişkin tarihsel ve sosyal bir arka plan oluşturulma çalışılmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bürokratik gelenek, memur, memuriyen kalıplar, sosyal yapı.

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Copyright of Megaron is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Turizm sadece ekonomik bir olay değil, sosyal, kültürel, coğrafi, siyasal yönleri de olan, toplumu ve sosyal yapıyı etkisi altına alan ulusal ve uluslar arası platformdaki harekettir. Gerek ülkeler içinde, gerek ülkeler arasında, büyük insan kitleleri, dinlenmek, yeni yerler görmek, değişik kültürleri tanımak amacıyla seyahat etmektedirler. Turizm olayı, bireyleri ve insan topluluklarını içeren bir olaydır. Dolayısıyla, birey, aile, toplum ve sosyal sınıflar üzerindeki olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri sonucunda meydana gelen değişiklikler, kişilerin yaşam biçimini değiştirmekle kalmamış, aynı zamanda kentlerin ve kırsal kesimin yapısını da değiştirmiştir. Turizmin olumsuz etkilerinin en aza indirilebilmesi, toplumsal taşıma kapasitesinin aşınmaması ile mümkün olabilir.

There is not a precise date as to the emergence of the caste system in the Indian subcontinent, yet the system has made a deep impression on society in terms of social and religious aspects. This system is the backbone of Indian society. It is a pyramid that came into being as a result of racial and religious discrimination. The caste system, which is a typical example of closed stratication, reects different ways of life in society. Further, the status of caste members is stable. Mobility in the caste system is banned and so is the marriage between members of different social classes. Using the qualitative research method, this essay examines the ways in which the characteristics of different social ranks determined by the system in Rgveda, the oldest holy book of Hindus, and in dramatic works as well as epics had an impact on society.The work also explores how the religious beliefs of a society inuence the social order and whether this inuence is still ongoing. This essay argues that although the caste system has disintegrated in the course of history, it is believed that it still is an effective way of eliciting social stratication.

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Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Das Wahlverhalten der türkischstämmigen Migranten in Deutschland ist immer ein Diskussionsthema. Wegen des Migrationshintergrunds ist die Wahlentscheidung der eingebürgerten Türken ein komplexer Prozess, weil sie aus einer anderen politischen und sozialen Kultur kommen und ihre Sozialstruktur in Deutschland von dieser Kultur geprägt wird. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Zielsetzung dieser empirischen Untersuchung, die Wahlentscheidung der türkischstämmigen Wählerschaft nach den wichtigen sozialstrukturellen Indikatoren zu analysieren. Diese Variablen sind das Geschlecht, die Staatsbürgerschaft, das Alter, die berufliche Stellung und der Schulabschluss. Für diese Untersuchung wurde das persönliche (Face-to-Face) Interview als empirische Forschungsmethode ausgewählt. Nach dem empirisch gewonnen Daten zeigt sich, dass die Türkischstämmigen nach den sozialstrukturellen Indikatoren überwiegend die SPD und Grünen bevorzugen. Für diese Parteipräferenz wird keine große Distanz zwischen diesen Merkmalen gezeigt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A census was carried out during IInd Mahmud period (1808-1839) in Anatolia and Rumelia to determine the number of taxpayers and males to be recruited into the army. Thus, Muslim male population and Non-Muslim population, from whom cizye (a kind of tax paid by Non-Muslim minorities in the Ottoman Empire) would be collected, would be determined in neighbourhood, the smallest residence unit in the Ottoman country. Besides this census during IInd Mahmud period, various other censuses were conducted in 1844, 1852, 1856, 1866, 1881/82 and 1905. These censuses provide important data revealing demographic, economic and social structure for local historical studies on the period. This study will focus on Bölücek Neighbourhood of Kütahya Central District according to 1619-numbered census book (BOA, NFS. d. nr. 1619) recorded in 1834-1835 and now kept in Ottoman Archive of Prime Ministry under Turkish Republic General Directorate of State Archives of Prime Ministry. In the light of the data about Bölücek Neighbourhood, firstly, male Muslim population of the neighbourhood will be determined and demographic characteristics will be revealed. Next, analysing the names of the male names on record, statistical evaluation about their frequent or rare use will be conducted. Such other issues as family titles, whether these titles are still used today as title or surname, people's physical features, mukhtars and imams in charge of the neighbourhood, recruitable male population, the contribution of the area to the Ottoman army as soldiers, disabled population and business lines the male population was occupied with in the neighbourhood will be dealt with as detailed as the records make it possible. Moreover, other issues included in the study are age distribution of the male population in the neighbourhood and data about birth- female labour number and average infant number, infant death and other death cases will be analysed. Furthermore, emigration of the population for work, education or other aims will be analysed. Immigrants to the area will also be. Thus, it is aimed to shed light on the social and economic structure of an Ottoman Neighbourhood in Anatolia over Bölücek Neighbourhood sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The people and society's interaction network has become extremely complex in globalized world. Globalization has both positive contribution to people and communities' lives and also adverse effects on them. While entering a long fast and effective process, scientific development contributes to positive developments occurring in the world, the domain of terrorist organizations overflow the country's borders and even can threaten all over the world by using this development on behalf of themselves. Terrorist organization known as ISIS has managed to extend its domain in a short time by using the advantages of globalization; it has become a threat to the world from being regional. Every day brings with a data giving rise to concerns that ISIS could threaten the world peace for a while. Therefore we aimed to demonstrate the structure of this terrorist organization that feared people and affected our world negatively with sociological evaluation in our study. Despite the fact that ISIS was also considered to be a terrorist organization all over the world, participation to the organization continuing to increase with each passing day is also extremely thought-provoking. Our study is a literaure review and it is created by analyzing and systematizing the sources related to organization in a definite context. The ideology, economic power and media power are considered as the factors affecting the organization's structure and participation in the organization and analyzed. We aim to contribute by keeping light all it may concern on the need to improve the fight against ISIS's related threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Sociological Studies / Sosyoloji Konferanslari is the property of Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the collapse of the Anataliarı Selju·State, one of the principalities that emerged in the XIV century Westem Anatolia is the Germiyans who moved to the Kutahya region from the Malatya region. Kutahya being the capital of the principality, their borders went as far as to include Afyon, Uşak. Denizli and Kula. The Genniyans continued their reign from 1300 to 1429 when they were annexed by the Ottomans and they had constituted a much stronger and influential political structure when compared with the other principalities founded in Anatolia, thanks to their state organization, military, political influence and contributions to social life. The military and political success· of the Genniyans peaked with the ir scientific, cultural and reconstruction efforts in the YJV and XV centuries. Especially during the reign of Suleiman Shah and Yakup Beg II, cultural works significant to the Turkish history of culture were produced and also at that time economic growth enjoyed great progress. This study deals with the social-cultural and economic structure of the Genniyans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

he economic structure of the province of Muş which is the subject of this study, within the background of under development differences of the region, when compared with Turkey in general and TRB2 level 2 region, have indicated the rising severe economic underdevelopment in the province. These differences have caused many economic and social problems. The aim of this study is to determine the development potential of the province by investigating the social structure of Muş in the light of collected data. In this context the strengths and weaknesses of Muş province in the economic sense have been suggested according to the SWOT Analysis of the province. It has been also recorded that the fertile plains located in the province, soil structure, and favorable conditions for organic agriculture along with the dam named Alparslan II which is being constructed in the province and going to be operational soon enable to cultivate different types of products and to establish medium and large-sized agricultural enterprises under the application of new incentive system. Also it has been discovered that the pasture and meadow areas suitable for livestock in the province and the number of animals which will meet the demand of meat and meat-products enterprises to be established do not only present the importance of agricultural and livestock sector, but also create high potential for new investments [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Diyarbakır, after a long imperial experience and in the transition to the Republican period that represents the beginning of a reformist phase, will continue to be administrative, cultural and economic center in accordance with its historical position. Although developmental approaches have been tried to apply during the Ottaman period, it has been stayed away to achieve the objectives due to the deficiencies in the social structure, administrative and financial problems. With the transition to Republican phase, "Birinci Umum-i Müfettişlik"taking public intervention in the center with a regional developmental approach is going to be established. This gives significant clues about overcoming the economic development of Southeastern Anatolia as well as on the general developmental geographic-based political approach of the public. However, the nature of the inherited social structure, financial applications, factors such as industrial and agricultural production factors will be decisive in the struggle to the problem of development in Diyarbakır. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti'nin çöküşüyle birlikte XIV. yüzyılda Batı Anadolu'da ortaya çıkan beyliklerden birisi olan Germiyanoğullan, Mal~tya civaondan gelerek Kütahya bölgesine yerleşmişlerdir. Beylik adını Germiyanlı aşiretinden almıştır. Beyliğin merkezi Kütahya olmakla birlikte sınırlan Afyon, Uşak, Denizli, Ku la ve çevrelerine kadar genişlemiştir. 1300'den 1429 yıllan arasında yaklaşık olarak bir buÇ\Jk asır Anadolu'da hüküm süren ve daha sonra Osmanlı himayesine giren Germiyanoğullan, sahip olduğu devlet teşkilatı, askeri ve siyasi nüfuzu ve sosyal hayata katkılanyla o dönemde Anadolu'~a siyasi nüfuza sahip olan diğer beyliklere göre çok kuvvetli ve ehemmiyetli bir siyasi teşekkül oluşturmuştur. Beyliğin askeri ve siyasi başanlan XW-XV. yüzyılda ilmi, kültürel ve imarfaaliyetleri ile doru k noktaya ulaşmıştır. Bilhassa Süleyman Şah ve O. Yakup Bey zamanında Türk kültür tarihi bakımından büyük değer taşıyan kültürel eserler meydana getirilmiş, yine bu devirde büyük gelişme gösteren ekonomik hayat canlı hale getirilmiştir. Biz bu çalışmamızda, Germiyanoğlulannın sosyal-kültürel ve iktisadi yapısını ele almaya çalışacağız.

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work has been prepared for a purpose to make a social structure analysis of Black Sea Turks exiled from Batumi to Kyrgyz countryside by Soviet Russia in 1944. The main concern for choosing the Black Sea Turks is their being a community which is worthy of investigation. In that, we can see that they keep their cultures alive from the horon, entertainments, guests' rituals to folk songs though they have been living for 65 years far away from their origin region. Another reason making the Black Sea Turks special is that, unlike other exiles, they're not a diaspora community in that number and size, but they act like diaspora communities. And it should be noted that, they have begun to lose their culture slowly as older generation fades from the scene. Therefore, this study is significant in terms of the concern of creating a zero point and being a source for the studies about Black Sea Turks in the future. In this study, it has been aimed to make a social structure analysis by carrying out qualitative and quantitative techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Social Research / Turkiye Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hüseyin Orak who was one of the important businessmen of Ankara, sent his children for the country tour in 1936. In that duration, while Orak couldn't find the Turkey's guide book for his children's journey, the idea of an opus, (Guide of Turkey) was born. The project of Türkiye Kılavuzu had been implemented after the World War II, but it costed a great fortune. The project of Orak, unfortunately, had not aroused an expected interest, although he had sent teams all over the country by giving the allowances and covering the expenses. Orak, who started out with the idea of a social responsibility, could published only the first volume of Türkiye Kılavuzu despite of a great deal of effort, time and expenses. Turkey's fourteen cities individually studied in this volume, there were miscellaneous information related to these. This book is the basic and important resource for the researchers who work on city history, local culture and social structures. For example, 1940's Balıkesir, one of these cities, were introduced in the context of social, historical, economical, cultural and especially excursionary view in Türkiye Kılavuzu. In this paper, Türkiye Kılavuzu which is a rare book nowadays and its Balıkesir section will be examined with the story of finding of Türkiye Kılavuzu by authors of this article. In addition, this paper will reveal the formation of an opus as the first tourism and publicity guide of Turkey which actually could be seen the first social responsibility project of Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study deals with the question of why the religiosity of visiting, which is only centered around the tombs of saints, is performed and maintained. Phenomenological and Weberian and relative deprivation theories in sociology are used in order to analyze the problem of religiosity of visiting. Convictions and practices of the religiosity of visiting, which are structured around the tombs of saints and dervishes, are examined in a multidimensional way and in terms of typology. The charismatic power magnetizing the religiosity of visiting is the source of an abundance, fertility, purification and remedy which is believed to appease the various feelings of deprivation. Individuals who are incapable of coping with the economic, social, physical and psychological deprivations in social life perform a kind of religiosity of visiting in order to benefit from charismatic powers of saints and to submit their various wishes and demands and to make a vow. Consequently, religiosity accorded to visiting the tombs of saints and dervishes functions as a solution to various deprivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]