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Assessment of pesticide exposure in 96 homes of migrant Latino farmworkers with preschool children found the most frequent pesticide residue to be azinphos-methyl (AZM). AZM levels in farmworker homes were related to distance from fields and number of resident agricultural workers. Children's play areas had potential for disproportionate exposure. A culturally appropriate, community-based research approach is discussed. (Contains 20 references.) (SV)

Through their marine-based diet, the Inuit of Nunavik (Quebec) are exposed to neurotoxic environmental contaminants that impact cognitive development. Mercury levels in Nunavik Inuit mothers and newborns were higher than in U.S. and Canadian populations but lower than in previous Arctic samples. Lead, polychlorinated biphenyls, chorinated pesticides, and possibly protective substances (selenium and N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) were also measured. (SV)

A workshop brought together scientists, community organization members, and agency representatives to review community-based research on the environmental health risks of pesticide exposure for migrant farmworkers; to share appropriate, successful community-based research methods and models; and to determine future research directions and needs related to environmental justice for farmworker communities. (Contains 39 references.) (SV)

Describes British teenagers' (n=138) knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward biotechnology with particular reference to food production. Concludes that more than half the teenagers were familiar with the term "biotechnology," but most lacked detailed knowledge of the subject. Teens rated formal schooling in science as an important source of their current science knowledge and claimed to mistrust print media resources. Contains 22 references. (WRM)

Recounts news stories published in the United States in 1989 that reported possible cancer risks from eating apples treated with a growth regulation chemical. Discusses how the initial alarmist stories launched a vigorous media debate over pesticide risks. Contains 27 references. (DDR)

As urbanization increases, the potential for conflict between urban and agricultural interests grows. A case study of a conflict between farming and nonfarming interests provides students an opportunity to consider and discuss varying perceptions about pesticide use by farmers while evaluating data concerning pesticides. (LZ)

A sample of 78 (of 320) home gardeners use rules of thumb (heuristics) to choose between chemical pesticides and nonchemical alternatives. Pesticides rank low in 24 choice attributes where alternatives rank high, and vice versa. Gender, age, and years of pesticide use correlate with pesticide selection. (SK)

Critiques environmental education in elementary school and secondary school education by reviewing 10 myths that give children an incomplete understanding of environmental issues. Discusses recycling, plastics, garbage, pesticides, acid rain, consumption, overpopulation, air pollution, global warming, and the ozone layer. Offers suggestions to improve environmental education. (JB)

Effectiveness of 2 extension publications on pesticide usage and safety (offered through stores and nurseries) was tested through surveys of 800 pamphlet users (415 responses) and focus group interviews with 20-30 respondents. Results showed, if marketed correctly, written information has large audience, safety information needs to be presented appropriately to encourage use, and pretesting publications with consumers is essential. (SK)

Reports on classroom observation of agricultural lessons and on tests of the ability of Kenyan farmers with elementary or secondary education to comprehend pesticide instructions. Concludes that literacy alone does not equip farmers to perform knowledge-based practical tasks involving modern production technologies. Contains 23 references. (SV)

Describes integrated pest management (IPM), a more advanced approach than chemical pesticide. Applies diffusion and farming-systems theories to create analytical model to explain IPM's adoption, use, and implications for agricultural change. Telephone surveys of Texas cotton growers on IPM practices found different sources of IPM information positively affected growers' adoption of IPM practice. (TES)

A videotape/bulletin package to promote rational alertness regarding pesticides and food was tested with 146 people. Although 68 percent judged the presentation balanced, developers found that programing about risk/benefit issues requires special attention to the way information is communicated. (SK)

Presents a historical perspective of educational and environmental curricula orientation in Africa. Examines environmentally-related problem areas (such as deforestation, pesticides, and endangered species) and lists the benefits and advantages of environmental education. A restructuring of Africa's formal education curriculum is recommended. (ML)

Describes the interdisciplinary activities of the extension unit known as the Office of Environmental Programs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Focuses on the coordination and training involved in programs dealing with pest management and water quality. (TW)

The metabolism and toxicology of the herbicide 2, 4, 5-T are reviewed. (BB)

Contains a discussion of insects' ability to survive, of the development of pesticides and the introduction of DDT, of the problems of pesticide use and resistance to insecticides, and of the advantages of integrated pest control. (BB)

Provides a brief review of the use of pheromones and other behavior-controlling chemicals in pest control. Topics include control of moths, butterflies, beetles, aphids, nematodes, and slugs. (BB)

Discussed is the nature of cyanide poisoning. Included are sources of the cyanide ion, the mechanism of poisoning, the biochemical basis for treatment, and therapeutic measures. (BT)

This article describes recent progress in chemical synthesis which depends on comparable advances in other areas of chemistry. Analysis and theories of chemical structure and reactions are determinants in progress in chemical synthesis and are described also. (Author/SA)

A review of the environmental problems identified on Earth Day 1970 is presented. Problems on conspicuous consumption, combustion of fossil fuels, and toxic substances are discussed. (SMB)

Evaluates overlapping coverage of 21 scientific databases used in 10 online pesticide searches in an attempt to identify minimum number of databases needed to generate 90 percent of unique, relevant citations for given search. Comparison of searches combined under given pesticide usage (herbicide, fungicide, insecticide) is discussed. Nine references are cited. (EJS)

Describes 16 mutagens/carcinogens found in plant food and coffee as well as several anticarcinogens also found in such food. Speculates on relevant biochemical mechanisms, particularly the role of oxygen radicals and their inhibitors in the fat/cancer relationship, promotion, anticarcinogenesis, and aging. (JN)

Explores the relationship between invention/innovation in pest control practices, food supply, and hunger in the United States from 1920-1970. Includes discussions of the nature, development, and use of insecticides, control of specific pests, and public arguments over the safety of residues leading to search for nonchemical methods of control. (JN)

Relates the story of when Mexico's Yaqui Indians split into two different agricultural camps in the 1950s, their children became a test group for the effects of pesticide exposure. (Author/DDR)

Discusses ways some universities have dealt with eliminating insects and wildlife from their athletic fields. The types problems to look for, the damage pests can cause, the safety issues involved, and tips on remedies are examined. (GR)

Illustrates the potential effect of pesticides, particularly DDT, on the health and safety of farm workers. A list of suggested readings for teachers is also included. (HM)

The use of pesticides in the schools is discussed. Some potential hazards include seeds dressed with fungicide/insecticide mixtures, fumigation of animal houses and greenhouses, and storage and disposal of pesticides. (SA)

A multimedia kit, prepared through the cooperation of a professional organization, a university, and an oil company involves students in four environmental problems. The emphasis is on the use of pesticides. The kit is intended to give students practice in decision making under realistic conditions. (RE)

Presented is a brief review of plant growth substances and selective herbicides. Topics include herbicidal selectivity and inhibitors. (BB)

Presented is a brief review of the analysis of pesticide residues in plants and soil. (BB)

Presents a brief review of pesticide use. Included topics are: biological activity, formulation, application, uptake, metabolism, residues, and tolerance. (BB)

Discusses the use of integrated pest management to foster a safe school environment free from pesticides. This effective, environmentally sound system minimizes human exposure and reduces the toxicity of materials used to control pests. Parents, teachers, and students can educate themselves to improve school pest control practices. (SM)

This review is devoted to methods for the determination of residues of pesticides and some related industrial chemicals. Topics include: residue methods, sampling, chromatography, organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, carbamate insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, pyrethrins, fumigants, and related chemicals. (MVL)

Discusses services and resources available for families, parents, and child care providers. Describes a National Resource Center for Children in Poverty; a guide for controlling infectious diseases among young children in day care; a directory of parent support groups; and reports of a link between household pesticides and childhood leukemia. (BB)

A chromatographic procedure for analyzing organophosphorus pesticides (such as PCB's, nitrosamines, and phthalate esters) in orange juice is described, including a summary of the method, instrumentation, methodology, results/discussion, and calculations. (JN)

Indicates that there are no adequate educational programs about pesticide use, abuse, and safety. Enumerates educational needs and suggests that adult education assume a vital role in meeting those needs. (JOW)

Three experiments demonstrating the feasibility of encapsulating liquids within a starch matrix are described, including encapsulation of linseed oil using the zanthate method and of turpentine and butylate using the calcium adduct procedure. Encapsulated materials, including pesticides, are slowly released from the resulting matrix. Considers factors related to the rate of release. (JN)

The history of the development of the herbicide industry, particularly the phenoxy herbicides 2, 4-D, and 2, 4, 5-T,is presented. (BB)