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Abstract This study describes the estimation of solar radiation from photovoltaic (PV) power generation in smart streetlights (SSL) with a heat transfer model. The distribution of solar radiation is important for managing PV power generation. In particular, the demand for electricity for air conditioners and lighting in urban areas is large, so it is a major target for reducing greenhouse gases by introducing PV power. Solar radiation data that includes information on building shadows and reflections can be obtained by high‐density sampling in urban areas using SSL. These data, which include the three‐dimensional effects of urban structures such as buildings, can help urban planning to incorporate PV power generation. Diverse monitoring data in addition to urban canopy top solar radiation data will accelerate the introduction of PV power. The thermal state of the PV panel is an uncertain factor that links solar radiation and PV power generation. Here, we investigate an hourly constant model, a steady‐state model, and two nonsteady state models with daily and monthly intervals for predicting solar radiation from PV power generation at two locations over one winter month. Solar radiation is estimated by evaluating solar cell temperature, except for the hourly constant model. For the nonsteady‐state model, two types of heat transfer model, which consider only wind speed or both wind speed and direction for convection, are used. The model that includes wind speed and direction calculated by a Joukowski transform is effective, and the highest model accuracy is a mean absolute percentage error of less than 6.3% for the monthly average.

The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of 2-year consolidation therapy with nilotinib, at a dose of 300 mg twice daily, for achieving treatment-free remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients with a deep molecular response (BCR-ABL1IS ≤0.0032%). Successful treatment-free remission was defined as no confirmed loss of deep molecular response. We recruited 96 Japanese patients, of whom 78 sustained a deep molecular response during the consolidation phase and were therefore eligible to discontinue nilotinib in the treatment-free remission phase; of these, 53 patients (67.9%; 95% confidence interval: 56.4–78.1%) remained free from molecular recurrence in the first 12 months. The estimated 3-year treatment-free survival was 62.8%. Nilotinib was readministered to all patients (n=29) who experienced a molecular recurrence during the treatment-free remission phase. After restarting treatment, rapid deep molecular response returned in 25 patients (86.2%), with 50% of patients achieving a deep molecular response within 3.5 months. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor withdrawal syndrome was reported in 11/78 patients during the early treatment-free remission phase. The treatment-free survival curve was significantly better in patients with undetectable molecular residual disease than in patients without (3-year treatment-free survival, 75.6 versus 48.6%, respectively; P=0.0126 by the log-rank test). There were no significant differences in treatment-free survival between subgroups based on tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment before the nilotinib consolidation phase, tyrosine kinase inhibitor-withdrawal syndrome, or absolute number of natural killer cells. The results of this study indicate that it is safe and feasible to stop tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who have achieved a sustained deep molecular response with 2 years of treatment with nilotinib. This study was registered with UMIN-CTR (UMIN000005904).

Discusses the case of a 62-year-old female patient presenting with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) complicated by plasmacytoma originating from different clones. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in the peripheral blood and plasmacytoma; Development of two B cell malignancies from the expansion of two phenotypically and genotypically distinct clones.