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OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of the main oral illnesses reported in the ENSAB III in 110 children from 5 to 12 years old, keeping in mind the indexes settled down by the WHO.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study was carried out in 110 native scholar children who attended to the school Francisco José de Caldas of km 6 in Leticia, and school Moniyamena of km 9, Amazonas.RESULTS: The cavity prevalence in permanent teeth was 28.4% and COP-D was 1.3% for children between 10 and 12 years, results that are below the goal settled down by the WHO for the year 2000 and the results of the ENSAB III. Periodontally the results show an inclination toward health with 59.7% of healthy children and the children that present single light gingivitis require just the first level of attention, in spite of the hygienic and environmental deficiencies. The diet they consume is highly fibrous, dry and hard. Fluorosis was not found in the studied population.CONCLUSION: The results in this study are highly encouraging and they suggest that the entities of Public Health should focus more studies and preventive actions tending to continue improving the oral health of this ethnic people, trying to respect their customs and to receive a feedback among the cultures with the purpose of a mutual enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]