75 results on '"Semmekrot BA"'
Search Results
2. The use of in-hospital guidelines for prevention of sudden unexpected postnatal collapse: A national survey.
- Author
-
Bergman KA, Bouma BA, Semmekrot BA, Matthijsse RP, Reiss IKM, Ikkink HK, and Hulzebos CV
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Netherlands, Kangaroo-Mother Care Method, Guideline Adherence statistics & numerical data, Sudden Infant Death prevention & control, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Abstract
Aim: Sudden unexpected postnatal collapse is a life-threatening event and may occur in any newborn infant. Safe skin-to-skin contact, and awareness of sudden unexpected postnatal collapse are key to its prevention. The aim of this study was to survey the presence of skin-to-skin contact and/or sudden unexpected postnatal collapse protocols in the 70 perinatal centres in the Netherlands., Methods: We performed a survey among Dutch paediatricians to examine the safe skin-to-skin contact and sudden unexpected postnatal collapse protocols., Results: We received data from 59/70 (85%) perinatal centres. At least one case of sudden unexpected postnatal collapse was reported in 35/59 (59%) of these centres. Nearly half the centres had safe skin-to-skin contact and/or sudden unexpected postnatal collapse protocols. Ultimately, 16 protocols were available for analysis. They showed considerable differences in the type of perinatal care provided. Most protocols lacked recently published insights on safe skin-to-skin contact. Besides, protocols failed to incorporate awareness of and knowledge on how to prevent sudden unexpected postnatal collapse., Conclusion: This study underlines the importance of drawing up uniform, multidisciplinary guidelines containing recommendations for the prevention of sudden unexpected postnatal collapse in the Netherlands., (© 2024 The Author(s). Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. [Rat bite fever in children].
- Author
-
Veenhuis SJG, van der Donk CFM, Semmekrot BA, and Voorhoeve PG
- Subjects
- Child, Male, Humans, Animals, Rats, Treatment Outcome, Streptobacillus isolation & purification, Zoonoses diagnosis, Rat-Bite Fever diagnosis, Rat-Bite Fever drug therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Worldwide, disease in children due to exposure to rats is increasing, also in the Netherlands. Not only the generally known pathogen Leptospira should be considered, also S. moniliformis , Yersinia pestis , Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Hantavirus, Francisella tularensis and Pasteurella multocida are also known rat-associated zoonosis., Case Description: An 12-year-old boy visited the pediatrician with fever, headache and nausea, followed by generalized erythema and arthritis. The boy had a pet rat. The patient's blood culture was positive for S. moniliformis. The patient was treated with antibiotics and made a full recovery., Conclusion: Just like many rat-associated diseases have 'rat-bite fever' caused by S. moniliformis an nonspecific clinical presentation. It is not necessary to have had a rat bite, to develop rat-bite fever. Better awareness and knowledge about rat related diseases should contribute to earlier diagnosis and treatment. Which is of great importance because of increased morbidity and mortality associated to rat related diseases.
- Published
- 2024
4. [Infants with an unexplained event: management of brief resolved unexplained events revised].
- Author
-
Kelder TP, Engelberts AC, Cohen MM, van Asselt KM, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Infant, Newborn, Infant, Humans, Child, Risk Factors, Hospitalization, Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event, Sudden Infant Death, Infant, Newborn, Diseases
- Abstract
In this article, the new Dutch pediatric guideline Brief Resolved Unexplained Event is discussed, which replaces the old guideline Apparent Life Threatening Event. The main goal of the new guideline is identification of a group of low-risk infants who need not be admitted to the hospital and in which only limited diagnostic workup is indicated. Three fictional cases are presented to highlight the major changes in management of infants who present with an unexplained event. Application of the new guideline will likely result in less clinical admissions and diagnostic testing in these patients.
- Published
- 2023
5. Lower versus Traditional Treatment Threshold for Neonatal Hypoglycemia.
- Author
-
van Kempen AAMW, Eskes PF, Nuytemans DHGM, van der Lee JH, Dijksman LM, van Veenendaal NR, van der Hulst FJPCM, Moonen RMJ, Zimmermann LJI, van 't Verlaat EP, van Dongen-van Baal M, Semmekrot BA, Stas HG, van Beek RHT, Vlietman JJ, Dijk PH, Termote JUM, de Jonge RCJ, de Mol AC, Huysman MWA, Kok JH, Offringa M, and Boluyt N
- Subjects
- Child Development drug effects, Enteral Nutrition, Humans, Hypoglycemia blood, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases blood, Infusions, Intravenous, Reference Values, Blood Glucose analysis, Glucose administration & dosage, Hypoglycemia therapy, Infant, Newborn, Diseases therapy, Psychomotor Disorders prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Worldwide, many newborns who are preterm, small or large for gestational age, or born to mothers with diabetes are screened for hypoglycemia, with a goal of preventing brain injury. However, there is no consensus on a treatment threshold that is safe but also avoids overtreatment., Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial involving 689 otherwise healthy newborns born at 35 weeks of gestation or later and identified as being at risk for hypoglycemia, we compared two threshold values for treatment of asymptomatic moderate hypoglycemia. We sought to determine whether a management strategy that used a lower threshold (treatment administered at a glucose concentration of <36 mg per deciliter [2.0 mmol per liter]) would be noninferior to a traditional threshold (treatment at a glucose concentration of <47 mg per deciliter [2.6 mmol per liter]) with respect to psychomotor development at 18 months, assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition, Dutch version (Bayley-III-NL; scores range from 50 to 150 [mean {±SD}, 100±15]), with higher scores indicating more advanced development and 7.5 points (one half the SD) representing a clinically important difference). The lower threshold would be considered noninferior if scores were less than 7.5 points lower than scores in the traditional-threshold group., Results: Bayley-III-NL scores were assessed in 287 of the 348 children (82.5%) in the lower-threshold group and in 295 of the 341 children (86.5%) in the traditional-threshold group. Cognitive and motor outcome scores were similar in the two groups (mean scores [±SE], 102.9±0.7 [cognitive] and 104.6±0.7 [motor] in the lower-threshold group and 102.2±0.7 [cognitive] and 104.9±0.7 [motor] in the traditional-threshold group). The prespecified inferiority limit was not crossed. The mean glucose concentration was 57±0.4 mg per deciliter (3.2±0.02 mmol per liter) in the lower-threshold group and 61±0.5 mg per deciliter (3.4±0.03 mmol per liter) in the traditional-threshold group. Fewer and less severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred in the traditional-threshold group, but that group had more invasive diagnostic and treatment interventions. Serious adverse events in the lower-threshold group included convulsions (during normoglycemia) in one newborn and one death., Conclusions: In otherwise healthy newborns with asymptomatic moderate hypoglycemia, a lower glucose treatment threshold (36 mg per deciliter) was noninferior to a traditional threshold (47 mg per deciliter) with regard to psychomotor development at 18 months. (Funded by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; HypoEXIT Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN79705768.)., (Copyright © 2020 Massachusetts Medical Society.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Macrolide prescription in Dutch children: compliance with guidelines.
- Author
-
Bandell RAM, Dekkers T, Semmekrot BA, de Wildt SN, Fleuren HWHA, Warlé-van Herwaarden MF, Füssenich P, Gerrits GP, and Kramers C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Community-Acquired Infections drug therapy, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Drug Prescriptions statistics & numerical data, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mycoplasma pneumoniae drug effects, Netherlands, Pneumonia, Mycoplasma drug therapy, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Retrospective Studies, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Drug Prescriptions standards, Guideline Adherence statistics & numerical data, Inappropriate Prescribing statistics & numerical data, Macrolides therapeutic use, Prescription Drug Overuse statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
For reasons of antibiotic resistance and side effects, macrolides should be prescribed with care in the pediatric population. We evaluated the adherence to Dutch guidelines of macrolide prescription in children and estimated the risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated pneumonia based on Fischer's decision tree. In this retrospective study, we included children aged 0-18 years who were treated with azithromycin or clarithromycin for pulmonary disease in four settings from general practice to hospital ward for (1) the prescriptions not in accordance with the guideline of the Dutch Association of Pediatrics and (2) the risk of M. pneumoniae in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) according to Fischer's decision tree. The latter suggests that children older than three years with a fever lasting more than two days are at high risk for M. pneumoniae and that it is therefore justified to treat them with macrolides. In total, 189 macrolide prescriptions from 2015 until 2017 were analyzed: 139 children used macrolides for a pulmonary indication (75%); 18% (n = 25) of the prescriptions were not in accordance with Dutch guidelines. Only 9.1% of patients with CAP were classified as having a high risk of M. pneumoniae according to Fischer's decision tree. A significant proportion of macrolide prescriptions for Dutch children with a pulmonary disease appears not to be in accordance with the guidelines. Most patients with CAP treated with a macrolide actually had a low risk of having M. pneumoniae according to Fischer's decision tree. Both observations suggest overuse of macrolides in children.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. [A girl looking pregnant].
- Author
-
Pollmann N, van der Steeg HJJ, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Adnexal Diseases surgery, Adolescent, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Dermoid Cyst surgery, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, Adnexal Diseases diagnosis, Dermoid Cyst diagnosis, Teratoma diagnosis
- Abstract
We describe a 13-year-old girl with abdominal complaints and looking pregnant. MRI investigation showed an adnexal mass (28 x 19 x 12 cm), which was surgically removed. Histolpathological investigation revealed a mature cystic teratoma with no signs of malignant transformation.
- Published
- 2017
8. Time-course analysis of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 shows markedly elevated levels in early life, particularly from vitamin D supplementation in preterm infants.
- Author
-
Ooms N, van Daal H, Beijers AM, Gerrits GP, Semmekrot BA, and van den Ouweland JM
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Calcifediol metabolism, Infant, Premature, Vitamin D administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background: An epimeric form of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) has recently been detected in clinical samples, with relatively high levels in infants. Little is known on 3-epi-25(OH)D3 formation and physiological function. Our objective was to study dynamics of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 formation during infancy., Methods: 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 22 preterm (aged 34-37 wk), 15 early preterm (aged <34 wk), and 118 term infants up to 2 y of age. All infants were prescribed vitamin D 400 IU/day after the first week of life., Results: At birth, 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels were 3 (1-7) nmol/l, <10% of total 25(OH)D3. From the second week to 3 mo of age, both 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 increased, with highest 3-epi-25(OH)D3 contribution in early preterm infants (up to 55% of total 25(OH)D3 vs. 36% in term infants, P < 0.0001). After 3 mo of age, 3-epi-25(OH)D3 normalized to <10% in all infants., Conclusions: At birth, all infants showed low contribution of 3-epi-25(OH)D3, increasing the week after starting vitamin D supplementation, until 3 mo of age. Highest levels of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were found in early preterm infants, supporting the hypothesis that hepatic immaturity plays a role in 3-epi-25(OH)D3 formation.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. [Skin to skin contact and breast-feeding after birth: not always without risk!].
- Author
-
Matthijsse PR, Semmekrot BA, and Liem KD
- Subjects
- Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Risk Factors, Shock complications, Sudden Infant Death etiology, Breast Feeding, Kangaroo-Mother Care Method, Prone Position, Shock etiology
- Abstract
Skin-to-skin contact after birth is propagated to facilitate breast-feeding and mother-child bonding. We describe two term infants with sudden unexpected postnatal collapse (SUPC) during skin-to-skin contact. The infants were found with abnormal colour, hypotonia and apnoea, in a prone position on the chest of their mothers, both of whom were primipara with a high BMI. After stimulation, both infants recovered completely. No specific potential cause, other than the position, could be found. These cases illustrate that skin-to-skin contact after birth is not without risk. In available literature, risk factors for SUPC include primiparity and infant orientation such as prone and lateral positions. These positions are also risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). To improve safety, a primipara should be supervised during skin-to-skin contact and not be left alone in the first hours after delivery; the infant should be guaranteed a free airway, especially when the mother has a high BMI.
- Published
- 2016
10. [A 9-year-old boy with 'pinpoint pain' caused by pyomyositis].
- Author
-
Schots M, Verlaak R, Haarbrink PH, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Child, Fever etiology, Hip, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pyomyositis complications, Staphylococcal Infections complications, Musculoskeletal Pain etiology, Pyomyositis diagnosis, Staphylococcal Infections diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Pyomyositis is a rare bacterial infection of striated muscle, usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus., Case Description: A healthy 9-year-old boy was referred to us because of pain in the hip and fever. We noticed he could point to the pain with one finger; this is referred to as 'pinpoint pain'. An MRI indicated a diagnosis of pyomyositis of the iliacus muscle and piriformis. The infection was caused by S. aureus. The boy recovered completely and swiftly with antibiotic therapy., Conclusion: This specific type of pyomyositis in the hip is rare, especially in children. Being able to localise the pain with one finger is a typical characteristic of this condition. MRI is the investigation of first choice to confirm this diagnosis.
- Published
- 2016
11. Quetiapine concentrations during exclusive breastfeeding and maternal quetiapine use.
- Author
-
Van Boekholt AA, Hartong EG, Huntjens-Fleuren H, Grootens KP, and Semmekrot BA
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Umbilical choline and related methylamines betaine and dimethylglycine in relation to birth weight.
- Author
-
Hogeveen M, den Heijer M, Semmekrot BA, Sporken JM, Ueland PM, and Blom HJ
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Sarcosine metabolism, Betaine metabolism, Birth Weight, Choline metabolism, Sarcosine analogs & derivatives, Umbilical Cord metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality for the newborn and risk of chronic disease in adulthood. Choline plays an essential role in the integrity of cell membranes, methylation reactions, and memory development. We examined whether choline, betaine, and dimethylglycine (DMG) concentrations were associated with LBW in Dutch women., Methods: Blood was sampled from umbilical cords (UCs) at delivery in singleton pregnancies (n = 1,126). Maternal blood was sampled at 30-34 wk of gestational age (GA) (n = 366). We calculated birth weights standardized for GA and defined LBW as standardized birth weight ≤ 2,500 g., Results: Maternal concentrations were lower as compared with UC concentrations and were not associated with birth weight. UC choline and betaine were inversely associated with birth weight (β = -60 (-89, -31) and β = -65 (-94, -36), respectively), whereas UC DMG was positively associated with birth weight (β = 35 (6.1, 63)). Odds ratios for LBW were 4.12 (1.15, 14.78), 5.68 (1.24, 25.91), and 0.48 (0.09, 2.65) for the highest UC choline, betaine, and DMG quartiles, respectively, as compared with the lowest quartiles., Conclusion: We observed an increased risk of LBW with increased umbilical choline and betaine in venous UC blood. These results might reflect a change in choline consumption or metabolism or a disturbed placental function.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. [Additional recommendations for safe sleep to prevent SIDS].
- Author
-
Munsters JM, Wierenga H, Boere-Boonekamp MM, Semmekrot BA, and Engelberts AC
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Netherlands, Pacifiers, Prone Position, Risk Factors, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Sudden Infant Death prevention & control, Supine Position
- Abstract
Great progress has been made in reducing the incidence of SIDS in the Netherlands, but the number of SIDS cases has remained constant in recent years. The American Academy of Pediatrics has new guidelines for safe sleep. Existing recommendations remain valid such as (a) discouraging prone- and side-sleeping; (b) encouraging parent and child to sleep in one room but not in one bed; and (c) avoiding second-hand smoke. The new recommendations include: (a) pre-term neonates born after 32 weeks should be placed in a supine position; (b) twins should not sleep in the same bed ('co-bedding'); (c) use of a pacifier is recommended once breastfeeding is well underway; and (d) use of stabilization pillows is not recommended. There should also be an emphasis on educating parents before discharging their newborn from the hospital.
- Published
- 2013
14. Mutations in kelch-like 3 and cullin 3 cause hypertension and electrolyte abnormalities.
- Author
-
Boyden LM, Choi M, Choate KA, Nelson-Williams CJ, Farhi A, Toka HR, Tikhonova IR, Bjornson R, Mane SM, Colussi G, Lebel M, Gordon RD, Semmekrot BA, Poujol A, Välimäki MJ, De Ferrari ME, Sanjad SA, Gutkin M, Karet FE, Tucci JR, Stockigt JR, Keppler-Noreuil KM, Porter CC, Anand SK, Whiteford ML, Davis ID, Dewar SB, Bettinelli A, Fadrowski JJ, Belsha CW, Hunley TE, Nelson RD, Trachtman H, Cole TR, Pinsk M, Bockenhauer D, Shenoy M, Vaidyanathan P, Foreman JW, Rasoulpour M, Thameem F, Al-Shahrouri HZ, Radhakrishnan J, Gharavi AG, Goilav B, and Lifton RP
- Subjects
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Blood Pressure genetics, Carrier Proteins chemistry, Cohort Studies, Cullin Proteins chemistry, Electrolytes, Exons genetics, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Genes, Dominant genetics, Genes, Recessive genetics, Genotype, Homeostasis genetics, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Hypertension complications, Hypertension physiopathology, Male, Mice, Microfilament Proteins, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Phenotype, Potassium metabolism, Pseudohypoaldosteronism complications, Pseudohypoaldosteronism physiopathology, Sodium Chloride metabolism, Water-Electrolyte Imbalance complications, Water-Electrolyte Imbalance physiopathology, Carrier Proteins genetics, Cullin Proteins genetics, Hypertension genetics, Mutation genetics, Pseudohypoaldosteronism genetics, Water-Electrolyte Imbalance genetics
- Abstract
Hypertension affects one billion people and is a principal reversible risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII), a rare Mendelian syndrome featuring hypertension, hyperkalaemia and metabolic acidosis, has revealed previously unrecognized physiology orchestrating the balance between renal salt reabsorption and K(+) and H(+) excretion. Here we used exome sequencing to identify mutations in kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) or cullin 3 (CUL3) in PHAII patients from 41 unrelated families. KLHL3 mutations are either recessive or dominant, whereas CUL3 mutations are dominant and predominantly de novo. CUL3 and BTB-domain-containing kelch proteins such as KLHL3 are components of cullin-RING E3 ligase complexes that ubiquitinate substrates bound to kelch propeller domains. Dominant KLHL3 mutations are clustered in short segments within the kelch propeller and BTB domains implicated in substrate and cullin binding, respectively. Diverse CUL3 mutations all result in skipping of exon 9, producing an in-frame deletion. Because dominant KLHL3 and CUL3 mutations both phenocopy recessive loss-of-function KLHL3 mutations, they may abrogate ubiquitination of KLHL3 substrates. Disease features are reversed by thiazide diuretics, which inhibit the Na-Cl cotransporter in the distal nephron of the kidney; KLHL3 and CUL3 are expressed in this location, suggesting a mechanistic link between KLHL3 and CUL3 mutations, increased Na-Cl reabsorption, and disease pathogenesis. These findings demonstrate the utility of exome sequencing in disease gene identification despite the combined complexities of locus heterogeneity, mixed models of transmission and frequent de novo mutation, and establish a fundamental role for KLHL3 and CUL3 in blood pressure, K(+) and pH homeostasis.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. [Congenital toxoplasmosis: severe ocular and neurological complications].
- Author
-
Hoekstra F, Buzing C, Sporken JM, Erasmus CE, van der Flier M, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Chorioretinitis congenital, Chorioretinitis etiology, Female, Humans, Hydrocephalus congenital, Hydrocephalus etiology, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral diagnosis, Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral prevention & control, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital prevention & control, Toxoplasmosis, Ocular congenital, Toxoplasmosis, Ocular diagnosis, Toxoplasmosis, Ocular prevention & control, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Neonatal Screening, Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral complications, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital complications, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital diagnosis, Toxoplasmosis, Ocular complications
- Abstract
Two infants with congenital toxoplasmosis are presented. A girl born prematurely was treated postnatally after the mother had received antimicrobial treatment during pregnancy for acute toxoplasmosis. Apart from being small for gestational age, she remained without symptoms and treatment was ceased after 13 months. A 2-month-old boy presented with hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis, consistent with congenital toxoplasmosis. Despite antimicrobial treatment, at 12 months of age he suffered from epilepsy, cerebral palsy and vision impairment. Most infants with congenital toxoplasmosis (2 per 1000 live births in the Netherlands) are asymptomatic at birth. The education of pregnant women is crucial for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis. Awareness of antenatal and postnatal presenting signs and symptoms is important for clinicians, because early diagnosis and treatment may minimize sequelae. Untreated, the majority of affected infants will develop chorioretinitis, deafness and/or neurological symptoms.
- Published
- 2011
16. Maternal homocysteine and related B vitamins as risk factors for low birthweight.
- Author
-
Hogeveen M, Blom HJ, van der Heijden EH, Semmekrot BA, Sporken JM, Ueland PM, and den Heijer M
- Subjects
- Adult, Chromatography, Liquid, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Homocysteine blood, Infant, Low Birth Weight blood, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena physiology, Vitamin B Complex blood
- Abstract
Objective: We designed a large prospective study to explore the relationship between maternal homocysteine concentrations and related B vitamins and birthweight., Study Design: Blood was sampled from pregnant women at 30-34 weeks of gestation and their newborn infants (n = 366)., Results: Concentrations of all analytes were higher in umbilical cord compared with maternal samples. Birthweight was related negatively to maternal homocysteine (r = -0.12) but not related to maternal cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and folate (r = 0.02, r = 0.06, and r = 0.04, respectively). Regression analysis revealed smoking (beta = -313; 95% confidence interval [CI], -479 to -149), gestational age (beta = 150; 95% CI, 118-182), female sex (beta = -146; 95% CI, -256 to -35), and parity (beta = 104; 95% CI, 37-171) as strong determinants of birthweight. Maternal homocysteine, cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and folate were not determinants of birthweight in multivariate analysis., Conclusion: Maternal homocysteine and B vitamins are not related to birthweight in a multivariate model that was adjusted for potential confounders., (Copyright 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Surveillance study of apparent life-threatening events (ALTE) in the Netherlands.
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, van Sleuwen BE, Engelberts AC, Joosten KF, Mulder JC, Liem KD, Rodrigues Pereira R, Bijlmer RP, and L'Hoir MP
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant Mortality trends, Infant, Newborn, Male, Netherlands epidemiology, Pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, Sudden Infant Death diagnosis, Young Adult, Critical Illness epidemiology, Population Surveillance methods, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology
- Abstract
SIDS and ALTE are different entities that somehow show some similarities. Both constitute heterogeneous conditions. The Netherlands is a low-incidence country for SIDS. To study whether the same would hold for ALTE, we studied the incidence, etiology, and current treatment of ALTE in The Netherlands. Using the Dutch Pediatric Surveillance Unit, pediatricians working in second- and third-level hospitals in the Netherlands were asked to report any case of ALTE presented in their hospital from January 2002 to January 2003. A questionnaire was subsequently sent to collect personal data, data on pregnancy and birth, condition preceding the incident, the incident itself, condition after the incident, investigations performed, monitoring or treatment initiated during admission, any diagnosis made at discharge, and treatment or parental support offered after discharge. A total of 115 cases of ALTE were reported, of which 110 questionnaires were filled in and returned (response rate 97%). Based on the national birth rate of 200,000, the incidence of ALTE amounted 0.58/1,000 live born infants. No deaths occurred. Clinical diagnoses could be assessed in 58.2%. Most frequent diagnoses were (percentages of the total of 110 cases) gastro-esophageal reflux and respiratory tract infection (37.3% and 8.2%, respectively); main symptoms were change of color and muscle tone, choking, and gagging. The differences in diagnoses are heterogeneous. In 34%, parents shook their infants, which is alarmingly high. Pre- and postmature infants were overrepresented in this survey (29.5% and 8.2%, respectively). Ten percent had recurrent ALTE. In total, 15.5% of the infants were discharged with a home monitor. In conclusion, ALTE has a low incidence in second- and third-level hospitals in the Netherlands. Parents should be systematically informed about the possible devastating effects of shaking an infant. Careful history taking and targeted additional investigations are of utmost importance.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. [Multidisciplinary guidelines for 'Apparent life threatening event' (ALTE)].
- Author
-
Wijers MM, Semmekrot BA, de Beer HJ, and Engelberts AC
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Critical Illness, Diagnosis, Differential, Emergencies, Emergency Treatment, Gastroesophageal Reflux therapy, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Nervous System Diseases therapy, Netherlands, Respiratory Tract Infections therapy, Societies, Medical, Emergency Service, Hospital standards, Gastroesophageal Reflux diagnosis, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric standards, Interdisciplinary Communication, Nervous System Diseases diagnosis, Pediatrics standards, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Respiratory Tract Infections diagnosis
- Abstract
In order to reach a consensus concerning diagnosis, support and follow-up in children with an 'apparent life threatening event' (ALTE) multidisciplinary guidelines have been developed by the Dutch Paediatric Association and the Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement (CBO). All children presenting as an emergency with ALTE should undergo inpatient clinical observation for 24-72 h, with at least 24 h of cardio-respiratory monitoring. Observation does not need to be continued once an explanation for the incident has been established. The most common causes of ALTE are: gastro-oesophageal reflux (31%), neurological insult (11%) and lower respiratory tract infection (8%). Results from a targeted case history and from physical and neurological examination serve as a guideline for further investigations and support, in accordance with the formulated flowchart. A complete blood-count, CRP- and glucose concentration determination, blood-gas analysis and exploratory urine analysis should be carried out in all infants admitted with an ALTE, and an acute phase urine sample should be collected and frozen for possible metabolic investigation at a later date. Routine monitoring at home is not recommended following an ALTE.
- Published
- 2009
19. [Cerebral damage due to hypoglycaemia in otherwise healthy breast-fed term infants].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, Brouwer ML, Gerrits GP, and Voorhoeve PG
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Risk Factors, Breast Feeding, Cerebellar Diseases etiology, Hypoglycemia complications, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena physiology
- Published
- 2008
20. Serum concentrations of cefotaxime and its metabolite desacetyl-cefotaxime in infants and children during continuous infusion.
- Author
-
Bertels RA, Semmekrot BA, Gerrits GP, and Mouton JW
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Cefotaxime administration & dosage, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Therapy, Female, Humans, Infant, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Anti-Bacterial Agents blood, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacokinetics, Cefotaxime blood, Cefotaxime pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Introduction: Continuous infusion of cefotaxime, as opposed to intermittent infusion, seems to be advantageous for a number of reasons. However, few data exist on pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime and its metabolite in infants and children. As part of a quality assessment program, concentrations of cefotaxime and its metabolite desacetyl-cefotaxime were examined., Methods: Infants and children (age 0-17 years) routinely received cefotaxime by continuous intravenous infusion and had blood samples taken on days 1, 3, and 5 after start of therapy. Measurements were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime., Results: Patients receiving a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day had a mean cefotaxime concentration of 24.9 mg/l on day 1, ranging from 0.6 to 182.6 mg/l (N = 222). Cefotaxime concentrations in infants younger than 1 week of age showed the largest variation and significantly decreased on consecutive days (p < 0.001, N = 17), together with a significant drop in the cefotaxime-desacetyl-cefotaxime (cef-des) ratio (p = 0.003, N = 16). Cefotaxime clearance increased significantly during the first days after birth (p = 0.024, N = 16). Patients older than 1 week showed negative and significant correlations of cefotaxime concentrations with calculated glomerular filtration rates (p < 0.0001, N = 73), with no significant change in the cef- des ratio on consecutive days., Conclusion: Overall, cefotaxime concentrations varied widely between patients, in particular in those younger than 1 week. Our data suggest that liver metabolism as well as renal excretion contribute to total body clearance of cefotaxime and increase during the first few days of live.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. [Serious concerns regarding research linking cot death with child day care].
- Author
-
de Jonge GA, Ruys JH, Semmekrot BA, and Brand R
- Subjects
- Case-Control Studies, Humans, Infant, Risk Factors, Child Day Care Centers statistics & numerical data, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology
- Published
- 2008
22. [More cot deaths in child care settings than during the same hours at home: 10-year statistics].
- Author
-
de Jonge GA, Ruys JH, Semmekrot BA, and Brand R
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Netherlands, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Child Day Care Centers statistics & numerical data, Infant Care statistics & numerical data, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology, Sudden Infant Death etiology
- Abstract
Objective: To determine whether the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in child care settings (child care centres or child minders) is different from that in the home setting, and to search for any differences in the prevalence of SIDS risk factors in both settings., Design: Descriptive and comparative., Method: All SIDS cases (< 2 years), that occurred between September 1996-August 2006 and known to the 'Landelijke Werkgroep Wiegendood' (the National Cot Death Study Group) of the Dutch Paediatric Association were analysed. The percentage of children involved in child care and the mean duration of their participation in child care, was calculated from national surveys carried out in well-baby clinics., Results: In the 10 years of the study, 216 cases of SIDS became known to the Cot Death Study Group. In the first year of life, the number was 75% of the number registered by Statistics Netherlands. 28 of these infants died from SIDS between the ages of 3-6 months and on Monday-Friday between 8:00 am-5:00 pm: the usual hours of opening of child care facilities. Based on the uptake of child care during this period, 15% of this mortality was expected to have occurred in a child care setting and 85% at home. In reality, 61% (17/28) of the deaths occurred at a child care facility and 39% (11/28) at home. The relative risk was 8.8 (95% CI: 4.1-19.0). This high incidence of SIDS in a child care setting did not appear to be due to a higher prevalence of known risk factors for SIDS at child care facilities i.e. sleeping position (prone or side), passive smoking, heat congestion, or use of a quilt or pillow., Conclusion: For infants aged 3-6 months, the relative risk ofSIDS during child care appeared to be increased 8.8 times (95% CI: 4.1-19.0) when compared with home settings in The Netherlands in September 1996-August 2006.
- Published
- 2008
23. Fetal/neonatal allo-immune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT): past, present, and future.
- Author
-
Serrarens-Janssen VM, Semmekrot BA, Novotny VM, Porcelijn L, Lotgering FK, Delemarre FM, and Steegers EA
- Subjects
- Antigens, Human Platelet immunology, Female, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Humans, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous therapeutic use, Infant, Newborn, Integrin beta3, Platelet Transfusion, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Severity of Illness Index, Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune diagnosis, Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune epidemiology, Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune etiology, Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune therapy
- Abstract
Unlabelled: We reviewed the English, American, and German literature for articles describing the prevalence, clinical presentation, outcome, therapeutic options, and screening possibilities for fetal/neonatal allo-immune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT), published between January 1950 and March 2007. The reported prevalence of FNAIT in human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a-negative women varies between 1/600 to 1/5000 live births among various populations. The typical picture is that of a neonate presenting with purpura minutes to hours after birth, born to a healthy mother with no history of infection or abnormal bleeding, after an uneventful pregnancy with a normal maternal platelet count. Thrombocytopenia in FNAIT can be severe, with intracranial hemorrhage occurring in 10% to 30% of severe FNAIT cases. Several types of neonatal treatment have been proposed, of which transfusion of HPA-compatible platelets is most effective. Antenatal management of FNAIT consists of weekly maternal intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusions, with or without oral steroid therapy. Serial fetal platelet transfusions can be provided in cases of failure of IVIG therapy, but the multiple cordocenteses that would be required to administer the platelets entail substantial risk. The possibilities for antenatal screening of first pregnancies are limited. Postnatal screening does not prevent neonatal morbidity and mortality., Target Audience: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians., Learning Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to summarize the many and varied causes of neonatal thrombocytopenia, explain that fetal/neonatal allo-immune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare but devastating cause with potential high risk of recurrence, and recall the treatment options for FNAIT as well as their potential side effects.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A transient neonatal myasthenic syndrome with anti-musk antibodies.
- Author
-
Niks EH, Verrips A, Semmekrot BA, Prick MJ, Vincent A, van Tol MJ, Jol-van der Zijde CM, and Verschuuren JJ
- Subjects
- Acetylcholine metabolism, Adult, Age of Onset, Autoantibodies blood, Biomarkers analysis, Biomarkers blood, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin G blood, Immunoglobulin G immunology, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange immunology, Monitoring, Physiologic standards, Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal physiopathology, Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal therapy, Neuromuscular Junction growth & development, Neuromuscular Junction physiopathology, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications physiopathology, Time Factors, Autoantibodies immunology, Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal immunology, Neuromuscular Junction immunology, Pregnancy Complications immunology, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases immunology, Receptors, Cholinergic immunology
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Vermindering van diagnostiek en overbehandeling bij RS-virus-bronchiolitis na geprotocolleerde behandeling.
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, Croonen EA, Weijers G, van Wieringen PMV, Holl RA, Hendriks JCM, and Gerrits GPJM
- Abstract
Purpose: Evaluating the guideline 'Diagnosis and treatment of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus bronchiolitis' on the number of chest X-rays, C-reactive proteïn (CRP) counts, leukocyte counts, and antibiotic prescriptions in infants admitted to hospital with RS bronchiolitis., Design: Retrospective 'before-after' cohort study., Location: Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Patients: Infants admitted with proven RS virus infection., Methods: Guidelines, including sound restriction of performance of X-rays, CRP and leukocytes, were introduced in February 2003. Data from infants admitted with RS virus infection during 1997- 1999 (cohort A) were compared with those admitted from 2003- April 2006 (cohort B)Results: There were 155 infants in cohort A and 170 in cohort B. Implementation of guidelines led to significant reductions of CRP and leukocyte determinations: 49.0% and 48.2%, respectively (both p<0.001) and X-rays: 30.3% (p=0.020). Numbers of antibiotic prescriptions decreased with 55% (p<0.001). The chance of antibiotic prescription increased significantly when X-rays (OR=5.2), CRP (OR=5.4), or leukocytes (OR=4.2) were done. After implementation of the guidelines, the median stay in hospital decreased significantly from 8.0 to 6.0 days (p<0.001; ranges 1-13 days and 2-23 days, respectively). Performing X-ray, CRP or leukocytes, or antibiotic prescription did not significantly alter the total duration of hospital stay., Conclusion: Implementation of the guidelines led to significant decreases in numbers of X-rays, CRP and leukocytes determinations, and antibiotic prescriptions. Our data support the restrictive use of chest X-rays, CRP and leukocyte determinations in infants, admitted to hospital with RS virus bronchiolitis., (© Bohn Stafleu van Loghum 2008.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Bed-sharing in the first four months of life: a risk factor for sudden infant death.
- Author
-
Ruys JH, de Jonge GA, Brand R, Engelberts AC, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Breast Feeding, Epidemiologic Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Netherlands epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Smoking, Beds, Child Rearing, Parent-Child Relations, Sleep physiology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology
- Abstract
Aim: To investigate the risk of sudden infant death in the Netherlands during bed-sharing in the first half year of life and the protective effect of breastfeeding on it., Methods: During a 10-year period between September 1996 and September 2006 nationwide, 213 cot deaths were investigated., Results and Discussion: Of 138 cot deaths of less than 6 months of age, 36 (26%) bed-shared. In a reference group of 1628 babies from infant welfare centres only 9.4% were bed-sharing in the night prior to the interview. After correction for smoking of one or both parents the odds ratio for cot death during bed-sharing with parents decreased with age from 9.1 (CI 4.2-19.4) at 1 month, to 4.0 (CI 2.3-6.7) at 2 months, to 1.7 (CI 0.9-3.4) at 3 months and to 1.3 (CI 1.0-1.6) at 4 through 5 months of age. The excess risk (OR > 1) associated with bed-sharing is itself not significantly influenced by the presence or absence of breastfeeding., Conclusion: Bed-sharing is a serious risk factor for sudden infant death for all babies of less than 4 months of age. From 4 months onwards bed-sharing did not contribute significantly to the risk of cot death anymore in our study.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. [Chance finding of foetal and neonatal ovarian cysts on echography].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, Severijnen RS, and Nijhuis JG
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Fetal Diseases diagnostic imaging, Ovarian Cysts diagnostic imaging, Ovarian Diseases diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Prenatal methods
- Published
- 2007
28. Neonatal effects of exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy.
- Author
-
Bot P, Semmekrot BA, and van der Stappen J
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects chemically induced, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome diagnosis, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors adverse effects
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Allergic colitis presenting within the first hours of premature life.
- Author
-
Faber MR, Rieu P, Semmekrot BA, Van Krieken JH, Tolboom JJ, and Draaisma JM
- Subjects
- Biopsy, Needle, Colitis diagnosis, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Infant Food, Infant, Newborn, Male, Milk Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Colitis diet therapy, Colitis etiology, Infant, Premature, Milk Hypersensitivity complications
- Abstract
Unlabelled: A prematurely born infant developed rectal blood loss several hours after birth, after his first formula feeding. Discontinuing the feeding resolved symptoms, but after resuming feeding rectal blood loss reappeared. There were no signs of necrotizing enterocolitis. Suspecting cow's milk allergy, the feeding was changed to a casein-based protein hydrolysate, without effect. Meanwhile, laboratory tests indicated cow's milk allergy. Symptoms only resolved after introducing an amino acid-based formula supporting a definite diagnosis of cow's milk-induced allergic colitis. This is the first description of a premature infant with symptoms of allergic colitis, appearing within hours after birth, suggestive of intrauterine sensitization. The exact mechanisms of sensitization remain obscure., Conclusion: Cow's milk-induced allergic colitis can occur after the first feed, even in a prematurely born neonate. This is most probably due to intrauterine sensitization, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of rectal blood loss.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. [Sudden infant death syndrome in playpens].
- Author
-
de Jonge GA and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Beds, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Netherlands epidemiology, Prevalence, Prone Position, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking adverse effects, Infant Equipment, Play and Playthings, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology, Sudden Infant Death etiology
- Abstract
Objective: To explain the increase in the number of deaths due to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) that occurred while the infant was in a playpen or on a playpen mat placed outside of the pen. 13 deaths were reported in the period 1 September 1996-31 August 2004, in contrast to 0 deaths in the years 1984/'96., Design: Descriptive., Method: Data on the 13 infants that were reported to the National Study Group on SIDS were analysed and the presence of risk factors for SIDS was assessed., Results: Of the 13 infants, 9 were male and 4 were female. 12 were aged less than 12 months and 1 was aged 13 months. Known risk factors for SIDS were often present and frequently occurred in combinations: male sex (n = 9), higher birth order (n = 9), age 1-8 months (n = 12), parental smoking (n = 6), primary prone sleeping position (n = 4), secondary prone (n = 6, often the first time), face down (n = 9), no adult present (n = 13)., Conclusion: There was no clear explanation for the observed increase in SIDS that occurred in a playpen or on a playpen mat placed outside of the pen.
- Published
- 2005
31. The incidence of congenital cytomegalovirus infections in The Netherlands.
- Author
-
Gaytant MA, Galama JM, Semmekrot BA, Melchers WJ, Sporken JM, Oosterbaan HP, van Dop PA, Huisman A, Merkus HM, and Steegers EA
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Viral blood, Cohort Studies, Cytomegalovirus immunology, Cytomegalovirus Infections blood, Cytomegalovirus Infections congenital, Cytomegalovirus Infections urine, Female, Fetal Blood virology, Humans, Immunoglobulin G blood, Infant, Newborn, Netherlands epidemiology, Pharynx virology, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious blood, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious urine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Urban Population, Cytomegalovirus isolation & purification, Cytomegalovirus Infections epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology
- Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common causes of congenital infection without an effective treatment or an effective vaccine available to date. The emphasis has to be on preventive strategies, which rely on the epidemiological situation. The incidence of congenital CMV infections, however, is not known for The Netherlands. Therefore, a prospective virological study was carried out in a population of 7,524 pregnant women and 7,793 newborns. CMV-specific IgG antibodies were determined in cord blood by ELISA. When CMV antibodies were present, a CMV specific PCR was performed on the throat swab. A positive PCR was confirmed by urine culture. In addition, the seroepidemiology for CMV was investigated in the metropolitan region (Amsterdam and Rotterdam) which has a different ethnic composition. Congenital CMV infection was found in 7 infants (0.9 per 1,000). None had symptoms at birth or during 24 month follow-up. Carriage or CMV was 41%, with a variation between 35% and 100% depending on ethnicity. The ethnic composition in the south-eastern region was different from that in large cities, but similar to that in the rest of the country. The incidence of congenital CMV infections in The Netherlands is the lowest described to date, which does not justify special preventive policies., (Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Experiences with fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in the Netherlands over a 2-year period.
- Author
-
Serrarens-Janssen VM, Steegers EA, van den Bos A, van Heijst AF, Pereira R, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Maternal-Fetal Exchange immunology, Netherlands epidemiology, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic immunology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Thrombocytopenia congenital, Thrombocytopenia epidemiology, Antigens, Human Platelet immunology, Immunity, Maternally-Acquired, Isoantigens immunology, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic diagnosis, Pregnancy Outcome, Thrombocytopenia immunology
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. [Optimal breastfeeding to prevent hyperbilirubinaemia in healthy, term newborns].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, de Vries MC, Gerrits GP, and van Wieringen PM
- Subjects
- Bilirubin blood, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Jaundice, Neonatal epidemiology, Weight Loss, Breast Feeding, Jaundice, Neonatal prevention & control
- Abstract
In a newborn infant, frequent bowel movements diminish the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin, thereby increasing bilirubin excretion. In breastfed newborn infants, the frequency of latching on and administration of supplementary feeds are associated with serum bilirubin concentrations. Frequent breast feeding (at least 8 times a day) and fewer supplementary feeds will result in increased breast milk intake, less weight loss, and lower bilirubin concentrations. In the case of a breastfed infant presenting with neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, the advice should be to breastfeed more frequently and to withhold supplementary feedings. An icteric newborn infant should be seen and weighed daily. If the infant has lost more than 10% of its birth weight, drinks poorly, or fails to gain weight despite latching onto the breast frequently, it should be referred to the paediatrician for further diagnosis and treatment. To ensure optimal production of breast milk during the first days after birth, early latching on is recommended, preferably within one hour after birth.
- Published
- 2004
34. [Non-respiratory cyanosis in the newborn].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, Severijnen RS, and Bongaerts GP
- Subjects
- Cyanosis etiology, Cystic Fibrosis complications, Cystic Fibrosis genetics, Escherichia coli Infections complications, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Multiple Organ Failure, Cyanosis diagnosis, Sulfhemoglobinemia complications
- Published
- 2004
35. Sudden infant death syndrome in child care settings in the Netherlands.
- Author
-
de Jonge GA, Lanting CI, Brand R, Ruys JH, Semmekrot BA, and van Wouwe JP
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant Care statistics & numerical data, Male, Netherlands epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sudden Infant Death epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: In the Netherlands, there is a very low incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) due to effective preventive campaigns., Methods: During the period September 1996 to August 2002, nationwide 161 deaths from SIDS (about 85% of all cases of SIDS during that time) were investigated by the Cot Death Committee of the Dutch Paediatric Association., Results and Discussion: Over 10% of cases of SIDS took place during some type of child care. From a national survey carried out in 2000/01 information was available on the child care attendance of 2000 Dutch infants aged 3-6 months. Based on the hours usually spent in child care by these infants, the number of similarly aged infants that died from SIDS while attending child care was 4.2 times higher than expected. Remarkably, the prevalence of known risk factors for SIDS, such as sleeping position and parental smoking, was favourable in the SIDS cases in child care settings. The adherence of child care facilities to the safe sleeping recommendations is high in the Netherlands, and no explanation as to why child care settings may be associated with an increased risk of SIDS is apparent. The possibility of other explanations, such as stress and change in routine care, is hypothesised.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Otitis media.
- Author
-
Oudesluys-Murphy AM and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Breast Feeding, Otitis Media prevention & control
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. [Guideline 'Treating asthma in children' for pediatric pulmonologists (2nd revised edition). I. Diagnosis and prevention].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, Rodrigues Pereira R, Oudesluys-Murphy AM, Schölvinck EH, and Tolboom J
- Subjects
- Breast Feeding, Child, Humans, Time Factors, Asthma diagnosis, Asthma prevention & control
- Published
- 2004
38. [Diagnostic image (143). A neonate with a skin disorder. Congenital cutaneous candidiasis].
- Author
-
Hameleers SJ, Bergman KA, Rulo HF, Kuiper H, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Antifungal Agents therapeutic use, Candidiasis, Cutaneous drug therapy, Candidiasis, Cutaneous pathology, Female, Fluconazole therapeutic use, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Diseases drug therapy, Infant, Premature, Diseases pathology, Skin pathology, Candidiasis, Cutaneous congenital, Infant, Premature, Diseases microbiology
- Abstract
A premature neonate was born with a generalized eruption of vesicles, within a day developing into an erythrodermia, with bullae and widespread desquamation, due to congenital cutaneous candidiasis.
- Published
- 2003
39. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection after recurrent infection: case reports and review of the literature.
- Author
-
Gaytant MA, Rours GI, Steegers EA, Galama JM, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Adult, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing virology, Female, Fetal Death virology, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy, Recurrence, Cytomegalovirus isolation & purification, Cytomegalovirus Infections congenital, Cytomegalovirus Infections transmission, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
- Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common causes of congenital infections in developed countries with reported incidences varying between 0.15% and 2.0%. The effects of congenital CMV infection may vary from a congenital syndrome to an asymptomatic course. Infants that are asymptomatic at birth may still present handicaps at a later age. It is generally accepted that symptoms of congenitally infected children are more severe after primary infection than after recurrent infection. In this article, we present two case reports which demonstrate that the outcome of recurrent maternal CMV infection may be severe. In the first case, early pregnancy serology showed positive IgG and IgM, but negative IgA, whereas at the time of diagnosed fetal death, 5 weeks later, there was only positive IgG. The second case showed positive IgG and negative IgM and IgA both in early pregnancy and after delivery. Since in both cases CMV was isolated from several organs, these findings are compatible with recurrent rather than primary CMV infection. In the reported patients, fetal death and necrotising enterocolitis occurred after a congenital CMV infection, with mothers having pre-existing immunity to CMV. In conclusion, these case reports and review of the literature emphasise that the outcome of recurrent maternal CMV infection may be severe and that congenital CMV infection should be considered in cases of pregnancy loss and necrotising enterocolitis with recurrent maternal CMV infection.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. [Breast feeding and bottle feeding in the first 4 months of life in 4438 neonates].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Infant Food, Infant, Newborn, Time Factors, Bottle Feeding statistics & numerical data, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data, Lactation physiology
- Published
- 2003
41. A novel splice site mutation in neonatal carnitine palmitoyl transferase II deficiency.
- Author
-
Smeets RJ, Smeitink JA, Semmekrot BA, Scholte HR, Wanders RJ, and van den Heuvel LP
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pedigree, Prenatal Diagnosis, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase deficiency, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase genetics, Mutation, RNA Splice Sites
- Abstract
Mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids requires the concerted action of three tightly integrated membrane-bound enzymes (carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and II and carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase) that transport them into mitochondria. Neonatal onset of carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) deficiency is an autosomal recessive, often lethal disorder of this transport. We describe a novel splice-site mutation in the CPT II gene, found in a Moroccan family, of which four out of five children have died from the neonatal form of CPT II deficiency. Mutation detection studies at the mRNA level in the CPT II gene implied that the affected children were homozygous for the previously reported 534T insertion followed by a 25-bp deletion (encompassing bases 534-558). Studies of genomic DNA, however, revealed all patients to be compound heterozygous for this 534T ins/del 25 mutation, and for a new g-->a splice-site mutation in the splice-acceptor site of intron 2. Because of these findings, prenatal diagnosis was performed in chorionic villi of three new pregnancies. This did not reveal new compound heterozygous genotypes, and, after uneventful pregnancies, all children appeared to be healthy. The new mutation is the first splice-site mutation ever identified in CPT II deficiency. The fact that it was not discovered in the patient's cDNA makes this study another example of the incompleteness of mutation detection at the mRNA level in cases where a mutation leads to aberrant splicing or nonsense-mediated messenger decay.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Seroprevalences of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among pregnant women in the Netherlands.
- Author
-
Gaytant MA, Steegers EA, van Laere M, Semmekrot BA, Groen J, Weel JF, van der Meijden WI, Boer K, and Galama JM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Antibodies, Viral blood, Female, Herpesvirus 1, Human immunology, Herpesvirus 2, Human immunology, Humans, Middle Aged, Netherlands epidemiology, Pregnancy, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Herpes Genitalis epidemiology, Herpes Simplex epidemiology, Herpesvirus 1, Human isolation & purification, Herpesvirus 2, Human isolation & purification, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious virology
- Abstract
Background: In the Netherlands 73% of cases of neonatal herpes are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), whereas in the United States a majority are caused by HSV type 2 (HSV-2). GOAL To understand this difference we undertook a seroepidemiological study on the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among pregnant women., Study Design: Type-specific antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from 1,507 pregnant women in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Nijmegen., Results: The prevalence of HSV-1 was 61% in Nijmegen, 73% in Amsterdam, and 75% in Rotterdam. The prevalence of HSV-2 was 11% in Nijmegen, 35% in Amsterdam, and 27% in Rotterdam., Conclusion: The seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies among pregnant women in the Netherlands shows significant geographical differences, which were attributed to ethnical variation. However, the epidemiologic differences did not correlate with the incidence of neonatal herpes in the Netherlands.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. [Kernicterus in a full-term male infant a few days old].
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Breast Feeding, Humans, Infant Food adverse effects, Infant, Newborn, Kernicterus complications, Male, Bilirubin blood, Blood Transfusion, Kernicterus therapy
- Published
- 2002
44. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: review of the epidemiology and outcome.
- Author
-
Gaytant MA, Steegers EA, Semmekrot BA, Merkus HM, and Galama JM
- Subjects
- Cytomegalovirus, Cytomegalovirus Infections pathology, Cytomegalovirus Infections prevention & control, Cytomegalovirus Infections therapy, Female, Fetal Diseases virology, Humans, Incidence, Patient Education as Topic, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Cytomegalovirus Infections congenital, Cytomegalovirus Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Unlabelled: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common viral causes of congenital infection. A future decision to lower its incidence by vaccination will depend on epidemiological conditions within a country and on the safety of the vaccine to be used, because a life vaccine may cause latency and subsequent reactivation that still may harm the fetus. The aim was to review the epidemiological studies published so far, with respect to factors that affect the incidence of congenital CMV infection, and factors that may influence its outcome, such as preexisting maternal immunity. The study included the data of 19 studies that were retrieved from a MEDLINE search during the period 1977 to 1997. The incidence of congenital CMV infection varied between 0.15% and 2.0% and seemed to correlate with the level of preexisting immunity in the population. Although preexisting maternal immunity was reported to strongly reduce transmission, the severity of congenital CMV infection (symptoms at birth and or sequelae later in life) was not significantly greater after virus transmission due to a primary infection of the mother as compared with recurrence or reinfection. The data indicate that preexisting immunity of the mother does not significantly mitigate the outcome of congenital infection. Moreover, life vaccines may bear a serious risk when transmittable to the fetus., Target Audience: Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Family Physicians., Learning Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader will be able to describe the natural course of a CMV infection, to list the potential sequelae of a congenital CMV infection, to outline potential strategies to prevent transmission of CMV, and to summarize the diagnostic work up of a patient with a potential CMV infection.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Changes in cerebral, renal and mesenteric blood flow velocity during continuous and bolus infusion of indomethacin.
- Author
-
Christmann V, Liem KD, Semmekrot BA, and van de Bor M
- Subjects
- Blood Flow Velocity drug effects, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent drug therapy, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent physiopathology, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Infant, Premature, Diseases physiopathology, Infusions, Intravenous, Injections, Intravenous, Cerebrovascular Circulation drug effects, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors administration & dosage, Indomethacin administration & dosage, Renal Circulation drug effects, Splanchnic Circulation drug effects
- Abstract
Unlabelled: Vasoconstriction induced by bolus injection of indomethacin reduces organ perfusion and has been related to the well-known side effects of indomethacin given for closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The aim of the study was to compare the changes in cerebral, renal and mesenteric blood flow velocities after continuous infusion versus bolus injection of indomethacin for closure of the PDA. Thirty-two preterm infants (range 26-35 wk gestational age) with PDA were randomly assigned to receive the same amount of indomethacin either as three bolus injections (n = 14) or as a continuous infusion (n = 18) over 36 h. Blood flow velocities were measured in the internal carotid, right renal and superior mesenteric arteries at baseline and serially at 10, 30, 60 and 120 min and 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after the start of indomethacin treatment. There were no differences in blood flow velocities between both groups at baseline. During continuous infusion of indomethacin there was no significant change in the cerebral, renal and mesenteric blood flow velocities, whereas the flow velocities in the infants receiving bolus injections decreased significantly during the first 2 h after indomethacin administration in all arteries measured. There was a transient, but significant reduction in urine output after bolus injection of indomethacin., Conclusion: In contrast to bolus injections, decrease of organ blood flow and impairment of urine output do not accompany continuous infusion of indomethacin over 36 h.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Serial plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone in neonates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
- Author
-
Semmekrot BA, Pesman GJ, Span PN, Sweep CG, van Heijst AF, Monnens LA, van de Bor M, Tanke RB, and van der Staak FH
- Subjects
- Blood Pressure, Central Venous Pressure, Electrolytes blood, Electrolytes urine, Heart Rate, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Osmolar Concentration, Osmotic Pressure, Serum Albumin, Urine, Aldosterone blood, Atrial Natriuretic Factor blood, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Renin blood, Vasopressins blood
- Abstract
To obtain information on water and salt regulating hormones and volume homeostasis during neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), serial determinations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (Aldo), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), colloid-osmotic pressure (COP), osmolality (Osmol), and central venous pressure (CVP) before, during, and after neonatal ECMO in 10 neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) were carried out. Mean gestational ages and birth weights were 41(+3) weeks (39(+6) - 42(+4)) and 4,063 gm (3,500-4700), respectively; mean age at start and duration of ECMO 29.3 (14-69) and 152.6 hr (92-267), respectively. Plasma ANP (mean +/- SD) was 67.8+/-69.1 pmol/L before, decreased to 33.3+/-22.1 (not significant) pmol/L during, and significantly increased to 274.6+/-131.8 pmol/L after ECMO (p < 0.05). ANP correlated positively with CVP (r = 0.63; p < 0.001). Pre-ECMO PRA, Aldo, and ADH were comparable to those described earlier in normal neonates, decreased during (p < 0.001 for Aldo; p < 0.05 for PRA and ADH) and either remained elevated (PRA, p < 0.001; Aldo, p < 0.05) or decreased (ADH) after ECMO. COP and Osmol remained unchanged. Neonatal ECMO for MAS is characterized by circulatory and osmotic equilibrium. It is suggested that circulating volume contracts during and expands after neonatal ECMO for MAS.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Candidal and bacterial bloodstream infections in premature neonates: a case-control study.
- Author
-
Warris A, Semmekrot BA, and Voss A
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bacteremia complications, Bacteremia diagnosis, C-Reactive Protein analysis, Candidiasis physiopathology, Case-Control Studies, Cross Infection microbiology, Cross Infection physiopathology, Fungemia complications, Fungemia diagnosis, Fungemia drug therapy, Fungemia physiopathology, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Risk Factors, Bacteremia etiology, Candidiasis etiology, Cross Infection etiology, Fungemia etiology, Infant, Premature, Diseases etiology
- Abstract
Nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) in premature neonates are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The early and efficient diagnosis of a neonatal BSI and the differentiation between bacterial and fungal BSI remains a challenging task. We compared the clinical features and blood test results in preterm infants with proven candidal or bacterial BSI in order to identify potential risk factors for developing a candidal BSI. Preterm infants with proven candidal BSI were significantly more prematurely born (mean age of gestation 27.7 vs. 29.8 weeks), had previously received significantly more antibiotics of multiple classes (mean 4.4 vs. 1.2) for significantly longer periods (mean 19.3 vs. 3.2 days), were ventilated more intensively, had a significantly longer stay at the neonatal intensive care unit before the onset of the BSI (mean 26.5 vs. 9.4 days), and had C-reactive protein values even higher than in preterm infants with a bacterial BSI (mean 90 vs. 71 mg l(-1)). The presence of thrombocytopenia ( < 150 x 10(9) cells l(-1)) in all the preterm infants with candidal BSI was a significant difference. No differences were seen with regard to birth-weight, use of central intravascular catheters, total parenteral nutrition, white blood cell count and differentiation. In conclusion, candidal BSI can be strongly expected after the third week of admittance in the most premature neonates on a respirator and treated with multiple classes of antibiotics for a prolonged period of time. The presence of these risk factors in a 'septic' premature infant on antibiotic treatment justifies the empiric use of antifungals.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Diagnosis and treatment of the Pierre Robin sequence: results of a retrospective clinical study and review of the literature.
- Author
-
van den Elzen AP, Semmekrot BA, Bongers EM, Huygen PL, and Marres HA
- Subjects
- Child, Female, Humans, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Pierre Robin Syndrome diagnosis, Pierre Robin Syndrome therapy
- Abstract
Unlabelled: We performed a retrospective study of all children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), admitted to our hospital from 1981-1998 in order to evaluate diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Patients were divided into two categories: isolated PRS (group 1) and PRS plus, i.e. PRS as part of a more complex syndrome (group 2). A total of 74 patients with PRS were found, 29 (39%) males and 45 (61%) females of whom 47 (63.5%) could be categorised as isolated PRS and 27 (36.8%) as PRS plus. The most frequent diagnoses in patients with PRS plus were Stickler syndrome and the velocardiofacial syndrome. Ophthalmological and fluorescent in situ hybridisation of chromosome 22 investigations should therefore be performed in all patients, as soon as the diagnosis of PRS is established. Some form of airway treatment was necessary in the majority of patients (52 of 74), most could be treated conservatively with prone/lateral positioning and close observation. Endotracheal intubation was necessary in one child from group 1 versus five from group 2. Tracheostomy was performed in three children from group 1 and two from group 2. Feeding problems occurred in about 25% of all PRS patients and stunted growth was seen especially in boys with isolated PRS before the age of 10 months., Conclusion: In our series, 33% of patients with Pierre Robin sequence plus had Stickler and velocardiofacial syndromes. Conservative airway management was a sufficient treatment for respiratory problems in the majority of patients. Feeding and growth need special attention in patients with Pierre Robin sequence.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. [Incidence of herpes neonatorum in Netherlands].
- Author
-
Gaytant MA, Steegers EA, van Cromvoirt PL, Semmekrot BA, and Galama JM
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Gynecology statistics & numerical data, Herpes Genitalis epidemiology, Herpes Simplex congenital, Herpes Simplex virology, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases virology, Laboratories statistics & numerical data, Netherlands epidemiology, Pediatrics statistics & numerical data, Pemphigoid Gestationis epidemiology, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Herpes Simplex epidemiology, Herpesvirus 1, Human isolation & purification, Herpesvirus 2, Human isolation & purification, Infant, Newborn, Diseases epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: Investigation of the incidence of neonatal herpes in the Netherlands between 1992 and 1998., Design: Inventory questionnaire survey., Methods: All virological laboratories in the Netherlands were sent a questionnaire on the number of culture proven cases of neonatal herpes recorded between 1992 and 1998 and on the type of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 or HSV-2). The gynaecological and paediatric departments of all university hospitals and of half of the general hospitals were sent questionnaires as well. Gynaecologists were asked how often caesarean section was performed in order to prevent neonatal herpes and how frequently pregnant women were seen with genital herpes. Paediatricians were asked how often they observed neonatal herpes, the type of HSV and the possible transmission route. Based on these data the figures for the whole of the Netherlands were estimated., Results: The incidence of neonatal herpes in the Netherlands in the period 1992 to 1998 was 2.4 per 100,000 neonates. HSV-1 was the cause of neonatal herpes in 73%, HSV-2 in 9%, and in 18% of the cases the type of infection was not recorded. The number of pregnant women with genital herpes had increased, but, in agreement with a consensus statement, the gynaecologists hardly performed caesarean sections any more to prevent neonatal herpes (2 per year)., Conclusions: The incidence of neonatal herpes in the Netherlands had not increased. There was no predominant role of HSV type 2 causing neonatal herpes.
- Published
- 2000
50. [Facial dysmorphism due to complicated congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction].
- Author
-
van Kuijck MA, Verbeek AM, Klevering BJ, and Semmekrot BA
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Congenital Abnormalities diagnosis, Face abnormalities, Infant, Newborn, Diseases diagnosis, Mucocele diagnosis, Nasolacrimal Duct pathology, Respiratory Insufficiency etiology
- Abstract
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (in the literature also called congenital nasolacrimal mucocele or dacryocystocele) presents either as a simple nasolacrimal obstruction with epiphora or as a complicated obstruction on both sides of the lacrimal sac with midfacial deformation and respiratory insufficiency. Five neonates were treated for such complicated congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Symptoms varied from an inner canthal purple-red swelling in the medial corner of the eye, with epiphora, to a serious midfacial deformation with respiratory insufficiency. The presence of a bilateral nasolacrimal mucocele leads to a broadened nasal bridge, which may be falsely interpreted as a dysmorphic feature of a congenital syndrome. Recognition of the condition allows a quick and efficient diagnosis and prevents unnecessary diagnostic procedures and anxiety. Differential diagnosis mainly includes frontobasal encephalocele and haemangioma. Treatment consists of massage, and catheterization if necessary.
- Published
- 2000
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.