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The purpose of this work is to assess the performance of an AT-cut quartz device as a two-port resonant transformer for near-zero power-consuming wake-up receiver applications. The device consists of two, coupled thickness-shear mode trapped-energy ~50 MHz resonators on a single quartz substrate. Passive voltage gain up to 84 V/V (referenced to $50\Omega $) is observed when the device is driven by a low-power signal (≤ −30 dBm) at resonance. This transformer offers high voltage gain suitable for use in the front-end of a near-zero-power wake-up receiver. Additionally, this work shows that connecting two coupled-resonator quartz devices in a parallel-input, series-output (PISOT) configuration provides improvements in voltage gain. A 17% increase in gain is demonstrated for PISOT over that of a single coupled resonant transformer for various load impedances. This work is the first use of quartz piezoelectric transformers (PTs) for passive voltage gain, and the highest open-circuit gain demonstrated in a two-port micromechanical PT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design, fabrication and performance of a reflection-type tunable phase shifter based on a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin-film process is presented. The phase shifter consists of a coplanar waveguide Lange coupler on high resistivity silicon (HRSi) and two ferroelectric PZT varactors. At 12 GHz, the varactors achieve a capacitance tuning range of 5.5 to 1 along with a phase shift of 86° with bias voltages in the range 0–26 V. Analysis of the losses due to the varactors and the rest of the phase shifter is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]