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Copyright of Pegada is the property of Pegada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen En este artículo, presentamos y discutimos la presencia de una serie de innovaciones o rasgos particulares con una representación minoritaria en el conjunto cerámico del río Salado bonaerense, Argentina. Estos rasgos, los vinculamos con la cultura material de los grupos guaraníes quienes solían moverse por entornos fluviales y boscosos. En el contexto de cazadores-recolectores-pescadores de la microrregión del río Salado durante el Holoceno tardío, la incorporación de elementos de la tradición tecnológica guaraní, supuso la existencia de escenarios de interacción con estos grupos horticultores. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados obtenidos, proponemos que los contactos pudieron darse a partir del primer milenio de nuestra era, es decir, desde los momentos tempranos de la expansión meridional guaraní. La interacción entre estos grupos implicó la existencia de amplias redes de intercambio que se reflejó en la circulación y aceptación de bienes, ideas o personas. Planteamos que estas relaciones intergrupales no implicaron cambios o variaciones tecnológicas estructurales ni produjeron el desplazamiento o la eliminación de las bandas locales.

Introducción: Los recolectores de café son una población vulnerable, sin embargo, es escasa la evidencia de sus condiciones socio-laborales y trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME). Objetivo: describir las condiciones sociodemográficas, laborales, el riesgo ergonómico y su relación con los TME en recolectores de café del municipio de Betania, Antioquia, 2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con intención analítica y fuente primaria de información. Se incluyeron 98 recolectores de café, mayores de edad, laborando en el municipio de Betania. Se aplicó un instrumento estandarizado, previa toma de consentimiento a cada trabajador. Fueron incluidas condiciones sociodemográficas, laborales, el método OWAS para tamizar factores de riesgo posturales y el cuestionario nórdico para identificar sus TME. Resultados: El 56% de los participantes presentó mínimo un TME, siendo la lumbalgia la más prevalente, un 34,7% presentó posturas con efectos dañinos. Se identificó mayor reporte de cervicalgia en trabajadores con ≥51 años. Quienes tuvieron un accidente laboral presentaron casi 4 veces más prevalencia de síndrome del manguito rotador. Fueron significativas las asociaciones entre las condiciones laborales y fascitis plantar, manguito rotador y túnel del carpo. Conclusión: las condiciones laborales y riesgos posturales asociadas a los TME pueden ser modificadas con acciones de prevención orientadas a mejorar las condiciones de vida y salud de los recolectores.

With the support of governments, research funding agencies or academic institutions, Open Access is taking hold in the field of scholarly communication. More and more cases are found where recommendations on Open Access publication are transformed into obligations that researchers must comply with. Plan S, the Spanish Law on Science, Technology and Innovation or several university mandates are some examples of this change in trend. Given this situation, it is necessary to check compliance with these mandates from at least two points of view, on the one hand, to ensure that publications are in Open Access and on the other hand, that they comply with the established deadlines. So far, several attempts have been made to monitor compliance with the mandates from different perspectives, however, few have considered the time frame in which a publication must be in Open Access. To improve this monitoring, we propose the use of existing information in the repositories, such as, information on the funders, date of publication of the work in the academic journal and date of deposit in the repository, as well as the presentation of this information through the OAI-PMH (Open Archive Initiative - Procotol for Metadata Harvesting). In this way, monitoring could be improved at the institutional level. In addition, this information could also be collected by harvesters such as Recolecta, so that they can become a tool for monitoring Open Access publication mandates at the national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After decades of study, much remains unknown about the foraging practices of the earliest inhabitants of Puerto Rico. Here, we present an analysis of the malacological assemblages of two neighboring and (partially) contemporary early sites from the island's southwest, finding intriguing intersite differences in shellfish collection practices. We attribute this diversity to differences in site type, chronology, or changes in local coastal configuration. This work not only provides insights into prehistoric Puerto Rican foraging dynamics but also demonstrates the importance of considering factors including intra-age chronology, site type, and changes in paleoenvironmental conditions when considering ancient foraging practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the results of a qualitative research study carried out in 2016 with pickers of recyclable material from the Jardim Gramacho dump, located in Duque de Caxias City, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The objective was to understand the problems of these recyclable waste pickers. Although the National Solid Waste Policy determines that these workers are participants in the integrated management of solid waste to be developed by municipal governments, after its promulgation in August 2010, it has been observed that recyclable waste pickers remain stigmatized and excluded from social/labor benefits and rights. Despite the promise of the Government to guarantee socio-productive inclusion, after the closure of the dump, the income of the recyclable waste pickers decreased substantially and the work of collecting the recyclable waste became even more difficult, since the municipalities that destined their waste to the old dumps did not invest in selective collection. Several recommendations of the national policy that defend and guarantee support for the recyclable waste pickers were not enforced. We also identified that the main action of the Town Council of Rio de Janeiro aimed at solving the socio-environmental problem caused by the dump was the closure of that dump, with no concern for heeding the other recommendations contained in the law that would guarantee work and income for the pickers.

The objective of this paper is to provide new data about prehispanic occupations in the vicinity of the Sauce Grande shallow lake (Monte Hermoso, province of Buenos Aires). The results of the research about the Laguna Sauce Grande II and Laguna Sauce Grande III archaeological sites are presented. Furthermore, the subsistence, technology and mobility of hunter-gatherers during the late Holocene are discussed. In relation to subsistence, the abundant record of Amarilladesma mactroides (yellow clam) remains is a remarkable fact, which indicates that this bivalve was transported for 6 km from the Atlantic coast and used as foodstuff. The estimated size of the shells retrieved demonstrates homogeneity in selecting adult individuals. In regard to technology, 12 different rock varieties from diverse sources were identified, which means there were various transportation distance ranges involved. The artifacts were produced by knapping and by picking; those intended to resource processing are predominant. The material evidence, particularly that of archaeofaunae, presents novel information for the Pampean region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the socio-environmental context of waste picker cooperatives and the impacts of COVID 19 on these organizations. The study took place between the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020, when the world was shaken by the New Coronavirus pandemic. Through a bibliographic review of existing studies and sanctioned public policies, as well as informal meetings and open interviews, carried out during 20 visits to a cooperative located in Rio de Janeiro, the challenges faced were identified and the impacts of COVID 19 were identified in these organizations. The results pointed to a complex scenario where the interests of large scrap traders overlap with those of "garbage workers", with the collusion of the recycling industry. The National Solid Waste Policy, despite allowing numerous laws of a socio-environmental nature, has so far failed to articulate an effective support pact for waste pickers' organizations. The analysis of the results pointed to numerous difficulties faced by these organizations that reflect on workers. The conditions of work, health and remuneration of waste pickers have been impacted and the socio-environmental context of the cooperatives has worsened with the first effects caused by this pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo se genera a partir de la temática de reciclaje y la implicación social. El objetivo de principal gira en torno a la búsqueda de las historias de vida de los recolectores de reciclaje en Liberia, Costa Rica, análisis de sus experiencias en la recolección de materiales de reciclaje y de sus motivaciones. El estudio se realiza con base en una metodología de carácter cualitativo y de enfoque descriptivo. Se utilizaron entrevistas en profundidad aplicadas a quince personas, en un rango de edad de 25 a 70 años. Se deduce una percepción negativa de la población y de resistencia a la labor que realizan las personas que participan en la recolección de desechos, así como a quienes contribuyen a mejorar el ambiente. A manera de conclusión, el estudio formula una concientización en el manejo adecuado de desechos y una mayor valoración de las personas implicadas en esta labor, la mayoría de la clase poco privilegiada de la sociedad. Se plantea un cambio desde niveles institucionales del Estado, que genere le visibilidad y recompensa social a esta población liberiana.

The recyclable material collectors have been structuring collective work organizations in the form of cooperatives and associations, where workers are the owners of the means of production that they use and seek for an organization based on self-management. Despite some advances, they are exposed to risk factors and long working hours, and although they participate in the lucrative productive chain, they have low incomes, and have been facing difficulties to acquire work equipment. Taking these factors into consideration, an extracurricular project was developed with ATLIMARJOM, a group of recyclable materials collectors from João Monlevade. The objective of the project was to stimulate the selfmanagement through training and technical assistance to these workers. The methods used were work observations, training based on the pedagogy of the alternation, and softwares for elaboration of production layout. After that, all recyclable material collectors had a training about it and together with the workers, a new layout was developed. These results allowed the collectors' organization to be strengthened through a new logistic management of spaces and the recognition of PPE as protection tools, as well as the possibility knowledge acquisition for the course's team as a result of the direct contact with the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Con la finalidad de determinar la estructura trófica a nivel de grupos funcionales alimentarios de la entomofauna acuática asociada al río Tríbique. Se ubicaron tres estaciones de muestreo, abarcando distintos tramos del río. En cada estación la unidad de esfuerzo de recolecta fue de una hora y las giras de campo se realizaron dos veces al mes durante el período de febrero a abril del 2014. Para la recolecta de los especímenes se utilizó una red tipo D-Net para barridos de fondo y en la vegetación marginal sumergida; también pinzas entomológicas para los insectos asociados a rocas y a hojarasca. Se recolectaron un total de 1,285 insectos acuáticos, distribuidos en 8 órdenes, 41 familias y 67 géneros. A escala de río, el grupo funcional alimenticio dominante, en cuanto al número de géneros y de individuos, corresponde a los depredadores, con un total de 27 géneros y 302 (23.5%) individuos (H’=2.67). La mayor cantidad de biomasa (peso seco), a escala de río, de los grupos funcionales alimentarios fue aportado por los depredadores con 1.8497 g, lo que representa 60 % deltotal.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a percepção dos catadores de materiais recicláveis da Associação dos Trabalhadores da Usina de Triagem e Reciclagem de Viçosa/MG (ACAMARE) acerca das suas condições de trabalho, bem como suas perspectivas de vida. A amostra foi constituída por 22 catadores. Foi realizada uma combinação de dados quantitativos e qualitativos no processo de obtenção dos dados. A análise dos dados quantitativos foi feita por estatística univariada, enquanto os dados qualitativos, por meio da análise descritiva das falas. Os catadores consideraram o trabalho bom e divertido, mas não percebiam o reconhecimento e valorização do mesmo pela sociedade. Muitos relataram trabalhar com o lixo por não terem tido outra opção de trabalho, sendo a renda importante para proporcionar melhoria nos aspectos de infraestrutura da habitação, bem como melhores condições de vida aos filhos.

Copyright of Ciencia, Cuidado e Saude is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study discusses the impact of the packaging sectoral agreement in the Brazilian recycling chain and packaging design under the principles of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). The study uses document analysis and interviews with multiple stakeholders, including representatives of the public sector, private sector, and recycling cooperatives. Content analysis was used to analyze and interpret the data collected. The findings point to expanding the collection of recyclables, with potential benefits for income generation in cooperatives, but with no impact on the process of effectively developing more sustainable products and packaging. The absence of individual targets provides an alternative for companies to comply with the legislation through very reduced costs. The proposal related to managing packs of different features equally, and the packaging development paradigm that focuses on competitiveness at the expense of recyclability, commits the results promised by the sectoral agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Durante los últimos años, las investigaciones arqueológicas sobre el registro mortuorio del área del archipiélago Magallánico-Fueguino se han incrementado considerablemente. Estos estudios pusieron de manifiesto que las prácticas mortuorias implicaron una gran diversidad de comportamientos relacionados con el tratamiento del cuerpo, el emplazamiento del entierro, el número de individuos incluidos o los artefactos dejados junto al difunto. En este trabajo, nos focalizamos en el análisis de un contexto específico, Shamakush Entierro, localizado en la costa norte del canal Beagle. Este sitio, datado en el 620 ± 60 AP, exhibe el contexto mortuorio más complejo y elaborado debido al trabajo invertido en la preparación del entierro y en el ajuar que acompaña al difunto tales como: puntas de arma lítica, artefactos bifaciales, filos largo retocados y artefactos óseos. Se presentan los procedimientos metodológicos para su abordaje y se discute la importancia de este contexto en el análisis de las sociedades litorales fueguinas.During the last years, the archaeological research of mortuary record on the Magellan- Fuegian Archipiélago has increased. These studies showed that mortuary practices implied a great diversity of behaviors in connection with body treatment, burial placement, number of individuáis or artifacts left by the mourners with the bodies. In this paper we focus on the analysis of a specific context, Shamakush burial, located on the northern coast of the Beagle Channel región. This site, dated on 620 ± 60 BP, exhibit the more elabórate and complex mortuary context due to the labor invested on the arrangement of the body and to the grave goods that accompanied the body: such as lithic points, bifacial artifacts, side-scrapers, and bone artifacts. We present the analytical procedures developed to tackle this problem and we discuss the relevance of this context in the analysis of Fuegian littoral societies.

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados del análisis faunístico de las muestras de guanaco recuperadas en un sector del sitio Chorrillo Malo 2 (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina), que posee fechados comprendidos entre hace ca. 6.300 y 2.500 años AR Aquí centramos la atención en el procesamiento y consumo del guanaco (Lama guanicoe), que es la principal presa consumida en el sitio a lo largo de la secuencia, desarrollando también un estudio de los procesos tafonómicos que afectaron a las muestras, como un paso previo a su interpretación conductual. Los resultados de dichos análisis indican una mayor selectividad de las partes anatómicas y el aprovechamiento de médula en los momentos más tempranos de la secuencia estudiada aquí (entre hace ca. 6.300 y 5.500 años AP).We present results of faunal studies conducted on the samples recovered in an área of Chorrillo Malo 2 site (Santa Cruz province, Argentina), with dates that range between ca. 6300 and 5500 years BP). The main goal of the paper is the analysis of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) human butchering and consumption. A study of the taphonomic processes that affected the samples, which provide the basis for the behavorial interpretations is developed. The results of these analyses show that there was a greater selection of anatomical units in terms of its medullar fat contení in earlier deposits (ca. 6300 and 5500 years BP).

Este trabajo tiene por objetivos: a) generar cartografía general de referencia y cartografía temática a escala 1:50 000 mediante técnicas geomáticas; b) aplicar esta cartografía como línea de base para inferir los procesos de modelado geomorfológico; c) evaluar las implicancias de los mismos sobre la visibilidad, preservación y destrucción de restos arqueológicos dentro de las diferentes unidades de paisaje, y d) desarrollar una herramienta para la planificación del trabajo de campo, un mapa temático que permite detectar sesgos en la intensidad del muestreo realizado sobre las geoformas delineadas.Este sector del Macizo del Deseado ha sido objeto de estudios topográficos y geológicos elaborados por el Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM), el Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino (SEGEMAR), y empresas mineras que han desarrollado cartografía con distintos objetivos. La información cartográfica disponible para nuestro trabajo presenta escalas no más detalladas que 1:100 000. La cartografía aquí generada presenta una escala aproximada 1:50 000 y resulta en un aporte para investigación arqueológica que se está desarrollando en el área, ya que representa información ambiental detallada útil para estudiar la estructura de recursos en el paisaje así como los procesos de formación de sitios arqueológicos. Finalmente, la cartografía temática obtenida es útil para evaluar posibles sesgos en el muestreo dentro de cada geoforma y planificar futuros trabajos de campo con base en los resultados obtenidos

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Sociologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeledonia is the property of Asociacion Ornitologica de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ESTE ARTÍCULO ANALIZA LAS RAZONES POR LAS CUALES LA SEPARACIÓN ENTRE EL DOMINIO público y el privado en una aldea lanoh, de la península de Malasia, cuya población está formada por recolectores que recientemente adoptaron la vida sedentaria, no resultan en las desigualdades de género pronosticadas por el modelo de Rosaldo. La conservación de la autonomía individual entre los lanoh evita que los líderes que compiten por el poder obtengan apoyo de sus parientes masculinos. En consecuencia, su auto-glorificación queda confinada al ámbito de sus hogares. Las desigualdades de género en la aldea sólo se dan en los hogares nucleares de los líderes, como consecuencia del aumento de la producción familiar. Nuestros resultados nos llevan a sostener que las causas de las desigualdades en sociedades de pequeña escala deben ser investigadas tomando en consideración distintos tipos de relaciones, no sólo las que privan entre los hombres y las mujeres.

In the Tunguavita experimental farm of Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia there is a 10 years old variety Rubidoux peach crop with 1500 plants in 4 has which has yield fruit loss that increases every year. Because of this situation the research group CERES conducted a study to estimate the loss of peach during the harvest of 2013 and they could determine its percentages at harvesting, as well as the identification of the principal causes. The study ended with the estimation in market prices of the loss of the fruit harvest. This was the reason to make the tracking from the first day of the harvest until it ended through 6 weeks. A precise methodology with the selection of a sample (150 trees) was established, and a system of fruit harvesting was planned describing the methods, times and movements of harvesters, the fruit harvesting, the manipulations and the handling of the fruit, and the movements of the harvesters in the crops (Montavez, 2003). Each day of harvesting data was taken which was later organized, analyzed and discussed. As a result, it was found that loss of the fruit during harvesting was about 14.1%, which means 13.510 kg while harvested fruit corresponds to 94.480 kg with an average yield of 23.87 tons per ha. The causes that led to the losses were: inadequate manipulation, incidence of plagues and diseases, birds peck, and overripe fruit. All this aspects take to find fruit with physical, mechanical and physiological damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Rubidoux peach crop of 10 years of age, and 1,500 plants in 4 ha is located in the Experimental Tunguavita's farm at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia which has had loss of fruit increasing every year. Because of this situation, the CERES research group developed a study to estimate the loss of peach during the harvest of 2013, when it was possible to determine its pecentages at harvesting and to identify its main causes. The study was completed with the valuation in market prices of the loss of the harvest. To do this, a tracking from the first day of harvesting until it ended through 6 weeks was carried out. A strict methodology with the selection of samples (150 trees) was established, the system of harvesting was planned, describing the methods, times and movements of harvesters, the harvesting of the fruit, manipulation and handling of the fruit, and also the movement of the harvesters in the crop (Montavez, 2003). Data was recorded every harvesting day which were organized analyzed and discussed later. As a result it was found that the loss of peaches during harvesting was about 14.1%, which corresponds to 13,510 kg while harvested fruit corresponds to 94,480 kg with an average yield of 23.87 tons per ha. Inadequate manipulation, incidence of plagues and diseases, birds peck, overripe fruit were the causes of the loss and are the aspects leading to find physical, mechanical and physiological damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the variability of archaeological ceramics from the north coast of Chubut province and discusses the role of this technology within hunter-gatherers groups. Based on the principles of the technological organization model (Nelson 1991) we present the provisioning strategies, manufacture technics, use and disposal of pottery in the area. The materials were submitted to macroscopic, microscopic, X-ray diffraction and medical imaging (X-ray) studies. In addition, analyses of gaseous chromatography and of stable isotopes in food residues were conducted. The results indicate that most of the vessels were made locally, although the import or exchange of raw materials, ideas or pots could have existed. The production was orientated to multifunctional containers that meet a wide variety of domestic needs. Specialized analyzes reveal the use of plants, and less systematically, terrestrial proteins and marine fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia, Cuidado e Saude is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this article is to investigate the objects recovered by trash pickers in the city of Buenos Aires. This work not only involves what they are given by residents, what doormen save for them, and what they manage to pick up, but is also closely tied to the characteristics and types of objects that are collected. In order to understand the significance of this job for the scavengers, this article contextualizes these objects as a part of the social relations which unfold around the activity. The present text does not focus on the types of exchanges but rather on the things that are exchanged and the way these objects are transformed throughout the collection process carried out by the trash pickers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En los llanos, en un sitio fronterizo entre Colombia y Venezuela vivía un grupo indígena Cuiba (de la familia Guahibo o Sikuani) y en la tarde del día veintiséis de diciembre de 1967 unos vaqueros de la región dieron muerte a dieciséis de ellos. El lugar de los hechos se llama La Rubiera y, para darles muerte, los vaqueros llaneros invitaron a los indígenas a comer. Cuando tal hacían, los atacaron con garrotes y cuchillos y cuando huían, les hicieron fuego con escopetas y revólveres. Sus cadáveres, al día siguiente, fueron arrastrados con mulas varios centenares de metros e incinerados y sus restos revueltos con huesos de vacunos y de porcinos.