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345 results on '"Schweiger U"'

15. The principle of homeostasis in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system: new insight from positive feedback

Author

Peters, A., Conrad, M., Hubold, C., Schweiger, U., Fischer, B., and Fehm, H.L.

Subjects
Pituitary-adrenal function tests -- Models, Adrenal gland diseases -- Research, Homeostasis -- Research, Pituitary diseases -- Research, Physiological research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Feedback control, both negative and positive, is a fundamental feature of biological systems. Some of these systems strive to achieve a state of equilibrium or 'homeostasis'. The major endocrine systems are regulated by negative feedback, a process believed to maintain hormonal levels within a relatively narrow range. Positive feedback is often thought to have a destabilizing effect. Here, we present a 'principle of homeostasis,' which makes use of both positive and negative feedback loops. To test the hypothesis that this homeostatic concept is valid for the regulation of cortisol, we assessed experimental data in humans with different conditions (gender, obesity, endocrine disorders, medication) and analyzed these data by a novel computational approach. We showed that all obtained data sets were in agreement with the presented concept of homeostasis in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. According to this concept, a homeostatic system can stabilize itself with the help of a positive feedback loop. The brain mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors--with their known characteristics--fulfill the key functions in the homeostatic concept: binding cortisol with high and low affinities, acting in opposing manners, and mediating feedback effects on cortisol. This study supports the interaction between positive and negative feedback loops in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system and in this way sheds new light on the function of dual receptor regulation. Current knowledge suggests that this principle of homeostasis could also apply to other biological systems. mathematical modeling; mineralocorticoid receptor; glucocorticoid receptor; obesity doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00907.2006

Published
2007

35. Cortisol, ACTH, and cardiovascular response to a cognitive challenge paradigm in aging and depression

Author

Gotthardt, U., Schweiger, U., Fahrenberg, J., Lauer, C.J., Holsboer, F., and Heuser, I.

Subjects
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -- Research, Cardiovascular diseases -- Physiological aspects, Depression, Mental -- Physiological aspects, Aged patients -- Physiological aspects, Stress (Psychology) -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

A study conducted among 20 normal controls of two different age groups, under 30 and over 60, and 20 age-matched patients with major depression, reveals that depressed patients of all ages have higher hypercortisolemia and heart rates. Basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system activity was the same for both young and older healthy controls but older controls had higher stress-induced hormonal secretion during the cognitive challenge. Baseline hypercortisolism leads to a dissociation between the cardiovascular and hormonal responses to a mental challenge in depressed patients but not in normal aged persons.

Published
1995

46. Intima-media thickness in women with borderline personality disorder.

Author

Greggersen W, Rudolf S, Brandt PW, Schulz E, Fassbinder E, Willenborg B, Kahl KG, Bergmann-Koester C, Stoeckelhuber BM, Hohagen F, Schweiger U, Greggersen, Wiebke, Rudolf, Sebastian, Brandt, Peer-Willem, Schulz, Ellen, Fassbinder, Eva, Willenborg, Bastian, Kahl, Kai G, Bergmann-Koester, Claudia, and Stoeckelhuber, Beate M

Published
2011
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