28 results on '"Parente MA"'
Search Results
2. Editorial
- Author
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Parente Maria Alice de Mattos Pimenta
- Subjects
Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2001
3. Lexical-retrieval and semantic memory in Parkinson's disease: The question of noun and verb dissociation.
- Author
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Salmazo-Silva H, Parente MA, Rocha MS, Baradel RR, Cravo AM, Sato JR, Godinho F, and Carthery-Goulart MT
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- Aged, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Parkinson Disease psychology, Language, Memory, Parkinson Disease physiopathology
- Abstract
The dissociation between the processing of verbs and nouns has been debated in light of the Embodied Cognition Theory (EC). The objective of this paper is to verify how action and verb processing deficits of PD patients are modulated by different tasks with different cognitive demands. Action and object lexical-semantic processing was evaluated in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) and cognitively healthy controls through three different tasks (verbal fluency, naming and semantic association). Compared to controls, PD patients presented worse performance in naming actions and in the two semantic association tasks (action/object). Action verbal fluency performance was significantly associated with PD severity whereas object semantic association deficits and noun verbal fluency scores were associated to lower scores in measures of global cognitive functioning. Our data suggest that semantic deficits are related to the type of cognitive processing and this is in the line with more flexible EC accounts., (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2017
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4. Montreal-Toulouse Language Assessment Battery: evidence of criterion validity from patients with aphasia.
- Author
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Pagliarin KC, Ortiz KZ, Barreto Sdos S, Pimenta Parente MA, Nespoulous JL, Joanette Y, and Fonseca RP
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- Adult, Aged, Brazil epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Stroke diagnosis, Stroke epidemiology, Aphasia diagnosis, Aphasia epidemiology, Language, Language Tests standards
- Abstract
Background: The Montreal-Toulouse Language Assessment Battery - Brazilian version (MTL-BR) provides a general description of language processing and related components in adults with brain injury., Objective: The present study aimed at verifying the criterion-related validity of the Montreal-Toulouse Language Assessment Battery - Brazilian version (MTL-BR) by assessing its ability to discriminate between individuals with unilateral brain damage with and without aphasia., Methods: The investigation was carried out in a Brazilian community-based sample of 104 adults, divided into four groups: 26 participants with left hemisphere damage (LHD) with aphasia, 25 participants with right hemisphere damage (RHD), 28 with LHD non-aphasic, and 25 healthy adults., Results: There were significant differences between patients with aphasia and the other groups on most total and subtotal scores on MTL-BR tasks., Conclusions: The results showed strong criterion-related validity evidence for the MTL-BR Battery, and provided important information regarding hemispheric specialization and interhemispheric cooperation. Future research is required to search for additional evidence of sensitivity, specificity and validity of the MTL-BR in samples with different types of aphasia and degrees of language impairment., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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5. Relationship between the Brazilian version of the Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery and education, age and reading and writing characteristics. A cross-sectional study.
- Author
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Pagliarin KC, Gindri G, Ortiz KZ, Parente MA, Joanette Y, Nespoulous JL, and Fonseca RP
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- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Brazil, Cognition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Educational Status, Female, Habits, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Young Adult, Language, Neuropsychological Tests standards, Reading, Writing
- Abstract
Context and Objective: There is growing concern about understanding how sociodemographic variables may interfere with cognitive functioning, especially with regard to language. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between performance in the Brazilian version of the Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery (MTL-BR) and education, age and frequency of reading and writing habits (FRWH)., Design and Setting: Cross-sectional study conducted in university and work environments in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Method: The MTL-BR was administered to a group of 233 healthy adults, aged 19 to 75 years (mean = 45.04, standard deviation, SD = 15.47), with at least five years of formal education (mean = 11.47, SD = 4.77)., Results: A stepwise multiple linear regression model showed that, for most tasks, the number of years of education, age and FRWH were better predictors of performance when analyzed together rather than separately. In separate analysis, education was the best predictor of performance in language tasks, especially those involving reading and writing abilities., Conclusion: The results suggested that the number of years of education, age and FRWH seem to influence performance in the MTL-BR, especially education. These data are important for making diagnoses of greater precision among patients suffering from brain injuries, with the aim of avoiding false positives.
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- 2015
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6. Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery for aphasia: validity and reliability evidence.
- Author
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Pagliarin KC, Ortiz KZ, Parente MA, Arteche A, Joanette Y, Nespoulous JL, and Fonseca RP
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- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Language, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Aphasia diagnosis, Neuropsychological Tests standards
- Abstract
Background: In Brazil, no standardized instruments are available to assess language in patients with aphasia., Objective: The aim of the current study was to search for reliability and validity evidence for the Montreal-Toulouse Language Assessment Battery (MTL-BR)., Methods: The sample was composed of 537 adults, of whom 463 were healthy individuals and 74 had neurological lesions (25 participants had right hemisphere brain damage, 21 had left hemisphere damage (LHD) with aphasia and 28 had LHD without aphasia). Reliability was assessed by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest analyses. Test-retest reliability was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and a repeated measures analysis of variance, with years of education as a covariate. Construct validity was verified by correlations between scores in MTL-BR subtest and similar tasks from other language assessment instruments., Results: Internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha between 0.79 and 0.90), as were correlations between test and retest scores (mean 0.52), and between the MTL-BR and scores in similar instruments., Conclusions: The present results suggested that the MTL-BR battery had adequate reliability and validity as a method for diagnosing and monitoring aphasia.
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- 2014
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7. Analysis of figure recognition on the modified MT Beta-86 test for adaptation: description and discussion of methodological aspects.
- Author
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Ishigaki EC, Lobrigate NL, Fonseca RP, Parente MA, and Ortiz KZ
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Recognition, Psychology, Young Adult, Aphasia diagnosis, Form Perception, Pattern Recognition, Visual
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the recognition of figures from the modified MT Beta-86 test for subsequent refinement and adaptation of this language assessment instrument., Methods: This study was organized into two parts. The first part of the study involved 61 subjects with educational level higher than nine years. Naming of 266 visual stimuli was elicited and concordance among participants on figure naming was also determined. Concordance of responses was assessed using Cochrane's test at a 5% level of significance. Some visual stimuli were subsequently re-designed and images were replaced. The second part of this study involved the re-testing of the new images among 110 individuals ranging in age from 18 to 75 years of both genders, stratified into four educational bands (A: 1-4 years; B: 5-8 years; C: 9-11 years; and D: more than 12 years). Stimuli with concordance level of 70% or higher were considered adequate., Results: In part A of the study, from the index of agreement of naming, the figures considered suitable for inclusion in the adapted version were selected. In part B, all the figures had a response concordance level over 70%., Conclusion: Figures in the Modified MT Beta-86 test suitable for retention in the new version of the instrument were identified. Analysis of low sample recognition was used to identify boards for replacement, and those for retention, in the new version of the test.
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- 2013
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8. Comparison of neuropsychological performance between students from public and private Brazilian schools.
- Author
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Casarin FS, Wong CE, Parente MA, de Salles JF, and Fonseca RP
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- Adolescent, Brazil, Female, Humans, Male, Nutrition Policy, Psychometrics instrumentation, Adolescent Development physiology, Cognition physiology, Neuropsychological Tests standards, Schools economics, Students psychology
- Abstract
Neuropsychological assessment reveals that certain cognitive changes that take place during the neural development process may be associated with biopsychosocial issues. A substantial body of research has focused on cognitive development in children and adults, but few such studies have been carried out on adolescents. Therefore, research into the processing of neuropsychological functions in adolescents, taking into account the role of major socio-cultural factors such as school type (public vs. private), is highly relevant. The present study sought to assess whether differences in neuropsychological development exist between adolescent students of public (government-funded) and private schools. A total of 373 grade-matched students between the ages of 12 and 18, 190 from public schools and 183 from private schools, took part in the study. All subjects had no self-reported neurologic or psychiatric conditions and sensory disorders. The NEUPSILIN Brazilian Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Battery was administered to this sample. Comparison of mean scores (one-way ANCOVA with socioeconomic score and age as covariates) showed that adolescents attending private schools generally outperformed their public-school peers in tasks involving sustained attention, memory (working and visual), dictated writing, and constructional and reflective abilities. We conclude that school type should be taken into account during standardization of neuropsychological assessment instruments for adolescent and, probably, child populations.
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- 2012
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9. Lexical-semantic processing in the semantic priming paradigm in aphasic patients.
- Author
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Salles JF, Holderbaum CS, Parente MA, Mansur LL, and Ansaldo AI
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- Anomia physiopathology, Aphasia, Broca physiopathology, Aphasia, Wernicke physiopathology, Comprehension physiology, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Memory physiology, Reaction Time, Aphasia physiopathology, Cognition physiology, Evoked Potentials physiology, Pattern Recognition, Visual physiology, Semantics
- Abstract
There is evidence that the explicit lexical-semantic processing deficits which characterize aphasia may be observed in the absence of implicit semantic impairment. The aim of this article was to critically review the international literature on lexical-semantic processing in aphasia, as tested through the semantic priming paradigm. Specifically, this review focused on aphasia and lexical-semantic processing, the methodological strengths and weaknesses of the semantic paradigms used, and recent evidence from neuroimaging studies on lexical-semantic processing. Furthermore, evidence on dissociations between implicit and explicit lexical-semantic processing reported in the literature will be discussed and interpreted by referring to functional neuroimaging evidence from healthy populations. There is evidence that semantic priming effects can be found both in fluent and in non-fluent aphasias, and that these effects are related to an extensive network which includes the temporal lobe, the pre-frontal cortex, the left frontal gyrus, the left temporal gyrus and the cingulated cortex.
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- 2012
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10. Acquired dyslexia in three writing systems: study of a Portuguese-Japanese bilingual aphasic patient.
- Author
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Senaha ML and de Mattos Pimenta Parente MA
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- Brain physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Writing, Aphasia physiopathology, Dyslexia, Acquired physiopathology, Multilingualism, Psycholinguistics, Reading
- Abstract
The Japanese language is represented by two different codes: syllabic and logographic while Portuguese employs an alphabetic writing system. Studies on bilingual Portuguese-Japanese individuals with acquired dyslexia therefore allow an investigation of the interaction between reading strategies and characteristics of three different writing codes. The aim of this study was to examine the differential impact of an acquired brain lesion on the reading of the logographic, syllabic and alphabetic writing systems of a bilingual Portuguese-Japanese aphasic patient (PF). Results showed impaired reading in the logographic system and when reading irregularly spelled Portuguese words but no effects on reading regular words and nonwords in syllabic and alphabetic writing systems. These dissociations are interpreted according to a multi-route cognitive model of reading assuming selective damage in the lexical route can result in acquired dyslexia across at least three different writing codes.
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- 2012
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11. Cognitive estimation abilities in healthy and clinical populations: the use of the Cognitive Estimation Test.
- Author
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Wagner GP, MacPherson SE, Parente MA, and Trentini CM
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- Humans, Cognition Disorders diagnosis, Neuropsychological Tests
- Abstract
Estimation abilities are a group of processes that involve functions such as planning, attention, abstract reasoning, and also mnemonic processes, like semantic and working memory. They are allocated in order to solve problems for which the answers are not readily available. Estimation abilities can be measured using the Cognitive Estimation Test (CET). The aim of this article was to review the use of the CET and other tests of cognitive estimation in healthy and pathological populations. We discussed studies examining correlations between the CET and other measures of executive functions and the importance of the standardization of measures that assess estimation abilities.
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- 2011
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12. Short-term preservation of canine preantral follicles: Effects of temperature, medium and time.
- Author
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Lopes CA, dos Santos RR, Celestino JJ, Melo MA, Chaves RN, Campello CC, Silva JR, Báo SN, Jewgenow K, and de Figueiredo JR
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- Animals, Cell Survival, Dogs, Endoplasmic Reticulum ultrastructure, Female, Fertilization in Vitro methods, Fertilization in Vitro veterinary, Granulosa Cells ultrastructure, Mitochondria ultrastructure, Nuclear Envelope ultrastructure, Organ Preservation methods, Organ Preservation veterinary, Ovarian Follicle ultrastructure, Ovariectomy veterinary, Oocytes physiology, Ovarian Follicle cytology, Ovarian Follicle physiology
- Abstract
The use of the large pool of preantral follicles is a promising alternative to provide high numbers of fertilizable oocytes to reproductive biotechnology. This issue is particularly important to canids, since current rates of success of in vitro techniques using oocytes are very limited, and many species within this family are threatened by extinction. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of temperature, medium and time on morphology and viability of canine preantral follicles during short-term preservation. Canine ovaries were cut into fragments which were incubated in 0.9% NaCl solution or in minimum essential medium (MEM) at 4, 20 or 38 degrees C for 2, 6, 12 or 24 h. Afterwards, preantral follicles were analyzed by histology, transmission electron microscopy and viability testing using trypan blue, calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1. Percentages of morphological normal and viable follicles were maintained similar to control (time 0 h) after incubation in 0.9% NaCl at 4 or 20 degrees C for up to 6h and at 38 degrees C for 2 h. Using MEM, such preservation was possible for 12h at 4 or 20 degrees C, and for 6h at 38 degrees C. These results indicate that preservation of canine preantral follicles might be better accomplished through hypothermic (4 or 20 degrees C) storage in MEM, which ensures maintenance of morphology and viability for up to 12h.
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- 2009
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13. Reduced incidence of aspiration with spoon-thick consistency in stroke patients.
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Diniz PB, Vanin G, Xavier R, and Parente MA
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brazil epidemiology, Comorbidity, Cross-Over Studies, Deglutition Disorders diagnosis, Deglutition Disorders epidemiology, Female, Geriatric Assessment methods, Humans, Incidence, Laryngoscopy, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Respiratory Aspiration epidemiology, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Speech Therapy methods, Stroke epidemiology, Viscosity, Young Adult, Deglutition Disorders etiology, Diet methods, Food, Respiratory Aspiration etiology, Stroke complications
- Abstract
Background: Dysphagia and aspiration occur frequently in stroke patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate 2 consistencies (liquid and spoon-thick/pudding-like) regarding the risk of aspiration and to determine the usefulness of a bedside speech therapy assessment to predict risk of aspiration., Methods: This randomized, crossover clinical trial was carried out April to August 2001 at a university hospital. Sixty-one inpatients diagnosed with acute phase or prior stroke received liquid and spoon-thick (pudding-like) feeds during nasoendoscopy and bedside clinical assessment., Results: Aspiration occurred in only 3 patients with the spoon-thick consistency vs 21 with the liquid consistency (relative risk=0.13; 95% confidence interval=0.04-0.39; P<.001). The bedside assessment had a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 70.8% to detect risk of aspiration., Conclusions: The use of a spoon-thick consistency reduced the risk of aspiration compared with the liquid consistency. Clinical assessment was useful to predict aspiration, although the probability of dysphagia in the presence of a negative clinical assessment (29%) is a reason for concern.
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- 2009
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14. Preservation of bovine preantral follicle viability and ultra-structure after cooling and freezing of ovarian tissue.
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Celestino JJ, dos Santos RR, Lopes CA, Martins FS, Matos MH, Melo MA, Báo SN, Rodrigues AP, Silva JR, and de Figueiredo JR
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- Animals, Chi-Square Distribution, Cryopreservation methods, Dimethyl Sulfoxide pharmacology, Ethylene Glycol pharmacology, Female, Glycerol pharmacology, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission veterinary, Ovarian Follicle ultrastructure, Propylene Glycols pharmacology, Trypan Blue chemistry, Cattle physiology, Cryopreservation veterinary, Cryoprotective Agents pharmacology, Ovarian Follicle physiology
- Abstract
Bovine preantral follicles within ovarian fragments were exposed and cryopreserved in absence or presence of 1.5M glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG), propanediol (PROH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), undergoing a previous cooling at 20 degrees C for 1h (protocol 1) or at 4 degrees C for 24h (protocol 2) in 0.9% saline solution. At the end of each treatment, preantral follicles were classified as non-viable/viable when they were stained/not stained with trypan blue, respectively. To confirm viability staining, ultra-structure of the follicles was evaluated by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). Data were compared by Chi-square test (P<0.05). The storage of the ovaries at 20 degrees C for 1h (78%) and 4 degrees C for 24h (80%) did not reduce significantly the percentage of viable preantral follicles when compared to the control (75%). Similar results were obtained when ovarian fragments, respectively, for protocols 1 and 2, were exposed to MEM (78 and 77%), 1.5M EG (78 and 71%), as well as frozen in 1.5M EG (74 and 77%). Percentages of viable follicles in control were similar to those observed after exposure (75%) and freezing (76%) in presence of 1.5M DMSO only when protocol 1 was used. The increase of the concentration from 1.5 to 3.0M, for all cryoprotectants, reduced significantly the percentage of viable preantral follicles after freezing. Ultra-structural analysis has confirmed trypan blue results, showing that not only basement membrane, but also organelles, were intact in viable preantral follicles. In conclusion, ovarian tissue cooling at 4 degrees C for 24h before cryopreservation (protocol 2) does not affect the viability of bovine preantral follicles when 1.5M EG is present in the cryopreservation medium.
- Published
- 2008
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15. Brazilian version of the Protocole Montréal d'Evaluation de la Communication (Protocole MEC): normative and reliability data.
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Fonseca RP, Joanette Y, Côté H, Ska B, Giroux F, Fachel JM, Damasceno Ferreira G, and Parente MA
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- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Brazil, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Reproducibility of Results, Translating, Young Adult, Communication Disorders diagnosis, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Neuropsychological Tests statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The lack of standardized instruments to evaluate communication disorders related to the right hemisphere was verified. A new evaluation tool was developed: Protocole Montréal d'Evaluation de la Communication--Protocole MEC, adapted to Brazilian Portuguese--Bateria Montreal de Avaliação da Comunicação--Bateria MAC (Montreal Evaluation of Communication Battery). The purpose was to present stratified normative data by age and educational level, and to verify the reliability parameters of the MEC Battery. 300 individuals, between the ages of 19 and 75 years, and levels of formal education between 2 and 35 years, participated in this study. They were divided equally into six normative groups, according to three age categories (young adults, intermediary age, and seniors) and two educational levels (low and high). Two procedures were used to check reliability: Cronbach alpha and reliability between evaluators, Results were established at the 10th percentile, and an alert point per task for each normative group. Cronbach's alpha was, in general, between .70 and .90 and the average rate of agreement between evaluators varied from .62 to .94. Standards of age and education were established. The reliability of this instrument was verified. The psychometric legitimization of the MEC Battery will contribute to the diagnostic process for communicative disorders.
- Published
- 2008
16. Introducing a communication assessment tool to Brazilian speech therapists: the MAC Battery.
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Fonseca RP, Parente MA, Côté H, Ska B, and Joanette Y
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- Brain Injuries physiopathology, Brazil, Frontal Lobe physiopathology, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Speech Therapy methods, Brain Injuries complications, Communication Disorders diagnosis, Neuropsychological Tests, Speech Discrimination Tests standards
- Abstract
Background: an assessment instrument to evaluate communication impairment after right brain damage: the Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery, an adapted brazilian version of the original canadian instrument--Protocole Montréal d'Evaluation de la Communication. Instruments that evaluate discursive, pragmatic, lexical-semantic and prosodic impairments are important for the diagnosis of communication disorders which are present in approximately 50% of the individuals with right brain damage. Systematic studies of the communication profile after lesions on this side of the brain have been carried out only during the last two decades., Aim: to present the Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery to brazilian speech therapists., Conclusion: the described instrument is an useful tool in the clinic for assessing four processes related to the communicative and linguistic abilities: discursive, pragmatic-inferential, lexical-semantic and prosodic components. It is has been normalized, validated and its reliability has been confirmed. Although this instrument was developed and adapted for diagnosing communication disorders in individuals with right brain damage people, it can also be helpful in investigating communication sequels in traumatic brain injury, dementia, bilateral frontal lesions, left-brain damage, psychopathologies, such as schizophrenia, among others.
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- 2008
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17. Assessment of swallowing sounds by digital cervical auscultation in children.
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Almeida ST, Ferlin EL, Parente MA, and Goldani HA
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- Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Deglutition Disorders diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Neck, Sex Factors, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Time Factors, Yogurt, Auscultation instrumentation, Auscultation methods, Deglutition physiology, Sound
- Abstract
Objectives: There is a lack of studies regarding swallowing sounds in children 3 to 11 years of age. This study aimed to assess swallowing sounds by digital cervical auscultation in children of this age group without symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia., Methods: Digital cervical auscultation was performed in 118 subjects by use of a piezoelectric microphone. The children swallowed 5 mL of liquid and yogurt. The components of perceptual acoustic analysis were discrete initial signal (DIS), main signal of swallowing sound (MS), discrete final signal (DFS), and expiratory return (ER). Duration in seconds was the objective parameter of the swallowing sound signal analyzed., Results: Fifty-six boys and 62 girls were evaluated at a mean (+/- SD) age of 6.9 +/- 2.03 years. A complete DIS-MS-DFS-ER swallowing sequence was found in 60% of the children. There was no significant difference in swallowing sound duration between both food consistencies (p = .189) or between genders either for liquid (p = .327) or yogurt (p = .792). There was no correlation between age and duration of the swallowing sound for liquid or yogurt., Conclusions: We concluded that digital cervical auscultation was able to provide objective information about the swallowing process that could contribute to methodological standardization in children.
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- 2008
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18. Spelling tasks and Alzheimer's disease staging.
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Carthery MT, de Mattos Pimenta Parente MA, Nitrini R, Bahia VS, and Caramelli P
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- Aged, Alzheimer Disease psychology, Brazil, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Reading, Writing, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Mental Recall
- Abstract
Reading, writing and oral spelling were evaluated in 30 normal elderly individuals and 28 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Significant differences between control and AD groups were found in all tasks. Oral spelling was the most impaired function in AD and the only one which differentiated mild and moderate dementia cases. This task is very sensitive to the disease's effects on working memory and may be included in batteries aimed at staging AD.
- Published
- 2005
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19. The acute effect of methylphenidate in Brazilian male children and adolescents with ADHD: a randomized clinical trial.
- Author
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Szobot CM, Ketzer C, Parente MA, Biederman J, and Rohde LA
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- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity diagnosis, Brazil, Central Nervous System Stimulants therapeutic use, Child, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate therapeutic use, Psychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity drug therapy, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ethnology, Central Nervous System Stimulants administration & dosage, Methylphenidate administration & dosage
- Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the acute efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) in Brazilian male children and adolescents with ADHD., Method: In a 4-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, fix dose escalating, parallel-group trial, 36 ADHD children and adolescents were allocated to two groups: MPH (n = 19) and placebo (n = 17). Participants were evaluated pre- and posttreatment using the 10-item Conners Abbreviated Rating Scale (ABRS), the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), and a simplified version of the Continuous Performance Test (CPT)., Results: The MPH group had a significantly greater decrease in ABRS scores and a significantly higher increase in CGAS scores than the placebo group (p < 0.01). The MPH group showed also a significantly higher proportion of patients with a robust improvement (decrement of at least 50% in the ABRS score after the intervention) than the placebo group (p < 0.01). The MPH effect size for the ABRS was 1.05 (95% CI = 0.73-1.37)., Conclusion: Our results extend the efficacy of MPH on the ADHD core symptoms extensively demonstrated in clinical trials with samples from some developed countries to a sample from a developing country where a diverse culture may modulate the clinical presentation of the disorder.
- Published
- 2004
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20. Acoustic analysis of voice in multiple sclerosis patients.
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Feijó AV, Parente MA, Behlau M, Haussen S, de Veccino MC, and Martignago BC
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- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Chi-Square Distribution, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hoarseness, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sound Spectrography, Speech Production Measurement, Voice Quality, Multiple Sclerosis complications, Speech Acoustics, Voice, Voice Disorders etiology, Voice Disorders physiopathology
- Abstract
The objective is to investigate the presence of dysphonic symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to compare quantitative acoustic parameters in multiple sclerosis patients and normal individuals. The method of study was an 8-month controlled cross-sectional that was carried out with 106 individuals (30 MS, 76 controls). Both groups included males and females from 20 to 55 years. Exclusion criteria were prior vocal disorder, laryngeal microsurgery, recent endotracheal intubation, tumors, laryngeal, lung or mediastinal metastases, respiratory disease, and other associated neurological diagnoses. For dysphonic symptoms (qualitative variables), associations were assessed using Mantel-Haenszel's chi2 test, with Yates correction or the Fisher exact test when necessary. Statistical significance was set at p< or =0.05. Dysphonia was observed in 70% of MS individuals versus 33% of controls (p=0.01). Association was found between MS and dysphonia (OR: 2.2, CI 95%: 1.13-4.25). Fundamental frequency was higher among MS patients (p=0.01). Fundamental frequency deviation was significantly higher in MS women (but not men) than controls (p=0.00). Jitter was higher in MS men than in all other groups (p=0.00). Results suggest that evaluation and treatment of MS patients should be revised, evaluating voice alterations in relation to other signs. MS seems to intensify gender effect on fundamental frequency deviation, noise, and jitter, with MS women presenting fewer voice variations than men.
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- 2004
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21. The acute effect of methylphenidate on cerebral blood flow in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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Szobot CM, Ketzer C, Cunha RD, Parente MA, Langleben DD, Acton PD, Kapczinski F, and Rohde LA
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- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity physiopathology, Blood Flow Velocity drug effects, Child, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Parietal Lobe blood supply, Parietal Lobe diagnostic imaging, Parietal Lobe drug effects, Parietal Lobe physiopathology, Placebos, Radionuclide Imaging, Radiopharmaceuticals, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity diagnostic imaging, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity drug therapy, Cerebrovascular Circulation drug effects, Cysteine analogs & derivatives, Methylphenidate administration & dosage, Organotechnetium Compounds
- Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH) is the most commonly prescribed treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The therapeutic mechanisms of MPH are not, however, fully understood. We studied the effects of MPH on brain activity in male children and adolescents with ADHD, using the blood flow radiotracer technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer ((99m)Tc-ECD) and single-photon emission tomography (SPET). The study was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled (MPH group, n=19; placebo group, n=17), Radiotracer was administered during the performance of the Continuous Performance Test and before and after 4 days of MPH treatment. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM99) analysis showed a significant reduction in regional cerebral blood flow in the left parietal region in the MPH group compared with the placebo group (P<0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). Our findings suggest that the posterior attentional system, which includes the parietal cortex, may have a role in the mediation of the therapeutic effects of MPH in ADHD.
- Published
- 2003
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22. NMDA-induced lesions of the nucleus accumbens or the ventral pallidum increase the rewarding efficacy of food to deprived rats.
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Johnson PI, Parente MA, and Stellar JR
- Subjects
- Animals, Behavior, Animal drug effects, Globus Pallidus drug effects, Male, N-Methylaspartate pharmacology, Nucleus Accumbens drug effects, Rats, Reinforcement, Psychology, Animal Feed, Food Deprivation physiology, Globus Pallidus physiology, Nucleus Accumbens physiology, Reward
- Abstract
The role of the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and ventral pallidum (VP) in food reward modulation was investigated using Heyman's [24] curve fitting approach in food deprived rats. All rats were maintained at 80% normal body weight, and trained to lever press for food reinforcement. Each rat was tested daily with a series of four variable-interval (VI) reinforcement schedules (80, 40, 20, and 10 s) designed to approximate an exponential distribution, and randomly administered in ascending or descending order. The maximum response rate (Rmax) and the reinforcement rate required to maintain half-maximal responding (Re50) were recorded for each rat's daily test session. Following the establishment of baseline responding, the excitotoxin N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) was bilaterally administered into the NAC (30 micrograms per side) or VP (20 micrograms per side) over a 10 min period. Both groups displayed substantial damage to the intended structure, with the lateral regions typically sustaining more damage than medial regions, and minor damage to surrounding areas. When tested at three weeks post-lesion, a suppression of motor activity was evident in all animals when compared to pre-lesion baseline. Moreover, in almost all rats, Re50 decreased, suggesting that the rewarding efficacy of food had increased. These data are surprising, given the extensive literature on the relationship between damage in the NAC and loss of reward efficacy. However, based on pharmacological and anatomical findings, both brain regions have been divided into several subregions. Behavioral studies suggest that these subregions may differentially regulate reward and motor functions. The results from the present study suggest that (1) both the NAC and VP are involved in the modulation of food reward, (2) that lateral subregions in each structure may function to dampen food reward efficacy, and (3) that medial subregions may enhance food reward.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Unexpected reading dissociation in a Brazilian "nisei" with crossed aphasia.
- Author
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Caramelli P, Parente MA, Hosogi ML, Bois M, and Lecours AR
- Abstract
There is an increased interest in reading impairments in the Japanese language, due to its particular writing system which includes two different scripts, Kanji (logograms) and Kana (phonograms). Reading dissociations between Kanji and Kana have been described, showing that each system is processed differently by the cerebral hemispheres. We describe the case of a 68 year old Brazilian "nisei" (i.e. born from Japanese parents) who had knowledge of both Japanese and Portuguese. He presented an ischemic stroke affecting the right hemisphere and subsequently developed a Broca's aphasia and an unexpected reading dissociation, with an impairment in Kana reading comprehension and a good performance in Kanji and in Portuguese. These findings suggest that the patient's right and left hemispheres have assumed opposite roles not only for oral but also for written language decodification.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. [To the letter].
- Author
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Lecours AR, Mehler J, and Parente MA
- Subjects
- Adult, Aphasia physiopathology, Child, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Educational Status, Functional Laterality, Hearing physiology, Humans, Reading, Language
- Published
- 1985
25. [Evaluation of intelligence with non-verbal tests in aphasic patients].
- Author
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Ceschin JS, Melaragno Filho R, Brauer MJ, and Parente MA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aphasia diagnosis, Cerebrovascular Disorders diagnosis, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Aphasia psychology, Cerebrovascular Disorders psychology, Intelligence Tests
- Abstract
Eight patients with cerebral vascular disease and aphasia were studied just after the stroke. The clinical, neuropsychiatric, EEG and neuro-radiological aspects were evaluated. The patients were submitted to the psychological and phonoaudiological studies. The authors correlated the neurological lesions to the structural alteration of the intelligence, to the praxic and estheognostic alterations and also to the language disturbances. The criterions adopted by the World Health Organization and the genetics classification of Jean Piaget were used for the intellectual level classification. The results suggest that the intelligence evaluated through Leither's non-verbal test is better preserved in some asphasics.
- Published
- 1979
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Illiteracy and brain damage. 3: A contribution to the study of speech and language disorders in illiterates with unilateral brain damage (initial testing).
- Author
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Lecours AR, Mehler J, Parente MA, Beltrami MC, Canossa de Tolipan L, Cary L, Castro MJ, Carrono V, Chagastelles L, and Dehaut F
- Subjects
- Aphasia psychology, Cerebral Infarction psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Brain Damage, Chronic psychology, Dominance, Cerebral, Educational Status, Language Disorders psychology, Speech Disorders psychology
- Abstract
This report bears on the behavior of 188 unilateral stroke subjects when administered an aphasia screening test comprising a short interview as well as naming, repetition, word-picture matching and sentence-picture matching tasks. All subjects were unilingual lusophone adult (40 yr of age or older) right-handers. Furthermore, they were either totally unschooled illiterates or they had received school education and thereafter retained writing skills and reading habits. Subjects were tested less than 2 months after a first unilateral stroke. In all tasks, global error scores were greater among left and right brain-damaged illiterate and literate subjects than among their controls. In repetition and matching, these differences were statistically significant for the left but not for the right-stroke groups, irrespective of the literacy factor. In naming, on the other hand, significant differences were found not only for the two left-stroke groups but also for the right-stroke illiterate group although not for the right-stroke literate one. Likewise, some degree of word-finding difficulty and of reduction in speech output as well as sizeable production of phonemic paraphasias were observed in the interviews of several right-stroke illiterates, clearly less in those of right-stroke literates. These findings lead us to suggest that cerebral representation of language is more ambilateral in illiterates than it is in school educated subjects although left cerebral "dominance" remains the rule in both.
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Illiteracy and brain damage. 2. Manifestations of unilateral neglect in testing "auditory comprehension" with iconographic materials.
- Author
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Lecours AR, Mehler J, Parente MA, Aguiar LR, da Silva AB, Caetano M, Camarotti H, Castro MJ, Dehaut F, and Dumais C
- Subjects
- Attention, Brain Damage, Chronic diagnosis, Cerebral Infarction psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychometrics, Semantics, Brain Damage, Chronic psychology, Dominance, Cerebral, Educational Status, Form Perception, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Speech Perception
- Abstract
This report concerns the sentence-picture matching behavior of 100 neurologically healthy and 169 brain-damaged subjects, all of whom were unilingual adult right-handers. Within this population, 144 subjects were totally unschooled illiterates and the remaining 125 had received school education and thereafter had retained writing skills and reading habits. Brain-damaged subjects were tested less than 2 months after a first left- or right-hemisphere stroke. All subjects were administered an aphasia screening battery including, among other subtests, a set of six sentence-picture matching stimuli. For each of these six stimuli, subjects heard a sentence uttered by the examiner and were then requested to match this sentence with one of four drawings presented within a single display divided into four quadrants of equal surface. Three sentences were syntactically "simple" (noun subject + verb) and three were relatively more "complex" (noun subject + verb + one or two noun complements). Evidence of unilateral neglect was found in both left- and right-brain-damaged illiterates and literates. Moreover, the right neglect of left-brain-damaged subjects was manifest mostly when target sentences were relatively "complex" whereas the left neglect of right-brain-damaged subjects was manifest irrespective of the syntactic complexity of target sentences. Our data are interpreted as indicative of an interaction between two cognitive disorders resulting from dysfunctions of asymmetrically represented cognitive mechanisms. The implications of these findings with respect to clinical and research aphasia testing are discussed.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Illiteracy and brain damage--1. Aphasia testing in culturally contrasted populations (control subjects).
- Author
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Lecours AR, Mehler J, Parente MA, Caldeira A, Cary L, Castro MJ, Dehaut F, Delgado R, Gurd J, and de Fraga Karmann D
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aphasia psychology, Cultural Characteristics, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Aphasia diagnosis, Brain Damage, Chronic diagnosis, Educational Status, Neuropsychological Tests standards
- Abstract
One hundred neurologically healthy adults were tested for their pointing (choosing one of four or six line drawings as the match to an auditorily presented linguistic stimulus), naming (from line drawings), and repetition abilities. All subjects were unilingual adult right-handers. Fifty-seven subjects were totally unschooled illiterates and 43 were fluent readers. Statistically significant differences were found to exist between the scores of the illiterate and literate subpopulations across all tasks. With the focus being placed on these cultural differences, the discussion bears on: (a) the interaction between linguistic and iconographic factors in certain types of naming and pointing tasks currently used in clinical and research aphasiology, (b) some of the linguistic parameters which are apparently at stake in repetition behavior, and (c) the circumstances in which aphasiological research dealing with groups of patients cannot yield reliable data without reference to neurologically healthy controls. It is argued that, when testing brain-damaged patients of different cultural backgrounds, one runs the risk of over- or underestimating the frequency of aphasia if one does not refer to norms which explicitly take educational level into account.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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