Search

Patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) are at an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly among older individuals. Developing a reliable model to predict AMI occurrence in these patients holds the potential to expedite early diagnosis and intervention. This study is aimed at establishing a circulating amino acid‐assisted model, incorporating amino acid profiles alongside clinical variables, to predict AMI risk. A cohort of 874 CAD patients from two independent centers was analyzed. Plasma amino acid levels were quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) employing a targeted metabolomics approach. This methodology incorporated 13C isotope‐labeled internal standards for precise quantification of 27 amino acids. Univariate logistic regression was applied to identify differentially expressed amino acids that distinguished between stable CAD and AMI patients. To assess prediction performance, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and nomogram analyses were utilized. Five amino acids—lysine, methionine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and N6‐trimethyllysine—emerged as potential biomarkers (p < 0.05), exhibiting significant differences in their expression levels across the two centers when comparing stable CAD with AMI patients. For AMI risk prediction, the base model, utilizing 12 clinical variables, achieved areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.7387 in the discovery phase (n = 623) and 0.8205 in the external validation set (n = 251). Notably, the integration of these five amino acids into the prediction model significantly enhanced its performance, increasing the AUC to 0.7651 in the discovery phase (Delong's test, p = 1.43e‐02) and to 0.8958 in the validation set (Delong's test, p = 8.91e‐03). In conclusion, the circulating amino acid‐assisted model effectively enhances the prediction of AMI risk among CAD patients, indicating its potential clinical utility in facilitating early detection and intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have reported a facile one-pot strategy to synthesize fluorescent Cu nanclusters (Cu NCs) by using ʟ-histidine as stabilizer, and ascorbic acid as reducing agent. Cu NCs are stable, water-dispersible, and emit bright cyan emission with a quantum yield 26.08%. The Cu NCs can be employed as colorimetric and fluorimetric dual-mode detector, exhibiting excellent selectivity and sensitivity for detecting 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) specifically. Notably, Cu NCs were a sensitive sensor, which had speciality to detect DNP in range of linearity from 0.01 to 0.15 mM with a discernable limit as low as 3.96 μ M. The mechanism of efficiently selective detection of DNP by Cu NCs was analyzed by UV absorption, fluorescence decay spectrum, and the performance of ‘turn off’ towards DNP was determined as the inner filter effect and static quenching effect. Further, the environmental tolerance of the Cu NCs probe was estimated by using the different natural water samples, demonstrating its great promise in the field of DNP monitoring and water sample analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, natural celery leaves and glutathione were used as the precursors to prepare carbon dots (CDs) as novel fluorescent paper sensors, which exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of explosive nitrophenols (including 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 3-nitrophenol (3-NP) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP)). The prepared CDs featured blue fluorescence emission under irradiation using an UV lamp, and the fluorescence quantum yield was as high as 53%. As fluorescent probes, the CDs showed a particular response to 2-NP, 3-NP and 4-NP, and the detection limits of 2-NP, 3-NP and 4-NP were determined to be 39 nM, 43 nM and 26 nM, respectively. Due to the multiple advantages including good water solubility, low toxicity and excellent stability, CDs are expected to be widely used. Meanwhile, a CD-based test paper was exploited and it displayed a distinctive quenching response when exposed to 3-NP and 4-NP, with the visual detection limits of 0.5 μM and 0.1 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the low toxicity and biocompatibility of CDs were also demonstrated by evaluating cell culture experiments, and CDs showed good potential applications in imaging. In summary, the prepared CDs are promising for fluorescent paper sensors and bioimaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work describes dually-emissive silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) in aqueous dispersion with two emissions. The Si NPs respond to different solvents independently with various wavelength fluorescence emissions (red to green). The fluorescence emission wavelengths and emissive color of Si NPs can be regulated by adjustment of the solvents. Based on the effect of the solvent, a series different emission color Si NPs is obtained (Si NPs A, B, C and D), which exhibit different fluorescence emission in various solvents. Notably, the Si NP-A (dispersed in water) exhibited excellent analytical performance in sensing Cu2+ ions with amazing fluorescent response from green to brilliant blue light. The much more enhancement at 436 nm than at 500 nm was due to the changing surface chemistry of Si NPs by Cu2+, which was dependent to the concentration of Cu2+ tightly. The excellent sensitivity of Si NP-A towards Cu2+ has been testified with the detection limit as low as 0.91 μM by good linear relationship between ratio of fluorescence intensity (I436/I500) and concentration of Cu2+ (2–30 μM). The Si NP-A can be exploited as a dual-fluorescence visualization agent for latent fingerprints imaging due to the feature of dual emission. The images exhibited green emission under excited at 254 nm, and emerged green light under 365 nm, which allowed the Si NP-A applying in development of latent finger prints at complex background. These acquired fingerprints revealed the particular second-level characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The highly luminescent blue fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared via the one-step hydrothermal method using l-ascorbic acid (LAA) as a carbon source. The obtained carbon quantum dots (LAA-CQDs) demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for detecting Cu2+ and Hg2+ based on the efficient fluorescence quenching effect, with the lowest limits of 7.59 nM and 2.29 nM, respectively. Moreover, LAA-CQDs based paper sensors were fabricated, which showed a clear fluorescence response after being exposed to Cu2+ and Hg2+, with visual detection limits of 5 μM and 3 μM, respectively. The cyclic utilization of the paper sensors was realized by restoring their fluorescence after soaking them in saturated ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid solution. The sensors can be recycled to detect Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions for at least four turns, which was conducive to environmental protection and saving resources. The LAA-CQDs with good environmental applicability have been successfully applied for the detection of Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions in real environmental water samples. In addition, we verified the low toxicity and good biocompatibility of LAA-CQDs via cytotoxicity experiments and cell imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The highly luminescent blue fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared via the one-step hydrothermal method using l-ascorbic acid (LAA) as a carbon source. The obtained carbon quantum dots (LAA-CQDs) demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for detecting Cu2+ and Hg2+ based on the efficient fluorescence quenching effect, with the lowest limits of 7.59 nM and 2.29 nM, respectively. Moreover, LAA-CQDs based paper sensors were fabricated, which showed a clear fluorescence response after being exposed to Cu2+ and Hg2+, with visual detection limits of 5 μM and 3 μM, respectively. The cyclic utilization of the paper sensors was realized by restoring their fluorescence after soaking them in saturated ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid solution. The sensors can be recycled to detect Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions for at least four turns, which was conducive to environmental protection and saving resources. The LAA-CQDs with good environmental applicability have been successfully applied for the detection of Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions in real environmental water samples. In addition, we verified the low toxicity and good biocompatibility of LAA-CQDs via cytotoxicity experiments and cell imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Fe 3 O 4 /CDs exhibited excellent performance on detection and removal of Hg2+. • Reach a LOD of 0.3 nM for Hg2+ detection. • The detection and removal can be fulfilled within 2 min. • The Fe 3 O 4 /CDs can recover the Hg2+ from real water samples. The dual functional detection and removal of heavy ion metals by carbon dots has become an urgent matter of concern. Here, a unique fluorescent carbon dot-magnetic nanocomposite (Fe 3 O 4 /CDs) was prepared by hydrothermal methods for sensitive detection of Hg2+. The Fe 3 O 4 /CDs serve as fluorescent probes with higher selectivity and sensitivity for Hg2+, with the lowest detectable limit of 0.3 nM. Hg2+ statically quenched the blue emission of Fe 3 O 4 /CDs, which can be restored in the presence of saturated EDTA solution. The utilization of Fe 3 O 4 /CDs was fulfilled by recovering their emission conveniently. The recovery of Hg2+ in Chagan Lake water, tap water and drinks was calculated at 96.5 ~ 108.8%, which demonstrates the feasibility of the Fe 3 O 4 /CDs sensing system in natural samples. Notably, the Fe 3 O 4 /CDs can drive the effective removal of Hg2+ from samples, which is of outstanding significance as a promising probe in environmental monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolomics is a rapidly expanding field in systems biology used to measure alterations of metabolites and identify metabolic biomarkers in response to disease processes. The discovery of metabolic biomarkers can improve early diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and therapeutic intervention for cancers. However, there are currently no databases that provide a comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between metabolites and cancer processes. In this review, we summarize reported metabolites in body fluids across pan-cancers and characterize their clinical applications in liquid biopsy. We conducted a search for metabolic biomarkers using the keywords ("metabolomics" OR "metabolite") AND "cancer" in PubMed. Of the 22,254 articles retrieved, 792 were deemed potentially relevant for further review. Ultimately, we included data from 573,300 samples and 17,083 metabolic biomarkers. We collected information on cancer types, sample size, the human metabolome database (HMDB) ID, metabolic pathway, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of metabolites, sample source, detection method, and clinical features were collected. Finally, we developed a user-friendly online database, the Human Cancer Metabolic Markers Database (HCMMD), which allows users to query, browse, and download metabolite information. In conclusion, HCMMD provides an important resource to assist researchers in reviewing metabolic biomarkers for diagnosis and progression of cancers.

Herein, we have reported a facile one-pot strategy to synthesize fluorescent Cu nanclusters (Cu NCs) by using ʟ-histidine as stabilizer, and ascorbic acid as reducing agent. Cu NCs are stable, water-dispersible, and emit bright cyan emission with a quantum yield 26.08%. The Cu NCs can be employed as colorimetric and fluorimetric dual-mode detector, exhibiting excellent selectivity and sensitivity for detecting 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) specifically. Notably, Cu NCs were a sensitive sensor, which had speciality to detect DNP in range of linearity from 0.01 to 0.15 mM with a discernable limit as low as 3.96 μ M. The mechanism of efficiently selective detection of DNP by Cu NCs was analyzed by UV absorption, fluorescence decay spectrum, and the performance of 'turn off' towards DNP was determined as the inner filter effect and static quenching effect. Further, the environmental tolerance of the Cu NCs probe was estimated by using the different natural water samples, demonstrating its great promise in the field of DNP monitoring and water sample analysis., (© 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.)