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Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of combining diosmin with Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository versus diosmin alone for the treatment of hemorrhoid hemorrhage. Method: The Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository study was conducted in 10 medical centers across China from April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Patients with hemorrhoid bleeding were randomized in a ratio of 1 : 1 to either receive Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository and diosmin tablets (the study group) or diosmin tablets alone (the control group). The suppository was used once a day after defecation or at bedtime after rinsing the anus with warm water. Diosmin tablets were administered only once a day (0.9 g). The primary endpoint of the study was the assessment of hemorrhoid bleeding relief 7 ± 2 days after treatment, classified as “very effective” “effective” and “ineffective”. The secondary endpoint included the evaluation of pain alleviation using the visual analogue scale (VAS, with scores ranging from 0 to 10) and edema (with scores ranging from 0 to 3). The safety of the two treatment regimens was evaluated 14 ± 2 days after drug administration. Results: The full analysis set (FAS) comprised 107 participants in the study group and 111 in the control group, while the per-protocol set (PPS) included 106 participants in the study group and 111 in the control group. In terms of hemorrhoid bleeding, the proportion of very effective and effective cases in the study group were significantly higher than that in the control group [106 (99.06 %) vs. 91 (81.98 %), P < 0.0001] in the FAS, and the PPS results [105 (99.06 %) vs. 91 (81.98 %), P < 0.0001] were comparable to the FAS results. The pain VAS scores at day 7 after treatment were comparable between the two groups (0.80 ± 1.17 vs. 0.80 ± 1.20, P = 0.2177). The majority of the participants in both groups had an edema score of 0 at day 7 after treatment [96 (89.72 %) vs. 99 (91.67 %), P = 0.3705]. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 9 patients (8.4 %) in the study group and 3 patients (2.7 %) in the control group. In addition, 5 AEs in the study group and 1 AE in the control group were possibly in association with the study drug. Conclusion: Compared with the administration of diosmin oral tablets alone, the addition of Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository to the tablets demonstrates enhanced efficacy in addressing hemorrhoid bleeding, with satisfactory patient adherence and acceptable safety.

To improve the accuracy of Low altitude unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) target detection and tracking, an improved UAV detection algorithm based on YOLOv7 and DeepSort framework is proposed. The CBAM attention mechanism is introduced into the backbone network of YOLOv7 algorithm to improve feature extraction ability. To improve feature fusion ability at different scales, BiFPN weighted feature pyramid is used to replace PANet, and a small target detection layer is added to improve the detection accuracy of small target UAVs. A "low slow small" human-machine data set is constructed with four types of backgrounds: sky, trees, buildings, and dark conditions. The experimental test is carried out. The results show that the detection part mAP@0.5 of the improved algorithm is improved by 8.6%, and the detection accuracy of small-size and weak-feature targets is improved by about 21%. In the final tracking result, the MOTA index was increased by 24%, and the correct output target box accounted for about 70% of the true target box.

Heat-balance thermal protection is non-ablating thermal protection for leading edge of hypersonic vehicle. Heat will be quickly transferred from high aerodynamic heating area to low aerodynamic heating area, where the energy will be released by radiation. The temperature of high aerodynamic heating area could be reduced to protect the designed structure from being burned down. Heat-balance thermal protection is summarized. The research on heat-pipe for heat-balance thermal protection is introduced.

As an ecological strategy for species coexistence, some species adapt to a wide range of habitats, while others specialize in particular environments. Such 'generalists' and 'specialists' achieve normal ecological balance through a complex network of interactions between species. However, the role of these interactions in maintaining the coexistence of generalist and specialist species has not been elucidated within a general theoretical framework. Here, we analyze the ecological mechanism for the coexistence of specialist and generalist species in a class of mutualistic and competitive interaction ecosystems based on the network dimension reduction method. We find that ecological specialists and generalists can be identified based on the number of their respective interactions. We also find, using real‐world empirical network simulations, that the removal of ecological generalists can lead to the collapse of local ecosystems, which is rarely observed with the loss of ecological specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural nestedness has important effects on the ecosystem's robustness, stability, and species diversity, but quantitative analysis tools are still lacking at present. According to the competitive and mutually beneficial interactions among ecosystems species, we designed a quantitative analysis tool of nestedness on ecosystems metrics by mapping the ecosystems into symbolic networks and calculating the network's competitive nestedness and mutualistic nestedness with an overlap metric, respectively. The results of the real system and network models show that in the competitive and mutualistic coupling network, the competitive nestedness reduces the biodiversity and robustness of the network, but the mutualistic nestedness has the opposite effect. Moreover, the larger the competitive nestedness in the pure structural case, the more unstable the ecological network tends to be. However, once the dynamical governing mechanism is considered, the competitive nestedness would make the system more stable. Our work enables us to understand more specifically the effects of the network structure on ecosystems and helps reveal the mechanism that how nestedness can be changed to increase network stability, species diversity, and robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigation of joint torque constraint compliance is of significance for robot manipulators especially working in complex environments. A lot of which is attributed to that, on the one hand, it is beneficial to the improvement of both safety and reliability of the mission execution. On the other hand, the energy consumption required by the robot to complete the desired mission can be reduced. Most existing schemes do not take the joint torque limit and other inherent physical structure limits in a manipulator into account at the same time. In addition, many unavoidable uncertainties such as the external environmental disturbance and/or electromagnetism interferences in the circuit system may influence the accuracy and effectiveness of the task execution for a robot. In this study, we cast light on the acceleration level control of redundant robot manipulators considering both four physical constraint limits and interference rejection. A robust unified quadratic-programming-based hybrid control scheme is proposed, where the joint torque constraints are converted as two inequality constraints based on the robots' dynamics equation. A recurrent-neural-network-based controller is designed for solving the control variable. Numerical experiments performing in PUMA 560 manipulator and planer manipulator illustrate that a rational torque distribution is obtained among the joints and the considered physical structural vectors are all restricted to the respective constraint range. In addition, even disturbed by the noise, the manipulator still successfully tracks the desired trajectory under the proposed control scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many disaster events occurring frequently on the network are usually triggered by some trivial events, which are often difficult to be accurately predicted. One of the main reasons lies in that the behavior and structure of the network are highly coupled together, which is difficult to be analyzed and separated mathematically. With a universal dynamical overload model capturing the interaction between pairs of nodes in networks, various dynamical systems ranging from epidemic process, to birth–death process, biochemical and regulatory dynamics, are mapped into a one-dimension state space, which can help separate the role of the structure and the dynamic mechanism on the system robustness against cascading failure. Moreover, it can help predict the individual behavior in the cascading process. The theoretical solutions match well with the simulation results on Scale-Free and Erdös–Rényi networks for the four dynamical models, showing that even for networks with the same structure, different dynamic mechanisms have different effects on the robustness. Our research can provide ideas for designing more robust networked systems. • Propose a dimensionality reduction method for high-dimensional networks. • Prove the jumping phenomenal of failure propagation with the increase of distance. • Separate the role of the structure and the dynamic mechanism on the system robustness. • Predict the cascading failure size caused by one node or a fraction of nodes for four dynamical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]