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BackgroundChildren with heart disease frequently require anticoagulation for thromboprophylaxis. Current standard of care (SOC), vitamin K antagonists or low-molecular-weight heparin, has significant disadvantages.ObjectivesThe authors sought to describe safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of apixaban, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor, for prevention of thromboembolism in children with congenital or acquired heart disease.MethodsPhase 2, open-label trial in children (ages, 28 days to

Abstract: In this study, the second-moment analysis of marked spatial point processes is applied to the characterization of the tree height distribution in two Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests [...]

Objective: Cardiac catheterization in patients receiving extracorporeal life support (ECLS) has previously been shown to be safe and, in many cases, therapeutic. However, the influence of cardiac catheterization on clinical outcomes in this patient population has not been clearly defined.Methods: A single institution, retrospective review of all pediatric cardiac ECLS patients who underwent cardiac catheterization between January 2006 and September 2015 was performed.Results: Eighty-two interventional cardiac catheterization procedures were performed on 74 patients. Catheterization findings directly led to catheterization-based or surgical intervention in 54 (73%) patients. One (1.2%) catheterization-related complication occurred (pulmonary artery rupture), which ultimately resulted in death. Patients who underwent early catheterization (≤72 hours of ECLS initiation) required shorter total duration of ECLS than patients who underwent catheterization >72 hours after ECLS initiation (136 hours vs. 227 hours, P < 0.01). The groups experienced similar rates of interventions based on catheterization findings (72% early cath vs. 74% late cath, P = 0.81). Survival to hospital discharge was higher in the early catheterization group (74% vs. 51%, P = 0.04). In multivariate models adjusting for covariates, early catheterization was associated with a reduction in ECLS duration by approximately 150 hours (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Cardiac catheterization is safe in pediatric ECLS patients and an earlier catheterization is associated with shorter duration of ECLS and improved hospital survival. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization should be considered in patients who remain dependent on ECLS after several days of support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the soil characterization of chestnut forest sites in Catalonia. Calculation of several soil indexes; Definition of a range of soil conditions; Predominant texture of soil; Explanation of soil's high acidity and low organic content.

We present a case of persistent fifth aortic arch with coarctation diagnosed in a 5 year old child, initially managed by percutaneous balloon angioplasty ultimately undergoing percutaneous stenting of the coarctation of the aorta. The coarctation was initially treated with balloon angioplasty, but a moderate recoarctation recurred. The child remained asymptomatic with normal left ventricular function. She was followed longitudinally until large enough to undergo stent placement at 7 years of age with a weight of 31 kg.. The procedure was tolerated well with significant improvement in peak gradients. Over the two-year follow-up period, the child has not required further intervention. Transcatheter relief of an aortic arch obstruction in the setting of a persistent fifth aortic arch anatomy is feasible and can provide a durable option even in young children. • Stenting a persistent fifth aortic arch is feasible in children • Stenting a persistent fifth aortic arch provides durable results • Stenting a persistent fifth aortic arch is efficacious in children [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is the most common diagnosis among infants requiring cardiac extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in the neonatal period, with more than half of patients experiencing an ECLS-related complication. We present a case of nearly obstructing neoaortic thrombus during ECLS occurring in the early postoperative period after modified Norwood palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Stasis within the neoaortic root due to the increased ventricular afterload associated with venoarterial ECLS may have potentiated this complication. Echocardiographic monitoring and early cardiac catheterization while on ECLS enabled prompt diagnosis and timely surgical correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) in premature and very low weight infants has not been described. We present a successful BAS in a 1.4-kg, 13-day-old ex-31 6/7-week infant with dextro-transposition of the great arteries and a restrictive atrial septum. ( Level of Difficulty: Advanced. )., Competing Interests: The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (© 2023 The Authors.)