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Non-adherence in schizophrenia treatment is still a major problem in the successful treatment of schizophrenia. MARS-10 (Medication Adherence Report Scale-10) questionnaire is a self-reported questionnaire to measure patient’s adherence which has been implemented in some disease. However, there is still no study investigated the application of MARS-10 into schizophrenia patients in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the MARS-10 questionnaire in schizophrenia cases in Indonesia. This design of this study was a prospective, descriptive quantitative analysis approach with a cross-sectional design. Thirty schizophrenia patients from Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, Lawang Mental Hospital, and UMM Hospital were used as research samples. Determining the validity of the questionnaire using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test, the correlation coefficient value r count is greater than the r table value, which is 0.361. In determining the reliability of the questionnaire, an analysis was carried out using the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient which showed the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.742. The results of the validity and reliability tests show that the MARS-10 questionnaire that has been translated into Indonesian is valid and reliable for measuring the level of compliance of schizophrenia patients with antipsychotic treatment in Indonesia.

Covid-19 has spread globally, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The symptoms of covid-19 have similarities with influenza, such as cough, fever, runny nose, and sore throat. Therefore, the internet sources tend to have an increasing search related to influenza symptoms drugs. This study aims to assess the searching trend of influenza’s symptoms drug using google trend analysis in Indonesia. We explore google trend analysis using search terms in the Indonesian language related to influenza’s symptoms drugs from 6 December 2020 to 30 November 2021. The positive confirmed cases were obtained from the Indonesian government website https://covid19.go.id/. Our results demonstrated the increasing search terms related to influenza drug symptoms during July and August. The highest term search was “obat batuk”. The positive covid-19 confirmed cases in Indonesia increased during July and August. During the peak of the covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia on July-August 2021, there was an increase in google trends searching related to influenza’s drug symptoms.

Abstract Background Concerns have been raised regarding the efficacy and safety resulting from the potential interactions of herbs with Western medications due to the use of both herbs and Western medicine by the general public. Information obtained from the web must be critically evaluated prior to its use in making decisions. Description This study aimed to construct an herb-drug interaction (HDI) website (https://drug-herb-interaction.netlify.com) with a critically reviewed database. Node.js was used to store the database by running JavaScript. Vue.js is a front-end framework used for web interface development. A total of 135 sets of information related to the interactions of ginseng, ginkgo and dong quai with Western medicine from the literature identified in Medline were collected, followed by critical reviews to prepare nineteen items of information for each HDI monograph. A total of 80 sets of validated HDIs met all criteria and were further assessed at the individual reliability level (likely, possible, and unevaluable) and labeled with the “interaction” item. This query system of the website can be operated in both the Chinese and English languages to obtain all monographs on HDIs in the database, including bilingual interaction data. The database of HDI monographs can be updated by simply uploading a new version of the information Excel file. The designed “smart search” module, in addition to the “single search”, is convenient for requesting multiple searches. Among the “likely” interactions (n = 26), 50% show negative HDIs. Ten of these can increase the effect of the Western drug, and the others (n = 3) imply that the HDI can be beneficial. Conclusions The current study provides a website platform and 80 sets of validated bilingual HDIs involving ginseng, ginkgo and dong quai in an online database. A search of HDI monographs related to these three herbs can be performed with this bilingual, easy-to-use query website, which is feasible for professionals and the general public. The identified reliability level for each HDI may assist readers’ decisions regarding whether taking Western medications concomitant with one of three herbal medicinal foods is safe or whether caution is required due to potentially serious outcomes.

Pati singkong merupakan bahan tambahan dalam pembuatan tablet yang memiliki sifat alir dan kompresibilitas kurang baik sehingga tidak dapat dipergunakan untuk bahan pengisi tablet cetak langsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan co-process dari Pati singkong-Avicel PH 101 (PS-A) untuk bahan pengisi tablet cetak langsung. Untuk mendapatkan hasil ini maka dilakukan (1) isolasi pati singkong, (2) co-procesing PS-A, (3) pengujian sifat mekanik-fisik co-process PS-A dan (4) evaluasi co-process PS-A sebagai bahan pengisi tablet cetak langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari semua formula yang digunakan maka perbandingan PS-A (60:40) dapat menghasilkan co-process dengan sifat mekanik-fisik dan sifat kompresi paling baik. Sifat mekanik-fisik paling baik adalah kecepatan alir 6,70±0,28 g/dt dan tapping index 12,57±1,18.%. Sifat kompresi coprocess PS-A yang paling baik yaitu kekerasan tablet 4,97±0,23 kp dan kerapuhan 0,52±0,03.% dengan waktu hancur dan keseragaman kadar memenuhi persyaratan farmakope.