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PURPOSE:To evaluate the central nervous system toxicity of cisplatin and neuroprotective effect of selenium.METHODS:Twenty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control (C), cisplatin (CS), cisplatin and selenium (CSE, n=7 in each group). Cisplatin (12 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was administered to CS and CSE groups for three days. Furthermore, CSE group received 3mg/kg/day (twice-a-day as 1.5 mg/kg) selenium via oral gavage five days before cisplatin injection and continued for 11 consecutive days. The same volumes of saline were administered to C group intraperitoneally and orally at same time.RESULTS:Heterochromatic and vacuolated neurons and dilated capillary vessels in the brain were observed in the histochemical examinations of cisplatin treated group. Rats that were given a dose of 3mg/kg/day selenium decreased the cisplatin induced histopathological changes in the brain, indicating a protective effect. In addition, cytoplasmic staining of the cell for bcl-2, both cytoplasmic and nuclear staining for bax were determined to be positive in the all groups. Bax positive cells were increased in the CS group compared to C group, in contrast to decreased bcl-2 positivity.CONCLUSION:Selenium limited apototic activity and histological changes due to the cisplatin related central neurotoxicity.

AMAÇ: Schwannoma 2. en sık periferik sinir tümörüdür. Yavaş büyüyen selim tümörlerdir. Tamamen spinal kanal içinde ya da kum saati şeklinde intervertebral foramenden dışarı çıkarak, nadiren de thorax veya posterior abdominal duvar kitlesi olarak kendini gösterir. Posterior abdominal duvar yerleşimli bir schwannoma olgusu sunuldu.OLGU: 49 yaşında bayan hasta bel ve her iki bacak ağrısı şikayetiyle başvurdu. Nörolojik muayenesinde laseque (30 degree) +/ -, sağ başparmak dorsifleksiyonu 3/5 kas gücü olarak tespit edildi. Çekilen lomber MRI'da sol L5 vertebra korpusu anteriorunda 3x2.5 cm ölçülerinde düzgün kenarlı, belirgin kontrast tutmayan kitle, sağ L4-5 prodrude disk hernisi ve L3, L4 seviyesinde spinal dar kanal tespit edildi. Öncelikle kitleye yönelik cerrahi planlandı. GAA supine pozisyonunda, göbek altı median insizyonla katlar geçilerek batına girildi. Explorasyonda sol L5 korpusu anteriorunda, sol iliak arter ve iliak veni anteriora itmiş retroperitoneal kitleye ulaşıldı. İliak arter ve ven mediale ekarte edilerek kitleye ulaşıldı. Sinir kılıfı açılarak lastik kıvamındaki düzgün kenarlı kitle total olarak çıkarıldı. Komplikasyon olmadı. Postoperatif ek bir defisit gözlenmedi. Patoloji sonucu schwannoma olarak rapor edildi. Spinal dar kanal ve lomber disk hernisine yönelik 2. bir operasyon planlanarak hasta taburcu edildi.SONUÇ: L5 korpusu anteriorunda yerleşmiş nöronal kaynaklı tümörlerde göbek altı median yaklaşımı kolay ve çevre anatomik yapılara hakimiyet açısından güvenli bir yoldur.

Objective. Posterior dynamic stabilization is an effective alternative to fusion in the treatment of chronic instability and degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the lumbar spine. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of dynamic stabilization in chronic degenerative disc disease with Modic types 1 and 2. Modic types 1 and 2 degeneration can be painful. Classic approach in such cases is spine fusion. We operated 88 DDD patients with Modic types 1 and 2 via posterior dynamic stabilization. Good results were obtained after 2 years of followup. Methods. A total of 88 DDD patients with Modic types 1 and 2 were selected for this study. The patients were included in the study between 2004 and 2010. All of them were examined with lumbar anteroposterior (AP) and lateral X-rays. Lordosis of the lumbar spine, segmental lordosis, and ratio of the height of the intervertebral disc spaces (IVSs) were measured preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis was carried out, and according to the data obtained, the grade of disc degeneration was classified. The quality of life and pain scores were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Appropriate statistical method was chosen. Results. The mean 3- and 12-month postoperative IVS ratio was significantly greater than that of the preoperative group (P0.05). Furthermore, the mean preoperative and 1 and 2 postoperative angles of lumbar lordosis and segmental lordosis were not significantly different (P>0.05). The mean VAS score and ODI, 3, 12, and 24 months after surgery, decreased significantly, when compared with the preoperative scores in the groups (P=0.000). Conclusion. Dynamic stabilization in chronic degenerative disc disease with Modic types 1 and 2 was effective.

Objective: We investigated the intervertebral discs in a rat electromagnetic radiation (EMR) model to demonstrate that electromagnetic radiation is a cause of degenerative intervertebral discs. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I consisted of control rats, and groups II-IV comprised electromagnetically irradiated with 900, 1800 and 2400 MHz. The rats were placed into a specially designed mechanism, and their heads were exposed to 900, 1800 and 2400 MHz microwaves irradiation for 1 h per day for 2 months. The control group rats were placed into same system. The same procedure was applied to the control group while the rats were not exposed to the electromagnetic waves. Results: The intervertebral disc Interleukin-1β levels as well as the total antioxidative capacity (TAC) and total oxidative capacity (TOS) values in the EMR groups (900, 1800, 2400 MHz) were higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). In the EMR groups, group II intervertebral disc Interleukin-1β levels and TAC were not significantly different from those in group III (P>0.05). Group II intervertebral disc TOS was significantly different from that in groups III and IV (P<0.05). In the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) comparisons , group II was significantly different from groups I, III and IV (P<0.05). Conclusions: Electromagnetic radiation increased the intervertebral disc release of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and oxidative radicals. This process can lead to degeneration of intervertebral disc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction  Intradiploic cavernous hemangioma of the skull is seen rarely. Intradiploic cavernous hemangiomas arise from the intrinsic vasculature of the bone and generally picks up at the fourth and fifth decades. Discussion and conclusion  In this report, we present a 16-year-old child who was admitted with a swelling lesion in the right parietal bone and diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma after total extirpation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]