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Schistosomiasis is an intravascular infectious disease that impacts over 200 million people globally. In its chronic stage, it leads to mesenteric inflammation with significant involvement of monocytes/macrophages. Endothelial cells lining the vessel lumens play a crucial role, and mount of evidence links this disease to a downregulation of endoprotective cell signaling favoring a primed and proinflammatory endothelial cell phenotype and therefore the loss of immunovascular homeostasis. One hallmark of infectious and inflammatory conditions is the release of nucleotides into the extracellular milieu, which, in turn, act as innate messengers, activating purinergic receptors and triggering cell-to-cell communication. ATP influences the progression of various diseases through P2X and P2Y purinergic receptor subtypes. Among these receptors, P2Y2 (P2Y2R) and P2X7 (P2X7R) receptors stand out, known for their roles in inflammation. However, their specific role in schistosomiasis has remained largely unexplored. Therefore, we hypothesized that endothelial P2Y2R and P2X7R could contribute to monocyte adhesion to mesenteric endothelial cells in schistosomiasis. Using a preclinical murine model of schistosomiasis associated with endothelial dysfunction and age-matched control mice, we showed that endothelial P2Y2R and P2X7R activation increased monocyte adhesion to cultured primary endothelial cells in both groups. However, a distinct upregulation of endothelial P2Y2R-driven canonical Ca2+ signaling was observed in the infected group, amplifying adhesion. In the control group, the coactivation of endothelial P2Y2R and P2X7R did not alter the maximal monocyte adhesion induced by each receptor individually. However, in the infected group, this coactivation induced a distinct upregulation of P2Y2R-P2X7R-driven canonical signaling, IL-1β release, and VCAM-1 expression, with underlying mechanisms involving inflammasome and NF-κB signaling. Therefore, current data suggest that schistosomiasis alters endothelial cell P2Y2R/P2X7R signaling during inflammation. These discoveries advance our understanding of schistosomiasis. This intricate interplay, driven by PAMP-triggered endothelial P2Y2R/P2X7R cross-talk, emerges as a potential key player in the mesenteric inflammation during schistosomiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZrO2@SiO2 (core–shell) was prepared by mixing ZrO2 with SiO2 according to modified Stöber method. The nanostructures (15 wt%, ZrO2, SiO2, ZrO2@SiO2) were mixed with bovine hydroxyapatite (HA) and subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Vickers hardness (VH), and biaxial flexural strength (BFS). XRD showed no formation of secondary phases and FE-SEM revealed more homogeneous surface for ZrO2@SiO2. VH and BFS results showed statistically significant difference between all groups (p < 0.05). ZrO2@SiO2 significantly improved VH and BFS of HA. The ZrO2@SiO2 proved to be a promising material as a reinforcement for HA-based bioceramic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mathematics is an important subject in Basic Education. In order to favor the development of better results at school, it is suggested the use of games technological as resources in the classroom is suggested. An example of this is the Kahoot! tool, which enables greater student engagement and, consequently, greater interest in the subject. This work aims to identify how the Kahoot! can be used to solve mathematical problems with students in the 9th year of Elementary School, highlighting its contribution to the development and formation of the future citizen. The methodology used was qualitative research, considering that it was made from observations, readings and carrying out a learning activity using the platform as a way of contributing to the development of logical reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of O Social em Questão is the property of Faculdades Catolicas - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Primary Effusion Lymphoma is an extremely rare and aggressive subtype of B-cell lymphoma, accounting for only <1% of all cases of this neoplasm. It has a unique clinical presentation because it has a predilection for appearing in body cavities, such as the pleural space, pericardium and peritoneum. It mainly affects immunocompromised individuals and may also affect individuals in the Mediterranean region and in areas endemic for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Herein, we report the case of an 83-year-old immunocompetent male complaining of coughing, fever and progressive dyspnea for 3 days. His past medical history revealed a recurrent pleural effusion for the last three years, as well as losing weight and malaise. A subsequent investigation revealed a PEL diagnosis of the pleura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Physiotherapy Research / Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia is the property of Journal of Physiotherapy Research / Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Gestão Pública e Cidadania is the property of Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Escola Brasileira de Administracao Publica e de Empresas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) causes illness and death in cetaceans worldwide; the CeMV strains circulating in the Southern Hemisphere are poorly known. We detected a pilot whale CeMV strain in 3 short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) stranded in Brazil during July-October 2020. Our results confirm this virus circulates in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of hydropower plants (HPPs) and climate/land use change pose a threat to the natural river regime. Although some approaches distinguish the climate action from anthropogenic influence on hydrological regimes in large basins, few methods propose to separate the climate effects from the regulation consequences of unique/few dams. This paper presents a new method to quantify effects of HPP and climate change/land use under the main altered river regime components, which is based on flow duration curves. The method was applied in the Grande River (Brazil), which is regulated by a large reservoir (with surface area > 70 km2). The indicators of hydrological alterations and the range of variability approach indicated that all drivers' effects promoted a moderate alteration in five regime components. The Itutinga‐Camargos HPP implications were the major driver, with a contribution higher than 90% in every component, and it was responsible for a 0.28 × 109 m3 year−1 reduction in water superficial availability downstream. The flow regimes in headwater watersheds can be highly sensitive to dam operations, but other factors may aggravate their effects on river dynamics. The quantification of anthropogenic actions has possible applicability in other systems worldwide to assess the ecosystem services of flow regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of reverse pyrrole ribonucleosides methyl 5-C-(4-acetyl-5-methyl-pyrrol-1-yl)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-deoxy- beta-D-ribofuranoside (10), methyl 5-C-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-pyrrol-1-yl)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-deoxy- beta-D-ribofuranoside (11), methyl 5-C-(4-acetyl-5-methyl-pyrrol-1-yl)-5-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranoside (12), methyl 5-C-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-pyrrol-1-yl)-5-deoxy- beta-D-ribofuranoside (13), methyl 5-deoxy-5-C-(3'-formyl-4'-hydroxypropyl-pyrrol-1'-yl)-2,3-O-isopropylidene- beta-D-ribofuranoside (16) and methyl 5-deoxy-5-C-(3'-formyl-pyrrol-1'-yl)-2,3-O-isopropylidene- beta-D-ribofuranoside (18) are described starting from readily available methyl 5-amino-5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-ribofuranoside (9). The synthetic strategy for the construction of the heterocyclic ring was based on the nucleophilic attack of (9) to 4-acetyl-2-n-butoxy-5-methyl-4,5-dihydrofuran (4), 4-carbetoxy-2-n-butoxy-5-methyl-4,5-dihydrofuran (5), 4-formyl-2-n-butoxy-4,5-dihydrofuran (6) and 4-formyl-1-methyl dioxabyciclo[3.3.0]oct-3-en (8, in situ). The later compounds were obtained from reaction between 3-diazo-2,4-pentadione (1), ethyl 2-diazoacetoacetate (2) or diazomalonaldehyde (3) and enol ethers using dirhodium tetraacetate as a catalyst.

Health has received great attention from governments and investments in communication for health promotion with adequate use of messages are increasingly necessary. There is a need for investments in prevention and the reduction of amounts invested at the end of patients' lives, when higher expenses occur due to lack of prevention. However, communication in this sector is specific and requires care, as it is different from marketing communication. For the effective transmission of messages related to health promotion, with the aim of making the recipient of the message take an attitude towards his own health, the message must be persuasive and take certain precautions. Thus, a bibliographic review and analysis of communication and health theories and research on persuasion from the 60s onwards were carried out, as well as the approach to communication strategies and theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underreporting of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global problem and might hamper Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemiological control. Taking this into consideration, we estimated possible SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting in Brazil among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). An ecological study using a descriptive analysis of the SARS report was carried out based on data supplied by the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information (SIVEP)-Flu (in Brazilian Portuguese, Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe) in the period between January 2015 and March 2021. The number of SARS cases and related deaths after infection by SARS-CoV-2 or Influenzae was described. The estimation of underreporting was evaluated considering the relative increase in the number of cases with undefined etiological agent comparing 2020 to 2015–2019; and descriptive analysis was carried out including data from January–March/2021. In our data, SARS-CoV-2 infection and the presence of SARS with undefined etiological agent were associated with the higher number of cases and deaths from SARS in 2020/2021. SARS upsurge was six times over that expected in 2020, according to SARS seasonality in previous years (2015–2019). The lowest possible underdiagnosis rate was observed in the age group < 2 y.o. and individuals over 30 y.o., with ~50%; while in the age groups 10–19 and 20–29 y.o., the rates were 200–250% and 100%, respectively. For the remaining age groups (2–5 and 5–9 y.o.) underreporting was over 550%, except for female individuals in the age group 2–5 y.o., in which a ~500% rate was found. Our study described that the SARS-CoV-2 infection underreporting rate in Brazil in SARS patients is alarming and presents different indices, mainly associated with the patients' age groups. Our results, mainly the underreporting index according to sex and age, should be evaluated with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Baltic-German chemist Wilhelm Ostwald (1853–1932) was nominated several times for the Nobel Prize in chemistry between 1904 and 1909. Many of these nominations were based on his pedagogical works. The appreciation of Ostwald's pedagogical activity can shed light on how science pedagogy was seen in the early twentieth century and how Ostwald was considered by his contemporaries. Based on sources from the Nobel Prize archives and other documents, in this paper we discuss the views of the Nobel Prize nominators on Ostwald's pedagogical works as presented in the nomination letters and the evaluation of The Nobel Committee for Chemistry on the merits of pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos PAGU is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)