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Class II division 2 malocclusion, associated with mandibular retrognathia, presents distinct dental features and potential temporomandibular joint implications. Orthodontic interventions, particularly fixed appliance treatment, may lead to adaptive condyle reconstruction and establish a more suitable spatial relationship for the mandible. A case study of an 11-year-old female with Class II division 2 malocclusion illustrates DamonTM Passive Self-Ligating system efficiency and effectiveness. Anteroposterior correction was achieved with light elastics, eliminating the need for fixed Class II appliances and mitigating potential iatrogenic effects. Treatment progression involved strategic wire transitions, bracket repositioning, and meticulous occlusal assessments.

Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to analyse the type and the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment for anterior open bite (AOB). Material and methods. A study group of 52 patients with anterior open bite (AOB) were analysed according to age, gender, type of dentition and Angle classes of malocclusion. The type of anterior open bite, the type and treatment stages were analysed the, through descriptive statistics. Results. The anterior open bite was recorded in: 59.6% girls and (40.4%), boys, in 46,2% patients with mixed dentition and in 53.8% patients with permanent dentition and in 9.6% patients with Angle class I malocclusion, 34.6% with Angle class II malocclusion, 55.8 % patients with Angle class III malocclusion. AOB was functional in 38.5% patients and skeletal in 61.6% patients. A multitude of appliances have been used for the treatment of AOB in one (48.1%), two stages (46.2%) or combined with orthognathic surgery (5.8%). Statistically significantly correlation was found between AOB and age (p= 0.002), type of dentition (mixed or permanent) (p = 0.000). Also, statistically significant correlations were obtained between type of treatment and type of dentition (p = 0.000) and with treatment stages and Angle classes of malocclusion (p = 0.000). Conclusion. The treatment of AOB requires the selection of the most appropriate treatment method in accordance with the severity of the malocclusion, the age of the patient.

The early treatment of Class II/1 malocclusion is influenced by factors such as the severity of the anomaly, the time of initiation of orthodontic treatment, patient cooperation, treatment steps and the type of orthodontic appliance used. Early treatments act on growth by reducing skeletal discrepancies, correcting occlusal relationships, normalizing functions and allowing the sagittal growth potential of the mandible to be expressed. Functional appliances for the correction of mandibular retrognathism are effective if they are applied during the pubertal growth stage, when the effectiveness is maximum, but we must always keep in mind that the result of early treatment with functional appliances is the patient’s individual response to the type of treatment used.

The Fe-based alloy with manganese led to the appearance of new austenitic alloys, with the antiferromagnetic property pursued, resulting in compatibility with the magnetic field as that of magnetic resonance imaging. The corrosion resistance behavior of the biodegradable Fe-Mn-Si alloy was analyzed in a thermostatic chamber at 37±1°C for 24, 48 and 72 hours by immersing in Ringer solution. Also, the cast and laminated samples were subjected to electro-corrosion tests using a potentiostat equipment. Linear and cyclic potentiometry is presented for characterize the corrosion behavior of the experimental samples in electrolyte. Due to the interaction between the alloy and the liquid medium a change in the solution pH was observed. Structure analysis and chemical composition details of the surfaces were obtained using electron scanning microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

The purpose of the study was to investigate the usefulness of postero-anterior cephalograms (PAC) as valuable supplementary means of analysis of dento-facial asymmetries. Material and method. The study was conducted using the Grummons method of 53 PACs that were achieved in patients with dento-facial asymmetry. The data obtained were statistically processed using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Results.17.1% of patients presented unparalleled horizontal planes, 57.1% of patients have unequal areas of mandibular morphology triangles, 65.7% of the patients had maxilla-mandibular volumetric imbalance, 57.1% of patients had maxilla-mandibular asymmetry, and 62.9% of patients had linear asymmetry and 20% of patients with asymmetrical maxilla-mandibular relation. Significant statistical correlations were found between PAC and age stages, as well as Angle classes of malocclusion (p

To assess the reliability of two predictive parameters for third lower molar prognosis for eruption or impaction and to establish relationship between them. Materials and methods. We examined the ratio between third molar available posterior space and the mesiodistal diameter of the mandibular third molar and the angulation of the long axis of the mandibular third molar with the long axis of the adjacent second molar measured on the orthopantomograms of 70 orthodontic patients before and after orthodontic treatment. The total number of molars taken into study was 130, 88 at patients who were treated without premolar extractions and 42 in patients treated by premolar extraction All the measurements were statistically analyzed for both groups and compared. Results. In the nonextraction group there was a slight increase in the posterior available space for those molars with favorable chances for eruption from the beginning, and also a positive change of angulation in the same condition. The number of molars with uncertain or low chances for eruption at the beginning of the treatment remained stable in the nonextraction group. Premolar extraction improved with 40% third lower molar angulation, increasing the chances of eruption , but has a smaller influence on the posterior available space. There is a strong inverse proportional relationship between these variables. Conclusions. The ratio between the available posterior mandibular space and the mesiodistal diameter of the lower third molar and the angle formed by the long axes of the third and second molar proved to be useful predictive measurements for mandibular third molar assessment

Aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of oral and nutrition hygiene measures for dental caries, malocclusions, periodontal disease, outbreak prophylaxis and self-assessment of oral health and social impact as well as the role of the dentist. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 166 schoolchildren aged 7-18 years (mean age 14.51±3.312 years), from four public schools in Neamt County, north-eastern Romania, who responded independently to an oral health questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) for Windows, and descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square test were used. Results. The results fluctuated according to the correct answers to the questions. The overall score of the schoolchildren’ correct answers was 71.00%. Significant correlations between age and school of children and certain answers to questions were found (p

Aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of patient anxiety before treatment and to determine patients’ perception of the dental treatment risks. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 210 patients (69 males and 141 females) aged 11-70 years in northeastern Romania, who completed Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale, Revised (DAS-R), Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Dental Concerns Assessment, Revised (DCA-R). Results. The overall scores of DAS-R indicated high anxiety in 4.3% of patients and severe anxiety or phobia in 2.9% of patients. Overall scores of the MDAS questionnaire indicated 5.2% of very anxious patients and 2.3% of highly anxious or phobic patients with dental treatments. DCA-R indicated high anxiety for injection and extraction. We found statistically significant differences between anxiety levels and age ranges as well as patients’ environmental areas (p

In this longitudinal study we evaluated the risk factors for the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment in mixed dentition on a sample of 110 patients (52 boys and 58 girls) aged 6 to 10 years in northeastern Romania in the active phases of orthodontic treatment. 13.6% of patients were quitted the treatment or did not come to scheduled appointments. Initially, removable functional appliances were used in 54.7% of patients and myofunctional activators in 45.3% of patients. After evaluating the 6-month treatment results (good in 64.7% patients and poor in 64.7% patients), the appliances were changed according to patient compliance and dental hygiene status. The treatment outcomes after 12 months were good in 78% of patients and decreased in 22% of patients. The effectiveness of orthodontic treatment in mixed dentition has depended both on parents' understanding of the need for treatment, but also on patient co-operation and compliance.

Non extraction orthodontic treatment should be the best choice for both practitioners and patients when possible. That’s why in the last decades people are concerned more and more in developing new techniques for solving orthodontic problems without dental extractions . In our paper we present an adolescent case with severe dental crowding with two stage orthodontic treatment; in the first stage we used pedex appliance for distal movement of upper molars and correction of transverse discrepancy, followed by the second stage with fixed orthodontic appliance. The patient presented ectopic upper canines and class II malocclusion. At the end of the treatment our patient presented correct dental alignment, functional and stable occlusion, good profile, nice smile and improvement of the facial esthetics.

The objective of our study was to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity of different intraoral elastic chains and elastomeric ligatures that are used as components of orthodontic fixed appliances. The study evaluated the reaction of tree groups: the negative control group (human fibroblasts cultures), the positive control group (dental copper amalgam) and the study group represented by intraoral orthodontic elastics: elastic chain (Orthoclassic) and elastomeric ligatures of different colors and latex consistency from different manufacturers (Orthoclassic and GAC). After 3 and respective 6 days we analyzed the samples by direct method and microscopic analysis (Nikon Eclipse TE300). We analyzed the shape of the fibroblasts around the material, their number and the morphologic alterations of the cells. The analysis of the fibroblasts situated at distance from the material and the percent of the vital cells was obtained by comparing the maxim cells density of the negative control group with the density of the study groups. The dental copper amalgam determined the apoptosis of all the cells of the group and showed a high cytotoxicity. The elastic chain Orhoclassic determined important morphologic changes on human fibroblasts cultures and showed a reduced biocompatibility. The elastomeric ligatures Orthoclassic with low elasticity showed a relative biocompatibility. The elastomeric ligatures Orthoclassic with high elasticity showed a good biocompatibility. The elastomeric ligatures GAC showed a relative compatibility at 3 days but a high cytotoxicity at 6 days.

Supernumerary tooth represents a developmental anomaly that consists in duplication of tooth in the normal series. The presence of a supernumerary tooth may result in the appearance of aesthetic or functional problems in the dento-maxillary system. A girl, 11 years old, with upper midline shift following a supernumerary teeth and severe upper crowding was successfully treated after extraction of supernumerary tooth and four first bicuspids. Stages of diagnosis and treatment have been described in detail. In order to obtain good treatment results it was necessary to use an asymmetrical orthodontic mechanic. In this case report, the diagnostic workflow and current treatment concepts was presented and critically discussed.

This article discusses the use of the DamonTM Passive-Self Ligating system in the functional treatment of Angle Class II/2 malocclusion. The study presents a case study of an 11-year-old female with this malocclusion and demonstrates the effectiveness of the DamonTM system in achieving anteroposterior correction without the need for fixed Class II appliances. The treatment involved strategic wire transitions, bracket repositioning, and meticulous occlusal assessments. The article emphasizes the importance of proper torque selection and the use of light elastics for gentle treatment. The document also discusses the use of the PSBL Damon Q2 system in orthodontic treatment for individuals with Class II division 2 malocclusion, highlighting its ability to control and improve arches and buccal corridors, as well as the inclination of incisors and anterior guidance. It also mentions the effectiveness of the Damon Q2 PSL in addressing crowding and achieving a natural arch form without the need for extractions or specific Class II correctors. [Extracted from the article]

An alloy surface with possible applications in the medical field, Ti4A14Zr, was improved through the deposition of a thin hydroxyapatite (HA) layer. In this paper, we analyzed the growth of a HA layer through electrophoresis and the corrosion resistance of the metallic sample covered with the ceramic layer. The substrate surface was processed via chemical procedures before the HA deposition. The state of the metallic surface and that of the layer of HA were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the chemical composition. The results indicate a high increase in the corrosion resistance associated with the ceramic layer compared to the metallic basic layer. Moreover, the analysis revealed the formation of a homogeneous TiO2 layer on the surface of the metallic substrate. The titanium oxide layer identified by SEM–EDS and confirmed by EIS was very homogeneous and resistant, with a compact microstructural appearance and submicron dimension. The layer composed of TiO2 and HA provided good corrosion protection.

The surface condition of the materials involved in dentistry is significant for the subsequent operations that are applied in oral cavity. Samples of Co–Cr–W alloy, obtained through selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printing, with different surface states were analyzed. Surface analysis after the 3D printing process and sandblasting was realized from microstructural, chemical composition, profilometry, droplet adhesion, scratch test, and microhardness perspectives. The results presented a hardening process and a roughness modification following the sandblasting procedure, a better adhesion of the liquid droplets, the appearance of micro-cracks during the scratch test, and the oxidation of the sample after the 3D printing process and surface processing.

Resumen Objetivo: Presentar un caso de pseudoaneurisma de la arteria maxilar interna, complicación hemorrágica infrecuente mediata al procedimiento de osteotomía sagital mandibular. Caso clínico: El tratamiento consistió en la embolización selectiva del vaso afectado, un procedimiento menos cruento que las maniobras hemostáticas tradicionales, como la ligadura arterial a través de un abordaje cervical. Conclusión: Es posible resolver la hemorragia con un método alternativo pero seguro, que conlleva menos morbilidades asociadas a las maniobras hemostáticas clásicas. Palabras clave: Embolización selectiva, osteotomía sagital de rama ascendente mandibular, pseudoaneurisma. Abstract Aim: To report a mediate rare bleeding complication to the procedure of mandibular sagittal split osteotomy as is the pseudoaneurysm of the internal maxillary artery is. Case report: The treatment consisted of selective embolization of the affected vessel, which turns out to be a less invasive procedure than traditional hemostatic maneuvers such as arterial ligation through a cervical approach. Conclusion: It is possible to resolve the bleeding with an alternative safe method with lower morbidity than the one associated with classical hemostatic maneuvers. Key words: Mandibular sagittal ramus osteotomy, pseudoaneurysm, selective embolization.

Biodegradable metallic materials are increasingly gaining ground in medical applications. Zn-based alloys show a degradation rate between those recorded for Mg-based materials with the fastest degradation rate and Fe-based materials with the slowest degradation rate. From the perspective of medical complications, it is essential to understand the size and nature of the degradation products developed from biodegradable materials, as well as the stage at which these residues are eliminated from the body. This paper presents investigations conducted on the corrosion/degradation products of an experimental material (ZnMgY alloy in cast and homogenized state) after immersion tests in three physiological solutions (Dulbecco's, Ringer's and simulated body fluid (SBF)). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to highlight the macroscopic and microscopic aspects of corrosion products and their effects on the surface. An X-ray energy dispersive detector (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided general information about the compounds based on their non-metallic character. The pH of the electrolyte solution was recorded for 72 h during immersion. The pH variation of the solution confirmed the main reactions proposed for the corrosion of ZnMg. The agglomerations of corrosion products were on the micrometer scale, mainly oxides, hydroxides and carbonates or phosphates. The corrosion effects on the surface were homogeneously spread, with a tendency to connect and form cracks or larger corrosion zones, transforming the pitting corrosion pattern into a generalized one. It was noticed that the alloy's microstructure strongly influences the corrosion characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fe-based alloy with manganese led to the appearance of new austenitic alloys, with the antiferromagnetic property pursued, resulting in compatibility with the magnetic field as that of magnetic resonance imaging. The corrosion resistance behavior of the biodegradable Fe-Mn-Si alloy was analyzed in a thermostatic chamber at 37±1°C for 24, 48 and 72 hours by immersing in Ringer solution. Also, the cast and laminated samples were subjected to electro-corrosion tests using a potentiostat equipment. Linear and cyclic potentiometry is presented for characterize the corrosion behavior of the experimental samples in electrolyte. Due to the interaction between the alloy and the liquid medium a change in the solution pH was observed. Structure analysis and chemical composition details of the surfaces were obtained using electron scanning microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An alloy surface with possible applications in the medical field, Ti4A14Zr, was improved through the deposition of a thin hydroxyapatite (HA) layer. In this paper, we analyzed the growth of a HA layer through electrophoresis and the corrosion resistance of the metallic sample covered with the ceramic layer. The substrate surface was processed via chemical procedures before the HA deposition. The state of the metallic surface and that of the layer of HA were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the chemical composition. The results indicate a high increase in the corrosion resistance associated with the ceramic layer compared to the metallic basic layer. Moreover, the analysis revealed the formation of a homogeneous TiO2 layer on the surface of the metallic substrate. The titanium oxide layer identified by SEM–EDS and confirmed by EIS was very homogeneous and resistant, with a compact microstructural appearance and submicron dimension. The layer composed of TiO2 and HA provided good corrosion protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Featured Application: Specific prototyping of dental metal crowns and medical implants. The surface condition of the materials involved in dentistry is significant for the subsequent operations that are applied in oral cavity. Samples of Co–Cr–W alloy, obtained through selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printing, with different surface states were analyzed. Surface analysis after the 3D printing process and sandblasting was realized from microstructural, chemical composition, profilometry, droplet adhesion, scratch test, and microhardness perspectives. The results presented a hardening process and a roughness modification following the sandblasting procedure, a better adhesion of the liquid droplets, the appearance of micro-cracks during the scratch test, and the oxidation of the sample after the 3D printing process and surface processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of maxillary lateral incisors hypodontia (MLIH) in a Caucasian family in northeastern Romania, and to analyze the dental and occlusal aspects consecutive to tooth agenesis. We constructed family's pedigree and examined clinically and radiographically five of its members. MLIH was transmitted mainly autosomally, with high prevalence in first-degree relatives, incomplete penetrance, variable expressivity and increased risk of recurrence. Additional environmental factors have been suggested as possible mutagens. Common dental (decreased remaining spaces and midline diastema) and occlusal (anterior crossbites) features were observed in the first two cases, and individual features in the third case (persistence of deciduous canine, complete transposition of permanent canines and mandibular anterior dental crowding), consecutive to MLIH. The last two cases - with no MLIH - showed signs common to other related cases. Only one case received complex orthodontic and implant-prosthetic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scope. The scope of the study was to evaluate the adverse reactions upon the intra- and extraoral tissues, produced by the insertion of orthodontic devices, on a populational group of Romania, for determining the frequencies of the allergic reactions and for comparing them with the sex, age, urban/rural background, malocclusion, orthodontic device, oral hygiene prior to and during the orthodontic treatment. Materials and method. The observation sheets of 621 patients (255 boys and 366 girls) with ages between 6 and 29 years, from the Orthodontics Clinics of the Policlinics of the "Sf. Spiridon" Urgency Hospital and from a private orthodontic consulting room of Iaşi, have been statistically evaluated with the SPSS 17.0 for Windows program. Results. Pearson correlation and linear regression evidenced the relations between the adverse reactions produced during the orthodontic treatment, on one side, and the age, dental hygiene and types of orthodontic devices, on the other. The results obtained put into evidence significant relations between the adolescent age and the allergy to nickel manifested in antecedents, between the scarce oral hygiene of the patients prior to the orthodontic treatment and gingival enlargement, between the scarce oral hygiene of the patients during the orthodontic treatment and the localized or generalized gingivitis and the bleedings and gingival overgrowths, between the mobile orthodontic devices and the allergic reactions to acrylic resins (p and t = 0.000). Relevant connections have been also evidenced between the fixed orthodontic devices and the allergic reactions to the polymeric biomaterials from the orthodontic devices (p = 0.005 and t = 0.034). Conclusions. Statistical evaluation of the adverse effects induced by orthodontic devices may be used for stating the development of allergic reactions to the substances entering the composition of orthodontic devices, with reference to the cytotoxicology and biocompatibility of dental materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc biodegradable alloys attracted an increased interest in the last few years in the medical field among Mg and Fe-based materials. Knowing that the Mg element has a strengthening influence on Zn alloys, we analyze the effect of the third element, namely, Y with expected results in mechanical properties improvement. Ternary ZnMgY samples were obtained through induction melting in Argon atmosphere from high purity (Zn, Mg, and Y) materials and MgY (70/30 wt%) master alloys with different percentages of Y and keeping the same percentage of Mg (3 wt%). The corrosion resistance and microhardness of ZnMgY alloys were compared with those of pure Zn and ZnMg binary alloy. Materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), linear and cyclic potentiometry, and immersion tests. All samples present generalized corrosion after immersion and electro-corrosion experiments in Dulbecco solution. The experimental results show an increase in microhardness and indentation Young Modulus following the addition of Y. The formation of YZn12 intermetallic phase elements with a more noble potential than pure Zinc is established. A correlation is obtained between the appearance of new Y phases and aggressive galvanic corrosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectif - Déterminer le facteur principal dans le choix de la solution thérapeutique : l'aspect financier ou esthétique. Matériel et méthode - 675 patients, 38,2% avaient un revenu supérieur à la moyenne. Initialement, 83,6% ont préféré un traitement orthodontique esthétique, mais 36,9% choisissent des solutions esthétiques : brackets monocristallins, brackets polycristallins, brackets en céramique avec slot métallique et bracket lingual. L'analyse statistique a été effectuée avec le logiciel SPSS. Résultats - Les femmes préfèrent les brackets esthétiques indépendamment de la situation financière, ainsi que les jeunes patients issus de familles avec moins de frères et soeurs. Parmi les patients qui avaient initialement demandé des solutions esthétiques, motivés par des besoins professionnels, seulement 34,2% ont choisi l'esthétique. Conclusions - Un grand nombre de patients ne sont pas satisfaits des brackets métalliques, mais pour des raisons financières, ils finissent par choisir ces solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]