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The German Thorotrast Study includes 5159 Thorotrast patients and 5160 control patients. 887 Thorotrast patients and 660 control patients could be clinically and biophysically examined and followed-up. The mean age at injection or hospitalization in the case of the control group was 28 yr. The mean injected volume of Thorotrast was calculated to be 24.7 ml and the X-ray films of 249 Thorotrast patients showed paravascular deposits. In the meantime 432 Thorotrast patients and 122 patients of the control group have died. Among the deceased patients we have registered (Thorotrast vs control): hepatic tumors 152/0; myeloproliferative diseases 10/0; Hodgkin's diseases 2/0; non-Hodgkin's lymphomas 5/1; bronchogenic carcinomas 13/6; pleural mesothelioma 1/0; bone sarcoma 1/1(?); sarcoma at injection site 1/0; hepatic cirrhosis 90/6; bone marrow failure 8/1; other neoplastic diseases 46/19; other non-neoplastic diseases 151/88. The cumulative incidence of liver tumors depends on the dose rate to liver tissue and is not influenced by the age at injection. A dose effect relationship for the myeloproliferative diseases is not yet apparent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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An increasing dose-effect relationship was found between the chromosome aberration rate and the radiation dose in 51 Thorotrast patients. This relationship is given by the function yB2=7.0 · D for the complete break rate and by the function yD2=1.5 · D for the dicentric chromosomes with and without accompanying fragments y=aberration yield, D=dose). The power exponent is less than 1, in contrast to examinations in vitro in which it varies between 1 and 2. We suggest that some cells damaged by radiation in vivo are eliminated by the body. This could explain the power function, as described above, which is approximately comparable to a saturation curve. The large variance of the aberration rate in relation to the radiation dose determined in vivo indicates that the usual method of scoring 100 cells per case is not sufficient to give a statistically significant relationship. We estimate that at least 500 cells need to be scored in each case. This will be possible when an automatic chromosome analyser becomes available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biophysik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)