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This paper describes the simple and environmentally friendly production of AgNPs using Dimrit raisin, grown in Burdur, extract. To optimize the synthesis of AgNPs, a number of variables, including extract concentration, silver solution concentration, synthesis time, and synthesis temperature, were investigated. AgNPs were obtained after 173 h at 1% extract concentration and 10-1 M silver concentration. The structure of the synthesised AgNPs was investigated by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). TEM analysis showed that the majority of the AgNPs had a spherical shape, and the average particle size was 30 nm. Antimicrobial activity was seen against Staphylococcus aureus ATTC43300, Enterococcus faecalis ATTC29212, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Gram-negative Salmonella enterocolitis, E. coli 0157:H7 ATTC 43895, and Escherichia coli ATTC 35150. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is aimed at obtaining a relationship between the values defining bead geometry and the welding parameters and also to select optimum welding parameters. For this reason, an experimental study has been realized. The welding parameters such as the arc current, arc voltage, and welding speed which have the most effect on bead geometry are considered, and the other parameters are held as constant. Four, three, and five different values for the arc current, the arc voltage, and welding speed are used, respectively. So, sixty samples made of St 52-3 material were prepared. The bead geometries of the samples are analyzed, and the thickness and penetration values of the weld bead are measured. Then, the relationship between the welding parameters is modeled by using artificial neural network (ANN) and neurofuzzy system approach. Each model is checked for its adequacy by using test data which are selected from experimental results. Then, the models developed are compared with regard to accuracy. Also, the appropriate welding parameters values can be easily selected when the models improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]