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Provenance history sheds light on the relationship between works of art and the social, political, and economic conditions of their biographies. Engaging with the provenance of objects establishes a cultural conversation across time and space with previous owners. For artworks in museums, the public has now entered into that conversation. Museums, as custodians of art and educators of the public, can play a significant role in going beyond the question of ownership to get to the heart of what provenance reveals about the meanings of art: the ways people bring art into their lives, and the ways that objects are loved and studied. This essay delves into these human aspects of provenance, which are too often absent from museum displays, and argues in favor of making this information more visible to the public. Finally, works by contemporary artists Hans Haacke and Maria Eichhorn are discussed as examples of projects that successfully expose complicated object histories and provenance within museum installations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his grand Medieval Manuscripts in British Libraries , Neil Ker identified, in two different repositories, the extensive remains of a single sixteenth-century library. This had clearly been gathered together before the Dissolution from the book collections of a variety of religious houses, all of those identifiable in the city of Chester. The essay traces the probable passage of these volumes from their initial collection to their present repositories, Gray's Inn and Shrewsbury School. In this account, the initial collector, William Wall, eventually prebendary of Chester Cathedral, had passed these on to a recusant family, the Egertons, and they, in turn, descended through an illegitimate daughter to the Bostocks, who donated them to their present institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the rise of the study of the history of the book in the 1980s and 1990s, provenance studies have become an important component in the research of social and cultural historians. This development was noticed and embraced by the Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL). The Consortium incorporated results of provenance research in existing resources and created new resources specifically with the question of provenance in mind. In this contribution I will focus on two CERL resources: the Material Evidence in Incunabula Database and the recently developed CERL Provenance Digital Archive and the relation between the two. Examples will show how these two digital resources stimulate international cooperation in the field of provenance research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The provenance study of the artificial products among the archaeological artifacts is an important content of the archaeological research. The relevant methods applied in the academic field at present all have their effectiveness as well as limitations. Focusing on the practices and experiences in the study on the bronze mirror casting industry in the Linzi City Site of the Qi State in Shandong, this paper puts forward the provenance estimation method based on the styles and distributions of the artificial products, which suggests that different production places (origins) produced different local styles, while the products made in each origin were circulated in the zone with the origin as the center. Therefore, according to the spatial distribution of the artificial products, the location with the most densely distributed products with this style could be inferred as their origin. Then, this paper discussed the identification and summarization of the "origin style", the observation and analyses of the regional distribution and the estimation and confirmation of the origins, the scope of application of this method and other relevant issues in the application of this provenance estimation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a biography of a collection of eleven Arabic manuscripts at the library of the Università degli Studi di Napoli L'Orientale (UNO). These manuscripts do not contain otherwise unknown or even rare texts, since the titles in the collection exist in dozens of manuscript copies in northern African libraries in addition to printed editions. While the bulk of their content may be known to historians, the objects themselves have led rich social lives that merit attention. Like many biographies, however, the story of these objects suffers from a lack of detail. In this article, I suggest that if approached in the aggregate, the long-term provenance of Arabic manuscript collections like this one have a fascinating story to tell about their social histories. Even in the absence of every detail, these objects have much to say about the multiple and overlapping historical contexts through which they have moved. I begin by showing how these manuscripts at the UNO started their lives as Italian papers, situating them in the world of maritime and terrestrial trade that linked the northern and southern coasts of the Mediterranean from the 17th-20th centuries. I then demonstrate how the production and circulation of these texts speaks to widespread intellectual networks of a Muslim minority community and its manuscript culture in the Maghrib during the 18th and 19th centuries when the Ottoman empire attempted to exercise influence over the region. Finally, I show the ways in which these manuscripts were participants in the process of European (specifically, Italian) colonization and colonial knowledge production in northern Africa at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. By placing the aggregated biographies of the manuscripts in dialogue with the history of the broader Mediterranean world, I show how Arabic manuscript collections like this one have much to offer historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks at the 1543 and 1555 copies of Vesalius's De humani corporis fabrica in the British Library and University College London. The texts were examined for provenance information, looking at copyspecific evidence to investigate the ownership history from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century. A wide range of provenance methods were explored to extract relevant information on use, readership, and ownership, considering how far these texts were used as practical medical textbooks, especially after the rise of book collecting in the eighteenth century. The collection habits of notable figures such as Sir Hans Sloane and Joseph Smith are considered through their ownership of medical texts. A previously unrecorded book stamp is also identified. This case study supports recent census research on Vesalius texts, suggesting that its readership was varied, and was not limited to an elite audience merely for display purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Provenance information is crucial for consistent maintenance of metadata schemas over time. The purpose of this paper is to propose a provenance model named DSP-PROV to keep track of structural changes of metadata schemas.Design/methodology/approach The DSP-PROV model is developed through applying the general provenance description standard PROV of the World Wide Web Consortium to the Dublin Core Application Profile. Metadata Application Profile of Digital Public Library of America is selected as a case study to apply the DSP-PROV model. Finally, this paper evaluates the proposed model by comparison between formal provenance description in DSP-PROV and semi-formal change log description in English.Findings Formal provenance description in the DSP-PROV model has advantages over semi-formal provenance description in English to keep metadata schemas consistent over time.Research limitations/implications The DSP-PROV model is applicable to keep track of the structural changes of metadata schema over time. Provenance description of other features of metadata schema such as vocabulary and encoding syntax are not covered.Originality/value This study proposes a simple model for provenance description of structural features of metadata schemas based on a few standards widely accepted on the Web and shows the advantage of the proposed model to conventional semi-formal provenance description. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on changes in ownership of British legal history source manuscripts and materials including a notebook in the hand of Sir Peter King, recorder of London then chief justice of the Common Pleas; a February 1857 autograph letter from Lord Cranworth LC to Mr Serjeant Wrangham regarding appointments for the queen's serjeants (sic); and the 18th century book "The Proceedings of His Majestie's Court of Exchequer" by Sir Jeffrey Gilbert.

Aim/Purpose With information almost effortlessly created and spontaneously available, current progress in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has led to the complication that information must be scrutinized for trustworthiness and provenance. Information systems must become provenance-aware to be satisfactory in accountability, reproducibility, and trustworthiness of data. Background Multiple models for abstract representation of provenance have been proposed to describe entities, people, and activities involved in producing a piece of data, including the Open Provenance Model (OPM) and the World Wide Web Consortium. These models lack certain concepts necessary for specifying workflows and encoding the provenance of data products used and generated. Methodology Without loss of generality, the focus of this paper is on OPM depiction of provenance in terms of a directed graph. We have redrawn several case studies in the framework of our proposed model in order to compare and evaluate it against OPM for representing these cases. Contribution This paper offers an alternative flow-based diagrammatic language that can form a foundation for modeling of provenance. The model described here provides an (abstract) machine-like representation of provenance. Findings The results suggest a viable alternative in the area of diagrammatic representation for provenance applications. Future Research Future work will seek to achieve more accurate comparisons with current models in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented which explores why more recent provenance can be crucially important and why the site-based decision making (SBDM) can be an extremely valuable tool when researching the medieval origins of a manuscript. It outlines a brief overview of the manuscript and the explicit evidence of its twentieth-century provenance. It also notes that the nineteenth-century provenance is crucial in leading to evidence of the precise origin of the book.

The article discusses Anglican clergyman and author Michael Sherbrook and the provenance of MS GG. 3.33 held in the collection of Cambridge University Library. Sherbrook authored the book "The Fall of the Religious Houses" regarding the dissolution of the church in England after being a witness to the pillage of the Cistercian monastery of Roche Abbey in West Riding of Yorkshire. The manuscript was part of Roche Abbey's library and was owned by Sherbrook. The manuscript provides commentary on the Psalms.

The author reflects on the ten rules for provenance in a variety of experiments. The author discusses the ways on how to improve the experimentation, the use of spreadsheets, and barcoding in labeling physical object or databases. The author also mentioned the use of electronic laboratory notebooks, reformatting for error correction, and extraction of metadata.

This article presents a new, detailed catalogue of the Greek manuscripts at the Wellcome Library in London. It consists of an introduction to the history of the collection and its scholarly importance, followed by separate entries for each manuscript. Each entry identifies the text(s) found in the respective manuscript – including reference to existing printed edition(s) of such texts – and gives a physical description of the codex, details on its provenance and bibliographical references. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

During the first centuries of Islam, the written notation of the Qur'an underwent a gradual evolution. After an early stage represented by the 'Ḥijāzī' tradition, red dots were introduced into 'Kūfic' Qur'ans to mark short vowels. This system was soon expanded by assigning more functions to the red dots, sometimes supplemented by yellow, green, and blue dots; and by creating new orthographic signs. These devices were used in different ways by different vocalisers. Few textual sources dealing with this subject survive. By far the most consequential is al-Muḥkam fī naqṭ al-maṣāḥif (lit. 'The Precise on the Vocalisation of Qur'ans') by Abū ʿAmr ʿUthmān b. Saʿīd al-Dānī (371-444/982-1053). Following a line of work initiated by Yasin Dutton, the present study, to be published in two parts, will confront the assertions of al-Muḥkam with a sample of key manuscripts in an attempt to gain insights into the regional origins of early Qur'ans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Working out the Old Libyco-Berber (LB) writings found on the Canary Islands (CI) is a long and painstaking task. Scholars have struggled with their provenance, meaning(s), common and different features with North African cognates, scribal communities, and the assumed time-span. In this review-paper, laying theoretical guiding lines for the understanding of the successive patterns and signs is considered an advantage. Nonetheless, high-staked claims as for the origin and the decipherment of the inscriptions are eluded, with plausible scenarios being offered. While corpus enlargement and qualitative and quantitative methods stand for the correct pursuit of the Libyco-Berber scholarship, multi-disciplinary and coordinated research should gain momentum too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the ownership of the manuscript "The Myrour of Recluses" during the 15th century, focusing on connecting the man John Trus, named in the manuscript as the owner, with John Taylor, the clerk of Stamford, England. Other topics include the building of an almshouse in Stamford by William Browne, a merchant, John Taylor's work as warden of the Stamford almshouse, and methods used to connect John Trus with John Taylor including handwriting comparison and career comparison.

The article focuses on the comments on the sources, authorship and provenance of Mǫrtu saga ok Maríu Magðalenu, which was compiled during the first hald of the 14th century. It explores the Latin texts utilized by the compiler of Maríu Magðalenu who drew on the same homily to present a commen theme among Latin patristics, that Mary Magdalen was the new Eve who brought about the fall of humanity in the garden of Eve.

The article looks at original manuscripts by historian Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl in the collections of Cambridge University. These include manuscripts of his book "Historia de la nación chichimeca" and four other historical accounts. According to the author, the manuscripts allow further philological study of the texts as well as reflection on the historical contexts in which they were written and studied. Details on the manuscripts' provenance are also presented.

Scholars have proposed Milan, Pisa and/or Bologna as possible locations for the copying of the inner gatherings (II-IV) of the manuscript Modena, Biblioteca Estense Universitaria, a.M.5.24 (Mod A) and have argued that some of the compositions might have originated in the circle of Archbishop of Milan Pietro Filargo. Yet evidence based on Mod A's repertory and the scant biographies of its composers is insufficient for determining the manuscript's origin. To solve this problem, I look at Mod A as a cultural artifact, attributing its illumination to the Master of 1411, an illuminator active in Bologna from 1404 to 1411, or to his assistant, both associated with the manuscript workshop of the Olivetan abbey of San Michele in Bosco, on the outskirts of medieval Bologna. The Master of 1411 might have been Giacomo da Padova, an illuminator documented there between 1407 and 1409. Iconographical analysis shows that the illuminator of Mod A possessed considerable knowledge of Paduan culture before the fall of the ruling Carrara family in 1405. This knowledge is apparent in his use of an astrological allusion to Carrara heraldry in his decoration of the song Inperial sedendo. His illumination of a Gloria by Egardus with the figure of Saint Anthony of Padua implies a familiarity with Padua's musical institutions. Mod A may have been illuminated when the papal entourage of John XXIII visited San Michele in Bosco in the fall of 1410, although further compositions were added after the illuminator had finished his work. This conclusion invites scholars to consider afresh the social context that might have fostered the compilation of the repertory in the inner gatherings of Mod A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the missing texts of the book "Master of the Revels, by Henry Herbert. It discusses the importance of the book to the early modern history of theater. It examines the history and provenance of the original manuscript and transcripts of the book. It adds that the book's older manuscripts are placed in Folger Library in Washington, D.C.

It is well known that the various manuscripts of the Targumim of the Five Scrolls are divided into two primary families: a Western family, comprising manuscripts that were written in Europe and North Africa, and a Yemenite family, exclusively comprising manuscripts of Yemenite provenance. The present article challenges this sharp division by presenting a unique Western manuscript which has adopted a clear Yemenite recension for at least two Targumim of the Five Scrolls. A close comparison reveals unprecedented resemblance between the 'Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurentiana, Plut. III. 1' manuscript and the Yemenite textual tradition. Various explanations have been proposed so far in order to determine the origin of the Yemenite version, but given the new evidence it seems preferable to assume that the emergence of the Yemenite recension did not take place in Yemenite or Babylonian regions, but rather in the West. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a 1769 letter to German Enlightenment-era writer Gotthold Ephraim Lessing discovered in the autograph collection of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz in Berlin, Germany. The author investigates to whom a reference to a Lieutenant General von Schmettow or Schmettau may refer, suggesting, after discounting several other members of the Silesian Schmettau family, that it must refer to Woldemar Hermann Graf von Schmettau. She also provides information about an ancient coin commemorating Greek military leader Chabrias, about the provenance of the letter, and about the potential impact of the revelation that Lessing and von Schmettau knew each other on Lessing scholarship.

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Copyright of Rivista di Storia del Cristianesimo is the property of Editrice Morcelliana S.p.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the provenance of the Palatine Anthology (P), a manuscript collection of Greek epigrams. It references the article "Sir Thomas More and the Greek Anthology" by Alan Cameron. The author supports Cameron's argument that philosopher Thomas More acquired P from his house-guest, Desiderius Erasmus, who had in turn acquired it from scholar Marcus Musurus during a trip to Italy. Particular focus is given to philological and historical evidence related to Erasmus' travels in Italy and the library of John Clement, a former owner of P.

It is argued that the exilic period among the exiles in Babylon provides the context proper of the crisis which Deuteronomy presupposes and also of its leading features, for example its ethos of »encroachment«. The book is shot through with apprehension for continued fidelity to YHWH, which evidently cannot be taken for granted - hence its authors' distinctive hortatory style: exhorting, cautioning, promising, threatening. The book has been aptly described as one of »memory making« in the face of a prevailing state of »forgetfulness« among those whom its authors addressed. Responding to historical circumstances that had overtaken much inherited religious practice and symbolism, the thinking and teaching of its authors reflect a shift from Israelite religion and institutions of the pre-exilic period to the antecedents of post-exilic Judaism. On présente ici la thèse que le contexte de la situation de crise présupposée par le Deutéronome correspond à l'exil à Babylone, et il en est de même pour son éthique de l'empiètement - implication (»encroachment«). Le livre est traversé par le souci de la fidélité permanente à Yhwh, qui n'était apparemment pas évidente. C'est ainsi que s'explique le style persuasif de ses auteurs: encourageant, avertissant, promettant, menaçant. On a bien défini ce livre comme une oeuvre créatrice de mémoire face à l'oubli progressif de l'histoire, qui caractérise ses destinataires. Répondant ainsi aux circonstances historiques qui font paraître désuètes la pratique et la symbolique religieuses anciennes, la pensée et l'enseignement des auteurs du Deutéronome reflètent le passage de la religion et des institutions d'Israël de l'époque préexilique vers les précurseurs du judaïsme post-exilique. Es wird die These aufgestellt, dass das babylonische Exil sowohl für die vom Deuteronomium vorausgesetzte Krisensituation als auch für bestimmte Charakteristika, etwa sein Ethos des Übergriffs] (encroachment), den passenden Kontext bildet. Das Buch ist durchsetzt von der Sorge um die fortgesetzte Treue zu Jhwh, die offensichtlich nicht selbstverständlich war. So erklärt sich der eindringliche Stil seiner Autoren: ermahnend, warnend, verheißend, drohend. Das Buch ist treffend beschrieben worden als eines, das Erinnerung stiftet angesichts einer unter den Adressaten andauernden Situation der Geschichtsvergessenheit. Antwortend auf die geschichtlichen Gegebenheiten, welche die ererbte religiöse Praxis und Symbolik überholt erscheinen ließ, spiegelt das Denken und Lehren der Verfasser des Deuteronomiums den Übergang von der israelitischen Religion und den Institutionen der vorexilischen Zeit hin zu den Vorläufern des nachexilischen Judentums wider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a collection of seventy-seven letters of indulgence dating from the 13th and 14th centuries held by the Guildhall Library in London, England, and argues that one of the earliest letter may have been misdated. The letter's official dating to 1201, making it the earliest document in the collection, is examined, and evidence that it should be re-dated to 1240 including its similarity to contemporary documents and paleography is explored. The observation that most of the letters of indulgence in the collection were sold to finance the rebuilding of St. Paul's Cathedral between 1241 and 1327 is also offered.

This article examines the treatment of family papers in a sample of specialist repositories in the UK. It is suggested that there is an inherent tension between thematic collecting policies and traditional archival theories concerning the preservation of provenance. This conflict has sometimes been more broadly characterized in archival thought as the choice between serving the needs of users and that of fulfilling archival requirements. Family papers can serve to highlight these difficulties, due to their often complex provenance and wide-ranging content. It is argued that, through arrangement and description, archivists have sometimes simplified and, in some cases, distorted information about records in their care in order to meet the perceived interests of their users. It is concluded that authority records, if properly developed, could protect provenance, enable easier access and minimize the privileging of information within multifaceted collections such as family papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a document hitherto unknown to scholars of the early Americas, concerning a number of oustanding Mexican objects presented in Bologna in 1533 to Pope Clement VII. It also attempts to recognize these items in later inventories and collection catalogues of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The collection-history of the Cospi codex and the possible whereabouts of some codices of the Borgia Group are discussed. The anomalous nature of Bolognese collections from the Americas, mostly formed by middle-ranking collectors rather than the high aristocracy, is confirmed and is shown to have been characteristic of the city since the early 1500s. This new source allows a better understanding to emerge of the attitudes of some learned Italians towards Mexican objects of this type in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses challenges in tracing the provenance of books, manuscripts, and other materials held at German libraries that had been stolen or confiscated from their Jewish owners by the Nazi regime campaign before and during World War II and the Holocaust. It outlines database applications and other software. It also advocates greater library cooperation to crowdsource results and to develop a cybernetic information infrastructure for provenance research.

The music manuscripts in the Grey Collection of the National Library of South Africa were bought during the nineteenth century at various auctions in Europe. Current South African research has been able to connect these remote medieval manuscripts to their European counterparts. They have been placed in their monastic orders, but also in closer relationships of provenance, such as the Diocese of Münster in Germany; the Church of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, Rome; the Charter - house for nuns of Mont-Sainte-Marie de Gosnay near Bethune, in Picardy, France; and the collections sold by the notorious bookseller, Guglielmo Libri. Scope remains, however, for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers how manuscripts and palimpsests were fragmented throughout history, and attempts to reconstruct such ancient and Medieval works through scholarly exploration of extant catalogued works. It focuses particularly on works originating from the monastic libraries in Egypt at St. Catherine's Monastery in Sinai and from Dayr al-Suryan located between Cairo and Alexandria. Three palimpsets created by tenth-century Georgian scribe Iovane Zosime at St. Catherine's from reused Christian Palestinian Aramaic parchment manuscripts are discussed. A manuscript of Gospel texts collected in the 11th century by a recluse known as Samuel for Dayr al-Suryan is considered.

This paper is focused on the cartulary of Porta coeli nunnary in the late 17th century and provides a basic information about it using the codicologic and paleographic analysis. This analysis will help to determinate the provenance and the age of this cartulary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the provenance of a set of historical manuscripts and documents on the history of the Moravian Church, known as Acta Unitatis Fratrum (Documents of the United Brethren). The author describes their original compilation in Bohemia in the second half of the 16th century and their transfer to the Moravian settlement of Lissa, Poland, during the Thirty Years War. She also relates efforts by Czech and German archivists in the 19th century to restore and translate the collection. The current state of preservation of the documents in the Czech national archives in Prague, Czech Republic, and plans for their digitization are also briefly considered.

The article examines the provenance of Greek manuscripts kept in the Codices Urbinates graeci collection of the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana (BAV) in Vatican City. Using comparative paleographic analysis, the author attributes a majority of these manuscripts to Italian Renaissance humanist Angelo Vadio da Rimini. He then provides a detailed description of the manuscripts themselves and speculates on what their provenance in such areas as Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey), Crete, Greece, and Cyprus explains about the circulation and transmission of knowledge in the 15th-century Mediterranean region.

The article discusses the return of the "Benev. VI 29" missal, a 12th-century document from the Monastery of Santa Sophia at Benevento, Italy, to the Chapter Library of Beneveto by the British Library. The missal disappeared from the Chapter Library following the 1943 bombing of Beneveto during the Second World War and was taken to the British Museum in 1946 by Captain D.G. Ash before being sold in 1947 to the British Museum and succeeded by the British Library. The Chapter Library requested the return of the missal in 1978 and the Spoliation Advisory Panel of Great Britain, which deals with Nazi-Confiscated Art and Holocaust-Era Assets, considered the return in 2005. The 2009 Holocaust (Return of Cultural Objects) Act provided a legal basis for the return.

The article discusses a variety of topics, including the history of diplomatics in Austria from the late 19th to the early 21st century in the context of archival studies programs, the constitutional and administrative structure of Austria in the 16th and early 17th centuries and the use of government documents from this period to study the history of the House of Habsburg, and particularly the doodles left by Austrian emperor Joseph I on such documents during official meetings of his privy council. On the first theme, the author highlights the contribution to research and teaching in the fields of Austrian archivists Lothar Groß, Walter Goldinger, and Lorenz Mikoletzky. On the question of doodles, the author details provenance research and archival appraisal and presents samples.

The article discusses the provenance of a manuscript fragment of the English poet Gerard Manley Hopkins' poem "The Loss of the Eurydice," owned by the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas, Austin. Topics addressed include a description of the document and its origins, commentary on its historical context surrounding Hopkins' life in 1883-1884, and discussion of the document's connection to letters to the Hopkins' sister Grace.

The article looks at a draft fragment of the poem "To Ianthe" by George Gordon Byron which contains a draft of the poem's second stanza and which is housed in the Jagiellonian Library in Kraków, Poland. Particular focus is given to the fragment's provenance. It was originally passed from Byron to his friend John Cam Hobhouse and later came into the possession of the Royal Library at Berlin, Germany, from which it was transferred to present-day Poland during World War II.

The article looks at a fair copy manuscript of the essay "The Decay of Lying: A Dialogue" by Oscar Wilde. The authors present information on the manuscript's provenance and its 2012 rediscovery at the University of Akron. It is suggested that the revisions present in the manuscript are relevant to the essay's most important formal aspects and provide insight into Wilde's creative process. The relationship between the characters Cyril and Vivian is also discussed.

The article argues that the transcription manuscript (MS Eng 1660) of several 17th century texts of English plays including "Mankind," "Nice Wanton," and "Gammer Gurtons Needle," gifted by scholar John Matthews Manly to Harvard University’s Houghton Library attributed to Mrs. Agnes Furnivall, reportedly the wife of 19th century textual scholar Frederick James Furnivall. In actuality, Agnes was Frederick's second cousin by marriage. Born Agnes Parker Ackroyd, she married Penn Furnivall in 1873 and identified herself as an artist and illustrator who transcribed documents for supplementary income.