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This research investigates the design and optimization of a photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system to address seasonal water demands across five locations with varying elevation heads. The system draws water from a deep well with a static water level of 30 m and a dynamic level of 50 m, serving agricultural and livestock needs. The objective of this study is to accurately size a PV system that balances energy generation and demand while minimizing grid dependency. Meanwhile, the study presents a comprehensive methodology to calculate flow rates, pumping power, daily energy consumption, and system capacity. Therefore, the PV system rating, energy output, and economic performance were evaluated using metrics such as discounted payback period (DPP), net present value (NPV), and sensitivity analysis. The results show that a 2.74 kWp PV system is optimal, producing 4767 kWh/year to meet the system's annual energy demand of 4686 kWh. In summer, energy demand peaks at 1532.7 kWh, while in winter, it drops to 692.1 kWh. Meanwhile, flow rates range from 11.71 m3/h at 57 m head to 10.49 m3/h at 70 m head, demonstrating the system's adaptability to diverse hydraulic conditions. Economic analysis reveals that at a 5% interest rate and an electricity price of $0.15/kWh, the NPV is $6981.82 with a DPP of 3.76 years. However, a 30% increase in electricity prices improves the NPV to $10,005.18 and shortens the DPP to 2.76 years, whereas a 20% interest rate reduces the NPV to $1038.79 and extends the DPP to 6.08 years. Nevertheless, the annual PV energy generation exceeds total energy demand by 81 kWh, reducing grid dependency and lowering electricity costs. Additionally, the PV system avoids approximately 3956.6 kg of CO2 emissions annually, underscoring its environmental benefits over traditional pumping systems. As a result, this study highlights the economic and environmental viability of PV-powered water pumping systems, offering actionable insights for sustainable energy solutions in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, water pumping systems powered by solar-cell generators are one of the most important applications. It’s a promising alternative to conventional electricity and diesel based pumping systems, especially for applications like community water supplies and irrigation. This study presents a monitored standalone photovoltaic solar direct pumping system using the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm to optimize the solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency. It was done at ISET-Rosso in Mauritania. The experimental setup based on Lorentz PS1200C-SJ8-5 pumping system consists of four photovoltaic (PV) panels, inverter PS1200, BLDC motor, centrifugal pump and a storage tank. The system has been monitored, in order to determine the relationship between: the DC power produced by the PV generator and the solar radiation; the water flow and the DC power and by then the relationship between the water flow and the solar radiation. The effect of ambient temperature and solar radiation on the PV panels was also done under Matlab/Simulink environment and compared to the experimental results. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Abstract Predicting stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) pumping system performances at different heads is a key issue for designers and installers. The previous studies show that the head of well has a big effect on the performance of PV pumping system (PVPS). In this paper, a new practical model is proposed, in order to predict the daily pumped water quantity (Q d) and motor-pump efficiency for a given daily PV array energy output (E PV) and any head (H). This model based on the no-linear translation of operating points for PV array energy output and daily pumped water quantity. This makes practical translation procedure much easier; only four E PV -Q d operating points measured at any E PV and H can be used as the reference E PV -Q d operating points. For the validation, the test and measurement campaign carried out on the PVPS (model PS150) installed in the city of Adrar in the south of Algeria (Latitude 27° 53′ N, Longitude 0° 17′ W) has provided the necessary experimental data. The calculation of Q d over a wide range of E PV and H well agree with experimental results of PVPS. This model can be used to investigate the reliability of the system to supply water in desert areas or isolated sites where no electricity supply is available depending on the required water demand. It is found that the optimum value of motor-pump efficiency can be obtained from PVPS fed by array PV with a nominal 300 Wp and installed in a well of 13.5 m head. We indicate that the translation of the E PV -Q d operating points based on this method is effective for estimating the performance of the PVPS installed at any head and/or in any region. Highlights • An experimental study of stand-alone PV pumping system PS150 is carried out for two PV array configurations. • A new practical model is proposed for predicting the daily pumped water quantity and motor-pump efficiency. • Effectiveness of the proposed model and methodology is examined. • System efficiency depends basically on two factors: the pumping head H and the PV array energy output. • The best performance of PS150 has been reached for a head of 13.5 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Saharan medium by its arid nature and the availability of solar immense in our country, 7.8 kWh/m²/day can return the application of the water pumping via photovoltaic (PV) pumping system. However, due to their relatively high cost, the sizing of these systems implies the use of an accurate tool. In this paper, a new practical formulation is proposed, in order to predict the daily pumped water quantity (Qd) for a given daily array energy output (Epv) profile and any total manometric head (H). The model based on the linear interpolation/extrapolation, called: translation of the Epv-Qd characteristics of pumps. This technique has been developed based on experimental study. This makes practical translation procedure much easier; only four pv-Qd characteristics measured at any Epv and H can be used as the reference Epv-Qd characteristics. The calculated the Qd over a wide range of Epv and H well agree with experimental results of PV pumping system. These results indicate that the translation of the Epv-Qd characteristics based on this method is effective for estimating the performance of the PV pumping system under various climatic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research pertains to solar photovoltaic (PV) pumping for aeration of aquaculture ponds and evaluates it economically. A stand-alone photovoltaic aeration system based on recycling of water at 10 cm under the water surface, at the surface (0 cm) and above the surface (30 cm) on a perforated tray was evaluated. The effect of pump discharges (35, 50, 65 L/min) on standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR) and standard aeration efficiency (SAE) was investigated. Results revealed that the daily averages of PV energy output, PV efficiency and load energy were 0.844 kWh/d, 9.87% and 0.615 kWh/d, respectively, at 65 L/min and 42.7°C PV temperature. Water flow upward at 30 cm over the perforated tray in the radial direction proved to be better since it gave an opportunity for the exchange of gaseous between the water and the atmosphere. The SOTR and SAE for the third position were 0.025 kgO2/h and 0.1 kgO2/kW h, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The use of solar energy especially for water pumping is well adapted for most rural and desert areas. The latter have a great solar energy potential and a shallow underground hydraulic potential. Solar pumping is an exception; it is in fact relatively easy to store potential energy of water with a more reliable elevated tank. In this paper, we present modeling and sizing of photovoltaic pumping system with battery storage. To track maximum output power operating point of the photovoltaic generator, we use three optimization methods: Perturbation and Observation (P&O), Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm (NF). Batteries are added for the purpose of ensuring continuous power flow. The storage battery model used is presented with obtained measurement results. The obtained simulations developed under Matlab/simulink package, show the robustness and effectiveness of the Neuro fuzzy controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is one of the most commonly utilized maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control schemes for photovoltaic (PV) generators. However, the operation of this algorithm at high perturbation frequencies, when the system response to MPPT perturbations is never allowed to settle, has not been given adequate attention in the literature. This paper characterizes system behavior in this mode of operation for standalone PV systems feeding resistive loads and motor-pump loads. Simulation and experimental results show that the P&O algorithm operating at a high perturbation frequency may offer higher energy utilization efficiency and better system performance, despite the resulting nonperiodic waveforms of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a software tool that allows simulation of PV pumping systems with sun trackers and, also, consideration of the effect of the level of dirt on the PV generator surface. This effect is important in dry climates such as the ones where this kind of systems is usually installed. The simulation tool has been validated with the experimental data obtained in a testing bench. Finally, the paper analyses the influence of the temporary scale in the simulation results, showing that the 12 values of monthly means of daily global irradiation lead to enough precisions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: Photovoltaic pumping systems (PVPS) based on standard frequency converters (SFCs) are currently experiencing a growing interest in pumping programmes implemented in remote areas because of their high performance in terms of component reliability, low cost, high power range and good availability of components virtually anywhere in the world. However, in practical applications there have appeared a number of problems related to the adaptation of the SFCs to the requirements of the photovoltaic pumping systems (PVPS). Another disadvantage of dedicated PVPS is the difficulty in implementing maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This paper shows that these problems can be solved through the addition of a basic industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) to the system. This PLC does not increase the cost and complexity of the system, but improves the adaptation of the SFC to the photovoltaic pumping system, and increases the overall performance of the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) pumping offers the possibility of supplying water to remote and desert regions for their daily needs. The sizing of the PV pumping systems is a very significant step in order to optimize the power peak of the PV array and to ensure the best choice of the motor, the pump and the inverter. Two mathematical models were proposed in this article to contribute in the studies of PV pumping sizing. These models link directly the operating electrical power to the water flow rate of the pump versus total head. These models are based essentially on the experimentation of pumps on CDER PV pumping test facility. Two pumping systems are tested: the first uses a centrifugal pump and the second uses a positive displacement pump. The results obtained by the models are very satisfactory. Also, the models enabled us to simulate the electrical and hydraulic performances of two tested pumps. The performances are calculated using the measured meteorological data of different sites located in Sahara and coastline regions of Algeria. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The precise determination of solar radiation intensity is important for accurate system sizing. For PV pumping system case, the issue becomes more important since inaccurate solar radiation data nonlinearly reflected to the calculations. Inappropriate solar radiation model selection for a specific design site is a major cause for inaccurate system sizing. The differences in power output of a PV pumping system due to using some solar radiation correlations are examined here. The results are then compared with those of long-term solar radiation measurements. It is reported that the system sizing with the measurements and the most appropriate correlation for the application site significantly differ since the errors in predicting solar radiation data are nonlinearly propagated to the system power output. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents two mathematical motor-pump models for photovoltaic (PV) applications. These models will allow us to obtain the operating point with the PV array and the flow rate of the pumped water. The modelled motor-pump characteristics are current–voltage and flow–voltage. The models are established for centrifugal and positive displacement pumps coupled to DC motors. The experimental data is obtained in our pumping test facility. A simplified method is proposed to obtain the parameters of these models in order to reduce the number of experimental measurements to the minimum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper presents a method for estimating the loss-of-load probability (LLP) of a photovoltaic water pumping system. The study has been carried out for a constant profile, using a tank with a two day autonomy capacity and two pumping heads applied to a centrifugal pump. The method developed in this paper gives a simple tool for LLP calculation. The procedure can also be used to draw LLP maps with normalised parameters using long term observed or generated sequences of meteorological data. This technique gives a generalised and practical graphical tool for systems sizing. Some examples from Algeria are used. But the method can be applied to any geographical area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]