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Copyright of Épidémiologie et Santé Animale is the property of Association pour l'Etude de l'Epidemiologie des Maladies Animales (AEEMA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecoscience (Ecoscience) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Naturaliste Canadien is the property of La Societe Provancher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2008, an outbreak of yellow fever occurred in Abidjan. The entomological investigations confirm that Abidjan is at risk of yellow fever with a suspicion of the National Park of Banco (NPB) forest as a likely area of re-emergence. This study aims to assess the dispersion of sylvatic vectors of arboviruses from the NPB forest to the surrounding areas (Andokoi and Sagbé). The sampling was done in the rainy season using the WHO layer-traps technique. Among the six species of Aedes sampled, Aedes aegypti and Aedes africanus were the potential vectors of arboviruses. Both species were collected in Sagbé but only Ae. aegypti in Andokoi. Only Ae. aegypti were present 400 and 800 m from NPB forest, but at 200 m, it showed respective proportions of 75.5% and 87.5% in Sagbé and Andokoi. In the NPB forest, however, Ae. africanus has been the predominant species. The study showed the presence of Ae. aegypti in Andokoi and Sagbé. However, Ae. africanus was found in the NPB forest and in the 200 m radius in Sagbé. The establishment of an entomological surveillance program in all areas would therefore be essential for the prevention of arboviruses outbreaks in Abidjan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Droit et Cultures is the property of Revue Droit et Cultures - Universite Paris Nanterre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Belonging in Australian national parks has long been associated with universal ideas of nativeness or naturalness. However, these delineations have been critiqued as rooted in western, dualistic understandings of nature and culture that do not allow for other ways of conceptualising the world or for the agency of nonhumans. This paper argues for reconceptualising belonging as an ontological co-becoming where multiple contingent belongings co-emerge with bodies, worlds and place. To show how belonging co-becomes, I examine human–tree relations surrounding a special and sacred tree in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Australia, the Angophora costata. I tell three stories that shed light on the multiple ways performances of belonging are entangled with histories, stories, spirits, and present and absent humans and nonhumans. In doing so, I show how belonging is a more-than-human practice where ideas of native and natural are questioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L’article porte sur la mise en œuvre des politiques environnementales à partir du cas du parc national de la Vanoise. Sur la base d’un travail de comparaison entre deux vallées, la Maurienne et la Tarentaise, l’article montre d’abord comment les usagers de cet espace protégé, en surmontant le caractère problématique de leur coopération, font émerger deux formes d’organisation contrastées de leurs territoires. Il explique ensuite comment ces deux formes d’organisation conditionnent la portée de la politique du parc et comment les agents de terrain influent localement sur les pratiques qui y ont cours. La coexistence de ces deux formes d’action publique territorialisées, si elle nous montre comment sont négociés localement les enjeux environnementaux, interroge toutefois la cohérence des décisions du parc et n’est pas sans créer d’importantes tensions au sein de l’établissement.

Copyright of Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France is the property of Societe Zoologique de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La présente étude consiste à une analyse de la viabilité d’une petite population de gorilles vivant au Mont Tshiabirimu au Parc National des Virunga en République Démocratique du Congo par modélisation et simulations de l’écosystème afin de relever et prédire dans 100 ans la probabilité de leur extinction et de leur survie. Pour cela, nous avons effectué des simulations en utilisant les modèles VENSIM PLE pour 20 gorilles. En exploitant les données de 1996 à 2011 et en les intégrant dans notre modèle, nous avons pu estimer l’ampleur du problème. Nous avons également examiné par PCR, 29 échantillons de matières fécales de gorilles dont 13 pour la détermination de la parenté et 16 pour les pathologies. D’une manière générale, les résultats de la présente étude par rapport aux simulations indiquent : 1) qu’en tenant compte du nombre de mises bas, le taux de natalité s’est avéré se situer au niveau de 0.007. Ainsi, cette population continuera à décroître avec le temps. Cette tendance n’a pas changé en faisant une simulation d’une population en déclin ; 2) qu’en introduisant les paramètres de fécondité, de capacité de charge biologique en fonction de la mortalité (taux de fécondité moyen de 4.4 et de mortalité de 0.666 au début), la population de gorilles aura toujours tendance à diminuer ; 3) qu’avec de nouvelles femelles de repeuplement, la population de gorilles pourrait se stabiliser dans les 100 prochaines années ; 4) qu’avec l’analyse génétique pour la recherche de l’identité, les génotypes à partir des échantillons confirment la présence de gorilles mâles et femelles ; 5) qu’avec les pathologies, les résultats des observations et de simulation montrent que l’évolution des infections probables (shigelloses et salmonelloses) est resté constante et linéaire jusqu’à 78 ans. Ces résultats indiquent combien il est important et urgent de renforcer les mesures de stabilisation de cette petite population par le repeuplement de la forêt avec quelques nouvelles femelles afin de minimiser les risques d’extinction.

Protected forest areas (PFAs) are key features of biodiversity conservation, and knowledge about long-term development is crucial in evaluating their efficiency and management needs. Longitudinal data on forest structure in PFAs is uncommon and often from small areas. Here we use data from the Swedish National Forest Inventory to study changes in more than 750 000 ha of PFAs over 60 years. Structures important for biodiversity, e.g., number of large trees and the volume of hard deadwood, including both standing and down wood, have more than doubled. The initial volume of deadwood, however, was very low. The overall tree species composition was stable over time, and only among the largest trees were there indications of a shift towards the late successional Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Deadwood increased independent of species, size of wood, and site characteristics. This increase was positively related to the volume of living trees and forest age. We conclude that Swedish PFAs, in the absence of active management and under fire suppression at the landscape scale, develop structural components that are crucial for conservation of biodiversity. However, although tree species composition appears stable, present disturbance regimes in the PFAs are considerably different from those in naturally dynamic forests, which may have implications for long-term biodiversity maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plus de quarante ans après sa création, le Parc national des Pyrénées demeure toutefois mal accepté par des acteurs locaux qui refusent l’onction patrimoniale des périmètres de protection. La réforme de son statut consécutive à la loi de 2006 provoque un regain de conflictualité. L’article se propose, à partir du dépouillement de la presse quotidienne régionale (journal Sud-Ouest) : d’identifier les acteurs en conflit, d’appréhender leur argumentaire et de mettre en évidence leurs représentations de l’espace naturel. Plus largement, l’analyse de ce type de source permet de saisir l’image du parc national diffusée dans le premier quotidien régional.

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Identifying tidal salt marshes as priority sites for conservation or restoration remains a challenge, as several sites are so severely degraded that allocating financial resources for their protection would be questionable. The decision-making process could nevertheless be facilitated by comparing species assemblages and the dynamics and (or) ecological functions of a site with an ecological benchmark, i.e., a tidal marsh that remains free from anthropogenic disturbances. We used plant surveys and plant macrofossil and pollen analyses for evaluating the benchmark potential of the Pointe-aux-Épinettes marsh, a protected salt marsh of the St. Lawrence River estuary (Canada) and one of the last salt marshes that could potentially be a benchmark along the estuary. Historical evidence indicated that the forests surrounding the marsh were converted into agricultural lands circa 1850. Nevertheless, this land-use change had little impact on the marsh. The long-term impacts of trampling and grazing by livestock on the vegetation were negligible. Macrofossil analyses indicated that the plant assemblages were dynamic, but past and current vegetation assemblages are representative of those characterizing an undisturbed salt marsh, with a very high proportion of native wetland species. In a context where truly undisturbed salt marshes are extremely rare ecosystems, our study indicates that the Pointe-aux-Épinettes plant assemblages could be used as benchmarks against which the condition of the vegetation of other salt marshes in northeastern North America could be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forestry Chronicle is the property of Canadian Institute of Forestry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Policy for biodiversity conservation must evolve to cope with the increasing human footprint on natural systems. A major issue here is the need for policy for protected areas, which integrates their surrounding landscape and local human populations in the construction of socially grounded measures. To illustrate current conceptual thinking in this direction we present and provide a conceptual basis for a recent initiative in national park policy in France that is based on “ecological solidarity”. In the light of other policy ideas and tools that have recently emerged for the co-construction of conservation policy, we argue that this concept provides an imaginative step towards consolidating ecological and social interdependence in biodiversity policy that goes beyond statutory park boundaries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The primary objective of this two-phased study, conducted at two national parks on the Caribbean island of Dominica, was to explore the relationship between selected users' characteristics (e.g. gender, age, and nationality) and their perception of resources conditions. A secondary objective was to contribute to the nature tourism and natural resource database in the context of a small tropical island. Visitor use patterns were also examined. A questionnaire survey was the primary method of data collection, supplemented by some ecological data collected in one-meter wide trail corridors as part of a larger study. There was a high level of consistency between users' perceptions of resource conditions. It was evident however, that park users' perceptions of resource conditions were different in some respects to prevailing site conditions. Chi-square test of independence revealed that there was indeed a significant relationship between users' overall rating of resource conditions and their gender. Significant relationships between users' perceptions of resource conditions and their age and geographic region of nationality were identified only after some data were pooled. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that resource managers should utilize a combination of approaches rather than a single approach for assessing and monitoring ecological changes and resource deterioration and for guiding policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article traces the history of naming Cradle Mountain/Lake St. Clair (CM/LSC) National Park, in central western Tasmania, Australia, and, in doing so, will argue that toponyms constitute, rather than merely reflect, the landscape. The first official toponyms of the area were chosen by surveyors who visited the region in the early nineteenth century. These toponyms provide an insight into the European colonization of white settler nations, including the colonists' desire to draw allegories between the newly discovered landscape and their European homeland. The surveyors were followed by local snarers, trappers, and farmers, and later by bushwalkers, and, through the toponyms given to CM/LSC, it is possible to consider the ways in which each of these groups has used this landscape. The article also examines other ways of knowing the landscape that are not necessarily reflected in the official toponyms. The construction of landscape through social practices such as naming is embedded within relationships of power, and this article will examine some of the ways in which the official toponyms may be contested. In particular, it will examine the differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ways of naming, and thus knowing, landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)